Drilling&Safety

钻井英语300句Drilling 钻井1. Prepare bell nipple. 准备”喇叭口”短节.2. Make up 2 joints of drill pipe. 接两根钻杆.3. Break out this connection. 卸开该接头.4. Make up bottom hole assembly. 组合下部钻具5. Check and reset crown-saver on every tour. 每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置.6. Number stands on trip out and trip in. 起下钻时给立柱编号.7. Pick up stands. 接立柱8. Don’t drill faster than 15 minutes for 1 stand. 钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱9. Drop TOTCO. 投(陶特)测斜仪10. Resume drilling to T.D. 继续钻进到总深11. Circulate 15 minutes.循环15分钟12. Run in hole. 下钻13. Pull out of hole. 起钻14. Operate the air winch. 操作气动绞车15. Lay down 57 joints of 5” drill pipe. 甩57根钻杆16. Circulate mud for 2 hours. 循环泥浆2小时17. Move string during circulation. 在循环时注意活动钻具18. Circulate hole clean. 循环清洗井眼19. Circulate bottoms up. 循环泥浆几周20. Fill up every 5 stands. 每5柱灌泥浆一次21. Check mud weight every 15 minutes. 每15分钟检查泥浆比重22. Change/replace old mud by new mud. 用新的泥浆替换出旧的泥浆23. Stop drilling. 停止钻进24. Drilling ahead. 钻进25. Pull out of hole with bit. 起出钻头26. Change bit. 换钻头27. Run the wear bushing. 下抗磨补心28. The bit thread type is regular pin. 钻头丝扣是正规公扣29. What’s the make-up torque? 上扣扭矩要多大?30. Run in 9” c ollars. 下9”钻铤31. Connect crossover sub. 接上配合接头32. The tong angle is too small. 大钳的角度太小了33. Stop circulating. 停止循环泥浆34. Break out the stand. 卸立柱35. Set the single into the mousehole. 把这个单根放进鼠洞36. Can we break out the pipe with rotary table? 可用转盘卸扣吗?37. No! Break it out with tong. 不行! 要用大钳卸扣38. Put the pipe wiper on the string. 装上钻杆刮泥器39. Don’t set this stand back. 这根钻杆不要放在钻杆盒上40. Make up the lift sub. 接好提升短节41. Secure the safety clamp. 上紧安全卡瓦42. The bit is nearing the shoe. 钻头快到套管鞋了43. Slow down the running speed. 放慢下放速度44. This is the undergauged interval. 这是缩径井段45. This is the drilling program. 这是钻井设计书46. How much weight on bit is required? 要加多少钻压?47. Keep the rotary speed at 120---140 RPM. 转速保持120---140转/分48. Keep the flow rate at 3000 LPM. 保持排量3000升/分49. The pump pressure is too high. 泵压太高了50. Don’t ream the hole too fast. 划眼不要太快51. Notice the rotary torque. 注意转盘扭矩的变化52. The penetration rate is getting slower. 钻速变慢了53. The bit is nearly worn out. 钻头快磨光了54. Stop drilling at 2000 meters. 钻至2000米停钻55. Circulate for one hour. 循环一个小时56. The pump pressure has increased. 泵压升高了57. One nozzle may be plugged. 可能有一个水眼(或: 喷嘴)堵了58. What is the hook load? 悬重多少?59. What’s the pick-up weight? 上提重量是多少?60. What’s the lowering weight? 下放重量是多少?61. Run in HWDP. 下加重钻杆62. A stabilizer is needed here. 这里需要一个扶正器63. This is a flexible sub. 这是挠性接头64. This is the BHA log. 这是下部钻具组合记录65. Record all outside and inside diameters. 记录好所有(入井工具的)内外径66. We need a short drill collar. 需要一根短钻铤67. Pull the cat line. 拉猫头68. Operate the break lever. 操作(或:扶)刹把69. Stop the pumps. 停泵70. Make a wiper trip. 通井71. Retrieve wear bushing. 取出抗磨补心72. Bleed off pressure. (释)放压(力)73. Keep 5 wraps on the drum. 滚筒上留5圈74. Set slips. 座上卡瓦75. If tight hole, repeat wiper trip. 如果缩径，重复划眼76. Setback bottom hole assembly. 将下部钻具立于钻杆盒内77. Make sure all alarms are on. 确保所有的警报信号都开着78. Lay down TDS spinner. 拆下顶部驱动的旋扣器79. Run in hole bit #15 to bottom. 用15号钻头下钻到井底80. Run in hole to casing shoe. 下钻至套管鞋81. Pick up same bit and BHA. 装上同样的钻头和钻具组合82. Lay down 5” HW drill pipe. 甩5”加重钻杆83. Move string every 2 minutes. 每2分钟活动钻具一次84. Keep area around shaker clean. 保持振动筛区域干净85. Ream if needed. 如必要时进行划眼86. Fix the traveling assembly. 固定游动系统87. Check power tongs and spinning rope are on drill floor. 检查动力钳和尾绳是否在钻台88. What’s the weight on bit? 钻压是多少?89. What is the BHA of this well? 这口井的下部钻具如何组合?90. Drill out cement. 钻穿水泥91. Drill out 20” casing shoe. 钻穿20”套管鞋92. Latch the elevator. 扣吊卡93. Unlatch the elevator. 开吊卡94. Set the slips. 放卡瓦95. Adjust the crown-o-matic (crown saver). 调整防碰天车96. Lock the hook pin. 锁紧大钩销子97. Check OD of stabilizer. 检查扶正器的外径98. Perform leak off test. 进行地层破裂(或:渗漏)测试99. Connect kill and choke line. 接上压井和放喷管线100. Reverse out the drill pipe. 反循环清洗钻杆101. Make a short trip. 进行短途起下钻102. Slug the pipe. 灌重泥浆103. Drill the stand down. 钻完立柱104. Start/run the shale shaker. 开振动筛105. Start the desanders. 开除砂器106. Start the desilters. 开除泥器107. Change it with a 40 mesh screen. 换成40目筛布108. Shut it off. 关掉109. Pull it to the cat ramp. 把它拉到坡道上去110. Make a fast connection. 接单根要快111. Don’t dump the mud on the ground. 不要把泥浆排放到地上112. Disconnect it with a chain tong. 用链钳卸开113. Put a thread protector. 戴护丝114. Can we use the power slips? 可以使用动力卡瓦吗?Casing and Cementing 下套管与固井115. Run in hole to bottom for wiper trip. 下钻通井116. This is the casing program. 这是套管程序117. Prepare for running casing. 准备下套管118. Make everything ready for running 7”casing. 做好下7”套管的准备119. Make cementing job. 固井120. Displace cementing with mud pump. 用泥浆泵替泥浆121. Set cement plug from 2940 to 2790m. 在2940到2790米井段打水泥塞122. Pick up cementing head. 接水泥头123. Cement samples are hard. 水泥样已凝固124. Pump in 3 cubic meters of spacer. 注3方隔离液125. Pump down the plug. 泵压(胶)塞126. Wait on cement. 候凝127. The guide shoe will be connected. 接引鞋128. Connect the float collar. 接浮箍129. Run casing with the 350T slip elevator. 用350吨卡瓦式吊卡下套管130. Clean and dry 20” casing threads with rags. 清洁并擦干20”套管丝扣131. Where is the rabbit for drifting the casing? 套管通径规在哪里?Fishing 打捞132. The bit cone have been lost in the hole. 牙轮落井133. Run in the reverse-circulation basket. 下反循环打捞篮134. There is a lot of junk in the hole. 井下有很多落物135. The fish is 235.46 meters long. 落鱼长度235.46米136. The fish top is at 2478.34 meters. 鱼顶位置2478.34米Coring 取芯137. Stop drilling for coring. 停钻准备取芯138. Make up core bit. 接取芯钻头139. What type of core bit is it? 这是什么型号的取芯钻头?140. Run in a diamond core bit. 下金刚石取芯钻头141. Let’s drop the ball for coring. 可以投球取芯142. The core has been broken off. 岩芯断了143. Put the core in the boxes. 把岩芯装在岩芯盒里144. Don’t brake suddenly. 不要猛刹车145. Take out the core. 岩芯出筒146. How long is the core? 岩芯多长147. The core recovery is 98%. 岩芯收获率是98%148. Run in the core barrel again. 继续下岩芯筒(或: 取芯筒)149. Recover core. 取出岩芯150. Use same parameters as core #1. 使用与1#取芯同样的参数Freeing Stuck Pipe 卡钻与解卡151. The down-hole problems are very complicated. 井下情况很复杂152. The hole is tight. 遇阻了153. Overpull while tripping out. 起钻遇卡(overpull: 超拉力)154. The formation is unstable. 地层不稳定155. The wall caving is severe. 井壁垮塌严重156. There are many return cuttings. 返出岩屑特别多157. The mud returns have decreased. 返出泥浆减少158. The hole is enlarged. 井眼扩大了159. The pipe’s stuck. 卡钻了160. Pull up to 150 tons. 上提150吨161. Slack off to 50 tons. 下放至50吨162. Ream down all the tight points. 在所有遇阻点进行划眼163. The rotary table can’t rota te. 转盘转不动164. Where is the sticking point? 卡点在哪里165. Make a tensile test. 做拉伸试验166. Back it off above the free point. 在卡点以上倒扣167. Where is the back-off position? 脱扣位置在哪168. Plug the well for side tracking. 打水泥塞侧钻Well Control 井控169. The mud is gas cut. 泥浆有气侵170. The pit has lowered quickly. 泥浆池液面下降很快171. The hole lost returns. 井口不返泥浆172. The returns are unstable. 返出泥浆量忽大忽小173. Where’s the thief zone? 漏失层在哪里174. Cut down the flow rate. 降低排量175. Lower the mud density. 降低比重176. The gas smell is strong. 天然气味度很浓177. There’s some trace of oil. 发现有油花178. The pump pressure is fluctuating. 泵压不稳179. It is a zone of abnormal pressure. 这是异常压力层180. The hole (well) is kicking! 井涌啦!181. Shut in the BOP! 关闭防喷器182. Sound the alarm quickly! 快发出警报183. The stand pipe pressure is 1000 PSI. 立管压力1000PSI184. The casing pressure is 25 MPa. 套压25MPa185. Fill out the kill sheet. 填写压井施工单186. Kill the well. 压井187. There’s a combination of lost returns and the kick. 又喷又漏, 情况复杂188. Reverse the gas out of the hole. 反循环排气189. What’s the lag time? 迟到时间是多少190. The well is now stable. 现在井眼已经稳定BOP Equipment 防喷器191. Cut off the 20” conductor. 割掉20”导管192. Weld on the 20” bottom flange. 焊接20”法兰193. Hoist and nipple up 20” diverter. 吊装20”导流器194. Change the 5” pipe rams to 3-1/2” rams. 把这个5”闸板换成3-1/2”195. Install blind ram. 安装防喷器的全封闸板196. Check the seal ring of the conductor. 检查导管密封圈197. Test BOP. 测试防喷器198. Change annular BOP packing. 更换万能防喷器芯子199. Full pressure test the ram preventers. 对闸板防喷器进行全压试压200. Test annular BOP at 2500psi. 万能防喷器试压至2500psi201. Check annular pressure. 检查环形空间压力202. Retrieve the running tool. 退出送入工具203. Function test the diverter system. 对防喷器系统进行功能测试204. Run the test plug. 下试压塞205. Close the upper pipe ram. 关上闸板防喷器206. Open the choke valve. 打开节流阀207. Land the BOP onto the well head. 座防喷器到井口上208. Replace O-rings as required. 按需要, 更换O性密封圈209. Visually inspect all sealing element. 目视检查所有密封件210. Check and tighten all bolts. 检查并上紧所有螺栓211. Check for leaks. 检查有无泄漏212. Pressure test to 500psi then bleed off test pressure. 试压到500psi, 然后泄压213. Reduce hydraulic control manifold pressure to 7 MPa. 将液压控制管线压力减少到7MPaSafety and Firefighting 安全与消防214. Get a Work Permit before you can start the hot work. 办理作业许可证才能进行动火作业215. Welding is not allowed. 不准动焊216. Put on your (safety) helmet. 戴上安全帽217. It’s a high voltage area. 这是高压区218. That’s against the rule. 这是违章作业219. Don’t walk under the crane load. 不要在吊物下走动220. The repairing is under way. 正在检修221. Keep your hands clear! (Keep you hands off! Do not touch!) 不要乱动222. Wear and secure your safety belt. 戴上并系好安全带223. Have your breathing apparatus near you. 保持防毒面具在附近224. It was a BOP drill.（This is a fire drill.）这是防喷（消防）演习。

