四级模拟

大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。

四级模拟考试题库及答案一、听力部分1. A) The man is going to the cinema.B) The woman is going to the cinema.C) Both are going to the cinema.D) Neither is going to the cinema.答案：C2. A) The woman is a teacher.B) The man is a teacher.C) The woman is a student.D) The man is a student.答案：A3. A) The woman is satisfied with the meal.B) The man is satisfied with the meal.C) Both are satisfied with the meal.D) Neither is satisfied with the meal.答案：D二、阅读部分1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The importance of sleep.B) The effects of sleep deprivation.C) The benefits of taking a nap.D) The relationship between sleep and health.答案：B2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a symptom of sleep deprivation?A) Difficulty in concentrating.B) Increased appetite.C) Irritability.D) Enhanced creativity.答案：D3. What does the author suggest to improve sleep quality?A) Exercising regularly.B) Drinking coffee before bedtime.C) Watching TV in bed.D) Taking a hot bath before sleep.答案：A三、写作部分1. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Role of Technology in Education". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：略2. Directions: Write an essay on the topic of "The Impact of Social Media on Communication". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.答案：略四、翻译部分1. 随着科技的发展，人们的生活方式发生了巨大的变化。

大学英语四级模拟试卷一及参考答案Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Choosing an Occupation. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 选择职业是一个人要面对的众多难题之一。

2. 需要花时间去选择职业。

3. 选择职业时可以向多人寻求建议和帮助。

Choosing an OccupationPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked［A］,［B］,［C］and ［D］. For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Will We Run Out of Water?Picture a “ghost ship” sinking into the sand, left to rot on dry land by a receding sea. Then imagine dust storms sweeping up toxic pesticides and chemical fertilizers from the dry seabed and spewing them across towns and villages.Seem like a scene from a movie about the end of the world? For people living near the Aral Sea in Central Asia, it’s all too real. Thirty years ago, government planners diverted the rivers that flow into the sea in order to irrigate(provide water for)farmland. As a result, the sea has shrunk to half its original size, stranding ships on dry land. The seawater has tripled in salt content and become polluted, killing all 24 native species of fish.Similar large-scale efforts to redirect water in other parts of the world have also ended in ecological crisis, according to numerous environmental groups. But many countries continue to build massive dams and irrigation systems, even though such projects can create more problems than they fix. Why? People in many parts of the world are desperate for water, and more people will need more water in the nextcentury.“Growing populations will worsen problems with water,” says Peter H. Gleick, an environmental scientist at the Pacific Institute for studies in Development, Environment, and Security, a research organization in California. Hefears that by the year 2025, as many as one third of the world’s projected 8.3 billion people will suffer from water shortages.Where Water GoesOnly 2.5 percent of all water on Earth is freshwater, water suitable for drinking and growing food, says Sandra Postel, director of the Global Water Policy Project in Amherst, Mass. Two-thirds of this freshwater is locked in glaciers and ice caps.In fact, only a tiny percentage of freshwater is part of the water cycle, in which water evaporates and rises into the atmosphere, then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation(rain or snow).Some precipitation runs off land to lakes and oceans, and some becomes groundwater, water that seeps into the earth. Much of this renewable freshwater ends up in remote places like the Amazon river basin in Brazil, where few people live.In fact, the world’s population has access to only 12,500 cubic kilometers of freshwater—about the amount of water in Lake Superior. And people use half of this amount already. “If water demand continues to climb rapidly,” says Postel, “t here will be severe shortages and damage to the aquatic environment.”Close to HomeWater woes may seem remote to people living in rich countries like the United States. But Americans could face serious water shortages, too especially in areas that rely on groundwater. Groundwater accumulates in aquifers, layers of sand and gravel that lie between soil and bedrock. (For every liter of surface water, more than 90 liters are hidden underground.)Although the United States has large aquifers, farmers, ranchers, and cities are tapping many of them for water faster than nature can replenish it. In northwest Texas, for example, over pumping has shrunk groundwater supplies by 25 percent, according to Postel.Americans may face even more urgent problems from pollution. Drinking water in the United States is generally safe and meets high standards. Nevertheless, one in five Americans every day unknowingly drinks tap water contaminated with bacteria and chemical wastes, according to the Environmental Protection Agency. In Milwaukee, 400,000 people fell ill in 1993 after drinking tap water tainted with cryptosporidium, a microbe that causes fever, diarrhea and vomiting.The SourceWhere do contaminants come from? In developing countries, people dump raw sewage into the same streams and rivers from which they draw water for drinking and cooking; about 250 millionpeople a year get sick from water borne diseases.In developed countries, manufacturers use 100,000 chemical compounds to make a wide range of products. Toxic chemicals pollute water when released untreated into rivers and lakes. (Certain compounds, such as polychlorinated biphenyls, or PCBs, have been banned in the United States.)But almost everyone contributes to water pollution. People often pour household cleaners, car antifreeze, and paint thinners down the drain; all of these contain hazardous chemicals. Scientists studying water in the San Francisco Bay reported in 1996 that 70 percent of the pollutants could be traced to household waste.Farmers have been criticized for overusing herbicides and pesticides, chemicals that kill weeds and insects but that pollute water as well. Farmers also use nitrates, nitrogen-rich fertilizer that help plants grow but that can wreak havoc on the environment. Nitrates are swept away by surface runoff to lakes and seas. Too many nitrates “over enrich” these bodies of water, encouraging the buildup of algae, or microscopic plants that live on the surface of the water. Algae deprive the water of oxygen that fish need to survive, at times choking off life in an entire body of water.What’s the Solution?Water expert Gleick advocates conservation and local solutions to water-related problems; governments, for instance, would be better off building small-scale dams rather than huge and disruptive projects like the one that ruined the Aral Sea. “More than 1 billion people worldwide don’t have access to basic clean drinking water,” says Gleick. “There has to be a strong push on the part of everyone—governments and ordinary people—to make sure we have a resource so fundamental to life.”1.What caused the Aral Sea to shrink?［A］The rivers flowing into it have been diverted.［B］Farmers used its water to irrigate their farmland.［C］Government planners over-pumped its water.［D］High temperature made its water badly evaporate.2.The construction of massive dams and irrigation projects .［A］does more good than harm［B］solves more problems than what they created［C］does more harm than good［D］brings more water to people than expected3.The chief causes of water shortage include .［A］population growth and water waste［B］water pollution and dry weather［C］water waste and pollution［D］population growth and water pollution4.Americans could suffer from greatly serious water shortages?［A］living in rich areas［B］living in big cities but poor condition［C］depending on groundwater［D］bearing high standards of safe drinking water in mind5.What is the main pollutant in developed countries?［A］Untreated toxic chemicals from manufacturers.［B］Raw sewage into rivers and streams.［C］Herbicides and pesticides used by farmers.［D］Household cleaners poured down the drain.6.How does algae make threats to life of a body of water?［A］By covering the whole surface of the water.［B］By competitively using oxygen life in water needs.［C］By living more rapidly than other life in water .［D］By releasing hazardous chemicals into water.7.According to Gleick, who should be responsible for solving water-related problems?［A］government and housewives.［B］farmers and manufacturers.［C］ordinary people and manufacturers.［D］government and every person.8. According to Peter H. Gleick, by the year 2025, as many as of the world’s people will suffer from water shortages.9.Two thirds of the freshwater on Earth is locked in.10.In developed countries, before toxic chemicals are released into rivers and lakes, they should be treated in order to avoid.Part III Listening Comprehension(35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］,［B］,［C］and［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.［A］Wait for the sale to start.［B］Get further information about the sale.［C］Call the TV station to be sure if the ad is true.［D］Buy a new suit.12.［A］He doesn’t think that John is ill.［B］He thinks that perhaps John is not in very good health.［C］He is aware that John is ill.［D］He doesn’t think that John has a very good knowledge of physics.13.［A］Before six.［B］At six.［C］After six.［D］After seven.14.［A］It is bigger.［B］It has a prettier color.［C］It has a larger yard.［D］It is brighter.15.［A］Australian and American.［B］Guest and host.［C］Husband and wife.［D］Professor and student.16.［A］1∶30.［B］11∶00.［C］9∶30.［D］10∶00.17.［A］He prefers staying at home because the bus is too late. ［B］He prefers staying at home because he doesn’t like to travel.［C］He prefers taking a bus because the plane makes him nervous.［D］He prefers traveling with the woman.18.［A］He thinks she should visit her cousin. ［B］Her cousin doesn’t visit very often.［C］Her cousin is feeling a lot better today.［D］He doesn’t think her cousin has been at home today.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.［A］Two different types of bones in the human body.［B］How bones help the body move.［C］How bones continuously repair themselves.［D］The chemical composition of human bones.20.［A］They defend the bone against viruses.［B］They prevent oxygen from entering the bone.［C］They break down bone tissue.［D］They connect the bone to muscle tissue.21.［A］They have difficulty identifying these cells.［B］They aren’t sure how these cells work.［C］They’ve learned how to reproduce these cells.［D］They’ve found similar cells in other species.22.［A］To learn how to prevent a bone disease.［B］To understand differences between bone tissue and other tissue.［C］To find out how specialized bone cells have evolved.［D］To create artificial bone tissue.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.［A］A new fuel for buses.［B］The causes of air pollution.［C］A way to improve fuel efficiency in buses.［D］Careers in environmental engineering.24.［A］Her car is being repaired. ［B］She wants to help reduce pollution.［C］Parking is difficult in the city.［D］The cost of fuel has increased.25.［A］A fuel that burns cleanly.［B］An oil additive that helps cool engines.［C］A material from which filters are made.［D］An insulating material sprayed on engine partsSection BDirections:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.［A］From three to five months.［B］Three months. ［C］Five months.［D］Four months.27.［A］Watch traffic.［B］Obey commands.［C］Cross streets safely.［D］Guard the door.28.［A］Three weeks. ［B］Two weeks. ［C］Four weeks. ［D］Five weeks.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.［A］Two to four times.［B］Four to six times.［C］Four to eight times.［D］Six to ten times.30.［A］Sleeping pills made people go into REM sleep quickly.［B］People had more dreams after they took sleeping pills.［C］People became angry easily because they didn’t take sleeping pills.［D］Sleeping pills prevented people from going into REM sleep.31.［A］People dream so as to sleep better.［B］People dream in order not to go into REM sleep.［C］Because they may run into difficult problems in their dreams.［D］Because in their dreams they may find the answers to their problems.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.［A］A sales representative.［B］A store manager.［C］A committee chairperson.［D］A class president.33.［A］To determine who will graduate this year.［B］To discuss the seating arrangement.［C］To choose the chairperson of the ceremonies.［D］To begin planning the graduation ceremonies.34.［A］Their names, phone numbers and job preference.［B］The names and addresses of their guests.［C］The names of the committee they worked on last year.［D］Their dormitory name, address and phone number.35.［A］In an hour.［B］Next week.［C］In one month.［D］Next year.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.In the English (36)system, students take three very important examinations. The first is the eleven-plus, which is (37) at the age of eleven or a little past. At one time the (38)or (39) shown on the eleven-plus would have (40)if a child stayed in school. Now, however, all children continue in (41) schools, and the eleven-plus determines which courses of study the child will follow. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, the students are (42)for the Ordinary (43)of the General Certificate of Education. (44). Once students have passed this exam, they are allowed to specialize, so that two thirds or more of their courses will be in physics, chemistry, classical languages, or whatever they wish to study at greater length. (45). Evenat the universities, students study only in their concentrated area, and very few students ever venture out-side that subject again. (46).Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking placeswere51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car drivingcustomers52 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls,53 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54areas to outlying malls. And the growing55of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 56 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.［A］designed ［F］convenience ［K］cosmetics［B］take ［G］services ［L］started［C］heart ［H］fame ［M］downtown［D］needed ［I］various ［N］available ［C］though ［H］popularity ［M］cheapnessSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace. This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables: language, religion, values and attitudes, manners and customs, aesthetics, technology, education, and social institutions. To cope with this system, an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture. To some extent, the factual knowledge can be learned; its interpretation comes only through experience.The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment stem from the fact that one cannot learn culture—one has to live it. Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity. One is that business is business the world around, following the model of Pepsi and McDonald’s. In some cases, globalizationis a fact of life; however, cultural differences are still far from converging.The other school proposes that companies must tailor business approaches to individual cultures. Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant; the critical question centers around acceptanceor rejection. The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia or even blindness. Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas. The internationally successful companies all share an important quality: patience. They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles. These principles are to know your adversary, know your audience, and know your customer.57.According to the passage, which of the following is true?［A］All international managers can learn culture.［B］Business diversity is not necessary.［C］Views differ on how to treat culture in business world.［D］Most people do not know foreign culture well.58.According to the author, the model of Pepsi.［A］is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around ［B］is different from the model of McDonald’s［C］shows the reverse of globalization［D］has converged cultural differences59.The two schools of thought.［A］both propose that companies should tailor business approaches to individual cultures［B］both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries ［C］admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world［D］both A and B60.This article is supposed to be most useful for those.［A］who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity［B］who have connections to more than one type of culture［C］who want to travel abroad［D］who want to run business on International Scale61.According to Fortune, successful international companies.［A］earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas［B］all have the quality of patience［C］will follow the overseas local cultures［D］adopt the policy of internationalizationPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens. They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, and gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still. On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close-ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or brings the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position. Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speedof the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chorus and responses.62.The passage is mainly concerned with .［A］the different tastes of people for sports［B］the different characteristics of sports［C］the attraction of football［D］the attraction of baseball63.Those who don’t like baseball may complain that. ［A］it is only to the taste of the old［B］it involves fewer players than football［C］it is not exciting enough［D］it is pretentious and looks funny64.The author admits that.［A］baseball is too peaceful for the young［B］baseball may seem boring when watched on TV［C］football is more attracting than baseball［D］baseball is more interesting than football65.By stating “I could have had my eyes closed.” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence).［A］the third baseman would rather sleep than play the game［B］even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no difference to the result［C］the third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well［D］the consequence was so bad that he could not bear to see it66.We can safely conclude that the author.［A］likes football［B］hates football［C］hates baseball［D］likes baseballPart Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Who won the WorldCup 1994 football game? What happened at the United Nations? How did the critics like the new play?67 an event takes place, newspapers are on the streets68 the details. Wherever anything happens in the world, reports are on the spot to69 the news. Newspapers have one basic70 , to get the news as quickly as possible from its source, from those who make it to those who want to71 it. Radio, telegraph, television, and 72inventions brought competition for newspapers. So did the development of magazines and other means of communication.73 , this competition merely spurred the newspapers on. They quickly made use of the newer and faster means of communication to improve the74and thus the efficiency of their own operations.Today more newspapers are75 and read than ever before. Competition also led newspapers to branch out to many other fields. Besides keeping readers76 of the latest news, today’s newspapers77 and influence readers about politics and othe r important and serious matters. Newspapers influence readers’economic choices78 advertising. Most newspapers depend on advertising for their very79 . Newspapers are sold at a price that80 even a small fraction of the cost of production. The main81 of income for most newspapers is commercial advertising. The82in selling advertising depends on a newspaper’s value to advertisers. This83 in terms of circulation. How many people read the newspaper? Circulation depends84on the work of the circulation department and on the services or entertainment85 in a newspaper’s pages. But for the most part, circulation depends on a newspaper ’ s value to readers as a source of information 86 the community, city, country, state, nation, and world—and even outer space.67.［A］Just when［B］While［C］Soon after［D］Before68.［A］to give［B］giving［C］given［D］being given69.［A］gather［B］spread［C］carry［D］bring70.［A］reason［B］cause［C］problem［D］purpose71.［A］make［B］publish［C］know［D］write72.［A］another［B］other［C］one another［D］the other73.［A］However［B］And［C］Therefore［D］So74.［A］value［B］ratio［C］rate［D］speed75.［A］spread［B］passed［C］printed［D］completed76.［A］inform［B］be informed［C］to informed［D］informed77.［A］entertain［B］encourage［C］educate［D］edit78.［A］on［B］through［C］with［D］of79.［A］forms［B］existence［C］contents［D］purpose80.［A］tries to cover［B］manages to cover［C］fails to cover［D］succeeds in81.［A］source ［B］origin［C］course［D］finance82.［A］way［B］means［C］chance ［D］success83.［A］measures［B］measured［C］is measured［D］was measured84.［A］somewhat ［B］little［C］much［D］something85.［A］offering［B］offered［C］which offered［D］to be offered86.［A］by ［B］with［C］at［D］aboutPart Ⅵ Translation(5 minutes)Direction: Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means (想找麻烦).88.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I (本来不必从银行借钱的).89.(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.90.I (将做实验) from three to five this afternoon.91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to (诉诸武力).参考答案及解析Part I Writing【写作思路】本文是一篇关于择业的议论文。

