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计算机专业英语(霍洪涛)课件Chapter 5

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计算机基础,全英文版的ppt课件

计算机基础,全英文版的ppt课件
– Quality
DIGITAL SOCIETY
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Section B Digital Devices • Adopt binary system • Store Information
What is a computer? (Von Neumann’s definition) A computer is a multipurpose device that accepts input, process data, stores data, and produces output, all according to a series of stored instructions (P14.)
• A computer network is a group of computers linked by wired or wireless technology to share data and resources.
• The Internet is a global computer network • The Web (short for World Wide Web) is a collection of linked documents,
graphics, and sounds that can be accessed over the Internet.
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Section A all things digital CONVERGENCE
– What is convergence? (P.8 of E) – How does convergence affect the typical consumer?
Others 30% • Website:
– Username: S 学号 – Password: 123456 • Instructor : Taohong Zhang Contact:

计算机专业英语第三版教学课件Unit5 Software Engineering

计算机专业英语第三版教学课件Unit5 Software Engineering
Mr. Brown: Zhonghua Computers. What can I do for you?
布朗先生：您好！中华计算机公司。我能为您做些什么？
Linda: Hello, Mr. Brown. It is Linda. Got a minute?
琳达：您好，布朗先生。我是琳达。您有时间吗？
Mr. Brown: I see your point. If we have to spend more time on developing the second version, we’ll have to adjust the schedule. People need to know that we have adjusted the project development plan as soon as possible. Do you want me to call the project manager?
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More New Words and Phrases
A software development project organization.
Lesson 14
Unit 5
Look and Learn Dialogue Reading Learn More New Words and Phrases
Mr. Brown: Yes.We planned to put the two versions in the same development process. Well, what kind of problem are you having now?
布朗先生：是的。我们计划在同一个开发过程中投入两个版本。那您现在遇到什么问题了？

《计算机专业英语》Unit 5 What is Operating System

《计算机专业英语》Unit 5 What is Operating System
The operating system is a huge management control procedures, broadly include the following five aspects of management functions: process and processor management, operations management, storage management, device management, document management.
The patterns are very diverse operating systems; OS can be installed on different machines from simple to complex, from the phone's embedded systems to large-scale supercomputer operating system. Many operating systems, the definition of manufacturer of the OS is not much consensus, for example, that some OS integrated graphical user interface, and some OS to use only a text interface, while the graphical interface as a non-essential applications.
资源, 财力, 办法, 智谋
经营, 管理, 处理, 操纵, 驾驶, 手段
Novell公司出的网络操作系统
植入的, 深入的, 内含的

计算机专业英语(霍洪涛)课件Chapter 6

计算机专业英语(霍洪涛)课件Chapter 6
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Unit 1 Introduction to Database System
❖1. What Is a Database
A database is a collection of data items
related to some enterprises. We are
particular interested in databases stored
❖2. What Is a Database Management System Typically, all database access is classified into two broad categories: queries and updates(p110Pr2L2). 通常地，所有的数据库访问都可以分为两类： 查询和更新。
amount of 大量的（接不可数名词） asset n.资产 liability n. 负债 widely recognized n.被公认的
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Unit 1 Introduction to Database System
❖literally(p110L4) adv. 照字面地
You should not take those literally but sympathize with the sentiments they convey. 你不应该从字面上理解这些话，而应对这种感觉表 示同情。
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Unit 1 Introduction to Database System
❖2. What Is a Database Management System
The beauty of SQL lies in its declarative nature: the application programmer need only state what is to be done; the DBMS figures out how to do it efficiently(p110Pr2L7). SQL语言之美在于它具有陈述的性质：应用程 序员只需要声明需要做的事情；DBMS就能知 道出怎样有效地做。 ❖declarative adj. 陈述的，说明的 ❖figure out 想出; 弄明白

计算机专业英语第2版课件

计算机专业英语第2版课件

2020/5/8
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RS flip-flop
2020/5/8
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Shift registers
A register capable of shifting its binary information in one or both directions is called a shift register.
The simplest possible shift register is one that uses only flip-flops.
The output of a given flip-flop is connected to the D input of the flip-flop at its right. The clock is common to all flip-flops. The serial input determines what goes into the leftmost position during the shift. The serial output is taken from the output of the rightmost flip-flop.
2020/5/8
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4-bit shift register
2020/5/8
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The capabilities of shift register
▪ An input for clock pulses to synchronize all operations.
▪ A shift-right operation and a serial input line associated with the shift-right.