A Handbook of English for Oil Drilling石油钻井常用英语手册职工培训教材系列辽河石油勘探局钻井二公司六分公司二OO七年四月A Handbook of English for Oil Drilling石油钻井常用英语手册一、DRILLING 钻井1.Carry out drilling operation in accordance with the drilling program. 按钻井程序进行钻井作业.2.Prepared bell nipple. 准备”喇叭口”短节.3.Make up 2 joints of drill pipe. 接两根钻杆.4.Break out this connection. 卸开该接头.5.Make up bottom hole assembly. 组合下部钻具6.Check and reset crown-saver on every tour. 每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置.7.Number stands on trip out and trip in. 起下钻时给立柱编号.8.Pick up BHA and run to seafloor. 将下部钻具下到海底.9.Pick up stands. 接立柱10.Don’t drill faster than 15 minutes for 1 stand. 钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱11.Drop TOTCO. 投(陶特)测斜仪12.Fish TOTCO with overshot. 用打捞筒捞起测斜仪13.Resume drilling to T.D. 继续钻进到总深14.Circulate 15 minutes.循环15分钟15.Run in hole. 下钻16.Put out of hole. 起钻17.Make an inventory of all ring gaskets. 开一个所有垫圈的清单e spinning tong. 使用气动扳手19.Operate the air winch. 操作气动绞车y down 57 joints of 5” drill pipe. 甩57根钻杆21.Pick up drill stem test tool. 提起钻杆测试工具22.Circulate mud for 2 hours. 循环泥浆2小时23.Move string during circulation. 在循环时注意活动钻具24.Circulate hole clean. 循环清洗井眼25.Circulate bottoms up. 循环泥浆几周26.Fill up every 5 stands. 每5柱灌泥浆一次27.Check mud weight every 15 minutes. 每15分钟检查泥浆比重28.Reverse out excess cement. 反循环替出多余的泥浆29.Change/replace old mud by new mud. 用新的泥浆替换出旧的泥浆30.Stop drilling. 停止钻进31.Drilling ahead. 钻进32.Pull out of hole bit. 起出钻头33.Change bit. 换钻头34.Run the wear bushing. 下抗磨补心35.The bit thread type is regular pin. 钻头丝扣是正规公扣36.What’s the make-up torque? 上扣扭矩要多大?37.Run in 9” collars. 下9”钻铤38.The cathead ca n’t give enough torque. 猫头力量不够39.Connect crossover sub. 接上配合接头40.The tong angle is too small. 大钳的角度太小了41.Stop circulating. 停止循环泥浆42.Break out the stand. 卸立柱43.Set the single into the mousehole. 把这个单根放进鼠洞44.Can we break out the pipe with rotary table? 可用转盘卸扣吗?45.No! Break it out with tong. 不行! 要用大钳卸扣46.Spin it out with the air spanner. 用气动扳手卸扣47.Put the pipe wiper on the string. 装上钻杆刮泥器48.Don’t set this stand back. 这根钻杆不要放在钻杆盒上49.Make up the lift sub. 接好提升短节50.Secure the safety clamp. 上紧安全卡瓦51.The bit is nearing the shoe. 钻头快到套管鞋了52.Slow down the running speed. 放慢下放速度53.This is the undergauged interval. 这是缩径井段54.This is the drilling program. 这是钻井设计书55.How much weight on bit is required? 要加多少钻压?56.Keep the rotary speed at 120---140 RPM. 转速保持120---140转/分57.Keep the flow rate at 3000 LPM. 保持排量3000升/分58.The pump pressure is too high. 泵压太高了59.Don’t ream the hole too fast. 划眼不要太快60.Notice the rotary torque. 注意转盘扭矩的变化61.The penetration rate is getting slower. 钻速变慢了62.The bit is nearly worn out. 钻头快磨光了63.Stop drilling at 2000 meters. 钻至2000米停钻64.Circulate for one hour. 循环一个小时65.The pump pressure has increased. 泵压升高了66.One nozzle may be plugged. 可能有一个水眼(或: 喷嘴)堵了67.What is the hook load? 悬重多少?68.What’s the pick-up weight? 上提重量是多少?69.What’s the lowering weight? 下放重量是多少?70.Run in HWDP. 下加重钻杆71.A stabilizer is needed here. 这里需要一个扶正器72.This is a flexible sub. 这是挠性接头73.This is the BHA log. 这是下部钻具组合记录74.Record all outside and inside diameters. 记录好所有(入井工具的)内外径75.We need a short drill collar. 需要一根短钻铤76.Pull the cat line. 拉猫头77.Operate the break lever. 操作(或:扶)刹把78.Stop the pumps. 停泵79.Make a wiper trip. 通井80.Retrieve wear bushing. 取出抗磨补心81.Bleed off pressure. (释)放压(力)82.Keep 5 wraps on the drum. 滚筒上留5圈83.Set slips. 座上卡瓦84.If tight hole, repeat wiper trip. 如果井眼紧, 重复划眼85.Setback bottom hole assembly. 将下部钻具立于钻杆盒内86.Make sure all alarms are on. 确保所有的警报信号都开着y down TDS spinner. 拆下顶部驱动的旋扣器88.Run in hole bit #15 to bottom. 用15号钻头下钻到井底89.Run in hole to casing shoe. 下钻至套管鞋90.Pick up same bit and BHA. 装上同样的钻头和钻具组合y down 5” HW drill pipe. 甩5”加重钻杆92.Move string every 2 hours. 每2小时活动钻具一次93.Keep area around shaker clean. 保持振动筛区域干净94.Control trip gas. 控制起下钻气95.Ream if needed. 如必要时进行划眼96.Select the best penetration rate. 选择最佳钻进速度97.Fix the traveling assembly. 固定游动系统98.Check power tongs and spinning rope are on drill floor. 检查动力钳和尾绳是否在钻台99.What’s the we ight on bit? 钻压是多少?100.What is the BHA of this well? 这口井的下部钻具如何组合?101.Drill out cement. 钻穿水泥102.Drill out 20” casing shoe. 钻穿20”套管鞋tch the elevator. 扣吊卡104.Unlatch the elevator. 开吊卡105.Set the slips. 放卡瓦106.Adjust the crown-o-matic (crown saver). 调整防碰天车107.Lock the hook pin. 锁紧大钩销子108.Check OD of stabilizer. 检查扶正器的外径109.Perform leak off test. 进行地层破裂(或:渗漏)测试110.Connect kill and choke line. 接上压井和放喷管线111.Reverse out the drill pipe. 反循环清洗钻杆112.Make a short trip. 进行短途起下钻113.Change the cutters. 换割刀114.Slug the pipe. 灌重泥浆115.Drill the stand down. 钻完立柱116.Start/run the shale shaker. 开振动筛117.Start the desanders. 开除砂器118.Start the desilters. 开除泥器119.Change it with a 40 mesh screen. 换成40目筛布120.Shut it off. 关掉121.Pull it to the cat ramp. 把它拉到坡道上去122.Make a fast connection. 接单根要快123.Don’t dump the mud into the s ea. 不要把泥浆排放到海里124.Disconnect it with a chain tong. 用链钳卸开125.Put a thread protector. 加一个(丝扣)护箍126.Can we use the power slips? 可以使用动力卡瓦吗?二、CASING AND CEMENTING 下套管与固井127.R un in hole to bottom for wiper trip. 下钻通井128.T his is the casing program. 这是套管程序129.P repare for running casing. 准备下套管130.M ake everything ready for running 7”casing. 做好下7”套管的准备131.M ake cementing job. 固井132.D isplace cementing with mud pump. 用泥浆泵替泥浆133.S et cement plug from 2940 to 2790m. 在2940到2790米井段打水泥塞134.P ick up cementing head. 接水泥头135.C ement samples are hard. 水泥样已凝固136.P ump in 3 cubic meters of spacer. 注3方隔离液137.P ump down the plug. 泵压(胶)塞138.W ait on cement. 候凝139.T he guide shoe will be connected. 接引鞋140.C onnect the floor collar. 接浮箍141.C onnect the air line to the casing stabbing board. 接好套管扶正台的气管线142.R un casing with the 350T slip elevator. 用350吨卡瓦式吊卡下套管143.C lean and dry 20” casing threads with rags. 清洁并擦干20”套管丝扣144.W here is the rabbit for drifting the casing? 套管通径规在哪里?三、FISHING 打捞145.The bit cutters have been lost in the hole. 牙轮落井146.Run in the reverse-circulation basket. 下反循环打捞篮147.There is a lot of junk in the hole. 井下有很多落物148.The fish is 235.46 meters long. 落鱼长度235.46米149.The fish top is at 2478.34 meters. 鱼顶位置2478.34米四、FREEING STUCK PIPE 卡钻与解卡190.The down-hole problems are very complicated. 井下情况很复杂191.The hole is tight. 遇阻了192.Overpull while tripping out. 起钻遇卡(overpull: 超拉力)193.The formation is unstable. 地层不稳定194.The wall caving is severe. 井壁垮塌严重195.There are many return cuttings. 返出岩屑特别多196.The mud returns have decreased. 返出泥浆减少197.The hole is enlarged. 井眼扩大了198.The pipe’s stuck. 卡钻了199.Pull up to 150 tons. 上提150吨200.Slack off to 50 tons. 下放至50吨201.Ream down all the tight points. 在所有遇阻点进行划眼202.The rotary table can’t rotate. 转盘转不动203.Where is the sticking point? 卡点在哪里204.Make a tensile test. 做拉伸试验205.Back it off above the free point. 在卡点以上倒扣206.Where is the back-off position? 脱扣位置在哪207.Plug the well for side tracking. 打水泥塞侧钻五、ABNORMAL WELL CONDITION AND WELL CONTROL异常井况与压井168.The mud is gas out. 泥浆有气侵169.The pit has lowered quickly. 泥浆池液面下降很快170.The hole lost returns. 井口不返泥浆171.The returns are unstable. 返出泥浆量忽大忽小172.Where’s the thief zone? 漏失层在哪里173.Cut down the flow rate. 降低排量174.Lower the mud density. 降低比重175.Cut down the hydrostatic pressure. 减少静压176.The gas smell is strong. 天然气味度很浓177.There’s some trace of oil. 发现有油花178.The pump pressure is fluctuating. 泵压不稳179.It is a zone of abnormal pressure. 这是异常压力层180.The hole (well) is kicking! 井涌啦!181.Shut in the BOP! 关闭防喷器182.Sound the general alarm quickly! 快发出综合警报183.The stand pipe pressure is 10 kg/cm2. 立管压力10公斤/厘米2184.The casing pressure is 25 kg/cm2. 套压2510公斤/厘米2185.Fill out the kill sheet. 填写压井记录表186.Kill the well. 压井187.Ther e’s a combination of lost returns and the kick. 又喷又漏, 情况复杂188.Reverse the gas out of the hole. 反循环排气189.What’s the lag time? 迟到时间是多少190.The well is now stable. 现在井眼已经稳定六、PREPERATION BEFORE MAKING HOLE钻前准备191.Tell the mechanic to check the motor torque . 让机械师检查马达扭矩。

