2019年人教高考英语一轮练习题：必修5U2含答案语文.doc

Unit 2 The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

Scientists in Britain have managed to teach bumblebees(大黄蜂) to pull strings to get to food and then pass on what they have learned to others in their colony(群体)—showing a high level of intelligence despite their tiny brains.Researchers at Queen Mary University of London said the experiments, often used to test the intelligence of apes (猿) and birds, showed for the first time that some insects are up to the task, and can also pass skills on through several generations.The findings add to the evidence suggesting the ability for ＂culture spread＂— the ability to learn and pass on knowledge and skills — may not be exclusive to humans.In the research, published in the journal PLOS Biology on Tuesday, the scientists were able to train 23 out of a group of 40 bees to pull strings with their legs and feet.The strings were attached to discs —or artificial ＂flowers＂—containing food at their center but placed under a transparent screen. The bees, spotting the food beneath the screen, learned to pull the ＂flowers＂ out by pulling the string with their legs and feet to be able to get to it.From another group of bees given the chance to solve the task without any training, only two of 110 were successful.Another group of bees was then allowed to observe the trained bees pulling the strings, and 60 percent of them successfully learned the skill. Finally, trained bees were put in colonies, and the scientists found the technique spread successfully to a majority of the colony’s work er bees.Lars Chittka, a Queen Mary University professor who guided the project, said the team is interested in figuring out the brain processes behind the bees’ learning and teaching skills.1.What does the underlined word ＂exclusive＂ in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Ordinary.B. Unique.C. Beneficial.D. Widespread.2.What did the researchers find about bees?A. Bees learn best in insects.B. Bees are as clever as birds.C. Bees are born good learners.D. Bees can be trained to learn skills.3.What may the research team focus on next?A. What else bees can do.B. Where bees learn skills.C. How bees teach others.D. How bees’ brain work.4.What may be the best title for the text?A. Small bees, great abilitiesB. Bees can learn and teachC. Bees are smarterD. Let bees learn【文章大意】本文为说明文，属于科普类文章。

Unit 2 The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解ASeveral companies in Europe, the US and Asia have decided to change one of the processes of making chocolate and no longer roast the cacao beans. They insist that growers in Africa and South America leave them outdoors to dry naturally instead. The resulting product is called “raw” chocolate.Producers claim that avoiding exposure to oven temperatures allows the preservation of nutrients such as iron, zinc, copper and vitamin C．It's also claimed that uncooked cacao contains higher levels of antioxidants(抗氧化物) than roasted cacao used in most chocolate.“Over the last 10 years, consumers have become more involved in their food and drink，” says Kris McGowan, who runs the Raw Chocolate Company. “They care a lot m ore about its healthy qualities and chocolate is no exception.”But Martin Schweizer, professor of biochemistry at Heriot­Watt University, urges caution on describing raw chocolate as a super food until more research is carried out. “We have to loo k at this in more depth. The research is at a fairly early stage.”There are concerns that not heating them to about 150 ℃ could mean an increase in bacteria. However, producers insist that, as no animal products are involved, there is no greater risk than when dealing with vegetables such as carrots or lettuces.Jennifer Earle, a writer on chocolate, is unconvinced by it on taste grounds. “It's the quality of the cacao that makes a difference, not whether the chocolate is ‘raw’ or not，” she says. “And if you're talking about health, I'd rather eat some top­quality ordinary chocolate and have a plate of vegetablesafte rwards.”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

Unit 2The United KingdomⅠ.单词拼写1．It is greatly to your________(赞扬)that you gave back the money you f ound.2．One of the main________(吸引)of the job is the high salary.3．The scenery is so beautiful that it is beyond________(描述)．4．It was a________(令人毛骨悚然的)story of violence and murder.5．There was a________(冲突)between the two sides；so they didn't reach any agreement.6．It's surprising that he________(阐明)this difficult sentence with a very simple explanation.7．We________(完成)this difficult task ahead of time，which surprised everybody.8．It is________(不可能的)for John to give up；he has devoted so much to the experiment.9．The three countries found themselves ________(联合的)peacefully instead of by war.10．The castle stands on a hill，and the road to there is steep and________(粗糙的，崎岖的)．答案 1.credit 2.attractions 3.description 4.thrilling 5.conflict 6.clarified 7.accomplished8.impossible9．united10.roughⅡ.完成句子1．She______________in the last few weeks.在过去的几周里，她完成了相当多的工作。

