Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
on are based world's or two three days, the best weather forecasts Beyond guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.
and to a global —The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather fails ___41___ snowstorms—any thunderstorms forecaster, small can mean and
of chain a ___42___, rapidly. Errors and uncertainties gathering upward through continent-size features, unstable from dust devils to windstorms ) (尘旋风and up
) ___43___ satellites can see.
eddies (旋风The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty
miles apart, and even so, some ___44___ data has to be guessed, since ground stations with be earth the could covered suppose everywhere. cannot and satellites see But sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot ___45___ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly ___46___ readings of temperature, ) would want. meteorologistpressure, dampness, and any other quantity a (气象工作者and ___48___ computer takes Exactly at noon a(n) ___47___ powerful all the data what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 …The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will
have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will ___49___ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ___50___. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.
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Keys:
41-45 KJIGH 46-50 AFDEC
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each
Rain forests, found in Earth's temperate and tropical (热带的) zones, are some
of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, thedensevegetation of thetop branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest's insect and animal life grows well in the canopy's leafy and sunlit environment. The forest's groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun's light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils,
___43___ plant growth.
Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth's total ecology. Huge amounts of
water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration (蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis (光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more
oxygen than any other ecosystem.
The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the
profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are
___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly
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___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some
___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.
Keys:
41-45 F G K D J
46-50 I H B A E