石油行业常用英语词汇（全面）1. 石油勘探（Petroleum Exploration）Seismic survey：地震勘探Exploration well：探井Reservoir：储层Porosity：孔隙度Permeability：渗透率2. 钻井与完井（Drilling and Completion）Drilling rig：钻机Bit：钻头Drill pipe：钻杆Casing：套管Cementing：固井Completion：完井Fracking：水力压裂3. 采油与生产（Oil Production and Extraction）Production well：生产井Pumpjack：抽油机Artificial lift：人工举升Separator：分离器Flowline：输油管线Tank farm：储油罐区4. 石油加工（Petroleum Refining）Crude oil：原油Refinery：炼油厂Distillation：蒸馏Cracking：裂化Catalytic reforming：催化重整Asphalt：沥青Lube oil：润滑油5. 石油产品（Petroleum Products）Gasoline：汽油Diesel：柴油Jet fuel：航空煤油Fuel oil：燃料油Petrochemicals：石油化工产品6. 安全与环保（Safety and Environmental Protection）HSE（Health, Safety and Environment）：健康、安全与环境 Spill：泄漏Emission：排放Waste treatment：废物处理Environmental impact assessment：环境影响评估7. 国际合作与市场（International Cooperation and Market）OPEC（Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries）：石油输出国组织Brent crude：布伦特原油NYMEX（New York Mercantile Exchange）：纽约商品交易所Spot market：现货市场Futures contract：期货合约本文档为您提供了石油行业常用英语词汇的全面梳理，希望对您的工作和学习有所帮助。