Unit 5 First Aid李仕才一、阅读理解。

The last thing Caitlin Hipp would have expected as she prepared to turn 28 years old was to be living at home with her parents. All she’s ever wanted to do is to become an elementary school teacher. However, Hipp has racked up(累计) $100,000 (about 0.67 million yuan) in student loan debt and isn’t able to earn enough through working as a part-time skating instructor and restaurant server to live anywhere other than home.To some degree, multigenerational households have always been a part of American life. However, the number of adults who have been moving back in with their parents or never leaving home in the first place has been growing steadily.The Pew Research Center recently reported that 2016 was a milestone in the evolving living arrangements of young adults in the US. Until 2016, the most common living arrangement for young adults was to be living in their own property as part of a couple. UBS Financial Services, a Swiss global financial services company, released a report that even suggests one reason for the growing number of young adults still living at home could be that their family doesn’t want them to leave. The report shows that 74 percent of millennials(千禧一代) get some kind of financial support from their parents after college. Millennials see their parents as peers, friends and mentors(导师). In return, their parents happily provide financial support well into adulthood, helping fund everything for them. Stuart Hoffman, chief economist for the PNC Financial Group in t he US, said “Although job growth for millennials since 2014 has improved, that doesn’t necessarily mean that millennials are starting to fly the nest, he said. “They may like living at home and being able to save money.”He added, “While it has held back h ousehold formation and purchases on things, they are probably traveling more and eating out more. I don’t know if it represents a change in moral values, it’s much more common for adult children to live in their parent’s homes because it’s becoming part of the culture.”1.What’s the purpose of Caitlin Hipp’s story?A. To prove the author’s view.B. To introduce her situation.C. To present the topic.D. To make readers rethink about the problem.2.What does the underlined part (Paragraph1) probably refer to?A. live with parentsB. live independentlyC. stay at homeD. leave home3.According to Hoffman, which of the following is true?A. It isn’t necessary for millennials to leave the nest.B. They can spend less money on their daily life.C. Moral values are changing gradually.D. Young adults are living in a different life style.4.What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Why is the number of the millennial growing steadily?B. Why has the percentage of adults living with their parents been on the rise?C. Why are parents willing to help fund for young adults?D. Why do more adults treat their parents as peers, friends and guides?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在美国，现在和父母同住的年轻人的数量持续增加这一社会现象。

The United Kingdom李仕才一、阅读理解。

According to a team of researchers, an animal’s ability to perceive(感知) time is linked to their pace of life.“Our results lend support to the importance of time perception in animals where the ability to perceive time in a very short time may be the difference between life and death for fast moving creatures，” commented the lead author Kevin Healy from Trinity College Dublin.The study was done with a variety of animals using a phenomenon based on the maximum speed of flashes of light an individual can see before the light source is seen as constant. Dogs, for example, have eyes with a refresh rate higher than humans.One example of this phenomenon at work, the authors say, is the housefly and its ability to avoid being hit. The research shows flies observe motion in a shorter time than our own eyes can achieve, which allows them to avoid being hit.Professor Graeme Ruxton of the University of St Andrews in Scotland, who worked jointly on the research project, said in a statement, “Having eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes do is of no value if the brain cannot process that information equally quickly. Thus, this work highlights the impressive abilities of even the smallest animal brains. Flies might not be deep thinkers, but they can make good decisions very quickly.”In comparison, the tiger beetle(虎甲虫) runs faster than its eyes can keep up, basically becoming blind, which requires it to stop period ically to re­evaluate its prey’s(猎物) position.Our results suggest that time perception offers an as yet unstudied dimension in which animals can specialize and there is a considerable range to study this system in more detail.【解题导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。

Ⅰ阅读理解AIn our everyday lives we meet situations in which we take many things for granted. We only treasure things when they are gone. This is a sad truth of human nature. One day, I found myself as a witness to a similar situation.One evening, I left work and boarded the train. After entering, I noticed something unusual. The center of the car had a few empty seats while both ends were crowded with people standing. I didn’t pay much attention and sat down on one of the empty seats. I sensed a funny smell. It wasn’t long before I noticed a homeless person sleeping on three seats in front of me. He was bleeding from his nose. Why wasn’t anyone helping him?His clothes were torn and he was giving off a strange smell. Along with the smell, his eyes were dull, watery, and red. Occasionally he scratched himself and people looked at him as if he had committed a crime. As the train stopped at stations and more people came in they covered their noses and faced away from him. All the seats around him were empty.Suddenly, he began to swear at the people around him. A plain­clothes police officer who looked like a construction worker took out his certificate and showed it to the homeless man. The officer, not wanting to touch the homeless man, told him his rights and directed him to exit the train. As the officer walked the man out of the train, the homeless man turned around and said “MY HOME！” and started crying.A man doesn’t value things until they are gone. If he didn’t have a home, at least he had freedom. Now he has neither. No one wants to help someone who won’t help himself.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。

