名词性从句课件

1.概念 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合 句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介 词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能, 名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、 表语从句和同位语从句。
Who will win the match is still unknown.
whichever (book) you like.
whose
• Whose表示“谁的”。 • 在句子中充当定语的成分，其后一定会加
when, where, how, why, however… when, where, how, why, however…
that的用法
• 在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有任何具体意思。 • 引导的句子相当于一个陈述句。 • 只起到连接的作用。
主语 做及物动词宾语
宾语 做介词宾语
表语 同位语
一般不省略 可以省略 不可以省略 一般不省略 一般不省略
(3) It ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎…
(4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说…
He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. E) 后面紧接or not 时。如：
We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.
② 关联词只能用 whether或if, 不能用 that的情况如下：

2 Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen.
If it will do us harm remains to be seen
how,when,where,why
有词意，在从句中做状语，不能省略
1 How this happened is not clear to anyone. 2 When we arrive doesn’t matter.
Our teacher wondered why Tom had not attended his lessons for a few days. It was said that he had asked for leave. What surprised the teacher most was that Tom was suffering a very serious disease.
His doctor suggested that he should be sent to the hospital for further medical treatment. Tom became relieved when the news that his disease was not serious came last week. However, the doctors made the decision that Tom should be operated on in no time.
两个注意
英语中只有少数名词可后接同位语从句，比较常英语中只有少数名词可后接同位语从 句，比较常见的有belief, doubt, fact, feeling, hope, idea, message, news, opinion

引导主语从句的常见引导词有that、 what、who、which等。
that在主语从句中不充当任何成分， 仅起连接作用；what、who、which 等引导词则需要在主语从句中充当相 应的成分。
主语从句的句型结构
主语从句的句型结构通常为“引导词+主语+谓语”，其中引导词是主语从句的开头， 主语是句子中的主要内容，谓语则用来表达主语的动作或状态。
例如：“What he said is not important.”（他所说的是不重要的。）这个句子中， “What he said”就是主语从句，“is”是谓语，“not important”是表语。
03 表语从句
表语从句的定义
表语从句是名词性从句的一种， 用作句子的表语成分，表示主 语的性质、状态或身份等。
表语从句的时态和主句时态保持一致，如果主句时态是现在时，则表语 从句时态也应该是现在时。如果主句时态是过去时，则表语从句时态也 应该是过去时。
04 宾语从句
宾语从句的定义
宾语从句是句子在复 合句中充当宾语成分 的句子。
宾语从句在句子中充 当宾语，对主句起到 补充说明的作用。
宾语从句可以由疑问 代词、疑问副词、陈 述代词或陈述副词引 导。
名词性从句的作用
01
02
03
表达意义
名词性从句能够完整地表 达一个概念或信息，使复 合句意义更加丰富。
补充说明
名词性从句可以用来补充 说明主句中的某个名词或 代词，提供更多细节。
强调重点
名词性从句可以用来强调 某个概念或信息的重要性， 突出主题。
名词性从句的引导词
陈述句引导词
01
that、what、which、who/whom等。

I know (that) he will study English next year.
I know (that) he has studied English since 1998.
第17页
当主句动词是过去时态（could, would除外），从句则要用对应过 去时态，如普通过去时，过去进行 时，过去未来时等；当从句表示是 客观真理，科学原理，自然现象， 则从句仍用现在时态。比如：
2.这就是亨利怎么处理这个问题.
This is__h_o_w_H__en_r_y__so_l_ve_d__th_e_p_r_o_b_le_m__. ___.
3.天看起来要下雨了.
It looks_a_s_i_f _it_i_s_g_o_in_g_t_o_r_a_in_.___________.
第21页
2.It + be + -ed分词 ＋ that从句
It is believed that…
人们相信…
It is known to us all that …. 众所周知…
It has been decided that…… 已经决定……
3.It + be + 名词 ＋ that从句
It is common knowledge that… …是常识
a. 引导主语从句并在句首时；b. 引导表语从句时；c . 引导从句作 介词宾语时；d. 从句后有“or not” 时；e. 后接动词不定式时。
第14页
Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question.
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test?