绪论勘探exploration 开发production顿钻钻井cable drilling旋转钻井Rotary drilling 转盘钻井Rotary drilling顶驱钻井top drive drilling 井下动力钻井hole bottom power drilling 涡轮钻具钻井turbine drilling 螺杆钻具钻井screw drilling旋转钻井钻机Rotary Rig 动力系统(Power System)旋转系统(Rotating System) 提升系统(Hoisting System)循环系统(Circulating System) 井控系统(Well Control System)监测系统 (monitoring System)井架derrick 天车crown block 游动滑车travelling block大钩hook 大绳drilling line 绞车drawworks泥浆泵mud pump泥浆池mud pit 振动筛Vibration Screen防喷器组blowout preventers 地面管汇surface pipeline遥控面板remote control pane 压井管汇kill line钻前准备drill preparation 钻进drilling固井well cementation 完井well completion直井straight/vertical well 定向井directional well水平井horizontal well 浅井shallow well中深井medium-deep well 深井deep well超深井ultra deep well 特超深井super/extra deep well探井exploration well 采油井production well多底井multi-bore well 丛式井cluster well or multiple wells第一章沉积岩sedimentary rock 变质岩metamorphic rock 岩浆岩magmatic rock 岩石的物理机械性质physical-mechanical properties of rock岩石的弹性模量elastic modulus of rock岩石的泊松比rock Poisson’s ratio岩石的切变模量shear modulus of rock抗拉伸强度tension resistance 抗压缩强度 compressive resistance抗剪切强度 shearing resistance 抗弯切强度 bending resistance弹性elasticity 脆性岩石 brittle rock 塑性岩石plastic rock岩石塑性系数rock plasticity coefficient地应力in situ stress 围压confining pressure 有效应力effective stress 压持效应chip hold effect 岩石的可钻性drillability岩石的研磨性rock abrasiveness地层水formation brine比重specific gravity静液压力hydrostatic pressure钻井液压力drilling fluid column pressure 孔隙压力pore pressure地层压力formation fluid pressure地层破裂压力formation fracture pressure上覆岩层压力overburden pressure 基岩应力matrix stress压力梯度pressure gradient 异常压力abnormal pressure压实作用compaction 欠压实作用 undercompaction function机械钻速法penetration rate method d指数法d-exponent methoddc指数法 dc-exponent method 声波时差法acoustic travel time岩石硬度rock hardness漏失试验法leak-off test第二章刮刀钻头（blade bit）牙轮钻头（cone bit）金刚石钻头（diamond bit）天然金刚石钻头（ＮＤ）natural diamond人造聚晶金刚石钻头（ＰＤＣ） polycrystalline diamond compact bit热稳定聚晶金刚石钻头（ＴＳＰ）thermally stable polycrystalline diamond bit水力结构hydraulic structure 超顶（cone overhang）复锥（offset axis）移轴（multiply cone ）钻头的经济指标(economic indicators of bit)钻头进尺(bit footage) 钻头工作寿命(bit operating life)钻头平均机械钻速(bit average rate of penetration)钻头单位进尺成本(cost per singer footage)第三章浮力 buoyancy 钻柱drill stem/string 钻铤drill collar钻杆drill pipe 方钻杆kelly钻头bit 稳定器stabilizerHWDP-厚壁钻杆（Heavy wall drill pipe）复合钻柱combination string中性点neutral point 最大安全静拉力maximum safety static tension第四章钻井液drilling fluids/mud 水基钻井液water-base drilling fluids淡水钻井液fresh-water drilling fluids 低固相钻井液low solids fluids API滤失量API filtration 分散相(dispersion phase )分散介质(dispersion medium)化学处理剂(Chemical treating agent)滤失filtration 滤饼filter cake 含砂量sand content钻井液固相含量solids content in drilling fluids流变方程rheological equation牛顿流体Newtonian fluid 非牛顿流体non- Newtonian fluid塑性流体plastic fluid 幂律流体power law假塑性流体pseudo plastic fluid 膨胀液体expansion fluid钻井液流变性drilling fluids rheology 漏斗粘度funnel viscosity触变性thixotropic behavior 剪切稀释特性(shear thinning)静切力gel strength 动切力yield value 塑性粘度Plastic Viscosity动塑比ratio of yield value to plastic viscosity初切力initial gel strength 终切力10-minuto gel strength固相控制solid control 钻屑cutting 砂sand 泥silt压差卡钻(differential pressure sticking)井漏(lost circulation )井塌(borehole collapse) 钻井液污染(drilling fluid contamination ) 第五章井眼轨道(well trajectory)井眼轨迹(well track)井深Measure Depth 井斜角inclination/deviation angel方位角azimuth angle井斜变化率rate of deviation 方位变化率rate of azimuth井眼曲率hole curvature垂深True vertical depth(TVD)水平投影长度horizontal projection length (hole deviation)水平位移horizontal displacement平移方位角(translational azimuth) N坐标和E坐标(N-coordinate & E-coordinate)视平移(apparent horizontal displacement )水平投影图(horizontal projection)垂直投影图(vertical projection)垂直剖面图(vertical cross section )直井段(Vertical section)ok造（增）斜段(build section) kb稳斜段(hold section ) bh降斜段(drop section) hd目标点(target point)靶区及靶区半径(target area) rt 靶心距(off-target distance) St造斜点(kick off point) k 二维定向井Two-dimensional directional well三维定向井Three-dimensional directional well第六章喷射式钻头jet bit 射流喷速jet velocity射流冲击力jet impact force 射流水功率jet hydraulic-power钻头压降bit pressure-drop钻头水功率bit hydraulic horse-power钻井泵的工作状态the working regime of drilling pump额定泵压rated pump pressure额定功率rated pump power循环压耗circulating pressure loss 优选标准optimization standard钻压weight on bit转速rpm-revolution per minute 排量rate of flow 进尺footage 喷嘴nozzle钻速方程drilling rate equation /model第七章测斜deviational survey 平均角法average angle method曲率半径法radius of curvature method 井斜well deviation满眼钻具packed hole assembly 钟摆钻具pendulum assembly钟摆力pendulum force井底动力钻具bottomhole motor转盘钻 rotary drill 工具面角tool face orientation装置方位角tool face azimuth 定向方位角Directional azimuth反扭角reactive torque angle第八章地层井眼系统的压力平衡 balance of formation-borehole system地层压力当量钻井液密度equivalent drilling fluid density钻井液当量循环密度equivalent circulating density波动压力（激动压力）surge pressure 抽汲压力swabbing pressure井侵 influx 溢流overflow 井涌kick 井喷well blowout地下井喷underground blowout 井喷失控out of control for blowout正压差positive differential pressure负压差negative differential pressure平衡钻井balanced drillin g 欠平衡under balanced drilling近平衡near balanced drilling 过平衡over balanced drilling关井shut in 防喷器blow out preventer 地面管汇surface drill pipe环形空间annulus 压井killing well 硬关井hard closing软关井soft closing 压井方法killing well method工程师法（等待加重量法）engineer’s method司钻法（二次循环法）driller’s method第九章套管程序casing program导管conductor 表层套管surface casing技术套管intermediate casing strings 生产套管production casing 尾管line 钻井尾管drilling liner 生产尾管production liner套管接箍casing coupling套管柱casing string 前置液ahead fluid隔离液spacer fluid 冲洗液flushing fluid套管的外载荷outside casing load 套管内压力burst套管外挤压力collapse pressure 套管轴向力axial load套管强度casing strength 套管抗挤强度collapse resistance套管抗拉强度tensile resistance 套管抗内压强度burst resistance完井方法completion methods 裸眼完井法open hole completion先期裸眼完井法initial open hole completion后期裸眼完井法final open hole completion射孔完井法perforation completion衬管完井法slotted liner completion砾石充填完井法gravel pack completion固井质量cement job quality 固井质量评价cement evaluation窜槽cement channeling 顶替效率displacement efficiency尾管固井drilling liner cementing 尾管悬挂器drilling liner hanger井口装置wellhead 油管头tubing head 套管头casing head采油树Christmas tree稠化时间thickening time 凝结时间setting time。