First Aid第一节阅读理解阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。

AThe other day, I noticed a message on a friend's page. It made me very sad. She says she is the one who reaches out to people, but rarely do they reach out P1 to her. So, after communicating with her for a while, I began to challenge W1 my friends. “Contact W2 someone right now. Send messages or call someone who you haven't spoken to for a while, or who you only talk to when they message or call you. Let someone who may feel alone in the world right this moment know that they are not alone. That is my challenge to you. Please do it, and let me know once you have. Either by calling me back, or by sending me a message. Be the change that you want to see in the world.”The response W3 was great. 28 people liked my post, and another 10 posted that they did, and I got about a dozen messages telling me that they did. And there was one very special message.“I just want you to know what has happened. That day, I sent a message to a friend who I hadn't heard from for a while. She and I talked for a whole day back and forth P2 on messages and then on the phone. She said she was so incredibly W4 sad. Nobody has spoken with her in two weeks. By the tone of her voice, and by the conversations we were having, I think she was about to take her own life(自杀). After our conversation, shehas agreed to talk to someone. Your message of kindness has saved her.I can't wait to tell you how thankful I am for people like you in the world, who care when nobody else will. I am proud to call myself your friend. Thank you！”I didn't quite know what to say after reading the message. I was wondering how best to use it for greater good. I decided that sharing what we have done is the most powerful way. I know that I am a cheerleader W5 when it comes to making the world a better place with kindness, because if I help someone, it makes me feel better. I do it because I need to feel better.篇章导读：本文为记叙文。

矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。

如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。

㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。

(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。

如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。

对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。

二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。

2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。

㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。

2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。

三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。

2、矿区矿产资源概况。

3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。

㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。

2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。

课时练1阅读理解提速练Ⅰ阅读理解A(2018·云南高三调研)For the growing number of Chinese heading west to work and study, there’s plenty they find surprising. Upon arrival in the West, many Chinese find they have to firstly put on the brakes. Li Feng, raised in northern China and now based in England, agrees.“The only thing Chinese people would be shocked by in Britain is how long it takes to do things，”he says.“For instance, in China if you want to open a bank account, you don’t wait and you just do it at the counter.” Out-of-hours and weekend work is standard in China, but in Britain, the weekend is for family and friends.Chen Lei, who left his homeland 12 years ago and is now a lawyer in Belgium says office politics are simpler in Europe, partly because the hierarchy(等级制度) is less rigid than in China, where the boss really is the boss and social class in the office is very obvious and important.As a result, staff in a Chinese company think very carefully about how to present their views and ideas. Employees in the West can share their opinions more freely. In China you should have the wisdom to say something in an appropriate way. But in Europe you can just say what you want.The newest Chinese arrivals have a very different view to previous generations, according to Sharon Jin, who moved to the U．S. 20 years ago and is now an American citizen. “Almost 100% of people of my generation who came to the States want to get a green card，”she says. “But today younger Chinese plan to work for 10 years here and then return to China to buy a house or look a fter their parents.” While a record number of 523，700 students left China to study elsewhere in 2015, roughly 70%－80% of students abroad have been returning in recent years because of the attractive job market at home, according to the Chinese Ministry of Education (CME)．【解题导语】以前，中国人去国外都想获得绿卡，而现在他们计划在国外工作十年以后，再回来买房或照顾父母。