（ travel ） faster than sound.
3. Tom says that Mary _w_e_n_t (go) abroad last year and
_h_a_s_b__ee_n__ (be) there for nearly 5 months.
1）主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时
以上连接词的共同作用是:
否
动词后的宾语 从句可以省略
否
动词后的宾
否
否
语从句可用
if代替
是
否
否
连接主句和从句 (连接作用)
三、名词性从句连接词的选用
（1）that 和what 的选用 1. That he told a lie hurt me. 他说了谎, 这伤害了我.
主句 主语从句
… hurt me. He told a lie.
A. what B. that
C. why
D. whether
表语从句
二、名词性从句连接词的用法

子成份
可否省略
可否用其 他词代替
that
主/宾/
表语从
句 whether 主/宾/
表语从
特殊疑问词
what/where/
when/which等
句 主/宾/ 表语从 句
Summary 总结 (不能使用if 的情况)：
1. if只能用在动词后的宾语从句,不能用在介词后的宾语从句 2. if 不能用在放句首的主语从句中 3. if 不能用在表语从句中 4. whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if. 5. whether to do 做动词宾语, 不能用if to do.

was worried. 2.The reason lies in that she works harder
than the others do. 3.I think it necessary that you should read English
aloud.
12
2.由从属连词if / whether 引导的宾从
It’s a pity/a fact /a common knowledge (众所周知)/ a common saying that… (俗话说)
6
A. It +be+adj (important/ essential/
B. natural/ necessary)+ that sb. should do sth.
• It +be+adj (amazing/ clear/certain…) +that从句
• It is certain that we will do a good job.
• It is very clear that we should leave.
B. It +be + n ( a pity/ a fact/ a good idea/ an honor/ a mystery/ a pleasure/ a shame/ a wonder/ a challenge…) + that从句
4. He said he was watching TV/ he had swept the floor/ he would play football after school.
5. 3. 如果宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象、科 学真理等时，从句不受主句限制，用一般现在时。

《名词性从句》PPT课件
学习名词性从句并不难，本课程将会带领大家逐步掌握名词性从句的构成、 分类及用法。欢迎跟随本课程一起成为语法大师。
名词性从句的构成
主句
包含名词性从句的句子。
连词
引导名词性从句与主句结合的连 接词。
从句
充当主句成分的句子，可作Байду номын сангаас语、 宾语等。
名词性从句的分类
主语从句
名词性从句作主语。
主语从句的常用连词
引导方式
how
引导时间
when, before, after
引导原因
why, because
引导地点
where
同位语从句的特点
1
连接词
2
that
3
解释说明
同位语从句中的内容必须是前面名词的解释 说明。
语序
从句中常用陈述语序。
表语从句的考点
四类连词
be, become, seem, look
3 种含义
指人跟物，指状态跟感觉，指时间 跟距离。
名词和形容词后用"that"
My biggest hope is that my children are happy.
名词性从句的常见错误
谓语动词形式错误
My biggest hope are that my children are happy.
省略that
My biggest hope is my children are happy.
错误的连词
My biggest hope is if my children are happy.
宾语从句
名词性从句作动词宾语。
同位语从句

it作形式主语,形式宾语
it 作形式主语
1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。 _T_h__a_t _h_e_m__a_d_e_s_u_c_h__a_m__i_st_a_k_e__ is a pity .
It is a pity that… 2.他来不来不重要。 W__h_e_t_h_e_r_h_e__w_i_ll_c_o_m__e_o_r__n_o_tdoesn’t matter.
I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .
1. I’ve got to makeitclear that he told a lie. 2. I like __it_ in the autumn when the
weather is clear and bright. (2004 ) A. this B. that C. it D. one 3. 他发现很难使别人理解他. He found i_t_d_i_ff_ic_u_l_t_t_o_m__a_k_e_h__im__s_el_f_u_n_d__er_s_t_o_o_d_.
that / what
1.W__h_a_t__ he wants is a book. 2. T__h_a_t__ he wants to go there is obvious. 3. The result is _t_h_a_t__ we won the game. 4. This is w__h_a_t_ we want to know. 5. I don’t knoww__h_a_twill happen next. 6. He is no longerw__h_a_the used to be. 7. I have no doubt _t_h_a_t_ you will succeed.