中职计算机专业英语教学课件Lesson 5Software

中职计算机专业英语教学课件Lesson 5Software
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Reading Comprehension
Title Bar（标题栏）: Indicates which program you are currently working in. When a window is active, the title bar becomes blue in color.
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Words and Expressions
2．Bear in mind that the software we are talking about is not the floppy disks where computer software comes but what is stored on the disks. 记住我们所说的软件不是存放电脑软 件的软盘而是存放在软盘里的内容。 bear in mind 是一个固定搭配， 意为“记住” 。例如： Bear in mind that you should finish your homework before you go to the cinema. 记住你应该先完成作业再去看电影。
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Lesson 5 Software
System software is a collection of programs which enables the application software to interact with the computer hardware devices. The system software which is also called background software controls computer hardware. The most popular system software is the operating system which all computers use. It handles such details as running programs, storing data and programs, and processing data. There are several types of operating systems such as MS-DOS, Windows 98, and Windows 2000, Windows NT, etc. Windows XP is the most updated operating system for today’s microcomputer users. Figure below shows the relationships among them.

计算机专业英语(霍洪涛)课件Chapter 4

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Unit 1 Operating System Structure
On the top of the operating system is the rest of the system software(p69RP1L1). 在操作系统上面就是其余的系统软件。 Finally, the system programs come the application programs. These programs are written by the users to solve their particular problems(p70L3). 最后是系统程序的应用程序。这些程序是用户写来解 决特定问题的。
exhaustive(p70P2L3) adj. 详尽的；彻底的 exhaustive search [计]穷举搜索 exhausting adj. 使人精疲力竭的 exhausted adj. 精疲力竭的
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Unit 1 Operating System Structure
1. Monolithic Systems The structure is that there is no structure. The operating system is written as a collection of procedures, each of which can call any of the other ones whenever it needs to(p70P3L2). 这个结构就是没有结构。这个操作系统被写成 程序的一个集合，每一个程序都能在需要的时 候调用其他的程序。
③Another advantage of the client-server model is its adaptability to use in distributed system(p72P1L1). 客户-服务器模式另一个优点就是使用在分布式 系统里面的适应性。

计算机专业英语实用教程 .ppt

代词：形容词和副词都有级的变化。用来代替名词、数词、短语或从句的词 叫代ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ。按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示 代词、反身代词、关系代词和不定代词等。
形容词及副词：形容词修饰名词，说明事物或人的性质或特征。副词主要用 来修饰动词、形容词、介词短语或其他副词。形容词和副词都有级的变化。 同等比较句型： 1）肯定句式：“A +谓语+ as +adj./adv.原级+ as + B”表示A与B一样。 2）否定句式：“A+谓语+not as(so)+adj./adv.原级+ as + B”表示A与B不同， 或A不如B。 比较级常用句型： 1）“A+谓语+adj./adv.比较级+ than +B”表示A比B更…… 2）“which is + adj./adv.比较级, A or B?”表示两者之间选择。 3）“adj./adv.比较级 + and + adj./adv.比较级”表示越来越……
including the keyboard, the mouse, and the scanner etc., output devices(See Figure 1-8～Figure 1-10)— including the monitor, the printer, the speakers etc., and secondary storage devices(See Figure1-11～Figure 1-13)— including
What is the Computer and the Internet?
Figure 1-1
Figure 1-2