必修五Unit 2[基础回顾]Ⅰ.单句语法填空(导学号02516259)1、Will it be convenient for you to chat with me on the Internet tonight?2、Attracted(attract) by the movie starred in by Jet Li，I decided to see it again.3、Remember that your ideal life does not always consist with the reality.4、—Would you like to go to the football game tonight?—Oh，sorry.I have arranged to see(see) the film Personal Tailor by Feng Xiaogang.5、With so much work filling my mind，I broke down.6、The factory is well furnished(furnish) with modern equipment.7、It is thought that the scenery of the West Lake is beautiful beyond description (describe)、8、China held a grand military parade at the Zhu Rihe Training Base in celebration of the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese People's Liberation Army on July 30,2017.9、Thank you for writing and allowing me to clarify(clarify) the present position.10、We should not overlook this possibility that we can't arrive on time because of the weather.Ⅱ.单句改错(每句一错)(导学号02516260)1、My husband arranged me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.arranged后加for2、To his delighting，he got the first place in the maths exam.delighting→delight3、Rainbow Valley is great tourist attraction，drawing many visitors every year.is后加a4、Please come and see me for your convenience.for→at5、Keep your eyes opened if you want to find the boy in red sweater.opened→openⅢ.佳句写作(导学号02516261)1、真奇怪你的妈妈竟然知道了所有的事情.(It is strange that...)答案:It is strange that your mother (should) have known everything.2、众所周知，塑料袋很难分解.(break down)答案:As is known to us all，plastic bags are difficult to break down.3、他发现自己躺在医院的病床上.(find＋宾语＋宾补)答案:He found himself lying in a hospital bed.4、请在你方便的时候去看看你的父母.(convenient)答案:Please go to see your parents at your convenience/when it is convenient to you.5、他们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这个任务.(There is no possibility that...)答案:There is no possibility that they can finish the task in such a short time.[技能提升]Ⅰ.阅读理解(导学号02516262)(2018·南昌NCS0607项目第一次模拟)When people introduce themselves，I always hear them say “I'm just a housewife”、I don't understand why their introduction is always filled with regret and self-pity.Is it really a crime to be a housewife？Is it really embarrassing when you choose not to work outside and instead choose to work in your home?How could you be “just a housewife” when the basic social unit of society depends on you and your service？A housewife works for the longest hour，supporting your husband，child's studies，caring for elders，managing finances，paying bills，grocery shopping, cooking according to individual taste，cleaning，etc.A housewife could be anyone:daughter，wife，mother, teacher，financial advisor，fashion designer and nurse, gardener，driver，cook，and so on.Don't think you are not being paid for it.You get the reward that no money can offer－the love and affection of your family，their trust in you，a happy home and your own satisfaction.It is you who choose to be in this occupation，willingly or for any other reason.After a busy day，all wait to return to the comfortable home set by you.They know you will be there to absorb all their stress and tiredness and relax them.Would the life have been the same had you been working outside to earn some money？Would you along with your family have been able to buy all the content in life that you are enjoying now with that money?Respect yourself for what you are.Introduce yourself to the world with the same dignity.The world understands the importance of your job；it's time to make them accept it.Introduce yourself with pride and with twinkle in your eyes “I am a housewife”、Kick that “just” out.[语篇解读]本文主要讨论了家庭主妇的伟大之处.1、How do people feel when they say “I'm just a housewife”？A、Satisfied.B、Proud.C、Regretful.D、Anxious.【解析】:C[考查细节理解.根据第一段的第二句“I don't understand why their introduction is always filled with regret and self-pity”可知，家庭主妇在自我介绍时会对自己的身份感到后悔或者遗憾.]2、Listing the housewife's duties，the author implies a housewife________.A、usually leads a terrible lifeB、plays a more important roleC、does not always get her rewardD、makes a great contribution to the family【解析】:D[考查推理判断.根据第二段的整体内容可知，家庭主妇身兼多职，其在家庭中的作用和地位不可小觑，为整个家庭做出了巨大的贡献.]3、If a housewife worked outside，she would____________.A、have the same life like beforeB、set a comfortable home for her familyC、absorb her family's stressD、lose the content that she is enjoying【解析】:D[考查推理判断.根据第三段的“Would you along with your family have been able to buy all the content in life that you are enjoying now with that money”可推知，职业妇女是不可能享有家庭主妇所享有的那种满足感的，那是钱买不来的.]4、What is the author's attitude toward housewives?A、Supportive.B、Doubtful.C、Opposed.D、Tolerant.