Useful words of drilling常用钻井词汇Senior mud engineer Driller toolpusHer roughnecks derrickman floorman 高级泥浆工程师司钻、队长、钻工、井架工场地工Spud in Drill a well Stop Drilling Had Drilled/About 300Msdeep Be Drilling Drilling out of.. Finish drill ..In charge of.. 开钻打一口井停钻已经钻了约300米正在钻进钻完….完钻…负责人W..is? responsible to？…Ｗ..is ?responsible for？get every thing ready for..ing ？向谁负责？.. ？..负责什么？做…准备….ｗｈｏｍ.. ..ｗｈｏ..是.你们.的人是在.的人.nsbDRILLER'S Month, console log method station tour report monitor钻机月、司钻（控制台、记录司钻法、平台钻井班报表监视器）DRILL extractor floor fluid footage free gauge hole hole returns hole survey in 钻井（打捞器钻台液进尺空转钻头规眼井口返浆测斜打开生产层）drill ability able liner able packer ahead assembly cable bit run expert collar collar annulus （可钻性可钻尾挂器可钻封隔器继续钻进钻柱组合钢丝行程专家钻挺钻挺环空）DRILL collar bore stem test string assemb limitation fatigue mechanics torque crew （钻挺水眼中测钻柱（结构强度疲劳力学扭矩井队）DRILL rig tool mill monitor off test out tool rope sample site solids stem bushing （钻机、钻具洗靴参数仪试钻钻塞工具棕绳砂样井场岩宵弯曲）DRILL PIPE annulus bore pin box clamp coupling cutter electric log elevator float frozen gauge inspection钻杆（环空水眼公扣母扣卡瓦接箍割刀钻杆电测吊卡回凡尔卡钻丝扣规钻杆检查）DRILL PIPE protector release spinner stabilizer stand sticking sub tension winding up钻杆（护丝钻具解卡旋扣器扶正器/稳定器立柱卡钻接头拉力弯曲）DRILLING engineer supervisor superntendent technique experience technology specialist technician （工程师监督总监技术经验工艺专家技术员）DRILLING analytical bit break capacity centralizer contract cost crew cycle data base effort engineering （分析钻头放空能力钻井扶正器合同成本队周期数据库工作量工程学）DRILLING equipment experience hanger load log mud operation optimization operator out outfit parameter （设备经验尾挂器钻压录井泥浆作业优化钻井承包商钻塞设备参数）DRILLING foreman hose implementer in balance instrument interval invasion zone jar journey line liner liner reel 钻井（队长/工头水龙带人员平衡钻进仪表井段漏层震击器记录表大绳尾管滚筒）DRILLING people permit phase prediction pressure program progress rate rate of trip record ship site speed （人员许可权阶段预报压力程序进度钻速行程钻速记录船井场钻速）DRILLING spool stem string stabilizer to completion tool substitute up weight turbine unit（四通钻柱钻柱扶正器钻至设计井深钻具接头钻碎钻压涡轮钻机组）DRILLING time log time work completion operation condition cleaning system bottoms up （钻时记录时间工作完井作业条件净化系统）迟到时间pull of hole run in hole make up a joint break down a joint trip out of hole laying down wire line survey起钻下钻接单根卸单根起钻甩钻具吊测direction al well定向井词汇DIRECTIONAL well angle bit bit side force component clinograph control counter depth migration 定向（定向井方位角钻头变方位侧向分力方位测斜仪方位控制计数器定向深度偏移）DIRECTIONAL diagram drilling drilling contractor drill tool Effect gyro hole line orientation tool presentation 定向(方位图定向钻井定向井承包商定向钻井工具效应陀螺仪井方向线定向工具方位显示) DIRECTIONAl reading scanning sub surveillance survey tendency tool turbodrill MWD survey tool定向(方角读数定向扫描接头定向监测定向测量方向趋势随钻测斜仪定向涡轮随钻测量定向测量工具) direction sensor instrument of tilt of deflection of magnetization of strata parameter finding chart azimuth方向（传感器方向仪倾斜方向井斜方位磁化方向地层走向方向参数测向系统）方向角deflecting tool angle build up angle drop off single shot inclinometer gyroscope whipstock horizontal well orbit造斜工具增斜降斜单点测斜仪陀螺仪变向器）水平井轨迹Measure Depth Vertical Depth True Vertical Depth Displancement Closure Depth Vertica section Hole Inclination Hole Angle井深/斜深垂深垂深水位/闭和距水位/闭和距视平移井斜角井斜角Declination Maximum Hole Angle Hole Direction Kick Off Point Dogleg Severity Target Tool face High Side Tool face Angle慈偏角最大井斜角方位角造斜点全角变化率目标点工具面高边工具面角sits the mark horizontal segment kick-off segment kick-off rate horizontal departure horizontal displacement坐标水平段造斜段造斜率水平位移水平位移equipments on wellsite井场设备crown mast derrick racking platform traveling block swivel rotary hose standpipe hook drawworks rotary table天车井架井架二层台游车水龙头水龙带立管大钩绞车钻台driller's console pipe slacking block drillfloor rotary table blowout preventer stack choke manifold gas flare司钻控制台钻杆盒钻台钻盘防喷器节流管汇放喷点火shale shaker degasser desander mud cleaner centrifuge pulsation dampeners SCR house parts storage work shop振动筛除气器除砂器清洁器离心机空气包可控硅房配件房钳工房mud gas separator agitator tanks mixing hopper sack storage pumps discharge lines lab guns oil gas separator 泥浆泥气分离器搅拌器罐混合漏斗药品储备罐泵高压管线试验室枪油气分离器fishing tools打捞工具overshot reverse circulating drilling junk basker fishing tap box tap milling taper mill shoe rotary shoe trip spear 卡瓦捞筒反循环捞蓝随钻捞杯公锥母锥铣锥磨//铣鞋铣鞋打捞矛drill pipe cutter casing cutter safety sub catchall junk catcher fishing mangnet scraper keyseat wiper钻杆外割刀套管内割刀安全接头一把抓一把抓强磁打捞器刮管器键槽清除器s ticking point instrument wall hook guide shoe wireline spear washover pipe bent sub keyseat reamer 测卡仪壁钩引鞋电缆捞矛套铣筒弯接头键槽扩大器trouble and accident复杂情况与事故rough drilling bouncing of drilling tool bit bouncing drilling string not well braked percussion drill reverse rotation 跳钻跳钻憋钻溜钻顿钻打倒车correct drift hole deviation