计算机英语第五版课件05

Service users can pay for services according to their use rather than their provision. 服务 用户可根据服务的使用而不是服务的提供来为服务付费。
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面向服务的软件工程·语言点聚焦
Some computationally intensive processing and exception handling can be offloaded to external services. 一些计算密集型的处理和异常处理可以迁移到外部的服务上。 offload：v. 卸下，卸载 ➢ The cargo was due to be offloaded in Singapore. 货物定于在新加坡卸下。 ➢ Prices have been cut by developers anxious to offload unsold apartments. 开发商降价, 急于把尚未出售的公寓脱手。
Assuming these services conform to certain standards, organizations can create applications by integrating services from a range of providers. 假如这些服务符合某些特定 的标准，有关组织就能够通过集成一系列服务提供者提供的服务来创建应用。 assuming (that)：conj. 假定，假如 ➢ Assuming (that) it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 假定明天下雨，我们该做什么？ conform (to/with)：v. 遵照；一致，符合 ➢ conform to (或 with) the rules (the law) 遵守规则（法律）
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
6. The 1990s: the Internet Age In particular, the Java programming language rose to popularity because of its early integration with the Netscape Navigator web browser, and various scripting languages achieved widespread use in developing customized applications for web servers(p97L3). 特别是，Java编程语言因为早期和网景领航员 浏览器的集成流行起来。另外，多种多样的脚 本语言在为网络服务器开发定制化应用时得到 广泛应用。
force v.强迫，迫使 drive into 例句：The recession and hospital bills drove them into bankruptcy. 经济萧条和医院的账单逼得他们破产了。
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
3. The 1950s and 1960s-two key innovations A.The use of Backus-Naur Form(BNF) for describing the language’s syntax. Nearly all subsequent programming languages have used a variant of BNF to describe the contextfree portion of their syntax(p95Pr3P2). 使用巴科斯范式来描述语言的句法。几乎所有后 来的编程语言都使用了巴科斯范式的变体来描述 语法中与上下文无关的那部分。 syntax n.句法，语法 subsequent adj. 后来的，随后的 variant n.变体，变化 varied adj.各种各样的
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
merit(p96L4) 好处 n. its advantages or other good points. 例： They have been persuaded of the merits of peace. 他们已经被说服，认识到了和平的好处。 advantage 优势 n. a way in which one thing is better than another. 例： The great advantage of home-grown oranges is their magnificent flavour. 自产橙子的巨大优势是其极好的味道。
Layered Systems
Layer 0 dealt with…(p71P2L1) 0层处理进程的分配，在干扰发生或者计时器终止时在进程 件转换。 Layer 1 did …(p71P3L1) 1层是内存管理。 Layer 2 handled …(p71P3L1) 2层控制各进程和操作平台之间的通信。 Layer 3 took care of …(p71P2L2) 3层管理输入/输出设备以及进出的信息流缓冲。 Layer 4 was where … (p72L1) 4层放置的是用户程序。
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Review
The Structure of A Computer System
finally
on the top A major function of In machine language layer next comes at the bottom
the lowest layer
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Review
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
3. The 1950s and 1960s-two key innovations B. The introduction of lexical scoping for names in arbitrarily nested scopes(p95Pr3P2). 为任意嵌套作用域的命名引进了词法域 lexical adj.词法的 arbitrary adj.[数]任意的；武断的 arbitrary value 任意值 nest v.筑巢；[计]嵌套 scope n.范围；[计]作用域
…was located in layer 5 (p71L3).系统操作进程放在5层。
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
1. Prehistory Herman Hollerith realized that he could encode information on punch cards when he observed that railroad train conductors would encode the appearance of the ticket holders on the train tickets using the position of punched holes on the tickets(p94L2). 在看见检票员把乘客的外形通过穿孔的位置编码 在票上的时候，Hollerith意识到他可以把信息编 码在穿孔卡片上。
variable n.变量
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
portion n.部分 A portion of something is a part of it. 例：Damage was confined to a small portion of the castle. 城堡仅有一小部分受到了损坏。 proportion n.部分 A proportion of a group or an amount is a part of it. 例： A large proportion of the dolphins in that area will eventually die. 那个地区的很大一部分海豚最终会死。 part n.部分 A part of something is one of the pieces, sections, or elements that it consists of. 例： I like that part of Cape Town. 我喜欢开普敦的那个 地方。
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
1. Prehistory
The Turing machine was an abstraction of the operation of a tape-marking machine, for example, in use at the telephone companies(p94P2L4). 图灵机是一台磁带标记机器的操作的抽象，例如， 用在电讯公司。
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
4. 1967-1978: Establishing Fundamental Paradigms Although the debate raged hotly at the time, nearly all programmers now agree that, even in languages that provide GOTO, it is bad style to use it except in rare circumstances(p96P3L4). 尽管当时的辩论很激烈，现在几乎所有的程序员都同 意，就算是在提供了GOTO的语言，使用GOTO也是 不好的编程风格，也只有在极少的情况下才会使用。 paradigm n.范例 rage vi. 流行，风行；大怒，发怒 rare adj.稀有的，罕见的
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Unit 1 History of Programming Lan Nhomakorabeauage
5. The 1980s: Consolidation, Modules, Performance(p96Pr5) 3. The 1980s also brought advances in programming language implementation. 20世纪80年代也带来了程序语言实施方面的发 展。
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
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Unit 1 History of Programming Language
albeit(p94RL4) conj. 虽然；即使 introduce a fact or comment that reduces the force or significance of what you have just said. 例： Charles's letter was indeed published, albeit in a somewhat abbreviated form. 查尔斯的信确实被刊登了出来，尽管有些删节。 though conj.虽然 introduce a statement in a subordinate clause which contrasts with the statement in the main clause. 例： Everything I told them was correct, though I forgot a few things. 我告诉他们的全部正确，尽管我忘了几件事。
Chapter 5 Programming Language