山东济宁汶上一中高三英语12月月考试题

2024届山东省潍坊市高三上学期12月普通高中学科素养能力测评英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、阅读选择Wondering what to watch this week? We have you covered. This list includes some of the best and most exciting movies you are hungering for right now.The Super Mario Bros. MovieThe most popular movie this week is the animated adventures of Super Mario. Based on the iconic video game from Nintendo, this movie features an all-star cast led by Chris Pratt and Anya Taylor-Joy. The Super Mario Bros. Movie has been a critical and commercial hit and is definitely one of the must-see movies this year.You can stream the movie on Apple TV+.InterstellarThis complex philosophical science fiction movie is one of Christopher Nolan’s best-loved movies. Telling the story of a group of astronauts searching for a new home for humanity, the film is a moving meditation on fatherhood, science, faith, and perseverance. It is regarded as one of the best science fiction films of all time.Interstellar can be streamed on Amazon Prime Video and Apple TV+ among others. Transformers: Rise of the BeastsThe seventh installment of the Transformers is a huge hit on streaming. The action-packed science fiction movie based on Hasbro toys has an impressive cast. Rise of the Beasts is set in 1994, so expect some throwback 90s references and incredible sci-fi action sequences from this thrilling Transformers movie.It can be streamed on Paramount+ and Apple TV+.Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3The final movie in the Guardians of the Galaxy series brings the trilogy to an emotional close with a heartfelt goodbye to the characters. This final chapter has been one of the biggest movies of the year and is directed by superhero movie master James Gunn. Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3 features an incredible cast that includes Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, etc. As an important part of Phase Five of the MCU, it is not one to be missed.The film is available to stream on Disney+.1．Which film is closely related to mankind’s fate?A．The Super Mario Bros. Movie.B．Interstellar.C．Transformers: Rise of the Beasts.D．Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3. 2．What do we know about Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3?A．It is directed by Chris Pratt.B．It is the best movie of the year.C．It strikes viewers’ heartstrings.D．It contains five chapters altogether. 3．What do the four movies have in common?A．Big names star in them.B．They are accessible online.C．They belong to movie series.D．Shooting methods are similar.When it comes to providing energy to the masses, Greg Hazle’s experience is deep. Before his retirement in 2017, his extensive corporate career spanned public service, independent energy, mining and construction materials industries. He has held roles in corporate finance and also put his training in engineering to work and helped design power projects throughout the United States and Latin America.Outside of his high-powered career, Hazle always found ways to give back. And, sometimes, others plotted those ways for him. In 2014, a board member from Boca Helping Hands (BHH) , local nonprofit, saw Hazle sing at the church they both attended. He asked around about Hazle and thought he’d be a good addition to the nonprofit’s board of trustees.“All of this was happening without me knowing,” Hazle smiled. But once Hazle learned about the nonprofit’s work, he was onboard. BHH is a community-based nonprofit in Boca Raton, Florida, which provides food, medical, financial, and job-training assistance to help people meet their basic needs and become self-sufficient.Despite his success in corporate America, Hazle always remembered his days growing up in Jamaica, when he had seen the impact of poverty, homelessness, and hunger around him. While he lived in a place that had such a reputation for wealth and self-indulgence (放纵), he was sharply aware that there were people around him — even in a place like Boca Raton — who needed help. Over the next few years, Hazle became involved in many aspects of the organization.Hazle’s preparing for his retirement at age 60 was co-occurrent with the managing director of BHH leaving around. Hazle agreed to step in and run the organization as a temporary leader with the condition that a search firm would be kept to find a new leader.“Obviously, that’s not how it turned out,” he said.Since then, Hazle has accepted the role wholeheartedly. He feels a renewed sense of purpose in his role, which suits his personality and passions more than others he has held. “So, it just felt like a privilege that I was given this opportunity and late in my career to do what I consider to be more meaningful work than generating returns for shareholders.”4．What do we know about Hazle from the first two paragraphs?A．He is a natural musician.B．He balances work and life well.C．He sponsors churches financially.D．He is influential in many circles. 5．Why does the author talk about Hazle’s life in Jamaica?A．To recall his miserable days there.B．To highlight his current superior life.C．To justify his joining the organization.D．To introduce the motive for his success. 6．What do Hazle’s words in paragraph 5 imply?A．Take things as they are.B．In the end things will mend.C．Good things never come easy.D．Misfortune may be a blessing. 7．Which of the following best describes Hazle?A．Devoted and wise.B．Optimistic and energetic.C．Tough and generous.D．