大学英语四级分类模拟题370Reading ComprehensionSection AA The New York Times-CBS News poll found that almost 90 percent of Americans think that homeownership is an important part of the American dream. But only 7 percent of Americans 1 ranked homeownership as their first orsecond definition of the American dream. Why the 2 ? Owning real estateis important to some Americans, but not as important—or as 3 rewarding—as we're led to believe.Federal support of homeownership greatly overvalues its meaning in American life. Through tax breaks and guarantees, thegovernment 4 homeownership to its peak in 2004, when 69 percent ofAmerican households owned homes. Subsidies for homeownership, 5 the mortgage (抵押) interest deduction, reached $230 billion in 2009, according to the Congressional Budget Office. Meanwhile, only $60 billion in tax breaks and spending programs 6 renters.The result of this real estate spending craze? According to the Federal Reserve, American real estate lost more than $6 trillion in 7 , or almost 30 percent, between 2006 and 2010. One in five American homeowners is underwater, owing more on a mortgage than what the home is 8 .Those who profit most from homeownership are definitely the largest source of political campaign 9 . Insurance companies, securities and investment firms, real estate interests, and commercial banks gave more than $100 million to federal candidates and parties in 2011, according to the Center for Responsive Politics.Homeownership is more important to 10 interests than it is to most Americans, who, according to the research, care more about "a good job", "the pursuit of happiness" and "freedom".A. aided F. difference K. rapidlyB. attributed G. expected L. specialC. benefit H. financially M. surveyedD. boosted I. including N. valueE. contributions J. political O. worthSection BFight Unhealthy Food, Not Fat PeopleA. It's hardly breaking news that junk food is bad for us. But just how bad—and just how much food companies know about the addictive (添加剂) components of certain foods, and just how much they deliberately target the most vulnerable consumers knowing they are doing damage—is still beingdiscovered. The New York Times offers the latest installment in this weekend's magazine with an article about the science of junk food addiction.B. Nearly everything written about food in the mainstream media relies on the same narrative: Obesity is bad. That kind of reporting is part of what's keeping us sick. There's no denying the fact that the American public has gotten larger in recent decades. Along with getting fatter, we've also seen a rise in illnesses like heart disease and certain cancers. Instead of focusing on how our health is hurting, most of the media coverage uses the term "obesity", making the story more about weight than about health—to the point where it's become an accepted truth that "fat" equals "unhealthy".C. That's not actually the case, though. While "the obesity epidemic" may be a convenient catch-all for the illnesses and health problems related to our food chain, it's a lazy term and an inaccurate one. Are we actually worried about public health? Or are we offended by fat bodies that don't meet our thin ideals? In all seriousness: What good does a focus on body size actually do?D. If we're actually concerned about health, then we should focus on health. The addictive qualities of our food, the lack of oversight (监督), the high levels of chemicals and the government subsidies to make prices lower making the worst foods the most accessible should concern us and spur us to action. Nutrient-deficient (营养缺乏的) chemically-processed "food" in increasingly larger sizes is bad for all of our bodies, whether we're fat or thin or somewhere in between. So is the culture in which fast food is able to thrive. Americans work more than ever before; we take fewer vacation days and put in longer hours, especially since the recession hit. The US remains the only industrialized country without national paid parental leave and without compulsory annual vacation time; we also have no federal law requiring paid sick days. 85% of American men and 66% of women work more than 40 hours per week. In Norway, for comparison, 23% of men work more than 40-hour weeks, and only 7% of women.E. Despite all this work, American income levels remain remarkably divided into the poorest and the richest, with the richest few controlling nearly all of the wealth. In one of the wealthiest countries on earth, one in seven people rely on federal food aid, with most of the financial benefits going to big food companies who are also able to produce cheap, nutritionally questionable food thanks to agricultural subsidies. The prices of the worst foods are artificially depressed, the big food lobbies have enormous power, and the biggest loser is the American public, especially low-income folks who spend larger proportions of their income on food but face systematic impediments (妨碍) to healthy eating and exercise.F. With demanding work days, little time off and disproportionate amounts of our incomes going toward things like health insurance and childcare that other countries provide at a lower cost, is it any surprise that we eat fast-food breakfast on our laps in the car and prefer dinner options that are quick and cheap?G. Reforming our food system requires major structural changes, not just saying no to put down that bag of chips. We need to push back against corporate interests. Food companies are incredibly good at positing themselves as crusaders (拥护者) for personal choice and entities simply dedicated to giving the public what it wants. Somehow, big food companies have convinced us that drinking a 32oz soda is a matter of personal liberty, and that the government has no place in regulating how much liquid sugar can be sold in a single container.H. In fact, we know—and they certainly know—that human beings are remarkably bad at judging how much we're eating. Food companies use that information to encourage over-consumption, and to target certain consumerswho tend to have less disposable income to invest in healthy food—poor people, people of color, kids.I. Food is a social justice issue that has disproportionately negative impacts on groups already facing hardship. That should be an issue for every socially conscious person. But when looking at the large number of problems caused not only by our big food industry but by the policies that enable them and our cultural norms that incentivize poor health choices, too many people simply turn "obesity" into the boogeyman (鬼怪). Doctors even blame fatness for all sorts of medical conditions and people don't get proper treatment. Fat women go to the doctor less often for routine cancer screenings, and patients report doctors focusing on their weight and ignoring real medical problems like broken bones and asthma (哮喘).J. On the policy side, promoters of laws that incentivize health or push back on corporate food interests such as Michelle Obama's Let's Move! initiative, bans on extra-large sodas, and extra SNAP benefits at farmer's markets inevitably target "obesity" in their campaigns. That strategy has the effect of maligning (诽谤) the beauty of certain bodies instead of encouraging everyone to be healthier and countering the enormous influence of big companies. As a result, many people who should be the natural allies of health-promoting initiatives are put off by the shaming fat language. K. "Obesity epidemic" language has also fed into the idea of body size and eating habits as social group. Thinner kale-eating elite liberals in the Northeast are trying to force-feed cabbage to heavier real Americans in the South and Midwest. No one wins with that kind of cultural polarization. L. Yes, let's push back against big food companies and question their outsized influence in Washington and in our daily lives, and let's focus on making healthy food more widely accessible. Let's realize that the challenges extend beyond just what we eat. Let's fight for the humane (仁爱的) work policies that will make us all healthier.M. But let's do that because public health is all of our concern, not because it's culturally easy to point the finger at fat people. Giving every member of a society the chance to be as healthy as possible is a moral good. It saves money and it saves lives. So let's do it the right way and the most effective way without lazily relying on the word "obesity".11、 As a social justice problem, food negatively impacts on groups who already have had a difficult life.12、 The word "obesity" used by most media coverage shows they concern less about our health than our weight.13、 We should concentrate on making people have more access to healthy food.14、 In one of the wealthiest countries in the world, one in seven Americans live on federal food aid.15、 Among the industrialized countries, the US is the only one that has no national paid parental leave and compulsory annual vacation time.16、 The same idea about food in the mainstream media is based on the description that obesity is not good.17、 The term "obesity epidemic" has promoted the idea of body size and eating habits as social group.18、 To make structural changes in our food system, we need to fight against food companies' interests.19、 It is the government subsidies to lower the prices of food that made the worst foods the most obtainable.20、 It is a moral good to offer every one in the society the opportunity to be as healthy as they could.Section CPassage OneInstinctively, the first thing we want to know about a disease is whether it is going to kill us. Twenty-five years ago, this was the only question about AIDS we could answer with any certainty; now, it is the only question we really cannot answer well at all.By now, those of us in the AIDS business long term have cared for thousands of patients. No one with that kind of personal experience can doubt for a moment the deadly potential of HIV or the life-saving capabilities of the drugs developed against it. But there are also now hundreds of footnotes and exceptions and modifications to those two facts that make the big picture ever murkier (扑朔迷离).We have patients scattered at every possible point., men and women who cruise on their medications with no problems at all, and those who never become stable on them and die of AIDS; those who refuse them until it is too late, and those who never need them at all; those who leave AIDS far behind only to die from lung cancer or breast cancer or liver failure, and those few who are killed by the medications themselves.So, when we welcome a new patient into our world, one whose fated place in this world is still unclear, and that patient asks us, as most do, whether this illness is going to kill him or not, it often takes a bit of mental stammering before we hazard an answer.Now, a complete rundown of all the news from the front would take hours. The statistics change almost hourly as new treatments appear. It is all too cold, too mathematical, too scary to dump on the head of a sick, frightened person. So we simplify. "We have good treatments now," we say. "You should do fine."Once, not so long ago, we were working in another universe. Now we have simply rejoined the carnival (嘉年华) of modern medicine, noisy and encouraging, confusing and contradictory, fueled by the eternal balancing of benefits and risks.You can win big, and why shouldn't you, with the usual fail-safe combination of luck and money. You have our very best hopes, so step right up: we sell big miracles but, offer no guarantees.21、 What does the author say about AIDS?A. It was definitely deadly twenty-five years ago.B. The patients want to know everything about it.C. We can answer anything about it with certainty now.D. We could not answer questions about it well before.22、 What do we know about the AIDS patients?A. All of them need the help of medications.B. Some of them die of refusing medications.C. All of them die of AIDS eventually.D. Some of them are killed by the fear of AIDS.23、 The author uses the phrase "mental stammering" (Paragraph 4) to indicate that ______.A. they cannot give an exact answer to AIDS patientsB. they hesitate to tell the truth to AIDS patients who will dieC. they are not allowed to tell patients their fateD. they have to make up excuses to comfort AIDS patients24、 A complete count of all the statistics about AIDS ______.A. will promote new treatments to appearB. will simplify doctors' answers about AIDSC. will be too cold and mathematical for doctorsD. will be influenced by new treatments25、 What can he inferred from the last two paragraphs?A. The life of AIDS patients was offered no guarantees not so long ago.B. AIDS can be got rid of with the fail-safe combination of luck and money.C. Doctors should offer AIDS patients their best hopes to encourage them.D. Modern medicine brings about both benefits and risks to AIDS patients. Passage TwoMost of us would shy away from making purchases in a foreign country if we didn't know the exchange rate. Yet, if privacy is the true currency of the Internet, as many argue, millions of us are doing that very thing every day. Meanwhile, Internet giants amend their privacy policies in ways that allow them to harvest and sell even more of our personal data. While privacy campaigners protest, users generally vote with their clicks and carry on regardless.So should we conclude the Internet generation is happy to trade its privacy for free or cheaper Web services? Not according to Nicola Jentzsch of the German Institute of Research in Berlin, and colleagues, who last week published research showing that most people prefer to protect their personal data when given a choice and that a significant proportion are willing to pay extra to do so.The researchers directed 443 students to a website offering tickets for a real movie showing, sold by two different vendors (商贩). Although the tickets were subsidized, the volunteers, who were able to purchase one, two, or no tickets, had to pay most of the cost themselves.When both vendors offered tickets at the same price but only one required customers to enter their cell phone number, the more privacy-friendly vendor got 83% of sales. When participants were offered the same choice, but with an additional charge of 50 euro cents from the privacy-friendly cinema, its market share fell to 31%."It turns out that when you are good on privacy you can charge more and make a greater profit," says Alessandro Acquisti of the University of Cambridge, one of the authors of the study, published by the European Network and Information Security Agency."What people say in surveys is that they care about privacy, but what they actually do is spend their time constantly updating their status on Facebook," says Acquisti. "This has led some to conclude that people no longer care about privacy. This new data, along with similar work we have done in the US, shows this is not the case, and that the desire for privacy is not dead after all."26、 According to the first paragraph, many people think that ______.A. we can benefit from selling our personal dataB. Internet giants should perfect their privacy policiesC. our privacy is the true currency of the InternetD. privacy campaigners should vote with their clicks27、 What does Nicola Jentzsch say about the Internet generation?A. They are more likely to trade their privacy for free Web services.B. They are willing to pay extra to protect their personal data.C. Most of them will protect their privacy when given a choice.D. Most of them are happy to share their personal data on the Internet.28、 In what circumstances did the market share of the privacy-friendly cinema fall?A. When it offered tickets at the same price as the other did.B. When it asked customers to enter their cell phone number.C. When it charged customers additional 50 euro cents.D. When it raised the price of one ticket by 83%.29、 According to Alessandro Acquisti, how can vendors make a greater profit?A. To be friendly to consumers' privacy.B. To offer a competitive price to consumers.C. To be good at tracking consumers' privacy.D. To increase expenses on the Web services.30、 What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?A. To promote understanding between vendors and consumers.B. To argue that people still care about their privacy.C. To persuade people not to constantly update their status on Facebook.D. To urge vendors to be more privacy-friendly to make a greater profit.答案:Reading ComprehensionSection A1、[解析] 动词辨析题。