inclination plug back cementing plug sidetracking lost circulation slough cave in kick 纠斜井斜井斜填井打水泥塞侧钻漏失井垮井塌井涌stuck sticking differential sticking well sticking key seating sticking sand bridge sticking sand settling sticking 卡钻卡钻粘卡粘卡键槽卡钻砂桥卡钻沉砂卡钻blowout touchdown touching resistance touch sticking make up stab thread making back off pulling a piston井喷遇阻遇阻遇卡对扣对扣造扣倒扣扒活塞fishing releasing stuck agent pipe lax to soak with black magic break outing pack of dynamite chemical cutter打捞解卡剂解卡剂泡解卡剂爆破松扣化学切割器bit balling balling up of a bit to twist off squeeze cementing unfreezing hydraulically operating bent sub钻头泥包钻头泥包扭断挤水泥解卡液压弯接头BOP system防喷系统Blowout control control equipment hookup oil well plug preventer spool preventer riser preventer unit 井控（防喷）（防喷设备装置失控井防喷塞防喷器防喷四通防喷升高短节防喷器组）blowout preventer proceder annular ram pipe ram blind ram shear ram hydraulic valve choke pressure 防喷措施万能半封全封剪切阀液动阀节流压力choke line manifold control console remote control console gas buster degasser Kelly cock upper Kelly cock 节流管汇控制台远程控制台泥气分离器除气器下旋塞上旋塞well head tools井口工具Kelly bushings elevator bushings roller type Kelly bushings slip safety slips elevator tongs hydraulic tong 方补心垫叉磙子方补心卡瓦安全卡瓦吊卡吊钳液压大钳Spinner spinning line chain tongs chain wrench pipe tongs pipe spanner bushing/tool hook drill pipe hooklet旋扣器旋绳链钳链钳管钳管钳方瓦钩子钻杆钩子drilling string钻柱Kelly cross over sub bumpers shock absorber drilling junk basket monel drill collar stabilizer spiral drill collar 方钻杆配合接头减震器减震器随钻捞杯无磁钻挺稳定扶正器螺旋扶正器d rilling jar HWDP drill pipe back pressure valve Kelly sub saver sub Kelly in Kelly down Kelly up stand D P随钻震击器加重钻杆钻杆回压凡尔方保接头方保接头方入方入方余立柱right hand thread left hand thread tool joint box tool joint pin sigle double正扣反扣母接头公接头单根双根BIT(roct bit)钻头BIT adapter balling bouncing breakage breaker break in procedure burt out change clearance cone constant cost (配合接头泥包憋钻损坏装卸器磨合钻头干磨换钻头与井壁间歇牙轮常数成本) BIT consumption contour course face factor feed footage frame freezing gauge grading guide HHP holder(用量外型轨迹与井底触面因素送钻进尺钻头体卡钻量规磨损等级导向器水马力捞钩) BIT hydraulics inlination force jumping life load matrix nozzle performance pressure drop program prong ring (水力参数偏斜力跳钻寿命钻压本体喷嘴工况压降设计方案牙齿钻头规) BIT protector run shank side force speed sub teeth tilt tooth duiiness track trips type selection (保护器行程丝扣部分侧向力钻进速度短接齿倾斜牙齿磨顿程度钻头轨迹换钻头起下钻选型)ＣＡＳＩＮＧ套管Casing Accessories appliances bowl bucking centralizer check valve collapse collar log connection （附件下套工具捞筒弯曲扶正器止回阀/回压凡尔挤坏测套接箍连接）Casing cutter damage deformation depth dog drive hanger hardware head head pressure head spool hole annulus （割刀损伤变形深度捞矛护帽悬挂器附件套管头套头压力套头四通套管环空）Casing inspection inspection log installation job landing leak less completion mill milling nipple packer patch （探伤检查套管测井下套管下套管作业联顶节漏裸眼完井铣鞋铣鞋工具短节封隔器修补）Casing perforator point pressure test programme scraper screw head protector seal section mill setting depth slip （射孔器管鞋深度套管试压程序刮管器母护丝公护丝密封件铣刀下深卡瓦）Casing spear spildt sticking string design sub swivel tap threads volume wall wear whipstock withdrawal weight (捞矛裂纹粘卡套柱／柱设计异径接头旋转头公锥螺纹体积管壁磨损造斜器扒套管管重) Casing joint starter severing hardware hook inspection side tracking swage to hole annulus （一节套入井第一根割套附件大钩探伤套管侧钻胀管器套管井壁环空）well cementing固井cement acecelerator additive blender bond log brand cap casing head casing shoe channeling column cut水泥（催凝剂添加剂搅拌器胶结测声幅标号悬空塞水泥头管鞋窜槽浆柱泥浆受水泥浸）cement consistency curing time dehydration displacement evaluation log failure factor filtrate float collar 水泥（稠度侯凝脱水顶替固井评价测井固井失败系数滤液可钻回压凡尔）cement float shoe formation interface hardener heat quipment cemented up casing cementer 水泥( 可钻引鞋与地层交接面速凝剂水泥头设备)注水泥的（注完水泥封固的套管）黏结剂cement injection mantle mark mixer mill needle packer paste/slurry/ milk pit plug retarder setting silo水泥(注浆水泥环标号搅拌器厂强度试针封隔器水泥浆池水泥塞缓凝剂凝固库) cement slurry volum spacer squeeze work stringer thickness top type guide shoe water ratio contamination 水泥（水泥浆用量隔层挤水泥作业插入管水泥环厚度水泥顶界水泥引鞋水灰比水泥浸）cementing contractor formulating jobs method poin agent practice pump reaction strength tank through tool 固井（承包商配方作业方法封固段黏结剂施工泵胶结反应胶结强度水泥罐全井封固工具）drilling fluid钻井液mud baffle balance body cake cake effect conditioner density desander ditch filtrate flow launder logging loss （挡板比重称结构泥饼泥饼效应处理剂密度除砂器槽滤液泥浆流净化槽录井漏失）mud marking formation pressure indicator program reclamation scale separator setting sump shaker stability (造浆层压力计设计回收比重计分离器沉淀池震动筛稳定性stream sample thickeners thinner weight viscosity water/base water-base oil emulsion water-in-oil emulsion泥浆流样品增粘剂降粘剂比重粘度)水基泥浆水基混油泥浆油包水乳化液water mud salt water base mud salt mud gel initial gel of mud PH value salt content water bearing sand content水基泥浆盐水基泥浆含盐泥浆初切力静切力ＰＨ值含盐量含水的含砂量（1、）主要工作经历。