Sympathetic and responsible.In recent years, lots of American companies have gotten behind a potential climate solution called carbon capture and storage, and the government has backed it with billions of dollars in tax preferences and direct investments. The idea is to trap planet-heating carbon dioxide from the smokestacks of factories and power plants and ship it to sites via thousands of miles of new pipelines. Communities nationwide are pushing back against these pipeline construction and underground sites, arguing they don’t want the pollution running through their land.Now the U. S. Forest Service is proposing to change a rule to allow storing this carbon dioxide pollution under the country’s national forests and grasslands. “Authorizing carbon capture and storage on National Forest System (NFS) lands would support the Administration’s goal to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 50 percent below the 2005 levels by 2030,” the proposed rule change says.Some experts, like June Sekera, a research fellow with Boston University, question the timing of the proposed rule change, given community pushback across the country topipelines planned on private land. Yet she says the Forest Service proposal to open up national parks for CO2 storage is “an end run around local towns and counties. And it’s a much simpler and way less expensive route.”In an email, Scott Owen, press officer for the Forest Service, writes that the proposed rule change would allow the Forest Service to consider proposals for carbon capture and storage projects. He writes that any proposals must still pass through a secondary screening, adding, “The Forest Service has been ‘screening’ proposals for use of NFS lands for over 20 years as a means to be increasingly consistent in our processes and also be able to reject those uses that are inconsistent with the management of the public’s land. ” He notes the Forest Service currently does not have any carbon capture project proposals under consideration. The Forest Service has opened public comments on the proposed rule change until Jan. 2, 2024.8．What does the Forest Service intend to do by changing a rule?A．Answer the appeals of communities.B．Provide legal space for carbon storage.C．Enlarge national pipeline storage capacity.D．Loosen tax burden on American companies.9．What does the underlined phrase “an end run” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．An eventful act.B．A desperate try.C．An alternative way.D．A breathtaking race.10．What can we infer about carbon capture project from the last paragraph?A．It is still up in the air.B．It is dead in the water.C．It is widely recognized.D．It is far from satisfactory.11．What does the text mainly talk about?A．A fruitful research.B．A timely rule change.C．An authorized project.D．A controversial proposal.Nowadays, people are increasingly interacting with others in social media environments where algorithms control the flow of social information they see. People’s interactions with online algorithms may affect how they learn from others, with negative consequences including social misperceptions, conflict and the spread of misinformation.On social media platforms, algorithms are mainly designed to amplify (放大) information that sustains engagement, meaning they keep people clicking on content andcoming back to the platforms. There is evidence suggesting that a side effect of this design is that algorithms amplify information people are strongly biased (偏向的) to learn from. We call this information “PRIME”, for prestigious, in-group, moral and emotional information.In our evolutionary past, biases to learn from PRIME information were very advantageous: Learning from prestigious individuals is efficient because these people are successful and their behavior can be copied. Paying attention to people who violate moral norms is important because punishing them helps the community maintain cooperation. But what happens when PRIME information becomes amplified by algorithms and some people exploit (利用) algorithm amplification to promote themselves? Prestige becomes a poor signal of success because people can fake prestige on social media. News become filled with negative and moral information so that there is conflict rather than cooperation.The interaction of human psychology and algorithm amplification leads to disfunction because social learning supports cooperation and problem-solving, but social media algorithms are designed to increase engagement. We call it functional mismatch. One of the key outcomes of functional mismatch is that people start to form incorrect perceptions of their social world, which often occurs in the field of politics. Recent research suggests that when algorithms selectively amplify more extreme political views, people begin to think that their political in-group and out-group are more sharply divided than they really are. Such “false polarization” might be an important source of greater political conflict.So what’s next? A key question is what can be done to make algorithms facilitate accurate human social learning rather than exploit social learning biases. Some research team is working on new algorithm designs that increase engagement while also punishing PRIME information. This may maintain user activity that social media platforms seek, but also make people’s social perceptions more accurate.12．What are social media algorithms targeted at?A．Improving social environment.B．Generating PRIME information.C．Avoiding side effects of social media.D．Raising the media platform click rate. 13．Why does the author refer to “false polarization” in paragraph 4?A．