无机非金属材料专业英语单词

专业词汇列表晶体结构（structure of crystal）原子质量单位 Atomic mass unit (amu)原子量 Atomic weight键能 Bonding energy共价键 Covalent bond电子构型electronic configuration正电的 Electropositive氢键 Hydrogen bond同位素 Isotope摩尔 Mole泡利不相容原理 Pauli exclusion principle原子 atom分子量 molecule weight量子数 quantum number范德华键 van der waals bond点群 point group各向异性 anisotropy 体心立方结构 body-centered cubic (BCC)布拉格定律bragg’s law晶体结构 crystal structure晶体的 crystalline中子衍射 neutron diffraction晶界 grain boundary鲍林规则Pauling’s rulesCsCl型结构 Caesium Chloride structure纤锌矿型结构 Wurtzite structure 萤石型结构 Fluorite structure尖晶石型结构 Spinel-type structure岛状结构 Island structure层状结构 Layer structure滑石 talc高岭石 kaolinite 长石 feldspar各向同性的 isotropic晶格 lattice密勒指数 miller indices 多晶的 polycrystalline原子数 Atomic number波尔原子模型 Bohr atomic model库仑力 Coulombic force分子的构型 molecular configuration负电的Electronegative基态 Ground state离子键 Ionic bond金属键 Metallic bond 分子 Molecule元素周期表 Periodic table极性分子 Polar molecule价电子valence electron电子轨道 electron orbitals对称要素 symmetry elements 原子堆积因数 atomic packing factor(APF)面心立方结构 face-centered cubic (FCC)配位数 coordination number晶系 crystal system衍射diffraction电子衍射 electron diffraction六方密堆积 hexagonalclose-packed (HCP)NaCl型结构 NaCl－type structure闪锌矿型结构 Blende-type structure金红石型结构 Rutile structure钙钛矿型结构 Perovskite-type structure硅酸盐结构 Structure of silicates链状结构 Chain structure架状结构Framework structure叶蜡石 pyrophyllite石英 quartz美橄榄石 forsterite 各向异性的 anisotropy晶格参数 lattice parameters非结晶的noncrystalline多晶形 polymorphism单晶 single crystal电位 electron states电子 electrons金属键 metallic bonding极性分子 polar molecules 衍射角 diffraction angle粒度,晶粒大小 grain size显微照相photomicrograph透射电子显微镜 transmission electron microscope (TEM)四方的 tetragonal配位数 coordination number晶胞 unit cell(化合)价 valence共价键 covalent bonding离子键 Ionic bonding原子面密度 atomic planar density合金 alloy显微结构 microstructure扫描电子显微镜 scanning electron microscope (SEM)重量百分数 weight percent单斜的 monoclinic晶体结构缺陷(defect of crystal structure)缺陷 defect, imperfection线缺陷 line defect, dislocation体缺陷 volume defect位错线 dislocation line螺位错 screw dislocation晶界 grain boundaries小角度晶界 tilt boundary,位错阵列 dislocation array位错轴dislocation axis位错爬移 dislocation climb位错滑移 dislocation slip 位错裂纹 dislocation crack位错密度 dislocation density间隙原子interstitial atom间隙位置 interstitial sites弗伦克尔缺陷 Frenkeldisorder主晶相 the host lattice缔合中心 Associated Centers.电子空穴 Electron Holes克罗各-明克符号 Kroger Vink notation固溶体 solid solution化合物 compound置换固溶体 substitutional solid solution不混溶固溶体immiscible solid solution有序固溶体 ordered solid solution固溶强化solid solution strengthening点缺陷 point defect面缺陷 interface defect位错排列 dislocation arrangement刃位错 edge dislocation混合位错 mixed dislocation大角度晶界 high-angle grain boundaries孪晶界 twin boundaries位错气团 dislocation atmosphere位错胞 dislocation cell位错聚结 dislocation coalescence位错核心能量dislocation core energy位错阻尼 dislocation damping原子错位substitution of a wrong atom晶格空位 vacant lattice sites杂质impurities肖脱基缺陷 Schottky disorder错位原子 misplaced atoms自由电子 Free Electrons伯格斯矢量 Burgers中性原子 neutral atom固溶度 solid solubility间隙固溶体 interstitial solid solution金属间化合物intermetallics转熔型固溶体 peritectic solid solution无序固溶体disordered solid solution取代型固溶体 Substitutional solid solutions 过饱和固溶体 supersaturated solid solution非化学计量化合物Nonstoichiometric compound表面结构与性质(structure and property of surface)表面 