大学英语四级分类模拟题474(总分178.5, 做题时间90分钟)Part Ⅰ Writing1.Adequate Preparation Should Be Given to Exams1．如今不少大学生在考试前不做充分的准备2．出现这种现象的原因是…3．为了改变这种状况，我认为…SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 16.5Adequate Preparation Should Be Given to ExamsAs is known to all, quite some college students seldom take exams with adequate preparation, which leads to low marks or even failurein the exams.The reasons for this phenomenon lie in many aspects. In the first place, college students nowadays attach less importance to marks and exams. Second, college students are occupied by so many activities that they can just spare little time for exam preparation. In addition, some teachers fail to be strict with the students, which encourages students to .neglect the exams.To solve this problem, I think both students and teachers should play their parts. On the one hand, students should have a proper attitude towards exam preparation, through which they can have a **mand of the knowledge. On the other hand, teachers ought to control the exams more strictly.Part Ⅱ Reading ComprehensionPassage OneThe contribution genes make to intelligence increases as children grow older. This goes against the notion most people hold that as we age, environmental influences gradually overpower the genetic legacy we are born with — and may have implications for education. "People assume the genetic influence goes down with age because the environmental differences between people pile up in life," says Robert Plomin. "What we found was quite amazing, and goes in the other direction."Previous studies have shown variations in intelligence are at least partly due to genetics. To find out whether this genetic contribution varies with age, Plomin"s team pooled data from six separate studies carried out in the US, the UK, Australia and the Netherlands, involving a total of 11,000 pairs of twins.In these studies, the researchers tested twins on reasoning, logic and arithmetic to measure a quantity called general cognitiveability, or "g". Each study also included both identical twins, with same genes, and fraternal twins, sharing about half their genes, making it possible to disentangle (分清) the contributions of genes and environment to their "g" scores.Plomin"s team calculated that in childhood, genes account for about 41 percent of the variation in intelligence. In adolescence, this rose to 55 percent; by young adulthood, it was 66 percent.No one knows why the influence from genes should increase with age, but Plomin suggests that as children get older; they become better at exploiting and manipulating their environment to suit their genetic needs, and says "Kids with high "g" will use their environment to foster their cognitive ability and choose friends who are like-minded." Children with medium to low "g" may choose less challenging pastimes and activities, further emphasising their genetic legacy. Is there any way to interfere with the pattern? Perhaps. "The evidence of strong heritability doesn"t mean at all that there"s nothing you can do about it," says Susanne Jaeggi. "From our own work, the ones that started off with lower IQ scores had higher gains after training."Plomin suggests that genetic differences may be more emphasised ifall children share an identical curriculum instead of it being tailored to children"s natural abilities. "My inclination (倾向) would be to give everyone a good education, but put more effort into the lower end," he says.Intelligence researcher Paul Thompson agrees, "It shows that educators need to steer kids towards things drawing out their natural talents."SSS_SINGLE_SEL1.Most people think the intelligence increases ______.A are affected more by environment than the genetic legacy with ageB should be attributed more to the contribution that genes make with ageC are closely connected with the genetic legacy with ageD go against the implication of the education with age该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 14.2答案:A[解析] 根据题干中的most people和intelligence increases将本题出处定位于第1段前两句。

大学英语四级阅读理解测试题The most frightening words in the English language are, "Our computer is down. " You hear it more and more when you are on business. The other day I was at the airport waiting for a ticket to Washington and the girl in the ticket office said, "I' m sorry, I can' t sell you a ticket. Our computer is down. ""If your computer is down, just write me out a ticket. ""I can' t write you out a ticket. The computer is the only one allowed to do so. "I looked down on the computer and every passenger .was just standing there drinking coffee and staring at the black screen. Then I asked her, "What do all you people do?""We give the computer the information about your trip, and then it tells us whether you can fly with us or not. ""So when it goes down, you go down with it. ""That' s good, sir. ""How long will the computer be down?" I wanted to know."I have no idea. Sometimes it' s down for 10 minutes, sometimes for two hours. There' s no way we can find out without asking the computer, and since it' s down it won' t answer us. "After the girl told me they had no backup computer, I said. "Let' s forget the computer. What about your planes? They' re still flying, aren't they?""I couldn't tell without asking the computer. ""Maybe I could just go to the gate and ask the pilot if he' s flying to Washington," I suggested."I wouldn't know what gate to send you to. Even if the pilot was going to Washington, he couldn't take you if you didn't have a ticket. ""Is there any other airline flying to Washington within the next few hours?""I wouldn't know," she said, pointing at the dark screen. "Only ' IT' knows. It can' t tell me. "By this time there were quite a few people standing in lines. The word soon spread to other travelers that the computer was down. Some people went white; some people started to cry and still others kicked their luggage.31. The best title for the article isA. When the Computer Is DownB. The Most Frightening WordsC. The Computer of the AirportD. Asking the Computer32. What could the girl in the ticket office do for the passengers without asking the computer?A. She could sell a ticket.B. She could write out a ticket.C. She could answer the passengers' questions.D. She could do nothing.33. why do you think they had not a backup computer?A. Because it was easy down.B. Because it was very expensive.C. Because it was not advanced enough.D. Because it was not as big as the main computer.34. The last paragraph suggests thatA. a modern computer won' t be downB. computers can take the place of humansC. sometimes a computer may bring suffering to peopleD. there will be great changes in computers35. What did passengers do when the computer was down?A. They left home and went home.B. They drank coffee and stared at the black screen.C. They began to talk to each other.D. None above.答案及解析31.A【解析】主旨题。

听力（略）Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)Passage 1Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies. Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and neighbors' children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.26. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ________.A) cars are a source of pleasure for themB) they need a car to form a car poolC) they live more than a mile away from the schoolD) cars form necessary part in their life27. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?A) Office workers.B) Police and mail carriers.C) Salesmen and farmers.D) Factory workers.28. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ________.A) children have to walk to schoolB) school buses take all the children to schoolC) mothers drive children to schoolD) families usually live within a mile from the school29. "A car pool" most probably means ________.A) a number of people sharing the use of a carB) a place for parking carsC) a group of tourists driving alternativelyD) a place for learning to drive30. What is the author's advice about the use of cars?A) To provide larger parking spaces.B) To build better roads.C) To produce fewer automobiles.D) To form more car pools.Passage 2Question 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Recent fires have destroyed much of Indonesian forests and pose the latest threat to the survival of the endangered orangutans（红毛猿）. Thirty orangutans fleeing their burning forest home have been killed by villagers, who see the animals as crop raiders. Orangutan mothers have been killed so that their young can be captured and sold into the illegal wildlife pet trade. Orangutan experts continue to receive orangutan infants whose mothers have been killed while searching for food in plantations and fields.The fires, caused by drought and coupled with fire-setting methods to clear forests, have destroyed more than two million acres. When fire gets into the rainforests' layer of dry peat (partly decayed plant material which covers the soil), it can burn slowly off and on for months or years after the original fire. These fires continue until heavy rainfall soaks the peat through and through. Orangutans once numbered in the hundreds of thousands, but their population has dropped to roughly 25 000 due to fire, the destruction of forests from felling trees for timber and agriculture, and losses linked to the live-animal trade. Before the fires, only 40 percent of the orangutans' original habitat remained, and now, their habitat has become even smaller.31. What can be the best title for this passage?A) Fires Drive Orangutans to Danger.B) Orangutans Are Precious Animals.C) Fires in Indonesia Keep on Flaming.D) Orangutans Endanger the Crops of Indonesia.32. Which of the following is true about villagers?A) They set fire in order to kill orangutans for food.B) They are ignorant of wild life pets trade.C) They dislike orangutans because they destroy crops.D) They continue to receive orangutans infants.33. According to this passage, fires in Indonesia ________.A) will not end until it starts to rainB) will be eventually put out by human effortC) will die out when the winds stop blowingD) will only stop when the peat is totally wet34. Some people buy orangutans because ________.A) they want to save orangutansB) they want to keep orangutans as petsC) they want to build new homes for orangutansD) they want to take care of orangutan infants35. Which of the following is NOT a reason for the decreasing of orangutans in Indonesia?A) The forests have been burned to make land for agriculture.B) Most of orangutans' forests have been destroyed.C) Mother orangutans have been caught and sold in pet-animal market.D) Trees have been cut down for human profits.Passage 3Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Don't try kicking the tires on a very modern and strange car developed by students at Coventry University. Not only does the car have no tires, it has no steering wheel, either.The Coventry Concept Car, as it is called is a completely new design that looks more like a snail（蜗牛）than an automobile. No working model, or functional form of the vehicle exists yet, but its designers recently introduced a life-sized model and explained how a real one would work. Electric motors would move rapidly undulating pad（形成波浪状气垫）underneath the car; moving the vehicle in any direction at speeds up to 480 km per hour. The motion would be a much faster way of crawling ? the way snails move. (Muscles in the bottom of a snail's flat foot contract （收缩）in waves that push the snail along the ground.)Steering of the snail car would be handled automatically by an onboard computer, which would receive signals from orbiting satellites. Those signals would help guide the snail car along a preprogrammed route.Even the car's color could be computer-controlled, the student designer suggested. Instead of a painted out appearance, the snail car would sport an electronically sensitive film that changes color according to its surroundings.36. The Coventry Concept Car is designed mainly based on ________.A) the appearance of a snailB) the movement of a snailC) the life-size of a snailD) the behavior of a snail37. Which of the following is true about the Coventry Concept Car?A) Its first working model can run at 480 km per hour.B) Its direction is controlled by a steering wheel.C) It moves in all directions on a pair of flat feet.D) It travels automatically along preprogrammed routes.38. The color of the car can be changed ______.A) by applying different films onto its exteriorB) automatically in accordance with its surroundingsC) by signals received by the car computerD) according to the customer's requirement39. The word "sport" in the last but one line most probably means _______.A) applyB) wearC) runD) notice40. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A) A Car at a Speed of a SnailB) A Computer-Controlled Electronic VehicleC) A Car Without Tires and Steering WheelD) A Car with No Functional FormPassage 4Question 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Have you ever been afraid to talk back when you were treated unfairly? Have you ever bought something just because the salesman talked you into it? Are you afraid to ask someone for a date?Many people are afraid to assert themselves（坚持自己的权利）. Dr. Alberti, author of Stand Up, Speak Out, and Talk Back, thinks it's because their self-respect is low. "Our whole set-up is designed to make people distrust themselves," says Alberti. "There's always a 'superior' around: a parent, a teacher, a boss who 'knows better'."But Alberti and other scientists are doing something to help those people assert themselves. They offer "Assertiveness Training" courses ? AT for short. In the AT course people learn that they have a right to be themselves. They learn to speak out and feel good about doing so. They learn to be aggressive without hurting other people.In one way, learning to speak out is to overcome fear. A group taking an AT course will help the timid person to lose his fear. But AT uses an even stronger motive ? the need to share. The timid person speaks out in the group because he wants to tell how he feels.Whether or not you speak up for yourself depends on your self-image. If someone you face is more "important" than you, you may feel less of a person. You start to doubt your own good sense. You go by the other person's label. But, why should you? AT says you can get to feel good about yourself. And once you do, you can learn to speak out.41. The problem the writer talks about is that _______.A) some people buy things they don't wantB) some people are afraid of arguing for themselvesC) there are too many "superiors" around usD) there is too much pressure from our society42. The cause of the problem discussed in this passage is that _______.A) some people have a low self-imageB) there is always someone around who "knows better"C) salesmen talk people into buying things they don't wantD) people don't share opinions in a group43. The set-up of our society often _______.A) makes people distrust themselvesB) makes things more favorable for "superiors"C) keeps people from knowing as much as their "superiors"D) helps people to learn to speak up for their rights44. A T is one solution to the problem in this passage, but one thing AT doesn't promote is to help people ________.A) to share their feelingsB) to have a right to be oneselfC) to overcome their fear before othersD) to be more aggressive45. The title for this passage could be ________.A) Assertiveness TrainingB) Loss of Self-respectC) The Importance of Human RightsD) Share Your Feelings with OthersPart III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. (10 points)46. Those high school students _____ to computer games will usually lose interest in their studies.A) absorbed B) addicted C) approached D) adapted47. What did you put in your suitcase? It's almost _____ mine.A) four times as heavy as B) four times heavier as C) as four times heavy as D) as heavy as four times48. In some countries today, it is still illegal for doctors to help a woman have a(n) _____.A) pregnancy B) abortion C) miscarriage D) embryo49. Metal _____ when cooled and expands when heated.A) decreases B) reduces C) condenses D) contracts50. The employees were afraid to ask for a salary raise _____ they should lose their jobs.A) lest B) or else C) so that D) in order that51. There has been a heated controversy over the new traffic _____ forbidding automobiles in downtown during the daytime.A) laws B) bans C) alerts D) regulations52. She has won a _____ prize for her poems published in the past 10 years.A) privileged B) awarded C) prestigious D) rewarded53. Each man and woman must sign _____ full names before entering the examination room.A) his B) her C) their D) one's49. Giving the child problems he can't solve will only ________ him.A) frustrate B) challenge C) conquer D) press54. It is pleasant to see that the whole community has participated in this environmental action with great _____.A) validity B) vow C) vigor D) vision55. As they can't have a child of their own, they're going to _____ a little girl.A) adapt B) adopt C) adjust D) receive56. It's no use _____ wit him. You might as well argue with a stone wall.A) arguing B) of arguing C) in arguing D) to argue57. The official figures of unemployment revealed that millions of citizens could hardly make a _____ living.A) honest B) decent C) appropriate D) suitable58. The company has been found guilty violating copyright laws _____ a regular _____.A) for ... reason B) by ... way C) on ... basis D) to ... degree59. Believe it or not, he arrived in America with only 25 dollars _____.A) by his name B) to his name C) in his name D) with his name60. _____ is no reason for dismissing her.A) A few minutes late B) Owing to a few minutes late C) Because she was a few minutes late D) Being a few minutes late61. I handed in the application two months ago, but I have not received any response _____.A) in date B) out of date C) to date D) on date62. In the course of a day our students do far more than just _____ classes.A) attending B) attended C) to attend D) attend63. The newspaper didn't mention its secret _____ who provided the information for the event.A) resource B) source C) origin D) cause64. The clothes a person wears may express his _____ or social position.A) state B) significance C) determination D) status65. If I hadn't turned off the power before you touched the wires, you _____ now.A) wouldn't have smiled B) didn't smile C) wouldn't be smiling D) couldn't have smiledPart IV TranslationSection A:Directions: Read the following passage and translate the 5 underlined sentences into Chinese.(5 points)(66) To be successful at business, you not only have to be good at what you do, but you have to be good at letting others know how good you are at what you do. You have to come up with a plan to get your product or service in the market place. You have to come up with a marketing plan. (67) This marketing plan involves two parts: you have to figure out who the market is; and you have to make the product or service known to that market. These two work together.It is a rare case in marketing when a product has appeal to everyone regardless of sex, age, income level or special interests. (68) The more typical case is that a product will appeal to a limited group of people who are willing to put down their hard-earned dollars to buy what you have to sell.(69) The basic question to keep in mind as you develop your marketing plan is: Who would want to buy the type of product I make and how can I develop it to be saleable to these special people? Once you define your market, you often have to modify your product to fit that market. Sometimes the answer to this question is clear and logical. Often, however, a business person has to do some research and experimentation to find the answer. (70) Many a business has failed because people didn't consider this obvious but critical question: Who is the market?66. ____________________________________________________________________________67.____________________________________________________________________________68. ____________________________________________________________________________69. ____________________________________________________________________________70. ____________________________________________________________________________Section BDirections: In this section, you will translate 5 sentences below into English. (10 points)71. 一群科学家上周在一次新闻发布会上宣布的克隆计划在全世界引起了轩然大波。