To make an assumption.B．To illustrate a conclusion.C．To explain a political issue.D．To present an extreme case. 14．According to the author, algorithms will be improved so as to ________.A．boost engagement and regulate amplificationB．strengthen social learning and delete biasesC．identify biases and punish PRIME informationD．monitor media platforms and guarantee users’ privacy15．What is the best title of the text?A．PRIME information meets with misperceptionsB．Algorithms control the flow of social informationC．Social media algorithms twist human social learningD．Online algorithm designs face unexpected challengesStudies have shown that students attain more information when reading a hard-copybooks more easily, as teachers there put it. Although e-books offer various navigation tools, physical books’ ease of use is irreplaceable. Turning pages is still the best way to read.Fans of digital books may point out that e-readers have a handy “search” tool. Old-fashioned books also have a search function, in which you turn back to the opening chapter to remind yourself of the hero’s surname. They even have a “bookmark system”, which uses a device called a “bookmark”. 17 By simply turning the page, you can see new information.Electronic books offer footnote capabilities, but so do traditional books. Using a “pencil” — a favorite tool of schoolkids worldwide — you can mark important passages. This allows you to highlight significant quotes or add your own insights. The absence of a built-in pencil doesn’t mean you can’t footnote a printed book. 18 You can use a highlighter, write in the margin (页边) , or — if you’re feeling really adventurous — use a ruler to create your own “book edge” notes.19 Rarely do we get the same “new book smell” from an e-reader as we do froma freshly printed book. The concrete experience of physically turning pages and feeling the weight of a book in your hands cannot be matched by an e-reader. Actually they make excellent companions during leisure break.In conclusion, printed books have triumphed over e-books because they offer an unparalleled reading experience. The ease of use, the emotional connection, and the ability to footnote all contribute to making printed books the preferred choice for many readers. 20 A．You need to be more creative.B．You can use smart tools as you like.C．There’s still no substitute for the traditional book.D．Traditional books also excel at stirring up feelings.E．In response, one school in Australia abandoned its e-readers entirely.F．Furthermore, the ability to dog-ear pages is a bonus of physical books.G．A “progress bar” indicates what percentage of the e-book has been read.二、完形填空In 2014, Xu Yitang, a student at the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts, saw25．A．tough B．smooth C．delicate D．impressive 26．A．benefits B．requirements C．expenses D．responses 27．A．reminded B．informed C．warned D．convinced 28．A．shelters B．partners C．opportunities D．services 29．A．Somehow B．Nevertheless C．Therefore D．Unfortunately 30．A．extinction B．variation C．decline D．expansion 31．A．responsibility B．relief C．achievement D．belonging 32．A．consults with B．applies for C．seeks out D．acts as 33．A．find out B．note down C．show off D．speed up 34．A．revised B．contributed C．announced D．featured 35．A．assess B．follow C．relate D．invent三、语法填空阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

2021届济宁市第一中学高三英语月考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AThailand is a country with a long and rich history. It is also one of those countries which have many traditions which modern times fortunately have not affected. Thailand is famous for its unique culture. It is well worth noting that Thai culture hasbeen handed down from one generation to the next.Thai Classical DanceThe inspiring culture includes local music and wonderful Thai dances. The dances of course have something to do with its deep-rooted Buddhist religion, fighting arts and beautiful clothing. Thai classical dance performances are generally performed by gracious (高雅的) Thai ladies wearing beautiful Thai local costumes. Most resort (旅游胜地) areas and many hotels frequently offer these Thai culture dance shows for foreign visitors.Thai GreetingThe unique Thai gesture of greeting another person, the wai, is especiallyone of the great aspects of Thai culture. The wai is when a person joins both hands to either head or chest level while bending their head slightly towards his hands. This way of greeting is especially done when a younger person greets an older person and it indicates a sign of respect to their elders. Employees would also wai their managers even if the manager would be younger than themselves.BangkokBangkok is the culture center of Thailand and has been the Thai capital since the end of the eighteenth century. Observing Thai culture in Bangkok can be great experience as the combination of modern times and traditions have created a kind of unique atmosphere. Bangkok offers a package of Thai culture which is shown by numerous beautiful Buddhist temples and many examples of modern Thai architecture.Bangkok National MuseumAnother location in Bangkok where one can enjoy and see Thai culture is at the famed Bangkok national museum, which offers tourists an opportunity to view national treasures and unique Thai art pieces with its culture feature dating back as early as the late sixteenth century.1.Thai classical dance is related to ________.A.its living level and educationB.its history and architectural styleC.its customsD.its religious belief2.In Thailand a worker uses the gesture, the wai , to greet________.A.his close friend.B.a young stranger.C.his younger colleagues.D.his young boss.3.What make Thai culture in Bangkok so unique?A.The long history and fine weather of Bangkok.B.The mixture of the modern culture and traditions.C.A number of beautiful Thai Buddhist templesD.Many examples of modern Thai architecture.BSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.4. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.5. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.6. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.7. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerCThere are three of us in the laboratory: Jules, me and Dr. Leonards. Leonards asks me to sit in front of Jules. As I do, he looks me in the eye and starts to move his face through a series of emotions-happy, confused, surprised, glaring. I'm attracted by his display, feeling delight when hegrinsand feeling serious when his eyes narrow angrily. None of this would be a surprise, of course, if Jules were a human. But he's a robot head on a table.The most special thing is that, consciously(有意识地), there's no mistaking Jules for a real person. Although he has surprisingly realistic skin, his eyes don't fit firmly against his lids, and he has a terrible hairpiece. Yet, as I walk into the room, I experience a complex worry of feeling in his direction. It's not at all like entering an empty space. It's a bit awkward for Jules’ shining false hair. Some unconscious part of me is responding to him as if he's real. This matters, because if we're to one day live comfortably along with robots , an understanding of how we instinctively(本能地) react to them is significant. The study of these issues is the frontier of a new scientific research; human-robot interaction.Jules was built as part of an attempt to understand the emotions that can be communicated by a human. “All the robots we'vebuilt so far don't have that rich emotions. We wanted to build a robotic face, with small motors that mimic(模仿) all the muscles you have, so we could discover what it could express. "Such research is becoming increasingly important, says Dr. Leonards, partly because our rapidly ageing population will soon need the help of robots with which they can effortlessly interact.8. What does the author think of Jules?A. He ignored him in his place.B. He didn't treat him as only a robot.C. He was afraid of his being there.D. He mistook him for a real person.9. What is the purpose to build such a robot?A. To help humans of old ages.B. To carry out a scientific research.C. To take the place of human labour.D. To make an interaction with human.10. What doesthe underlined word “grins” mean in Paragraph1?A. Smiles.B. Shakes.C. Worries.D. Cries.11. What may be the best title for the text?A. Human And RobotB. Success Of Making A RobotC. Robot Will Replace ManD. Difference Between Man And RobotDBlood donations save lives. But blood can only be stored under refrigeration (冷藏) for up to six weeks. After that, it’s no longer usable for transfusions(输血).“Because of that limitation, people have to continually donate blood to meet the needs. But also, in places where refrigeration may not be available, that can also bea challenge. It’s difficult to have blood available when needed.”UniversityofLouisvillebioengineer Jonathan Kopechek says. He also says disruptions to regular blood donations due to COVID-19 have put stress on the blood supply, and COVID-19 strengthens the need for more reliable long-term storage methods.But it’s pretty rare because of all the challenges and complexities with that process. Instead Kopechek’s team has developed a method of preserving blood so it can be stored in a dehydrated(脱水的) state at room temperature. To do so, they turned to an unusual preservative(防腐剂): a sugar called trehalose, which is a common ingredient(成分) in donuts（甜甜圈）to help make them look fresh even when they might be months old, and people wouldn’t know the difference.At that point, the blood could be dried and made into a powder(粉末). And then we can rehydrate(再水化) the blood and have it return back to normal. The team is still trying to improve yields but thinks the dried blood could be stored at room temperature for years. Kopechek says the technique could be ready for clinical trials in three to five years. If successful, itcould be used to create stores of dried blood in case of future pandemics or natural disasters, and for first aid work, military operations or even missions to Mars. Maybe first aid kits on the Red Planet will include dried red blood cells.12. Why we need a more reliable method to preserve blood?A. Refrigeration can’t be afforded.B. The cost to store blood is very high.C. People can’t donate their blood for COVID-19.D. Blood can only be stored under refrigeration for a short time.13. What makes the food or blood look fresh?A. Trehalose.B. Donuts.C. Powder.D. The new technique.14. What can we know about the technique?A. It is successful now.B. It has been put into use.C. It will be widely used.D. It has been researched for 3 to 4 years.15. What is the text mainly about?A. How to store blood.B. Shortage of refrigeration .C. A new technique of storing blood.D. A new technique used in many fields.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2024届山东省潍坊市高三上学期12月普通高中学科素养能力测评英语试题(4)一、听力选择题1. What does the woman mean?A．They should have tried together.B．She is happy to see the progress.C．The man should keep his promise.2. Where are the two speakers?A．In a museum.B．In a restaurant.C．In a park.3. 听下面句子。