surface同相界面 homophase boundary晶界 grain boundary小角度晶界 low angle grain boundary共格孪晶界 coherent twin boundary错配度 mismatch重构 reconstuction表面能 surface energy扭转晶界 twist grain boundary共格界面 coherent boundary非共格界面 noncoherent boundary应变能 strain energy惯习面 habit plane 界面 interface异相界面 heterophase boundary表面能 surface energy大角度晶界 high angle grain boundary晶界迁移 grain boundary migration驰豫relaxation表面吸附 surface adsorption倾转晶界 titlt grain boundary倒易密度 reciprocal density半共格界面 semi-coherent boundary界面能 interfacial free energy晶体学取向关系 crystallographic orientation非晶态结构与性质(structure and property of uncrystalline)熔体结构 structure of melt玻璃态 vitreous state粘度 viscosity介稳态过渡相 metastable phase淬火 quenching玻璃分相 phase separation in glasses 过冷液体 supercooling melt软化温度 softening temperature表面张力 Surface tension组织 constitution退火的 softened体积收缩 volume shrinkage扩散(diffusion)活化能 activation energy浓度梯度 concentration gradient菲克第二定律Fick’s second law稳态扩散 steady state diffusion扩散系数 diffusion coefficient填隙机制 interstitalcy mechanism短路扩散 short-circuit diffusion下坡扩散 Downhill diffusion扩散通量 diffusion flux菲克第一定律Fick’s first law相关因子 correlation factor非稳态扩散 nonsteady-state diffusion 跳动几率 jump frequency晶界扩散 grain boundary diffusion上坡扩散 uphill diffusion互扩散系数 Mutual diffusion渗碳剂 carburizing浓度分布曲线 concentration profile驱动力 driving force自扩散 self-diffusion空位扩散 vacancy diffusion扩散方程 diffusion equation扩散特性 diffusion property达肯方程 Dark equation本征热缺陷 Intrinsic thermal defect离子电导率 Ion-conductivity浓度梯度 concentration gradient扩散流量 diffusion flux间隙扩散 interstitial diffusion表面扩散 surface diffusion扩散偶 diffusion couple扩散机理 diffusion mechanism无规行走 Random walk柯肯达尔效应 Kirkendall equation本征扩散系数 Intrinsic diffusion coefficient 空位机制 Vacancy concentration腐蚀与氧化（corroding and oxidation）氧化反应 Oxidation reaction还原反应 Reduction reaction价电子 Valence electron腐蚀介质 Corroding solution电动势 Electric potential推动力 The driving force腐蚀系统 Corroding system腐蚀速度 Corrosion penetration rate 电流密度 Current density电化学反应 Electrochemical reaction 极化作用 Polarization过电位 The over voltage浓差极化 Concentration polarization 电化学极化 Activation polarization 极化曲线 Polarization curve缓蚀剂 Inhibitor原电池 galvanic cell电偶腐蚀 galvanic corrosion电位序 galvanic series应力腐蚀 Stress corrosion冲蚀 Erosion-corrosion腐蚀短裂 Corrosion cracking防腐剂 Corrosion remover腐蚀电极 Corrosion target隙间腐蚀 Crevice corrosion均匀腐蚀 Uniform attack晶间腐蚀 Intergranular corrosion焊缝破坏 Weld decay选择性析出 Selective leaching氢脆损坏 Hydrogen embitterment阴极保护 Catholic protection穿晶断裂 Intergranular fracture固相反应和烧结(solid state reaction and sintering) 固相反应 solid state reaction烧成 fire再结晶 Recrystallization成核 nucleation子晶，雏晶 matted crystal异质核化 heterogeneous nucleation铁碳合金 iron-carbon alloy铁素体 ferrite共晶反应 eutectic reaction烧结 sintering合金 alloy二次再结晶 Secondary recrystallization结晶 crystallization耔晶取向 seed orientation均匀化热处理 homogenization heat treatment渗碳体 cementite奥氏体 austenite固溶处理 solution heat treatment相变 (phase transformation)过冷 supercooling晶核 nucleus形核功 nucleation energy均匀形核 homogeneous nucleation形核率 nucleation rate热力学函数 thermodynamics function临界晶核 critical nucleus枝晶偏析 dendritic segregation平衡分配系数 equilibrium distribution coefficient 成分过冷 constitutional supercooling共晶组织 eutectic structure伪共晶 pseudoeutectic表面等轴晶区 chill zone中心等轴晶区 equiaxed crystal zone急冷技术 splatcooling单晶提拉法 Czochralski method位错形核 dislocation