大学英语四级考试（CET 4）(恩波英语研究所命制)MODEL TEST— Band Four —(6 MSH 2)试题册（125分钟）-Part ⅠWriting(30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1~7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8~10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.The T rouble with T elevisionIt is difficult to escape the influence of television. If you fit the statistical averages, by the age of 20 you will have been exposed to at least 20,000 hours of television. Y ou can add10,000 hours for each decade you have lived after the age of 20. The only things Americans do more than watch television are work and sleep.Calculate for a moment what could be done with even a part of those hours. Five thousand hours, I am told, are what a typical college undergraduate spends working on a bachelors degree. In 10,000 hours you could have learned enough to become an astronomer or engineer. Y ou could have learned several languages fluently. If it appealed to you, youcould be reading Homer in the original Greek or Dostoyevsky in Russian. If it didn t, you could have walked around the world and written a book about it.The trouble with television is that it discourages concentration. Almost anything interesting and rewarding in life requires some constructive, consistently applied effort. The dullest,the least gifted of us can achieve things that seem miraculous to those who never concentrate onanything. But television encourages us to apply no effort. It sells us instantgratification（满意）. It diverts us only to divert, to make the time pass without pain. Television s variety becomes a narcotic（麻醉的）, nor a stimulus. Its serial, kaleidoscopic （万花筒般的）exposures force us to follow its lead. The viewer is on a perpetual guidedtour: 30 minutes at the museum, 30 at the cathedral, 30 for a drink, then back on the bus to the next attraction—except on television, typically, the spans allotted arc on theorder of minutes or seconds, and the chosen delights are more often car crashes and people killing one another. In short, a lot of television usurps（篡夺；侵占）one of the mostprecious of all human gifts, the ability to focus your attention yourself, rather than just passively surrender it.Capturing your attention—and holding it—is the prime motive of most television programming and enhances its role as a profitable advertising vehicle. Programmers live in constantfear of losing anyone s attention—anyone s. The surest way to avoid doing so is to keep everything brief, not to strain the attention of anyone but instead to provide constantstimulation through variety, novelty, action and movement. Quite simply, television operates on the appeal to the short attention span.It is simply the easiest way out. But it has come to be regarded as a given, as inherent in the medium itself; as an imperative, as though General Sarnoff, or one of the other augustpioneers of video, had bequeathed（遗留；传于）to us tablets of stone commanding that nothing in television shall ever require more than a few moments Concentration.In its place that is fine. Who can quarrel with a medium that so brilliantly packages escapist entertainment as a mass marketing tool? But I see its values now pervading this nationand its life. It has become fashionable to think that, like fast food, fast ideas are the way to get to a fast moving, impatient public.In the case of news, this practice, in my view, results in inefficient communication. I question how much of television s nightly news effort is really absorbable and understandable.Much of it is what has been aptly described as “machine gunning with scraps.”I think the technique fights coherence. I think it tends to make things ultimately boring (unless theyare accompanied by horrifying pictures) because almost anything is boring if you know almost nothing about it.I believe that TV s appeal to the short attention span is not only inefficient communication but decivilizing as well. Consider the casual assumptions that television tends tocultivate: that complexity must be avoided, that visual stimulation is a substitute for thought, thatverbal precision is an anachronism. It may be old fashioned, but I was taughtthat thought is words, arranged in grammatically precise.There is a crisis of literacy in this country. One study estimates that some 30 million adult Americans are “functionally illiterate” and cannot read or write well enough to answer thewant ad or understand the instructions on a medicine bottle.Literacy may not be an inalienable human right, but it is one that the highly literate Founding Fathers might not have found unreasonable or even unattainable. We are not only notattaining it as a nation, statistically speaking, but we are falling further and further short of attaining it. And, while I would not be so simplistic as to suggest that television is thecause, I believe it contributes and is an influence.Everything about this nation—the structure of the society, its forms of family organization, its economy, its place in the world—has become more complex, not less. Y et itsdominating communications instrument, its principal form of national linkage, is one that sells neat resolutions to human problems that usually have no neat resolutions. It is allsymbolized in my mind by the hugely successful art form that television has made central to the culture, the 30 second commercial: the tiny drama of the earnest housewife whofinds happiness in choosing the right toothpaste.When before in human history has so much humanity collectively surrendered so much of its leisure to one toy, one mass diversion? When before has virtually an entire nationsurrendered itself wholesale to a medium for selling?Some years ago Y ale University law professor Charles L. Black. Jr. wrote: “… forced feeding on trivial fare is not itself a trivial matter. I think this society is being forced, fed with trivialfare, and I fear that the effects on our habits of mind, our language, our tolerance for effort, and our appetite for complexity are only dimly perceived. If I am wrong, we will havedone no harm to look at the issue skeptically and critically, to consider how we should be residing it. I hope yo u will join with me in doing so.”注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上作答；8~10题在答题卡1上。

英语四级阅读理解模拟试题及答案详解19【阅读练习】Americans are proud of their variety and individualty, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so __1__ in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more __2__ than civilian(百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to __3__ superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to __4__ more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the __5__ of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to __6__ professional identity(身份) than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many __7__ benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of __8__ experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without __9__, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act __10__, on the job at least.[A]skill[B]popular[C]get[D]change[E]similarly[F]professional[G]character[H]individuality[I]inspire[J]differently[K]expect[L]practical[M]recall[N]lose[O]ordinaryANSWERS:1.选B)。

12.A) He broke his leg.B) He caught a cold.
C) He had a car accident.D) Hedidn’t like to go to dance with the girl.Section B
13.A) He doesn’t know what he wants to do.Directions:In this section, you will hear 2 short passages. At the end of each passage,
D) He can’t decide where to go on vacation.answerfromthefourchoices markedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe
14.A) At a hairdresser’s.B) At a tailor’scorresponding letter onAnswer Sheetwith a single line through the ceonversation, one or more questions will be asked about11. A) He is not satisfied with his presentjob.
what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyB) He worries too much about hisgrandmother.
8.C) Carry the suitcase up to the plane.15. A) Daniel gets encouragement from his friendMisha.

Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.1. A) Terrorists fought with Government troops.B) Thai troops killed terrorists.C) There were shootings.D) There were explosions.2. A) The Muslims wanted independence. C) About 2,000 people have been killed.B) Thai troops have been sent there. D) There have been more bombings since 2004. Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.3. A) Students in South East-Asia have great pressure in study.B) Genetic factors in visual impairment and blindness.C) Students in South East-Asia should spend more outdoors.D) The reason why students in South East-Asia are short-sighted.4. A) Electricity shortage. C) The heavy burden of studies.B) Being short of food. D) Overtime exposure to sunlight.Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.5. A) Google’s driverless car project. C) Self-driving technology.B) Major car manufactures. D) A purpose-built machine.6. A) To make money. C) To develop new technology.B) To get rid of controls. D) To produce a purpose-built machine.7. A) 2. C) 4.B) 3. D) 5.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.Conversation oneQuestions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Conducting a training session for security guards.B) Interviewing a person for a job.C) Promoting a new alarm system.D) Asking a coworker some questions.9. A) Where the job is located. C) How soon he can start working.B) What training he will need. D) How much the job pays.10. A) He prefers to sleep until noon. C) He has classes earlier in the day.B) He writes for the local paper in the morning. D) He wants a higher-paying evening job.11. A) To introduce more about his work experience.B) To talk about his future plan for the job.C) To fill in an application form and hand it back.D) To take a look at the workplace where he will stay.Conversation TwoQuestion 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) To organize activities for children. C) To bring tourists to the town.B) To sell local farm products. D) To raise funds for a hospital.13. A) In tents. C) In a hospital.B) In university buildings. D) In an Auditorium.14. A) Play in a band. C) Serve refreshments.B) Work at the auction. D) Collect tickets.15. A) He thinks it’s mainly for children. C) He believes it is too complicated.B) He feels it would be worthwhile. D) He thinks it may not be very profitable. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They were common in the U.S., but not in Europe.B) Only a few people had themC) People considered them essential.D) They were not very accurate.17. A) They were a symbol of wealth.B) It was important to be on time.C) It was fashionable to wear them.D) They were inexpensive.18. A) Watches were of higher quality than ever before.B) More clocks were manufactured than watches.C) The availability of watches increased.D) Watches became less important because factories had clocks.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) To drive the car automatically. C) To prevent car accidents.B) To measure the driver’s pulse. D) To monitor the driver’s health.20. A) It sends out signals for help. C) It takes over the driving immediately.B) It sounds an alarm to warn the driver. D) It stops the car automatically.21. A) It monitors the signals transmitted from the river’s brain.B) It can measure the driver’s alcohol level in the blood.C) It can quicken the driver’s response to emergencies.D) It bases its analysis on the driver’s heartbeat.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Explaining the campus architecture to visitors.B) Providing guidance for new campus employees.C) Familiarizing new students with the campus.D) Advising students which classes to take.23. A) Registration forms. C) A list of classes.B) A library card. D) A campus map.24. A) In the registrar’s office. C) In the math building.B) In the library. D) In the cafeteria.25. A) Move into their dormitories. C) Memorize campus landmarks.B) Find their classrooms. D) Complete their registration materials.。