从所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出你所听到的单词或短语。

A．precise B．previous C．precious4. Why does the woman apologize to the man?A．She lost his bags.B．She ran into him.C．She forgot his name.5. What will the woman get?A．Carpet cleaner.B．A paper towel.C．A glass of wine.二、听力选择题6. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

1. What time is it now?A．Seven thirty.B．Seven forty.C．Seven fifty.2. What did Sylvia do that morning?A．She took a quick shower.B．She turned off the alarm.C．She slept through the alarm.3. Which of the following shows Sylvia’s absent-mindedness?A．She was late for school.B．She bought a clock telling dates.C．She hurried to school on the weekend.7. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

2021年济宁市汶上县第一中学高三英语模拟试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOlder adults who sleep six hours or fewer a night may have elevated risk for dementia(痴呆症) and other cognitive (认知的) issues, a new study finds.Researchers at Stanford University measured seniors' (ages 65 to 85) dementia risk and cognitive abilities, finding higher risk in those patients who regularly slept six or fewer hours compared to those who slept seven or eight hours. Those seniors who slept nine or more hours also had lower cognitive functions and other health issues, but the researchers didn't find the same high dementia risk in this group.The findings demonstrate how important it is for adults to maintain a healthy sleep cycle, especially as they get older.As adults age, it's common for their sleep patterns to change or becomedisrupted— leading to longer, shorter, or more irregular sleep. This disruption may be linked to Alzheimer's and other forms of dementia, impacting seniors' ability to remember information, problem-solve, and go through everyday behaviors. Sleep disruption can also be caused by or heighten depression, cardiovascular disease（冠心病）, and other conditions.A recommended sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours, the researchers said. Six or fewer hours corresponded to short sleep, while nine or more hours corresponded to long sleep.The Stanford researchers measured levels of beta amyloid, a protein in the brain that is typically found in high levels when a patient develops Alzheimer's. In addition, the researchers used several tests for memory, attention, spatial skills, and executive function to identify patients' cognitive abilities. Those patients sleeping for six hours or fewer a night were more likely to develop dementia, the researchers found. The low-sleep patients had higher levels of beta amyloid.The Stanford researchers found that patients with lower sleep also performed worse on memory tests, while those with higher sleep (more hours) performed worse on executive function tests，which measure the brain's ability to switch between different tasks.―The main takeaway is that it is important to maintain healthy sleep late in life, Winer told CNN.1. What does the underlined word “disrupted” in paragraph 4 mean?A. difficultB. disorderedC. dissolvedD. different2. According to the findings, which of the following is NOT related to the disrupted sleep?A. It is more likely to cause old people to have bad memories over issues.B. It may contribute to dementia, cardiovascular disease and other illnesses.C. Some daily behaviors perhaps differ from those whose sleeping is normal.D It tends to bring all the old people to undergo brain scans and cognitive tests.3. What can we infer from the study?A. A proper sleep time for seniors is seven to eight hours.B. Low and high sleep patients were both poor at memory tests.C. Executive function test is applied to measure the capacity of brain.D. Keeping a healthy sleep for older adults late in life is crucial.BWe interviewed two people, one who went from the country to the city and one who did the opposite.Janet Lincoln is a salesgirl who moved to St. Louisfive years ago. Here’s what Janet told us:“Five years ago I used to live in a small town called Lemon Falls. I grew up and went to high school there. After I graduated I worked in a supermarket. Lemon Falls had a population of about 800 people, and I knew every single one of them. They all knew everything about me, too. You couldn’t do anything without everyone in town knowing about it. The first chance I got I moved to St. Louis and I love it. I don’t know as many people now as I used to, but that’s OK. I have a few good friends, and I see them when I want to. I kind of like beinganonymous. I’d never go back to Lemon Falls.”Troy Henson had the opposite experience. He and his wife, Darla, and their two children moved from St. Louis to Bloomfield three years ago. Here’s what Troy told us:“The best thing we ever did was get out of St. Louis. Don’t get me wrong; St. Louis is as good a place as any other city, I suppose — if you like cities, that is. We don’t. Both Darla and I grew up in St. Louis. We met at college and got married. Then the kids came along and life got difficult. We didn’t know any of our neighbors. We both had good jobs, but it always seemed like there was never enough money. That all changed when we moved to Bloomfield. I don’t make as much money as I used to, but then we don’t have as many expenses as we did. We know our neighbors. Life is good. We’d never leave Bloomfield.”4. What troubled Janet when she was in Lemon Falls?A. She had no friends.B. There was no privacy.C. There was a lot of competition.D. She couldn’t find a well-paid job.5. What does