nucleation斯宾那多分解 spinodal decomposition马氏体相变 martensite phase transformation成核机理 nucleation mechanism过冷度 degree of supercooling形核 nucleation晶体长大 crystal growth非均匀形核 heterogeneous nucleation长大速率 growth rate临界晶核半径 critical nucleus radius局部平衡 localized equilibrium有效分配系数 effective distribution coefficient 引领（领先）相 leading phase层状共晶体 lamellar eutectic离异共晶 divorsed eutectic柱状晶区 columnar zone定向凝固 unidirectional solidification区域提纯 zone refining晶界形核 boundary nucleation晶核长大 nuclei growth有序无序转变 disordered-order transition马氏体 martensite成核势垒 nucleation barrier相平衡与相图（Phase equilibrium and Phase diagrams）相图 phase diagrams组分 component相律 Phase rule浓度三角形 Concentration triangle成分 composition相平衡 phase equilibrium热力学 thermodynamics吉布斯相律 Gibbs phase rule吉布斯自由能 Gibbs free energy吉布斯熵 Gibbs entropy热力学函数 thermodynamics function过冷 supercooling杠杆定律 lever rule相界线 phase boundary line共轭线 conjugate lines相界反应 phase boundary reaction相组成 phase composition金相相组织 phase constentuent相衬显微镜 phase contrast microscope相分布 phase distribution相平衡图 phase equilibrium diagram相分离 phase segregation相 phase组元 compoonent投影图 Projection drawing冷却曲线 Cooling curve自由度 freedom化学势 chemical potential相律 phase rule自由能 free energy吉布斯混合能 Gibbs energy of mixing吉布斯函数 Gibbs function热分析thermal analysis过冷度 degree of supercooling相界 phase boundary相界交联 phase boundary crosslinking相界有限交联phase boundary crosslinking相变 phase change共格相 phase-coherent相衬 phase contrast相衬显微术 phase contrast microscopy相平衡常数 phase equilibrium constant相变滞后 phase transition lag相序 phase order相稳定性 phase stability相稳定区 phase stabile range相变压力 phase transition pressure同素异晶转变 allotropic transformation显微结构 microstructures不混溶性 immiscibility相态 phase state相变温度 phase transition temperature 多晶转变 polymorphic transformation相平衡条件 phase equilibrium conditions低共熔体 eutectoid。

Metallic material金属材料Free electron自由电子Pure metal纯金属Outermost layer of electrons外层电子The given atom特定原子Free electron gas自由电子气Existence存在Structure结构Property性能Characteristic特征Profound consequence重要影响Electrical conductivity导电性Conductivity电导率、Electrical resistance电阻Distinguish区分Approach做法Arbitrary随意Graphite石墨Carbon碳Precipitation析出Chlorine氧Insulator绝缘体Alloy合金Element元素Weld焊接Melt熔融Catastrophic灾难性的Corrosion腐蚀Effectively实际上Brass黄铜Copper铜Zinc锌Iron铁Nickel镍Melting point熔点Aluminum铝Solid solution固溶体Intermetallic compound金属间化合物Fully soluble in each other完全互溶Side effect边界效应Dissolve溶解Solvent溶剂Solute溶质Phase相Circumstance情形Formation形式Ionic bonding离子键Valency化合价Periodic table周期表Position位置Form成为Stainless steels不锈钢Valence electron价电子Transition metal过渡金属Solid-solubility固溶性Crystal structure晶体结构陶瓷Composite复合材料Steel reinforced concrete钢筋混凝土Be defined as被定义为Inorganic non-metallic material无机非金属材料Clay粘土Mineral矿物质Powder粉体Crystalline结晶度Crystal晶体Silicate-based ceramics硅基陶瓷Advanced or technical ceramics先进陶瓷技术陶瓷Cutting tools切削工具Figurine雕像Temperature温度Kiln窑Functional pottery vessel功能陶瓷器皿Utilitarian功利主义的A fine clay-like material类粘土粉料Flourish繁荣Glass manufacture玻璃加工Pottery making陶器制作Fire烧制Calcium oxide 氧化钙Coloured glaze彩色釉面Since these ancient times自古以来Commercial application商业应用Non-ferrous metal非铁金属Sophisticated refractory materials高级耐火材料耐热heat-proof模子mould秦始皇陵兵马俑life-size terra-cotta soldiers and horses in Chin tomb 硬度hardness高温陶瓷refractory chinaFurnace炉子Fire places壁炉Incandescent light