大学英语四级考试听力模拟测试卷一套Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A.,B.,C., and D., and decide which is the best answer.Questions 1 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1、A. The woman is a close friend of the man. B. The woman has been working too hard.C. The woman is seeing a doctor.D. The woman is tired of her work.2、A. The man doesn't have money for his daughter's graduate studies.B. The man doesn't think his daughter will get a business degree.C. The man insists that his daughter should pursue her studies in science.D. The man advises his daughter to think carefully before making her decision.3、A. There are too many courses offered to students.B. The woman should take fewer courses next term.C. The man will take four courses next semester.D. It is wiser to take more than four courses.4、A. He wishes to have more courses tike it. B. He finds it hard to follow the teacher.C. He wishes the teacher would talk more.D. He doesn't like the teacher's accent.5、A. See what's wrong with it. B. Sew it together.C. Try to tape it up.D. Change a new cover.6、A. He ordered a painting for the house. B. He hired someone to paint the house.C. He hid in the house.D. He built the house.7、A. Basketball and football. B. Volleyball.C. Basketball and volleyball.D. Basketball.8、A. Having an interview. B. Filling out a form.C. Talking with his friend.D. Asking for information.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9、A. The pleasure of skiing. B. The Montana National Park.C. How to learn to ski.D. How to spend the Christmas holiday.10、A. She likes snow very much.B. Skiing helps her keep fit.C. Skiing gives her great pleasure to speed through the snow.D. She enjoys the fresh air and open view when skiing.11、A. When he was a little child. B. When he was 15 years old.C. Last Christmas holiday.D. Two weeks ago.12、A. He will at first learn skiing in Montana, and then go back home.B. He will at first go back home, and then learn skiing in Montana.C. He will go back home with the woman for Christmas.D. He will learn skiing in Montana for the whole holiday.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13、A. She wants to find a job in this summer to pay for tuition fees.B. She lives far away from her parents.C. She will have no time to visit her parents in this summer.D. She doesn't miss her parents.14、A. They traveled around there. B. They taught English there.C. They did geological research there.D. They served as volunteer workers there.15、A. Her bills are already too high. B. She has enough money to pay off tuition fees.C. She prefers to be independent.D. She is disqualified to get a loan.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA.,B.,C., andD..Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16、A. To protect people and property. B. To collect taxes.C. To teach and train citizens.D. To save natural resources for future use.17、A. By selling services that make life comfortable.B. By selling land containing oil.C. By selling public lands.D. By selling coal and other natural resources.18、A. Environmental pollution and protection. B. Taxes and services for the public.C. Police efforts to protect people.D. People's attitude toward taxes.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just beard.19、A. Because Japanese preschools cost less than those in America.B. Because Japanese children have high academic achievement.C. Because Japanese preschools pay much attention to the overall development of children.D. Because there are only a few preschools in America.20、A. Preparing children academically. B. Developing children's artistic interest.C. Tapping children's potential.D. Shaping children's character.21、A. They can be instructed by better teachers there.B. They can accumulate more group experience there.C. They can be individually oriented when they grow up.D. They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22、A. They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of "light" beer.B. They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.C. They prefer "light" beer and low-calorie bread to other drinks and food.D. They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.23、A. They think it is physically exhausting.B. They are discouraged by the fact that exercise can only work off a small amount of calories.C. They don't think it possible to walk three miles every day.D. They find consulting caloric-expenditure charts troublesome.24、A. Controlling one's calorie intake is more important than doing exercise.B. Even occasional exercise can help reduce weight.C. Weight reduction is ultimately impossible without exercise.D. One could lose ten pounds in a year's time if there's no increase in food intake.25、A. The combination of exercise and diet is the best way to lose weight.B. Exercise plays the most important role in losing weight.C. Exercise by itself can do well in weight reduction.D. The overweight people have special genes in their bodies.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 26 to 33 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 34 to 36 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids, i.e. minor planets, one might 26 into earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.Asteroids are bigger 27 of the meteoroids that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from earth and don't 28 us. But there are also 29 whose orbits put them on a 30 course with earth.Buy $50 million worth of new 31 right now. Then spend ＄10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we 32 a fatal one, the scientists say, we'll have a way to change its course.Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear 33 But the cost wouldn't be cheap.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: 34 . Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike earth onceevery 500,000 years. 35 . "If we don't take care of these big asteroids, they'll take care of us," says one scientist. "It's that simple."The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. 36 ? "The world has less to fear from doomsday rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them," said a New York Times article.答案:Listening ComprehensionSection A1、C[解析]M: Hello, Mrs. White, what can I do for you?W: I don't know what's the matter with me? I'm always feeling tired. I'm usually worn out at the end of the day.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?2、D[解析]W: Daddy, I have decided to give up science and go to business school.M: Well, it is your choice as long as you pay your own way, but I should ware you that not everyone with a business degree will make a successful manager.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3、B[解析]W: I'm thinking of taking five courses next semester.M: Wouldn't four be wiser?Q: What does the man mean?4、B[解析]W: You took an optional course this semester, didn't you? How is it going?M: Terrible. It seems like the more the professor talks, the less I understand.Q: How does the man feel about the course?5、C[解析]M: Oh, this cover is tom now. Must have got that way from carrying it around.W: Not to worry, with a little tape it should look like new. Here, let me look at it.Q: What will the woman probably do?6、B[解析]M: Tom's house looks nice. What did he do to it?W: He had it painted.Q: What did Tom do?7、B[解析]W: I like volleyball but not football.M: Basketball and football are my favorite sports.Q: Which sport does the woman like?8、B[解析]M: Let me see. I have printed my family name, first name, date of birth, and address. Anything else?W: No. That's all right. We'll fill in the rest of it if you'll just sign your name at the bottom.Q: What has the man been doing?9、D[解析] 9-12M: What do you plan to do for Christmas?W: No concrete plan, but I think I'll most likely go skiing in Montana and spend a few days in the mountains doing cross-country skiing.M: I heard you are very good at skiing. Believe it or not, I haven't done any skiing in my life. I wish I could ski just like you.W: Yeah, you could if you gave it a shot. You know, skiing is my love and the only reason I like it so much is because it gives me great pleasure to speed through the snow.M: My parents and I vacationed in Montana National Park when I was little and I remembered we had great time going hiking. Now I feel like going back again.W: Well, since we have two weeks' break for Christmas, you can spend a few days in Montana and I can give you lessons on skiing. That would give you some basics and hopefully you can ski like a professional in a few days.M: Ski like a professional? No way. Actually, you do have a good point. I could spend some time in Montana and head back home for Christmas. Perhaps you could spend Christmas at my place too. My parents would like to meet you.W: That would be great, since my folks will be in Jamaica for Christmas and New Year.M: Oh, I am anxious to learn how to ski.W: And you can bet I will be a very strict instructor.M: No problem. I have been known to be an excellent student during my school year.W: Well, maybe you won't be this time.M: Really? I am looking forward to it now.W: OK. Then, let's wait and see.9. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?10、C[解析]Why does the woman like skiing so much?11、A[解析]When did the man go to the Montana National Park?12、A[解析]What will the man do on the vacation?13、A[解析] 13-15W: Are you going to find a job again this summer?M: Yes, of course. Otherwise, how am I going to pay for the tuition fees in the fall?W: I am thinking of working too, but my folks insist I have to spend some time with them during the summer. You know', I haven't seen them for two years.M: That's considering you are only an eight-hour drive away from your hometown. Why haven't you been home for so long?W: It's not that I didn't want to go home but because my parents were volunteering in the charitable organization in Central America for the last couple of years.M: In that case, maybe you should visit them in the summer.W: That's true, but I didn't want to spend the whole summer staying at home. I want to make some money and pay off my tuition fees too.M: Well, you can get a loan.W: Loan? I hate the idea of borrowing. I would rather make my own money and pay it off.M: That's true. It's not uncommon for people to have high bills to pay once they've graduated.W: Yes, that's exactly what I didn't want to get myself into.M: Well, you can work part-time when you are at home.W: I was thinking about that but my parents thought I should be at home with them full-time.M: Well, I think you do have to make a decision.13. What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?14、D[解析]What did the woman's parents do in Central America?15、C[解析]Why doesn't the woman want to get a loan for tuition fees?Section B16、A[解析] 16-18We use all sorts of services without thinking how we get them. But such services cost money. We pay for them through taxes. What would happen if everyone in a city stopped paying taxes. The streets might not be cleaned. There would be no police force to protect people and property.The chief duty of every government is to protect people and property. More than three-fourths of the money spent by our government is used for this purpose. The next largest amount of public money goes to teaching and training our citizens. Billions of dollars each year is spent on schools and libraries. Public money is used topay teachers and other public officials.Years ago, the government made money from the sale of public lands. But most of the best public lands have now been sold. The money raised was used to help pay the cost of government. There are still some public lands that contain oil, coal, gas, and other natural resources. They could be sold, but we want to save them for future years. So we all must pay our share for the services that make our lives comfortable.16. What is the chief duty of every government?17、C[解析]How did the government raise money in the past?18、B[解析]What is the passage mainly about?19、B[解析] 19-21In a time of low academic achievement by children in the United States, many Americans are turning to Japan, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers. However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find. In most Japanese preschools, little emphasis is put on academic instruction. In one investigation, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education. Only two percent of the Japanese respondents listed "to give children a good start academically" as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools. In contrast, over half of the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices. To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as persistence, concentration, and the ability to function as a member of a group. The vast majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents.Like in America, there is diversity in Japanese early childhood education. Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development. In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools.Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities.19. Why are Americans turning to Japan in terms of preschool education?20、D[解析]What is the focus of Japanese preschool education?21、D[解析]Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?22、B[解析] 22-25Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in long-term maintenance of body weight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to "light" beer and low-calorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Center for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than one-fourth of overweight adults who were trying to lose pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.In rejecting exercise, some people may be too discouraged by calorie-expenditure charts; for example, one would have to quickly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry. Even exercise professionals concede Americans have a point here. "Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight," says York Onnen, program director of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.Still, exercise's supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.If you have been taking little exercise and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could bum an extra 100 calories daily. In a year' s time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.22. What do we learn about the average American from the passage?23、B[解析]Why do some people reject exercise in their efforts to lose weight?24、C[解析]What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center's study?25、A[解析]Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?Section C26、crash[解析] 26-36Unless we spend money to spot and prevent asteroids, i.e. minor planets, one might (26) crash into earth and destroy life as we know it, say some scientists.Asteroids are bigger (27) versions of the meteoroids that race across the night sky. Most orbit the sun far from earth and don't (28) threaten us. But there are also (29) thousands whose orbits put them on a (30) collision course with earth.Buy ＄50 million worth of new (31) telescopes fight now. Then spend ＄10 million a year for the next 25 years to locate most of the space rocks. By the time we (32) spot a fatal one, the scientists say, we'll have a way to change its course.Some scientists favor pushing asteroids off course with nuclear (33) weapons. But the cost wouldn't be cheap.Is it worth it? Two things experts consider when judging any risk are: (34) How likely the event is; and how bad the consequences if the event occurs. Experts think an asteroid big enough to destroy lots of life might strike earth once every 500,000 years. (35) Sounds pretty rare--but if one did fail, it would be the end of the world. "If we don't take care of these big asteroids, they'll take care of us," says one scientist. "It's that simple."The cure, though, might be worse than the disease. (36) Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on earth? "The world has less to fear from doomsday rocks than from a great nuclear fleet set against them," said a New York Times article.27、versions 28、threaten 29、thousands 30、collision 31、telescopes 32、spot 33、weapons 34、How likely the event is; and how bad the consequences if the event occurs35、Sounds pretty rare--but if one did fall, it would be the end of the world36、Do we really want fleets of nuclear weapons sitting around on earth。

听力（略）Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D),and you should decide which is the best choice. (40 points)Passage 1Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:An unusual cooperation between the local university and other education providers in East Anglia has seen the establishment of Norwich's new Learning Shop. At the city center shop, local people can look through booklets and leaflets to find out about learning opportunities ranging from evening classes to postgraduates（研究生）degrees. Skilled staff are on hand to give accurate information about courses and training in the region.More than 11,000 people have visited the shop since it opened in 1997. The majority of inquiries have been about courses in further education, but 17 percent have related to higher education in general.Customer feedback（反馈）confirms how valuable the resource is. A woman's comment is typical: "It's a brilliant idea ―less daunting than going to the different institutions." A seller told us: "This really gives you hope you can get back into something."Fellow institutions are welcome to set up exhibitions and events at the shop: to date, these have included poetry readings, a recorder concert and numerous exhibitions and displays. The shop is staffed by two advisers and other colleagues from the fellow institutions in the region.Speaking at the "Norwich as a Learning City" conference, Prof. Mike Campell at the local university, said the first barrier（障碍）to learning was lack of information. The Learning Shop aims to break down that barrier.26. For what purpose is the Learning Shop set up?A) To help people know more about higher education.B) To sell booklets and leaflets of the institutions.C) To provide educational opportunities to old people.D) To promote courses and training in the region.27. The word "daunting" (Line 2, Para. 3) is close to________ in meaning.A) disappointingB) boringC) worryingD) discouraging28. What are the visitors to the Learning Shop mainly interested in?A) Further education courses.B) University degree courses.C) Evening classes.D) Part-time courses.29. The events we can find in the Learning Shop include the following EXCEPT ________.A) recorder concertsB) local conferencesC) poetry readingsD) displays and exhibitions30. Which of the following is TRUE according to Prof. Mike Campell?A) The city authorities should run more learning shops.B) People have difficulties in finding out about learning opportunities.C) The staff should provide customers with accurate information.D) Most people want to go back to college.Passage 2Question 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Not all language is verbal. Some of our communication occurs without words. We often useour entire bodies for communication. We may raise our eyebrows（眉毛）to indicate surprise. Perhaps we nod our heads to show that we agree with something. There are hundreds of nonverbal signals that can be used to communicate. These signals are part of language, and they are governed by rules in the same way that our spoken language is. For this reason, people who speak different languages often use different nonverbal signals as well.In addition to verbal communication and the type of nonverbal communication discussed above, there are other message systems that we use to communicate. When we speak to some people, we may stand very close to them, while we may stand far away from other people. Use of space, then, is a way we can communicate the relationship we feel with another person. The waywe dress can also communicate for us. The person who wears dirty jeans and a T-shirt communicates a different attitude from a person who wears neat trousers and an attractive shirt.We can even use time to communicate. The person who is on time for an appointment shows a different attitude from the person who is an hour late does. Can you think of other message systems we use in communication?31. Language, according to the passage, is actually ________.A) verbal onlyB) verbal and nonverbal as wellC) the use of our bodiesD) nonverbal signals32. Nonverbal signals ________.A) have few rulesB) are more useful than speechC) are often used in communicationD) are entirely separate from language33. If a person wears a suit and a tie, it is a matter of ________.A) attitudeB) relationshipC) formalityD) habit34. People who do not speak the same language ________.A) have no nonverbal signals in commonB) cannot communicate with nonverbal signalsC) often have different nonverbal signalsD) use the same nonverbal signals35. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a form of nonverbal communication?A) Pace.B) Time.C) Dressing.D) Space.Passage 3Question 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The market is a concept. If you are growing tomatoes in your backyard for sale, you are producing for the market. You might sell some to your neighbors and some to the manager of alocal store. But in either case, you are producing for the market. Your efforts are directed by the market. If people stop buying tomatoes, you may stop producing.If you take care of a sick person to earn money, you are producing service for the market. If your father is a steelworker or a truck driver or a doctor or a grocer, he is producing goods or services for the market.When you spend your income, you are buying things from the market. If you spend money in stores, supermarkets, gas stations, and restaurants, you are buying from the market. When the local grocer hires you to drive the delivery truck（送货车）, he is buying your labor in the labor market.The market is everywhere, and it's very real. If nobody buys your tomatoes, it won't be long before you get the message. The market is telling you something. It's telling you that you are using energies and resources in doing something the market doesn't want you to do.36. When we are producing for the market, ______.A) our life will become much easierB) we can help others in a better wayC) our efforts are directed by the marketD) we can avoid much waste of money37. You are buying from the market when you ______.A) fix your bike by yourselfB) look after your childrenC) take care of a sick personD) eat out in a restaurant38. The word "real" (line 1, Para. 4) probably means ______.A) urgentB) importantC) seriousD) concrete39. According to the passage the market can tell people ______.A) how to drive a bargainB) what should be producedC) when to stop sellingD) how to increase profits40. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A) To show what the market can do.B) To explain what the market consists of.C) To indicate how to succeed in the market.D) To argue for the necessity of the market.Passage 4Question 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:It is important to point out that the electronic universe is not without problems. Sometimesdata bank producers do not make their products up-to-date as frequently as they should; other on-line systems seem to be forever responding to a single command. In addition, despite the simplicity of concept, no one would argue that the search for information is easy. It can be difficult, for example, to locate the data bank that most likely contains the information you seek.On the other hand, the electronic universe is still young. For all its practical purpose, it is only a decade old, and like our own physical universe, it is constantly expanding. According to Cuadra Associates, publisher of an authoritative directory（指南）of data banks, many new data banks become available on-line each business day.There is every reason to believe that this trend will continue. Indeed, I have long been convinced that in the future, communications and on-line information retrieval（检索）may well be seen as the single most important result of the revolution in personal computers. Indeed, the electronic universe holds as yet unimagined possibilities.41. Which of the following is mentioned as a problem concerning the electronic universe?A) There is no authoritative directory for the use of data banks.B) Data bank producers do not modernize their products as needed.C) The electronic universe is expanding too fast.D) On-line data banks can not meet the needs of a single command.42. What do we know about the development of the electronic universe?A) It is popular everywhere now.B) It is constantly expanding.C) It appeared long time ago.D) It has caused a lot of problems.43. Cuadra Associates' directory can help people ________.A) to learn about the available online data banksB) to become an authoritative directorC) to build a successful data systemD) to update business data banks online44. What will be expected to be the most significant achievement in the revolution in personal computers?A) Locating the data bank containing your information.B) Up-to-date information and rapid communications.C) Communications and on-line information retrieval.D) Frequent responses to computers' command.45. The passage mainly discusses ________.A) the increase of on-line informationB) the improvement of personal computersC) the expansion of electronic universeD) the new ways of communicationsPart III Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentences. (10 points)46. In fact, to make life _____ easier for themselves, some Americans prefer less demanding jobs, even with less pay.A) somewhat B) somehow C) sometime D) somewhere47. Human cloning has been the most controversial _____ in life sciences this year.A) question B) issue C) problem D) trouble48. We hope the measures to control water pollution, _____ taken by the government, will succeed.A) that B) because C) since D) as49. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is quite _____ to perform skillfully yourself.A) other thingB) anotherC) somethingD) the other50. The chemical works that has _____ the fertile fields faces billions of dollars in fines.A) injured B) rotted C) spoiled D) upset51. The first two items of this contract are especially _____ of notice.A) worth B) worthy C) worthwhile D) worthless52. What was intended as a peaceful demonstration rapidly _____ into violence.A) caused B) resorted C) generated D) degenerated53. "Do you want to see my ID card or student card?" "Oh, _____."A) either one does wellB) each one is goodC) either one will doD) each will be fine54. The number of people invited to the party _____ two hundred, but a number of them _____ absent for various reasons.A) were … wasB) was … wereC) was … wasD) were … were55. The two most common _____ in making a cake are flour and sugar.A) elements B) factors C) components D) ingredients56. We had to refuse the dinner invitation because of a _____ engagement.A) primary B) preceding C) prior D) prevalent57. On no _____ will you be allowed to drive after drinking alcohol.A) occasion B) circumstance C) situation D) condition58. The student was _____ his head and wondering how he could afford such an expensive computer.A) scratching B) scraping C) screening D) screeching59. The visitors were amazed to see so many _____ and precious treasures in the museum.A) strange B) infrequent C) rare D) odd60. In summer I like to go to the seaside. It _____ good to lie on the beach or swim in the cool sea.A) feels B) does C) gets D) makes61. The last ten years _____ tremendous changes in the city.A) searched B) investigated C) witnessed D) overlooked62. Mr. Jason is an _____ force ―　he pushes his students to excel far beyond their own expectations.A) excessive B) agreeable C) aggressive D) inspirational63. Foreign tourists who have paid tax on things they have brought into the country can _____ it when they leave the country with them.A) claim B) acclaim C) exclaim D) reclaim64. _____ in thought, Mr. Smith almost ran into the car in front of him.A) Losing B) Lost C) Having lost D) To lose65. For the health of babies, breastfeeding is far superior _____ bottle-feeding.A) to B) than C) beyond D) versusPart IV TranslationSection A:Directions: Read the following passage and translate the 5 underlined sentences into Chinese.(5 points)(66) The basic belief behind adult education programs is that a country will be economically and politically stronger if its people are well educated. Germany worries about Germans who cannotread or write and cannot understand the news or participate in political life. These people will notbe represented in the government. (67) In the United States, it was recently estimated that almost20 percent of the adults have some difficulty reading and that the cost of this lack of education isas much as $225 billion. (68) Brazil（巴西）worries about farmers who do not know enough about modern farming techniques to use technology effectively. Without the help of these farmers, Brazil's agricultural income will be lower.Adult education faces many obstacles, however. Adults are not accustomed to returning to school and sitting for long hours listening to teachers and reading books. Also, many adults are ashamedor afraid to go back to school. (69) They often think that they will appear to be unintelligent orthat they will fail. Adults often have little time for education. They have jobs and families and cannot take four or six or eight or more hours every day to go to school. (70) Because of these problems, adults often cannot go to school, so school must go to the adults.66. __________________________________________________________________________67. __________________________________________________________________________68. __________________________________________________________________________69. __________________________________________________________________________70. __________________________________________________________________________Section BDirections: In this section, you will translate 5 sentences below into English. (10 points)71. 世界上最大的工业--旅游业--每年的产值为4万4千亿美元，并在全世界提供约2亿3千万个工作。