1钻井种类kinds of drilling1.1 海上钻井offshore drilling:利用固定式或移动式钻井平台在不同水深的海上进行的钻井。

1.2 沙漠钻井desert drilling:利用适合沙漠地带的地面设备在沙漠地区进行的钻井。

1.3 清水钻井water drilling:用清水作为钻井液，在非水敏性的和岩性坚固、稳定的岩层等特定条件下进行的钻井。

1.4 空气（天然气）钻井air(gas) drilling:用空气（或天然气）作为钻井流体，在一些特定岩层中进行的钻井。

1.5 泡沫钻井foam drilling:用泡沫作为钻井流体进行的钻井。

适合于低渗、低压油气层。

1.6 雾化钻井mist drilling:用水和泡沫剂的混合物注入到空气流中作为钻井液进行的钻井。

主要用在钻遇含水或含油砂岩中的流体而无法使井干燥的情况。

1.7 充气钻井液钻井aerated drilling fluid drilling:用钻井液和空气的混合物作为钻井流体进行的钻井。

主要用于有大段含水砂岩，并伴随着井漏而不能单独用空气钻井的井。

1.8 平衡压力钻井balanced pressure drilling:是指作用于井底的液柱压力等于地层孔隙压力情况下进行的钻进。

1.9 欠平衡压力钻井under-balanced drilling:是指作用于井底的液柱压力略低于地层孔隙压力情况下的钻井。

1.11液相欠平衡钻井（flow underbalanced drilling）：用液相钻井液所进行的欠平衡钻井。

1.12泥浆帽钻井madcap drilling：指环空注人重稠的流体(所谓的泥浆帽)后，关闭环空、节流阿，而轻稀钻井液通过钻具进人地层，实现边漏边钻的一种钻井方式。

1.13近平衡压力钻井near balanced drilling:是指作用于井底的液柱压力略大于地层孔隙压力情况下进行的钻井。

1.14小井眼钻井slim hole drilling:井眼直径比常规井径要小的钻井。

钻井（Drilling）1、Carryoutdrillingoperationinaccordancewiththedrillingpro gram.按钻井程序进行钻井作业。

2、Preparebellnipple.准备“喇叭口”短节3、Makeup2jointsofdrillpipe.接两根钻杆4、Breakoutthisconnection.卸开该接头。