bulb白炽灯Hardness硬度Transparency透明度Hold a vacuum保持真空Light source光源Establish确立Durability耐久性Efficient节能Fluorescent lamp荧光灯Neon lamp霓虹灯Exterior室外Sodium discharge lamp钠灯Instrument panel indicator仪表面板指示器Optical fibre networks光导纤维网Data storage数据存储Document production公文制作Laser printer 激光打印Light-emitring diode发光二极管Electronic industry电子工业Insulator绝缘体Semiconductor半导体Superconductor超导体Magnet磁体Electrical insulator电的绝缘体Ceramics spark plug陶瓷火花塞Ignite fuel点燃燃料Internal combustion engine内燃机Automobile汽车High voltage insulator高压绝缘体Telecommunication长途通信Copper wire铜线Cable电缆Copper mining铜矿Capture toxic material捕获有毒物质Encapsulate nuclear waste包埋核废料Diesel柴油Wear resistant耐磨损Properties性能Ceramic tile瓷砖Thermal barrier tile热障瓷砖Engineering ceramics工程陶瓷Technical ceramics技术陶瓷Mechanical properties机械性能Corrosion/oxidation resistance抗腐蚀抗氧化Segment部分Structure ceramics结构陶瓷Electrical and electronic 电工电子Ceramics coating陶瓷涂层Bioceramics生物陶瓷Component零件Industrial wear parts工业磨损部件Filter过滤器Membrane隔膜Catalyst催化剂Support载体Bayer process拜耳法Aluminum powders氧化铝粉Pure纯的、Microstructure微结构Crystal structure晶体结构Mineral-based ceramics矿物基陶瓷Powder processing粉体处理Shape forming产品定型Non-destructive evaluation非破坏性评价Machining加工Standardization标准化Materials property database材料性能数据库Gelcasting凝胶铸造Freezecasting冷冻铸造Injection moulding注射成型Rapid prototyping快速原型制造Manufacture生产Fuel cell燃料电池Batteries电池Smart material智能材料Sensing感知Actuate驱动Intelligence智能Piezoelectric properties压电性能Carry electricity输电Power component电力元件Circuit电路Magnetic resonance imaging scanners核磁共振成像扫描器MRIMagnetic levitation trains磁悬浮列车Medical field医疗领域Refractory ceramics耐火陶瓷Cellular ceramics多孔陶瓷聚合物Macromolecular大分子Polymer聚合物Cross section典型Elastomer弹性体、合成橡胶Rubber橡胶Repeating unite重复单元Isoprene异戊二烯Cross-linking交联Sulfur chain fragment硫链碎片Vulcanization硫化作用synthetic variety合成品种styrene-butadiene rubber丁苯橡胶SBR initiator引发剂soften变软harden变硬rigid material刚性材料versatile通用low density polyethylene低密度聚乙烯LDPE branched polyethylene枝状聚乙烯linear polyethylene线性聚乙烯ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene超高分子量聚乙烯Extremely tough极端坚韧Resilient有弹性的Artificial silk人造丝Manmade fiber人造纤维Nylon尼龙Axial ratios 轴径比Synthetic polymer合成聚合物Desirable理性的Ironing熨烫Tensile strength拉伸强度Adequate stiffness适度强度Parachute将落伞Elasticity弹性Toughness韧性Resistance to abrasion耐磨性Static charge静电累积Textile纺织品Bullet-proof vest防弹背心Spinning纺丝Injection molding注塑成型Glass transition temperature玻璃化转变温度Molten熔融的Squeeze挤Extrusion挤出成型Die 模子Mold模具Tubing管材Hose软管Cross-sectional横断面Melt、dry、wet spinning熔体、干、湿纺丝Principal原理Hole孔Spinneret喷丝头Polymer morphology聚合物形态学Chain alignment链排列Enhance crystallinity结晶度。

材料学专业英语加工方法Manufacturing Method拉力强度Tensile Strength机械性能 Mechanical Properites低碳钢或铁基层金属Iron & Low Carbon as Base Metal镀镍 Nickel Plated 镀黄铜 Brass Plated马氏铁体淬火 Marquenching退火 Annealing 淬火 Quenching高温回火High Temperature Tempering应力退火温度 Stress –relieving Annealing Temperature 晶粒取向(Grain-Oriented)及非晶粒取向(Non-Oriented硬磁材料Hard Magnetic Material表面处理 Surface Finish硬度 Hardness 电镀方法Plating type 锌镀层质量 Zinc Coating Mass表面处理 Surface Treatment 拉伸应变Stretcher Strains焊接Welding 防止生锈Rust Protection硬度及拉力Hardness & Tensile strength test 连续铸造法Continuous casting process珠光体 Pearlite 单相金属Single Phase Metal Ferrite渗碳体Cementitle奥氏体 Austenite软磁 Soft Magnetic硬磁Hard Magnetic疲劳测试Impact Test热膨胀系数Coefficient of thermal