大学英语四级考试听力模拟试卷Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A.,B.,C., and D., and decide which is the best answer.Questions 1 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1、A. His father. B. His mother.C. His brother.D. His sister.2、A. A big travel agency. B. An experienced salesman.C. A job opportunity.D. A general sales manager.3、A. Mr. Green is in a meeting. B. Mr. Green is out of the building.C. Mr. Green has too much work.D. Mr. Green doesn't work there anymore.4、A. The man should call a friend. B. The man should work on his car.C. The man should take a taxi.D. The man should walk to work.5、A. The woman would understand if she did Mary's job.B. The woman should do the typing for Mary.C. The woman should work as hard as Mary.D. The woman isn't a skillful typist.6、A. He doesn't care much about it.B. He enjoys it very much.C. He doesn't mind ever though it's tedious.D. He hates working overtime.7、A. The woman is driving too fast. B. The woman is driving at a slow speed.C. The woman has broken a traffic rule.D. The woman has parked her car in a wrong place.8、A. He praises the woman for doing a good job.B. He enjoys the steak.C. He wants the steak to be cooked for a good while.D. He wants the woman to bring him the steak quickly.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9、A. The purpose of laughter. B. The cause of laughter and its effects.C. Why and when people laugh.D. The origin of laughter.10、A. It is a survival technique for babies.B. It can ease hostilities between parents and children.C. It can make parents fell relaxed to take care of children.D. It can help children to fight diseases.11、A. She can hear them crying very loudly at the zoo.B. She has heard them panting and was told it was laughter.C. She has read about it from Darwin.D. She used to work at a zoo.12、A. He has some pet apes in his apartment.B. He is worried that the chicken he left out will spoil.C. He is worried that his roommates will eat all the chicken.D. He is worried that he will miss out on his dinner.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13、A. She is not sure whether to get a credit card or not.B. She is not sure how to use a credit card.C. She is not sure which credit card to choose.D. She is not sure how much credit line she needs.14、A. Her interest charges are very high after the grace period.B. She can be cut off from using your card.C. She is charged nothing until that date onwards;D. She can keep track of her finances.15、A. Find out more from research.B. Find out more by talking to the bank staff.C. Take some time before actually making a decision.D. Compare a range of options.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA.,B.,C., andD..Passage oneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16、A. China laid the foundation of its first Women and Children Museum last Sunday.B. The project is expected to open in 2007.C. The project is expected to be completed in 2008.D. The museum covers 40,000 square meters on Chang'an Avenue.17、A. To promote gender equality and childhood development.B. To fill a gap in China's museum construction history.C. To promote the growth of economy.D. To boost the development of Beijing's Chang'an Avenue.18、A. Showing children's living conditions, social status, cultural customs.B. Providing a space for children's communication.C. Showing documents, videos, pictures, costumes, toys or handicrafts concerning Chinese children.D. Being interactive and provide a space for children's study and creation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19、A. They thought it was the weapon of the gods.B. They thought it was electricity.C. They thought it was firework of the gods.D. They thought it was a mystery.20、A. He made the first lightning rod.B. He invented electricity.C. He built the Empire State Building.D. He prevented lightning from hitting cars.21、A. A swimming pool. B. A high ground.C. Under a tree.D. A closed car.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22、A. Humans. B. Poultry. C. Fish. D. Monkeys.23、A. 5. B. 10. C. 15. D. 20.24、A. Out of the 15 confirmed human cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 8 deaths.B. Out of the 15 confirmed human cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 10 deaths.C. Out Of the 34 confirmed human cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 15 deaths.D. Out of the 34 confirmed human cases of bird flu in China last year, there were 10 deaths.25、A. Europe. B. Africa. C. America. D. Asia.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 26 to 33 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 34 to 36 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Sand covers not just sea-shores, but also ocean beds, deserts and mountains. It is one of the most common substances on earth. And it is a 26 element in man-made materials too—27 is largely sand, while glass is made by melting sand and some other elements.What exactly is sand? In fact, according to the most generally 28 scheme of measurement, devised by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, grains qualify as sand if their 29 is greater than 0.06 of a millimeter and less than 0.6 of a millimeter.Depending on its age and 30 , particular sand can consist of tiny pebbles or porous granules. Its grains may have the shape of 31 or spirals, their edges jagged or smooth. They have come from the 32 of rocks, or from the skeletons of marine organisms, which accumulate on the 33 of the oceans, or even from volcanic eruptions.Usually, the older the granule, 34 The fine, white beaches of northern Scotland, for instance, are recycled from sandstone several hundred million years old. 35 .Sand is an irreplaceable industrial factor, which has many uses; but it bas one vital function you might never even notice. Sand cushions our land from the sea's impact, 36 .答案:Listening ComprehensionSection A1、D[解析]W: I suppose you have bought some gifts for your family.M: Well, I've bought a shirt for my father and two books for my sister. But I haven't decided what to buy for my mother, probably some jewels.Q: Whom did the man buy the books for?2、C[解析]W: Look, it says they want a senior sales manager, and it seems that it is a big company.M: That's great! For you might have to travel a lot. Do they say anything about experience?Q: What are they talking about?3、A[解析]W: I'm sorry, but I'm afraid that you can't go in now. Mr. Green is in a conference right now.M: OK. I'll just wait for him here.Q: Why can't the man see Mr. Green?4、C[解析]M: How can I get to work without a car?W: Why don't you call for a taxi?Q: What does the woman mean?5、A[解析]W: Mary is always complaining about her job.M: Maybe if you try typing letters every day, you'd see what it's like.Q: What does the man mean?6、B[解析]W: You seem to have a lot of work to do at your office. You're always staying late and working overtime.M: That's true. But it's no bother to me. The work is interesting. I don't mind extra hours at all.Q: How does the man feel about his job?7、C[解析]M: This is a one-way street. Didn't you see the sign?W: Sorry. I didn't.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?8、C[解析]W: How would you like your steak done?M: Uh... let me think... OK, well done, please.Q: What does the man mean?9、B[解析] 9-12M: Well, you seemed to be having fun watching the movie?W: Yeah, it was funny. I think it kept me in stitches right from the start.M: You know, whenever I watch a comedy, I always like to know why it is that people like to laugh. I mean, why does it feel so good to laugh?W: Yeah, I heard from my biology professor that even after centuries of scientific research, no one knows why human beings and just a few other primates laugh.M: I read that Charles Darwin thought that laughter begins with small babies. He believed that even prehistoric parents must have interpreted baby's laughter. The parents enjoyed the laughter, which encouraged them to continue caring for the child.W: Yes, apparently researchers have also found that it has a positive effect on many parents and that it produces certain hormones that actually switch on the body's immune system and actually help fight off diseases. So it could be to help fight off diseases.M: I also heard that some psychology professors found that men are more likely to make jokes than women are, and women are more likely to laugh at them than men are.W: If only your jokes are funny, I might laugh more and fit the pattern.M: Well, I've heard that apes also like laughing.W: I heard that too. Chimpanzees, apes, and a few other primates laugh, but no other animals do. I've seen them laugh at zoos, when tickling each other, and when playing chasing games. Their laugh sounds like rapid panting, but I've been assured it's a kind of laughing.M: Which reminds me I'd better get back to those apes I have for roommates before they eat all the chicken I left out in the kitchen!9. What is the main issue being discussed throughout the conversation?10、C[解析]According to Darwin, why do people laugh?11、B[解析]How does the woman know the primates do laugh?12、C[解析]Why does the man suddenly break up the conversation?13、C[解析] 13-15M: Morning, Alice. Still having problems with your faucet?W: No, got that fixed. But I have another headache—trying to make a decision about credit cards. Well, I need one but which one?M: Yes, that is tricky, especially since the rates are not standard.W: That's fight. What people don't realize is that the credit associations like Visa and MasterCard don't issue credit cards or set terms and interest rates individual banks do,M: So you will need to investigate what interest rates are charged by different issuers.W: Yes, also how the rates are actually calculated, I think.M: Alice, you should remember to ask them what roles you must follow to maintain these rates. If you don't pay off your bill, all new charges will begin rising immediately.W: Yes, that's another problem and banks charge varying amounts for annual membership, late payments and exceeding your credit line.M: You know, I read somewhere that 70% of people with credit cards pay interest on their purchases and only about 2% of the cardholders knew the interest rate they were being charged. Nearly all credit card debt carries an interest rate of 24% or less.W: Wow, I guess I should ask a few hard questions.13. What's the woman's problem?14、A[解析]Why is it important for the woman to know her grace period?15、B[解析]What will the woman probably do next?Section B16、D[解析] 16-18China laid the foundation of its first Women and Children Museum here on Saturday, located on Beijing's Chang'an Avenue, to boost gender equality and childhood development."The museum will fill a gap in China's museum construction history and contribute to carrying forward China's fine national culture," said Huang Qingyi, vice president of the Ali-China Women's Federation, at the foundation stone laying ceremony.The project is expected to be completed in 2007 and will open to visitors in2008, when Beijing holds the Olympic Games.The museum covers 40,000 square meters on Chang'an Avenue, which is the city's main street. It will have exhibition halls describing the role and history of women and children, multi-function meeting rooms and other facilities.The halls for women aim to show women's living conditions, social status, cultural customs and their contributions to the society, while those for children will be interactive and provide a space for their study and recreation.The All-China Women's Federation and several other government departments have started the relic- collection work both in China and overseas. They plan to gather documents, videos, pictures, costumes, toys or handicrafts concerning Chinese women and children at different historical periods.16. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?17、A[解析]Why did China decide, to build its first Women and Children Museum?18、D[解析]What will the hails for children in the museum be like?19、A[解析] 19-21In earliest times, men considered lightning to be one of the great mysteries of nature. Some ancient people believed that lightning and thunder were the weapons of the gods. In reality, lightning is a flow of electricity formed high above the earth.The American scientist and statesman, Benjamin Franklin, was the first to show the connection between electricity and lightning in 1752. In the same year he also built the first lightning rod. This device protects buildings from damage by lightning.Scientists estimate that there are about 2 billion flashes of lightning per year. Lightning hits the Empire State Building in New York City 30 to 48 times a year. In the United States alone it kills an average of one person every day.The safest place to be in case of an electrical storm is in a closed car. Outside, one should go to low ground and should not get under trees. Also, one should stay out of water and away from metal fences. Inside a house, people should avoid open doorways and windows and should net touch wires or metal things.19. What did some ancient people think of lightning?20、A[解析]According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about Benjamin Franklin?21、D[解析]Which is the best place to go during an electrical storm?22、B[解析] 22-25China has agreed to share 20 virus samples from poultry killed by bird flu, in an effort to help scientists trying to develop a vaccine, the WHO said. WHO officials in Beijing said Chinese authorities had granted WHO's request for up to 20 live samples, which will be analyzed in international laboratories to improve understanding of the killer virus.The two sides are working out the logistics, including how to ship the samples and which lab they will go to. The shipment is "significantly larger" than the last one China provided, which consisted of five live viruses from poultry in 2004.WHO enjoyed good cooperation with China's Ministry of Health, which has shared viruses from human cases, but confronted problems trying to convince the Ministry of Agriculture to share samples.Through negotiations, the two sides worked out an arrangement that will give the scientists due credit and involve them in subsequent research whenever possible.WHO officials expressed the hope that the agreement could open the way for more regular sharing of viruses, which is important to determine the different types of strains of the deadly bird flu virus that exist and how they affect humans differently.China has reported 34 outbreaks among poultry since the beginning of last year and 15 confirmed human cases of bird flu, resulting in 10 deaths.The virus has killed more than 100 people worldwide since 2003, mostly in Asia. It has spread from Asia to Europe and Africa in recent months.22. Where did the 20 virus samples to be shared by WHO come from?23、A[解析]How many virus samples did China provide in the last shipment in 2004?24、B[解析]Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?25、D[解析]Which region has been affected most seriously by the bird flu?Section C26、major[解析] 26-36Sand covers not just sea-shores, but also ocean beds, deserts and mountains. It is one of the most common substances on earth. And it is a (26) major element in man-made materials too—(27) concrete is largely sand, while glass is made by melting sand and some other elements.What exactly is sand? In fact, according to the most generally (28) accented scheme of measurement, devised by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, grains qualify as sand if their (29) diameter is greater than 0.06 of a millimeter and less than 0.6 of a millimeter.Depending on its age and (30) origin, particular sand can consist of tiny pebbles or porous granules. Its grains may have the shape of (31) stars or spirals,their edges jagged or smooth; They have come from the (32) erosion of rocks, or from the skeletons of marine organisms, which accumulate on the (33) bottom of the oceans, or even from volcanic eruptions.Usually, the older the granule, (34) the finer they are and the smoother their edges. The fine, white beaches of northern Scotland, for instance, are recycled from sandstone several hundred million years old. (35) Perhaps they will be stone once more. in another few hundred million years.Sand is an irreplaceable industrial factor, which has many uses; but it has one vital function you might never even notice. Sand cushions our land from the sea's impact, (36) and geologists say it often does a better lob of protecting, our shores than the most advanced coastal technology.27、concrete 28、accepted 29、diameter 30、origin 31、stars 32、erosion 33、bottom 34、the finer they are and the smoother their edges 35、Perhaps they will be stone once more, in another few hundred million years 36、and geologists say it often does a better job of protecting our shores than the most advanced coastal technology。