5、Runholeopenertoseabed.下扩眼器到海底。

6、Mixgelfluidfordrillingconductorhole.为钻导管井眼配制高粘度泥浆。

7、Makeupbottomholeassembly（BHA）.组合下部钻具。

8、Checkandresetcrown-saveroneverytour.每个班都要检查并重新调整天车防碰装置。

9、Numberstandsontripoutandtripin.起下钻进给立柱编号。

10、PickupBHAandruntoseafloor.将下部钻具下到海底。

11、Pickupstands.接立柱。

12、Don'tdrillfasterthan15minutesfor1stand.钻进速度别超过15分钟1根立柱13、DropTOTCO.投（陶特）测斜仪。

14、FishTOTCOwithovershot.用打捞筒捞起测斜仪。

15、Resumedrillingto.继续钻进到总深。

16、Circulate15minutes.循环15分钟。

17、Runinhole.下钻。

18、Putoutofhole.起钻19、Makeaninventoryofallringgaskets.一所有垫圈的清单。

20、Usespinningtong.使用气动扳手。

21、Operatetheairwinch.操作气动绞车。

22、Laydown57jointsof5”drillpipe.甩57根5“钻杆。

23、Pickupdrillstemtesttool.提起钻柱测试工具。

第一节石油钻井工程基础词汇钻井：drill定向斜井：directional drilling欠平衡钻井：under-balance drilling海上钻井：off-shore drilling陆地钻井：on-shore drilling钻头：drill bit刮刀钻头：drag bit牙轮钻头：rock bit (镶齿钻头insert bit, 钢齿钻头steel toothed bit)金刚石钻头：diamond bit取心钻头：coring bit钻头浮阀：float valve钻头水眼：bit nozzle(or jet)钻头水眼刺:bit nozzle washed out钻头规：bit caliper(bit gauge)钻头泥包：bit is balling钻头钝了，我建议现在起钻：bit is dull. I suggest toPOOH now钻铤：DC(drill collar )光钻铤slick drill collar，螺旋钻铤spiral drill collar钻杆：DP(drill pipe )方钻杆：kelly公扣：pin end母扣：box end内平式连接：IF(internal flash)正规式连接：REG(regular)贯眼式连接：FH(full hole)加重钻杆 heavy weight drill pipe短钻杆 pop joint井下马达：downhole motor涡轮钻具：turbine震击器：drilling jar减震器：absorber下部钻具组合：BHA（bottomhole assembly）钻具扶正器：stabilizer（string stabilizer, near-bit stabilizer）钻机：drill rig钻井泥浆：drilling mud钻井液：drilling fluid钻井设备：drilling equipment油：oil原油：crude oil天然气：nature gas煤层气：coal-bed gas石油：petroleum中国石油（简称）：CNPC（ChinaNational Petroleum Corporation ）长城钻井（简称）：GWDC(Great Wall DrillingCompany)采油：oil production产油层(目的层)：reservoir( or pay zone)钻进：drilling调整钻井参数以得到理想的机械钻速：play the drilling parameters to get fastROP起钻：POOH(pull out of hole)下钻：RIH(run in hole)下套管：run casing(or RIH with casing)短起下钻：wiper trip循环泥浆：circulate泥浆：reverse circulate中途循环泥浆：break circulation分段下钻：RIH in stages通井：control trip划眼：reaming倒划眼：back reaming接单根：make connection滑、割大绳：slip and cut drilling line byton-mile保养设备：maintain the equipment修理设备: repair (or fix) the equipment保养顶驱：service TDS保养冲管：lubricate wash pipe待工日费：standby rate今天零日费：there is no day rate today(zeroday rate today)我可以为您做，但必须收费，请理解I can do for you and I have to charge(backcharge) you. Please give me full understanding.不在我的职责范围之内，我要汇报领导，一有消息会马上告诉你It is out of my power and I have to reportto my boss. I will let you know as soon as I get news.大鼠洞：rat hole小鼠洞：mouse hole钻具错扣：the connections are crossed钻具粘扣：thread is galled丝扣坏了：the thread is damaged起钻错扣：alternate the connections新钻具或接头磨扣：break in the new tool joint新钻头磨合：break in the new bitPDC 钻头井底造型：shape the PDC bit跳钻：rough drilling( vibrated drilling,bit is bouncing)蹩钻：rough drilling（drilling torque is abnormally high）缩径：tight hole起钻遇卡：get overpull下钻遇阻：set weight部分漏失：partially lost circulation全部漏失：totally lost circulation盲钻：blind drilling堵水眼：bit jets are blocked掉水眼：bit jets are lost憋压：the pressure is built up卸压：release pressure试压：pressure test功能测试：function test双方独自检查：double check地质：geology地质专业人员：geologist物理：physics地球物理勘探： geo-physical exploration.测井：logging电测井作业：wireline logging operation泥浆测井：mud logging井（副词“好”含意）：well拓展记忆：井眼：bore hole油气井：oil&gas well试井：well test井下：down-hole井下作业：down-hole operation第2节石油钻井方法基础词汇钻井原理：the principles of drilling顿钻钻井：percussion drilling，cable-tool drilling 旋转钻井：rotary drilling大位移井：big distance( or extended ) well侧钻井：sidetracking drilling水平井：horizontal well探井：wildcat，wildcatdrilling深井：deep well浅井：shallow well老井：maturing well丛式钻井：cluster well drilling煤层气井：coal-bed gas well生产井：production well报废井：abandoned well停产井：none-production well井下情况：downhole condition第3节石油钻井技术基础词汇技术规范，技术指标，技术性能： specification 拉伸：tension拉伸强度：tensile strength弯曲强度：bending srength最小屈服强度： minimum torsional strength应力：stress压力：pressure应力点：stress point压力降：pressure drop压力梯度：pressure gradient回压：back pressure大气压：atmosphere压差： pressure difference静液柱压力：static fluid cloumn pressure地层压力：formation pressure坍塌压力：collapse pressure破裂压力：fractured pressure液体：liquid固体：solid气体：gas，air正的：positive负的：negative水平的：horizontal垂直的：vertical第4节石油钻井参数基础词汇钻压：WOB（weight onbit）转盘转速：RPM（rotationper minute）泵压：SPP(slurry pump pressure)泵冲：SPM（strokeper minute）排量：FR(flow rate)大钩负荷：hook load扭矩：torque反扭矩：reactive torque钻速：ROP(rate of penetration)顶驱：TDS(top drive system)钻井周期：drilling period钻井成本：drilling costs井眼尺寸：hole size垂深： TVD(total vertical depth)井深：MD(measured depth)水平位移：horizontal displacement井斜角：angle( or hole inclination)方位角：azimuth井眼环空：annulus第5节石油钻井作业现场工作人员名称甲方：oil company(operator)钻井承包商：drilling contractor第三方（分包商）the third party(sub-contractor)钻井经理：drilling manager监督：supervisor钻井监督：DSV(drilling supervisor) orCompanyman 地质监督：geologist泥浆工程师：mud engineer固井工程师：cementing engineer泥浆录井工：mud logger钻井队：drilling crew，drilling team钻井1 班：drillingshift one总经理：general manager总工程师：chief engineer项目经理：project manager(country manager)作业经理：operation manager财务经理：financial manger会计：accountant平台经理：rig manager带班队长：tool pusherHSE 监督：HSE officer司钻：driller副司钻：assistant driller井架工：derrick man钻工：roughneck（orfloorman）场地工：roustabout泥浆工：mudman发动机工：motorman机械师： mechanic电工：electrician电焊工：welder司机：driver吊车司机：crane operator铲车司机：forklift operator营房经理：camp boss医生：doctor材料员：material man(storekeeper)炊事员：cook翻译：interpreter洗衣工：laundry man厨房服务生：waiter保安：watchman(or security)机械工程师：mechanic engineer第6节石油作业现场常用工具扳手：wrench螺丝起子：screwdriver多角螺丝起子：Phlilips screwdriver （cross-headed screwdriver）撬杠：bar加长撬杠：cheater bar活动板手：monkey wrench，adjustable wrench钳子：pliers钩子：hook台钳：bench vice钢挫：file榔头：hammer锤击扳手：hammer wrench搬手：spanner内六角扳手：Allen key钢锯：hacksaw砂纸：sandpaper管钳：pipe tongs(pipe wrench)链钳：chain tong千斤顶：jack黄油枪：grease gun吊车：crane牵引绳：tag line电焊条：welding rod拖拉机：tractor推土机：bulldozer硬尺：ruler游标卡尺：Vernier slide油漆：paint铅油：dope油漆刷：paint brush铅油刷：dope brush绝缘胶布：electrical tape电线：wire插头：plug电插座：outlet(receptacle or switchboard)开关：switch螺栓：bolt螺帽：nut垫片：washer钉子：nail手电钻：hand drill钻头：bit工作台：workbench工具箱：toolbox胶水：glue胶棒：glue bar护丝：thread protector手轮：hand wheel脚轰油门：throttle联接法兰：coupling flange(or adaptor flange)安全带：safety belt安全帽：helmet工作靴：safety boot工衣：coverall棉袄：coat防护眼镜：safety goggle手套：gloves口罩：mouth mask围裙：apron洗眼台：eye washing station灭火机：fire extinguisher消防栓：fire -hydrant水龙头：water tap消防斧：fire fighting axe铲子：shovel手砂轮：emery wheel左转： turn left右转： turn right手势：gesture信号：signal垃圾：waste garbage拖把：mop接头：sub配合接头：X-over ，cross-over提升短节：lifting sub卡瓦：slips放卡瓦：set slips母锥：box tap公锥：taper tap打捞矛：fishing spear安全接头：safety sub柔性短节：flexible joint井口盖子：wellhead cover防喷盒：mud boxBOP 吊装：BOP trolley( BOPhoist)吊卡：elevator吊环：elevator links安全卡瓦：safety clamp(dog collar)钻杆架：pipe rack水龙头提环：swivel bail材料房：warehouse绳卡：bullnose clamp(guy anchor)绳套：sling吊带：soft sling(belt)卸扣：shackle吊装工具：lifting gear维护保养：maintenance内钳：make-up tong外钳：break-out tong液压大钳：power tong液压猫头：E-zy tong兜绳：mule line四通阀：four-way valve 三通：Tee软管：hose球阀：ball valve闸板阀：gate valve单流阀：back valve灌注泵：supercharge pump。

英语教师的操练技能（Drilling）机械性操练组织技能，机械性操练是指在呈现新的语⾔材料之后，教师组织学⽣进⾏以模仿记忆为主的控制性反复练习，它包括跟读、朗读词语和句⼦以及简单的替换练习等，以便形成正确的语⾔习惯，达到准确、熟练地掌握语⾔的形式与内容，为意义练习和交际性练习打下基础。

机械性操练的原则和要求1．清晰、准确地交代操练的内容、⽅式和要求；2．根据不同的语⾔材料和不同程度的学⽣选择适当的操练⽅式；3．由易到难、先简后繁、先合后分、循序渐进地进⾏操练；4．注意受训⾯要⼴，⽆冷⾓、死⾓现象；5．准确地把握操练的时间和⽕候；6．恰当地运⽤⼿势、眼神等⼿段，⾼效地指挥训练；7．创造轻松的课堂⽓氛，让学⽣敢于开⼝、积极操练。

意义练习组织技能意义练习(Meaningdul practice)是在机械性操练的基础上，学⽣独⽴运⽤语⾔材料进⾏真实意义的听、说、读、写的活动。

这种练习不再是模仿和重复孤⽴的句⼦或词和词组，⽽是运⽤词、词组和句型组织表⽰真实意义的对话、阅读课⽂回答问题、写作⼩短⽂等。

通过组织学⽣对所学的语⾔材料进⾏独⽴的、多层次的运⽤练习，提⾼他们语⾔的熟练和流利程度，培养听、说、读、写实际表达能⼒，为形成交流能⼒打下基础。

意义练习的原则和要求：1．教师要先做⽰范，让学⽣明⽩⽬的和意图；2．教师要逐渐减少对学⽣的控制，其作⽤主要是指导、监督、监听和裁判；3．⽓氛轻松活泼，有利于学⽣发展创造性思维；4．注重语⾔的连贯和达意，适度放宽准确性；5．有效地控制课堂纪律，保证全班学⽣练习有序进⾏。

意义练习的主要形式1．教师与学⽣之间的双边活动教师与学⽣(全班、半个班、⼩组、横排、竖⾏、男⽣、⼥⽣、某个学⽣)的双边活动。

如为了练习过去时，教师关了门，开了窗户，擦了⿊板……问学⽣：What did l do?学⽣回答：You closed the door．You opened the window…注意这种形式的练习不要太长、时间不要⽤得太多。