expansion比重Specific gravity化学性能 Chemical Properties物理性能 Physical Properties 再结晶 Recrystallization硬化 Work Hardening包晶反应 Peritectic Reaction包晶合金Peritectic Alloy 共晶Eutectic临界温度 Critical temperature 自由度Degree of freedom相律Phase Rule金属间化物 Intermetallic compound 固熔体 Solid solution 置换型固熔体 Substitutional type solid solution米勒指数 Mill's Index晶体结构Crystal structure金属与合金Metal and Alloy金属特性Special metallic featuresStrength抗腐蚀及耐用Corrosion & resistance durability强度Strengthen 无机非金属inorganic nonmetallic materials 燃料电池fuel cell新能源new energy resources材料科学专业学术翻译必备词汇材料科学专业学术翻译必备词汇编号中文英文。

合肥工业大学各学院、专业名称及其英文翻译仪器科学与光电工程学院 School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronic Engineering1、测控技术与仪器 Measurement & Control Technology and Instrument2、光信息科学与技术 Optic Information Science & Technology机械与汽车工程学院 School of Machinery and Automobile Engineering3、车辆工程 Vehicles Engineering4、工业工程 Industrial Engineering5、工业设计 Industry Design6、过程装备与控制工程 Process Equipment & Control Engineering7、机械设计制造及其自动化 Machine Design & Manufacture & Its Automation8、交通工程 Transportation Engineering9、热能与动力工程 Thermal Energy & Power Engineering材料科学与工程学院 School of Material Science and Engineering10、金属材料工程 Metal Materials Engineering11、材料物理 Materials Physics12、无机非金属材料工程 Inorganic Non-metallic Materials Engineering13、材料成型及控制工程 Material Forming & Control Engineering电气与自动化工程学院 School of Electric Engineering and Automation14、电气工程及其自动化 Electric Engineering and Automation15、生物医学工程 Biomedical Engineering16、自动化 Automation计算机与信息学院 School of Computer and Information17、计算机科学与技术 Computer Science & Technology18、电子信息工程 Electronic Information Engineering19、电子信息科学与技术 Electronic Information Science & Technology20、通信工程 Communications Engineering21、信息安全Information Security化学工程学院 School of Chemical Engineering22、高分子材料与工程 Macromolecule Material and Engineering23、化学工程与工艺 Chemical Engineering and Technics24、制药工程 Pharmacy Engineering25、应用化学 Applied Chemistry土木建筑工程学院 School of Civil Engineering26、给排水工程 Water Supply & Drainage Engineering27、工程力学 Engineering Mechanics28、水利水电工程 Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering29、土木工程 Civil Engineering30、建筑环境与设备工程 Architectural Environment & Equipment Engineering建筑与艺术学院 School of Architecture and Arts31、城市规划 Urban Planning32、建筑学 Architecture33、艺术设计 Artistic Design资源与环境学院 School of Resources and Environment34、地理信息系统 Geographic Information System35、环境工程 Environment Engineering36、勘查技术与工程 Exploration Technology & Engineering37、资源勘查工程 Resources Exploration Engineering理学院 School of Sciences38、电子科学与技术 Electronic Science & Technology39、数学与应用数学 Applied Mathematics40、微电子学 Microelectronics41、信息与计算科学 Science of Information & Computation42、应用物理学 Applied Physics管理学院 School of Management43、电子商务 Electronic Commerce44、会计学 Accounting45、工商管理 Business Management46、劳动与社会保障 Labour and Social Security47、信息管理与信息系统 Information Management & System48、旅游管理 Tourism Management49、市场营销 Marketing人文经济学院 School of Humanities and Economics50、财政学 Finance51、广告学 Advertisement52、国际经济与贸易 International Economy & Trade53、经济学 Economics54、思想政治教育 Education in Ideology and Politics55、英语 English56、法学 Law57、社会工作 Social Work生物与食品工程学院 School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering58、生物工程 Bioengineering59、生物技术 Biotechnology60、食品科学与工程 Food Science and Engineering。