专业英语四级（听力）模拟试卷410(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. DICTATION 2. LISTENING COMPREHENSIONPART I DICTATIONDirections: Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work.听力原文：Irish Students’Drinking Causing High Dropout RateExcessive drinking in Irish universities is a major contributor to an alarming dropout rate at some campuses, education officials said. Higher Education Authority chairman told a conference that data indicated students were spending a significant proportion of their time and money on alcohol, newspapers reported. World Health Organization figures showed that Irish per capita consumption of beer, the preferred drink of young men, was 142.5 liters per year, or almost twice the European Union average. Some campuses are losing almost a third of their students, education officials said. But the dropout rate in Ireland is in line with international trends.1．正确答案：Irish Students’Drinking Causing High Dropout RateExcessive drinking in Irish universities is a major contributor to an alarming dropout rate at some campuses, education officials said. Higher Education Authority chairman told a conference that data indicated students were spending a significant proportion of their time and money on alcohol, newspapers reported. World Health Organization figures showed that Irish per capita consumption of beer, the preferred drink of young men, was 142.5 liters per year, or almost twice the European Union average. Some campuses are losing almost a third of their students, education officials said. But the dropout rate in Ireland is in line with international trends. 涉及知识点：听力PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A TALKIn this section you will hear a talk. You will hear the talk ONCE ONLY. While listening, you may look at ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure the word (s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.听力原文：Slow Down Your Pace of LifeDo you often feel that you could never catch up with the pace of work, life, and others? Are you constantly stressed out? Do you have sleeping problems? If so, you are very likely to be suffering from theenormous pressure generated by the fast-paced modern life. It is time to slow down.First, put your phone away. Nothing will distract you and keep you unfocused more than checking your telephone for messages every two minutes. Texts, emails, Facebook updates and other little messages will be just as compelling an hour from now.When you’re with friends or family, put your phone on silent and keep it tucked away somewhere. Better yet, keep it in the car. Don’t look at it. Make a rule at your next get-together that the first person to check their phone pay for drinks.Increasingly, people are experiencing a phenomenon known as FOMO: the fear of missing out. F-O-M-O. What if you don’t get that status update before everyone else? What if someone beats you to a witty comment stream message? What if your crush texts and you can’t respond right away? Don’t let “convenient” technology create complicated stress in your life. Be willing to miss out momentarily to enjoy the moment you’re experiencing in the real world.Then, you need to leave your work at work. Don’t let the complication of your work day mess up you after work life. Don’t bring any work back to the house to complete later --stay until you can finish for the day. If you’re feeling stressed out after a work day, do something relaxing the minute you get home. So you don’t have to burden your housemates with complaints about the day. Don’t spread the complicated stress around. Cut down your hours as much as you can afford to, if your job is a significant source of complication in your life. If you want to simplify, cutting back on work is one of the easiest ways to do it.Stop working weekends. Even if you love your work, dragging work into your weekends starts unbalancing the proportion in your life. You might not feel it right now, but eventually, this will lead to burn out and/or passion reduction. Block off every weekend for the next six months. Not a single one of those weekends can include work from now st but not least, do one thing at a time. Multi-tasking should be avoided, if possible. It is a myth that a person can focus on more than one thing and do so well. While sometimes you have to, or want to, one at a time should be your ideal. Focus on doing the best possible (or “good enough”) job at this moment. Appreciate what you are doing, even if it is something mundane. Washing the dishes can be pleasurable, if you reflect on how the soapy water feels, your pleasure from your favorite teacup, and how good it feels to have clean dishes.Simplifying doesn’t need to be complicated. You could start today.Slow Down Your Pace of Life1. Put your phone away■Avoid distractions: 【T1】______, emails, Facebook updates 【T1】______■Put your phone 【T2】______ and tuck it away somewhere 【T2】______■Be willing to 【T3】______ awhile to enjoy the real world 【T3】______2. Leave your work at work■No work at home and 【T4】______ if stressed out【T4】______■【T5】______ working hours 【T5】______■Stop 【T6】______ 【T6】______■Unbalanced life causes burn out and/or 【T7】______ 【T7】______3. Do one thing 【T8】______【T8】______■Avoid 【T9】______: focus on doing the best possible job 【T9】______■【T10】______ and reflect on what you are doing 【T10】______正确答案：texts解析：本题考查细节。

新东方大学英语四级考试全国统一模拟冲刺试卷COLLEGE ENGLISH TEST—Band Four —试题册注意事项一、将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡1 和答题卡2 上。

将本试卷代号划在答题卡2 上。

二、试卷册、答题卡1 和答题卡2 均不得带出考场。

考试结束，监考员收卷后考生才可离开。

三、仔细读懂题目的说明。

四、在30 分钟内做完答题卡1 上的作文题。

30 分钟后，考生按指令启封试题册，在接着的15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题。

然后监考员收取答题卡1，考生在答题卡2 上完成其余部分的试题。

全部答题时间为125 分钟，不得拖延时间。

五、考生必须在答题卡上作答，凡是写在试题册上的答案一律无效。

六、多项选择题每题只能选一个答案；如多选，则该题无分。

选定答案后，用HB-2B 浓度的铅笔在相应字母的中部划一条横线。

正确方法是：[A] [B] [C] [D]。

使用其他符号答题者不给分。

划线要有一定的粗度，浓度要盖过字母底色。

七、如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后再按规定重新答题。

八、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。

若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负Part I Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1 上。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Beauty and Body Image in the MediaImages of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their body parts—sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Women’s magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pounds, they’ll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career.Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and more mature than any of the models? The roots, some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal difficult to achieve and maintain, the cosmetic and diet product industries are assured of growth and profits.And it’s no accident that youth is increasingly promoted, along with thinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not all women need to lose weight, for sure they’re all aging, says the Quebec Action Network for Women’s Health in its 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disaster that needs to be dealt with.The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies are more likely to buy beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimated that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year selling temporary weight loss (90 to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight).On the other hand, research indicates that exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls.The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight control—including fasting, skipping meals, excessive exercise, laxative (泻药) abuse, and self-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Women’s Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar.Several studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled “Appearance Culture in Nine- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction,” indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 per cent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 per cent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way.Media activist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, “Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the television programs we watch, almost all of which make us feel anxious about our weight.”Unattainable BeautyPerhaps most disturbing is the fact that media images of female beauty are unattainable for all but a very small number of women. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel. A real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea ( 慢性腹泻) and eventually die from malnutrition. Jill Barad, President of Mattel (which manufactures Barbie), estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own at least one Barbie doll.Still, the number of real life women and girls who seek a similarly underweight body is epidemic, and they can suffer equally devastating health consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating disorder.The Culture of ThinnessResearchers report that women’s magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and articles promoting weight loss than men’s magazines do, and over three-quarters of the covers of women’s magazines include at least one message about how to change a woman’s bodily appearance—by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery.Television and movies reinforce the importance of a thin body as a measure of a woman’s worth. Canadian researcher Gregory Fouts reports that over three-quarters of the female characters in TV situation comedies are underweight, and only one in twenty are above average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receive negative comments from male characters about their bodies (“How about wearing a sack?”), and 80 per cent of these negative comments are followed by canned audience laughter.There have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck ( 抵制，反抗) the trend. For several years the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce has consistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Châtelaine has pledged not to touch up photos and not to include models less than 25 years of age. In Madrid, one of the world’s biggest fashion capitals, ultra-thin models were banned from the runway in 2006. Furthermore Spain has recently undergone a project with the aim to standardize clothing sizes through using a unique process in which a laser beam is used to measure real life women’s bodies in order to find the most true to life measurement.EthicsAnother issue is the representation of ethnically diverse women in the media. A 2008 study conducted by Juanita Covert and Travis Dixon titled “A Changing View: Representation and Effects of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Mainstream Women’s Magazines”found that although there was an increase in the representation of women of colour, overall white women were overrepresented in mainstream women’s magazines from 1999 to 2004. Self-Improvement or Self-Destruction?The barrage of messages about thinness, dieting and beauty tells “ordinary”women that they are always in need of adjustment—and that the female body is an object to be perfected.Jean Kilbourne argues that the overwhelming presence of media images of painfully thin women means that real women’s bodies have become invisible in the mass media. The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many women internalize these stereotypes, and judge themselves by the beauty industry’s standards. Women learn to compare themselves to other women, and to compete with them for male attention. This focus on beauty and desirability “effectively destroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate.”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。