the underlined word “anonymous” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Alone.B. Prepared.C. Sociable.D. Unknown.6. Different from Janet, Troy ________.A. prefers country lifeB. moved to a bigger cityC. grew up in a smaller townD. knows little about his new neighbors7. What is Troy’s opinion on living in Bloomfield?A. It is a little boring.B. It is quite comfortable.C. It costs a lot of money.D. It creates a safe environment.CScientists have long sought to prevent sharp memories from dulling with age, but the problem remains unsettled. Now research published in Scientific Reports suggests virtual reality might help older people recall facts and events based on specific details.The study involved 42 healthy older adults from the San Francisco Bay Area. Half spent a dozen hours over four weeks playing a virtual-reality game called Labyrinth; they wore headsets and walked in place, walking virtual neighborhoods while completing small tasks. The other half, in the control group, used electronic tablets to play games that did not require recalling details. After 15 sessions (期), the latter performed roughly the same as before on a long-term memory test. But the Labyrinth players gain an improvement in memory through the VR game. A scientist Peter Wais of the University of California said the improvements brought them up to the level of another group of younger adults taking the same memory tests.Meredith Thompson, an education researcher, studies learning through VR games but was not involved in the new study. It would be great to actually follow people over time and see what this type of game does for long-term memory. She says, adding VR can provide greater involvement than other games. Wais's team is now investigating how long the observed effects last and which elements of the training have the most impact.A cognitive (认知)psychologist, Daniel Simons, who was also not involved in the study, notes experiments with other games that claim to train the brain have often failed to evaluate this. And it remains unclear how test performance in a laboratorysetting might translate to real-world situations. The outcome, Simons notes, “needs to be repeated, ideally with a much larger group, before it’s treated as a strong finding.”For now, Wais says, the team hopes its studies with similar-sized groups will help draw funding to test the game in a larger pool of participants.8. What is the passage mainly about?A. People's memory gradually fails as they age.B. People of different ages should play VR games.C. Virtual reality changes people's memory.D. Virtual reality improves older adults' memory.9. What is Meredith Thompson's attitude toward the research?A. satisfied.B. enthusiastic.C. cautious.D. concerned.10. According to the scientists, the research needs to be improved due to ________.A. the lack of financial support.B. the limited pool of participants.C. the unsatisfying test performance.D. the impractical application in real world.11. Where may the passage come from?A. A novel.B. A review.C. A magazine.D. A guidebook.DThermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions, like a free lunch. But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use. Now, researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well. The work could pave the way for greener car engines, and other energy-generating devices.“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,” says Li-Dong Zhao, a materials scientist. He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing. However, he says, “This will be used in the not too far future.”Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface. That gives them a hot side and a cool side. If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side, the electricity stops flowing. A device’s success at preventing this, as well as its ability to conduct electrons, feeds into a score known as the figure of merit, or ZT.Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs. The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1. Yet the material was too fragile to work with. “For practical applications, it’s a non-star-ter,” Kanatzidis says.Getting through that door will still take some time. The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na, creating a “p-type” material that conducts positive charges. To make working devices, researchers also need an“n-type” version to conduct negative charges.Zhao’s team is now working on making an n-type version. Once successful, researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors. Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65% of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat.12. The first paragraph wants to tell us________.A. The wide use of thermoelectric generatorsB. The devices of current thermoelectric generatorsC. The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectricsD. The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection13. How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?A. Indifferent.B. Optimistic.C. Critical.D. Worried.14. What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5?A. It was far from a success for practical applications.B. A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with.C. Researchers made an “n-type” version to make working devicesD. A “p-type” material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges15. What does the underlined word “scavenge” in the last paragraph mean?A. Recycle.B. Produce.C. Clean.D. Increase.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。