最新英语四级模拟资料Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Seven Ways to Create a Happy HouseholdEvery family is different, with different personalities, customs, and ways of thinking, talking, and connecting to one another. There is no one "right" kind of family. But whether parents are strict or gentle, stormy or calm, home has to be a place of love. encouragement, and acceptance of their feelings and individuality for kids to feel emotionally safe and secure. It also has to be a source of don'ts and limits.Most of us want such an atmosphere to prevail in our homes, but with today's stresses this often seems harder and harder to achieve. From time to time, it helps to take stock and think about the changes we could make to improve our home's emotional climate. Here are a few that will.1. Watch what you say.How we talk to our children every day is part of the emotional atmosphere we weave. Besides giving them oppor¬tunities to be open about how they feel, we have to watch what we say and how we say it.We often forget how much kids take parental criticisms to heart and how much these affect- their feelings about themselves. Psychologist Martin Seligman found that when parents consistently blame kids in exaggerated ways, chil¬dren feel overly guilty and ashamed and withdraw emotionally. Look at the difference between "Roger, this room is al¬ways a pigsty! You are such a slob!" and "Roger, your room is a mess today! Before you go out to play, it has to be picked up. "One way tells Roger he can never do anything right. The other tells him exactly what to do to fix things so he can be back in his mom's good graces and doesn't suggest he has a permanent character flaw. For criticism to be construc¬tive for children, we have to cite causes that are specific and temporary.Another constructive way to criticize children is to remind them of the impact their actions have on us. This pro¬motes empathy rather then resentment.2. Provide order and stability.A predictable daily framework, clear and consistent rules, and an organized house make kids and parents more re¬laxed and comfortable, and that means everyone has emotional balance. When conflicts, tensions, or crises occur, the routine is a reassuring and familiar support, a reliable strand of our lives that won't change.Think about your mornings. Do your kids go off to school feeling calm and confident? Or are they upset and bad-tempered?What about evenings and bedtime? Do you have angry fights over homework or how much TV children can watch? A calm bedtime routine is a good remedy for the dark fears when kids are alone in bed with the lights turned out.Yet a routine that's too inflexible doesn't make room for kids' individual temperaments, preferences, and peculiar behaviors.3. Hold family meetings.Time together is at such a premium in most households that many families, like the Martins, hold regular family meetings so everyone can air and resolve the week's grievances as well as share the good things that happened.When the Martins gather on Friday night, they also take the opportunity to anticipate what's scheduled for the week ahead. That way they eliminate (mostly! ) those last-minute anxieties over whether someone has soccer shoes for the first practice, the books for a report, or a ride toa music lesson.4. Encourage loving feelings.Everyday life is full of opportunities to establish loving connections with our kids. Researchers have found that parents who spend time playing, joking with, and sharing their own thoughts and feelings with their kids have children who are more friendly, generous, and loving.After all, giving love fosters love, and what convinces our kids that we love them more than our willingness to spend time with them? Many parents say that often they feel most in tune emotionally with their kids when they just spend time together—sprawling on the bed to watch TV, walking down the block together to mail a letter, talking on long car rides when kids know they have a parent's complete attention. At these times the hurt feelings and the secret fears are finally mentioned.Part of encouraging loving feelings is insisting that kids treat others, including their brothers and sisters, with kindness, respect, and fairness—at least some of the time. In one family, kids write on a chart in the kitchen at the end of each day the name of someone who did something nice for them.5. Create rituals.Setting aside special times of the day or week to come together as a family gives children a sense of continuity— that certain feelings stay the same even as the kids change and grow. For many families, that means regularly observ¬ing religious rituals. Sunday morning means going to Mass and having hot chocolate afterwards at the town cafe. Oth¬ers create their own rituals to plan the week. Michael's family celebrates with a regular Scrabble and pizza party every Friday night; Dawn's goes to the movies. Holiday rituals give children posits in the year to look forward to.6. Handle challenges with compassion.Home life today is not always stable and secure. Even the best marriages have fights, economic crises, and emo¬tional ups-and-downs. Parents divorce, stepfamilies form, and these changes challenge the most sympathetic parents. But troubles are part of the human condition. Loving families don't ignore them—they try to create a strong emotional climate despite them.In handling parental conflicts, for example, we can explain and apologize to the kids when everything has been re¬solved, as Denise and Peter did after a loud dispute in the kitchen during which voices were raised and tears flowed. After making up, they explained to their kids, "Sometimes we disagree and lose our tempers, too. But now we've worked it out. We're sorry that you overheard our fight. "7. Schedule parent-only time.Parents are the ones who create a home's atmosphere. When we're upset about how much money we owe, wor¬ried about downsizing at the company where we work, or angry at a spouse, that charges the emotional atmosphere in ways kids find threatening. As one friend said sorrowfully, "Parents need special time, too. " Taking a long walk to¬gether to talk without our kids may go a long way to relieve worries and regular "parent-only" dates help us re-experience the love that brought us together in the first place.1. Owing to today's stresses, a desirably emotional family atmosphere for most people has become ______.A) impossible B) more difficult C) easier D) necessary2. As the part of the emotional atmosphere parents weave, how should they talk to their children usually?A) Giving their children opportunities to be open about how they feelB) Having to watch what they say and how they say it.C) Paying attention to their ways and contents of speaking as important as making their children feel open to speak their minds.D) Needlessly to consider so many details.3. In order to provide order and stability, a routine without any change ___A) is helpful for the development of childrenB) make kids and parents more relaxed and comfortable, and that means everyone has emotional balanceC) doesn't make room for kids' individual temperaments, preferences- and peculiar behaviorsD) has both positive and negative effects4. Many families take regular family meetings at the weekend for many purposes excluding ______.A) airing and resolving the week's grievancesB) having family parties to amuse themselvesC) sharing the good things that happenedD) anticipating what's scheduled for the week ahead5. Children's characters of love feelings are influenced by .___.A) the time parents spend with their childrenB) the loving connections between the parents and the kidsC) the everyday lifeD) their own feelings6. The best way for the parents to promote love feelings with the kids is _____.A) playing together outside B) sprawling on the bed to watch TVC) talking with kids naturally and freely D) All of the above7. Making family's own rituals can make the kids feel ______.A) a sense of continuity B) continuous and hopefulC) that certain feelings stay the same D) they have regular activities which make happy8. The changes in home life like fights, economic crises, emotional ups-and -downs, parentsdivorce, and stepfamilies form means ______________.9. From the example of Denise and Peter, we learn that when the parental crises are over, parents had better________________________________________10. The useful way for the parents to create a home's atmosphere when they have troubles is to__________________PartⅢListening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section A11. A) He's growing very quickly. B) He's the tallest of three boys.C) He can jump high. D) He has to leave today at three.12. A) Nothing can help Debra pass the exam. B) Debra doesn't need to study at all.C) Being well rested will help Debra on the exam.D) Debra should get some fresh air in the morning.13. A) The woman's roommate went to get it.B) It was sent to the woman's roommate by mistake.C) The woman picked it up at the post office.D) The postal service delivered it to the woman's house.14. A) He has to wash a thousand dishes. B) He has more dishes than his brother.C) His brother takes too much time washing the dishes.D) He has asked his brother to wash the dishes many times.15. A) He'd like to reschedule the party. B) He and Jill aren't flee next week.C) He's not sure if Jill is available on Friday. D) He doesn't know what to bring to the party.16. A) The bicycle is being repaired. B) The bicycle is new.C) She lent the bicycle to a friend. D) The bicycle is parked outside.17. A) She wanted to visit Joe's home. B) She doesn't understand why Joe left without her.C) Joe should take taxi to her house. D) Joe didn't want to take the taxi to his house.18. A) He has always admired her. B) He wishes he could spend more time with her.C) She's taller than he is. D) She looks very different from him.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) With his grandparents. B) In student housing.C) With his wife's parents. D) In his own apartment.20. A) He has more than one child. B) His wife is a graduate student.C) He is a full-time student. D) He works at the university housing office.21. A) He earns less than $15,000 a year. B) He's looking for a full-time job.C) He thinks his rent is too high. D) He plans to go back to graduate school.22. A) She isn't there in the morning.B) Her assistant isn't there in the morning.C) She won't have the forms he needs until the afternoon.D) She isn't as busy in the afternoon.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) They lived in caves. B) They traveled in groups.C) They had an advanced language. D) They ate mostly fruit.24. A) They lived in large groups. B) They used sand as insulation.C) They kept fires burning constantly. D) They faced their homes toward the south.25. A) Meet his anthropology teacher. B) Lend him her magazine when she's done with itC) Come over to his house after class. D) Help him study for an anthropology test.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) Putting a roof on a barn. B) Harvesting water reeds.C) Using stone as a building material. D) Daily farm operations.27. A) Clay tiles. B) Slate or stone. C) Wooden shingles. D) Reeds or straw.28. A) It's manufactured to be strong. B) It bends without breaking.C) Thatchers nail it down securely. D) The winds can pass through it easily.29. A) If people had more time to learn how to do it. B) If its cost went down.C) If it could make buildings more attractive. D) If people realized its many advantages.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) The coffee market in Boston. B) The role of supermarkets in the coffee businessC) A new trend in the United States. D) The advertising of a new product.31. A) Gourmet coffee is less expensive. B) Regular brands of coffee have too much caffeineC) Gourmet coffee tastes better. D) Gourmet coffee is grown in the United States.32. A) They will run out of coffee.B) They will successfully compete with gourmet coffee sellers.C) They will introduce new regular brands of coffee.D) They will lose some coffee business.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard33. A) How to analyze photographic techniques.B) How to define photography.C) How Alfred Stieglitz contributed to the history of photography.D) Whether photography is superior to other art forms.34. A) They were influenced by his background in engineering.B) They were very expensive to take.C) They were among the first taken under such condition.D) Most of them were of poor quality.35. A) He thought the copying process took too long.B) He considered each photograph to be unique.C) He didn't have the necessary equipment for reproduction.D) He didn't want them to be displayed outside of his home.Section CWelcome to Yellowstone National Park. Before we begin our (36)______walk today, I'd like to give you a short (37)______ of our National Park Service. The National Park Service began in the late 1800's. A small group of (38)_______ had just completed a month-long exploration of the region that is now Yellowstone. They (39)_______around a campfire, and after hours of discussion, they decided that they should not claim this land for themselves. They felt it should be (40)_________to everyone.So they began a (41)_______ to preserve this land for everyone's enjoyment. Two years later, in the late nineteenth century, an act of Congress (42)_______ by President Ulysses S. Grant proclaimed the Yellowstone region a (43)_________park.(44)____________________________________. After Yellowstone became a public park, many other areas of great scenic importance were set aside and in1916 the National Park Service was established to manage these parks.(45)_________________________________________________. In a national park, park rangers are on duty at all times to answer questions and help visitors in any difficulty.(46)____________________________________________.The park service also protects the animals and plants within the parks.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choice. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.If the technological revolution continues to have its (47) __________, there will be fewer jobs, (48) _________ to school-leavers. Two people will therefore work only twenty hours each instead of the forty they are currently accustomed to. It is a well-known fact that those who (49)__________ from stress at work are often not high-powered executives but unskilled workers doing boring, (50) __________ jobs on production lines. Unemployment often has a similar effect on its (51)__________.Many have already turned to pills and tablets to combat sleeplessness and anxiety, two of the symptoms of long-term stress and depression. In America, we spend $ 650 million a year on different kinds of medicines. We swallow a (52)____________ three million sleeping tablets every night. Although these "drugs of the mind" useful in cases of crisis, the (53) ___________ of patients would be better off without them.The boredom and frustration of unemployment are not the only causes of stress: poorhousing, family problems, overcrowding and (54) ___________ worry are all significant factors.(55) ____________, doctors believe that if people learnt to breathe properly, took more exercise, used their leisure time more actively and expressed their anger instead of bottling it up, they would not depend so much on drugs, which (56) __________ only the symptoms and not the cause of the stress.A) Nevertheless B) staggering C) repetitive D) number E) diagnoseF) financial G) victims H) undoubtedly I) Therefore J) majorityK) treat L) suffer M) effects N) results O) particularly Section B Passage One Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Personality is to a large extent inherent-A-type parents usually bring about A-type off-spring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor in the lives of their children.School is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by academic achievements. The current passion for making against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences.By far the worst form of competition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B's. Schools should allow pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A-type stock. B's areimportant and should be encouraged.57.According to the passage, A-type individuals are usually __________.A) impatient B) considerate C) aggressive D) agreeable58.Why is the author strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools?A) The pressure is too great on the students B) Failure rates are too high.C) The priority of a school is to let pupils get prepared for their future careers.D) The results of examinations are doubtful.59.The selection of medical professionals are currently based on ______________.A) candidates' sensitivity B) academic achievements C) competitive spirit D) surer values60.From the passage we can draw the conclusion that__________.A) B-type persons can find no place in a competitive society.B) The personality of a child is well established at birth.C) Schools dominate one's personality.D) The development of one's personality is due to many factors.61.What does the word "disproportionate" ( Para. 3)mean?A) inappropriate B) unimportant C) out of proportion D) improper Passage Two Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Consumers are frequently unaware that about 30 percent of nation wide department stores are franchised(给予经销权) with numerous outlets. Chain stores are a group of retail stores that are supervised or coordinated by centralized management. From a business perspective, chain stores have numerous advantages over independent stores, one of which is that the parent company almost always has the credit to purchase large quantities of goods to supply to its outlets and to receive a discount for placing such an order. Through the centralized system of distribution, chain stores can absorb the cost and price differential and attract consumers with various physical and psychological needs. They can also distribute their operating costs for accounting, advertising, marketing, merchandising, and transportation.In general, approximately 50 percent of gross product cost results from the associated marketing research and distribution. While research focuses on the probable market segments, it strongly considers consumer behavior and cognitive motives rather than the actual prices of goods. Similarly, the cost increase in the multiple channels of distribution accounts for about 23 percent of the unit price. By combining their marketing resources and distribution and networks, franchise outlets can avoid performing whole stages of marketing studies and layers of distribution networks to reduce unit prices. It is the central company that conducts marketing and communicates with manufacturers, thus controlling production decisions and the pricing policy. Franchises operate according to their contracts with the parent company and pay it a fraction of their net gains. They symbolize a brand name and identify their goods with a particular range of quality that sets it apart from other similar products. Essentially, chain stores convert consumer brand name loyalty into profit; this factor determines franchise proliferation and results in a relatively low degree of failure.62. What is the passage mainly about?A) The Marketing of Chain Store ProductsB) Marketing Studies and Distribution NetworksC) The Mechanism of Chain StoresD) Pricing and Distribution63. It can be inferred from the passage that chain stores____________.A) are more profitable than department storesB) can reduce their operating costs by the centralized management systemC) enjoy more freedom in pricing.D) have a greater appeal than the parent company64. Who is responsible for the marketing and communicating with the manufacturers according to the passage?A) The parent company B) Retailers C) Chain stores D) Independent outlets65. What does " a fraction of their net gains"(Para.2) mean?A) a certain amount of their net profitB) a small amount of their net profitC) part of their net profitD) a large amount of their net profit66. It can be inferred from the passage that the parent company probably dictates__________.A) what sales personnel are employedB) what profit an outlet makesC) how products are soldD) how goods are advisedPart V Cloze (15 minutes)What makes a home? Love and sympathy and confidence. It is a place_67_ kindly affections _68_ among all the members of the family. The parents take good care of their children, and the children are interested in the _69_ of their parents. Thus all of them are _70_ together by affection, and they find their home to be the 71 place in the world.A home without love is no more a home_72_ a body without a _73_ is a man. A man may74 a successful and prosperous life, but prosperity alone can _75__ 76_ happiness. Many great personages in the world history had 77 affections for their homes.Your home may be poor and _78_, but your duty lies there. You should try to make it cheerful and comfortable. The _79_ the difficulties, the richer will be your _80_.A home is more than a family school in which people are trained for_81_. A man will not _82_ good service to his country if he can do nothing good for his home; for in _83_ as he loves his home, will he love his country. The home is the _84_ of true patriotism. It is the secret of social _85_ and national greatness. It is the basis and _86_ of civilization.67.A)that B)which C)as D)where68.A)exist B)prevail C)occur D)stand69.A)ideas B)actions C)words D)activities70.A)fastened B)bound C)wrapped D) strapped71.A)cheeriest B)best C)most comfortable D)dearest72.A)as B)for C)like D)than73.A)heart B)mind C)soul D)brain74.A)make B)do C)lead D)live75.A)by no means B)by all means C)somehow D)anyway76.A)assure B)insure C)promise D)reassure77.A)deep B)intense C)strong D)profound78.A)penniless B)simple C)humble D)plain79.A)great B)greater C)greatest D)large80.A)consequence B)benefit C)triumph D)reward81.A)rights B)obligations C)membership D)citizenship82.A)render B)give C)provide D)offer83.A)contrast B)proportion C)reply D)time84.A)breeding ground B)nourishment C) greenhouse D)birthplace85.A)welfare B)interest C)advantages D)success86.A)foundation B)origin C)establishment D)groundPart VI Translation (5 minutes)87. From that day on, ________________________. (我的生活才过得有意义)88. It is high time that ________________________. (杜绝这种错误)89. It is not that he is not clever enough, ___________________________. (而是他已沉迷网络很久了)90. It is no good__________________________. (再继续和他争吵)91. No one could account for_________________________. (他一夜之间成了百万富翁)Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)本文讨论的是创造美满家庭的七条秘诀：注意自己的谚语；制定规则和常规；举行家庭聚会；鼓励亲情与爱心；带着同情心去处理挑战；确定父母独处的时间。