【解析】:A[考查观点态度.根据文章最后一段的“Introduce yourself with pride and with twinkle in your eyes ‘I am a housewife’、Kick that ‘just’ out”可推知，作者是支持家庭主妇的.]Ⅱ.完形填空(导学号02516263)One day，a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. They waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin.The professor __1__the question papers，with the text facing down as usual. __2__he handed them all out，he asked his students to __3__the page and begin.To everyone's surprise，there were no __4__，just a black dot in the center of the page.The professor，seeing the expression on everyone's face, told them the following:“I want you to write what you __5__there.”The students，__6__，got started on the inexplicable(费解的)task.At the end of the class，the professor __7__all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students.All of them, with no __8__，described the black dot，trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet，etc. After all had been __9__the classroom was silent, and the professor began to explain:“I'm not going to grade(打分) this.I __10__wanted to give you something to thinkabout.No one wrote about the __11__part of the paper.Everyone focused on the black dot，and the same happens in our __12__. We have a white paper to observe and __13__，but we always focus on the dark spots.Our life is a __14__given to us with love and care，and we always have __15__to celebrate:nature renewing itself every day，our friends around us，the job that __16__our livelihood and the miracles we see every day.17__，we insist on focusing only on the dark spots:the health issues that bother us，the lack of money，the __18__relationship with colleagues，the __19__with a friend，and etc.The dark spots are very __20__compared with everything we have in our lives，but they are the ones that pollute our minds.”[语篇解读]本文主要讲述了教授通过让学生们做一份特殊的试卷而给学生们上了一堂生动的哲理课:不要太关注人生的不完美，要好好享受我们所拥有的美好！1、A.handed out B、wrapped upC、referred toD、pointed at【解析】:A[根据下文可知，教授进教室后，给学生们分发(handed out)试卷.]2、A.Since B、UntilC、IfD、After【解析】:D[根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的时间先后关系，故用after引导时间状语从句.]3、A.fold B、turnC、openD、use【解析】:B[根据语境“and begin”可推知，教授要求学生们翻开试卷，开始答题.turn“翻，翻动(书页)”.open表示打开的含义，不符合语境，故排除.]4、A.exercises B、choicesC、questionsD、scores【解析】:C[根据上文的“the question papers”可知，令学生们吃惊的是，试卷上并没有问题(questions).]5、A.remember B、imagineC、studyD、see【解析】:D[根据下文的“described the black dot”可知，教授让学生们写下自己看见(see)了什么.]6、A.surprised B、confusedC、curiousD、displeased【解析】:B[根据上文的“To everyone's surprise”和语境“the inexplicable(费解的) task”可推知，学生们很困惑.surprised“惊奇的”；confused“困惑的”；curious“好奇的”；displeased“不悦的”.]7、A.collected B、finishedC、markedD、selected【解析】:A[根据语境“and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”和上文“he handed them all out”可推知，老师把分发下去的试卷收了上来.]8、A.excuse B、doubtC、exceptionD、explanation【解析】:C[根据语境“All of them”可推知，所有的学生无一例外地描述了那个黑点.excuse“借口”；doubt“怀疑”；exception“例外”；explanation“解释”.]9、A.said B、answeredC、returnedD、read【解析】:D[根据上文的“and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students”可知，教授读完后，大家都沉默了.]10、A.also B、justC、evenD、finally【解析】:B[根据语境“not”可知，此处表示强调，故用副词just，意为“只是”，符合语境.]11、A.big B、blackC、beautifulD、white【解析】:D[根据下文的“a white paper”可知，没有人关注卷子的空白部分.]12、A.lives B、classroomsC、collegesD、studies【解析】:A[根据下文的“Our life”可知，教授用这件事来类比生活.]13、A.send B、keepC、enjoyD、show【解析】:C[根据下文的“to celebrate”可推知，此处应选C.enjoy“享受……的乐趣，享有”，与上文的observe对应.]14、A.burden B、giftC、pressureD、lesson【解析】:B[根据语境“to celebrate”可推知，我们的生活是一个充满关爱的礼物.burden“负担”；gift“礼物”；pressure“压力”；lesson“课程，教训”.]15、A.reasons B、timeC、freedomD、festivals【解析】:A[根据语境“always”和“to celebrate”以及下文所列举的“nature renewing itself...the miracles we see every day”可推知，我们总是有理由去庆祝.]16、A.threatens B、ruinsC、providesD、changes【解析】:C[根据语境可知，此处表示“提供谋生手段的工作”.provide“提供”.]17、A.However B、ThereforeC、BesidesD、Moreover【解析】:A[根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系.]18、A.close B、complicatedC、specialD、strong【解析】:B[根据语境“bother”和“lack”以及“the dark spots”可推知，应选B.close“亲密的”；complicated“复杂的”；special“特殊的”；strong“强的”.]19、A.stay B、contactC、satisfactionD、disappointment【解析】:D[根据语境“bother”和“lack”以及“the dark spots”可推知，此处应选D.disappointment意为“失望的”.]20、A.dark B、roundC、smallD、dirty【解析】:C[根据上文的“just a black dot in the center of the page”可推知，黑点对整张试卷来讲只占了很小的一个比例，人生的不完美亦是一样的.]Ⅲ.短文改错(导学号02516264)(2018·贵州适应性考试)One day，Jack invites some friends to his home for a dinner.When none of his friends arrived，he asked them sit at the table.He began to count for the people in his mind while they having the delicious food.Suddenly，he cried out:“Oh，they are 13 people here！”Everybody's face turned white except Mr Brown.He said slowly with the smile on his face:“Don't be worry，dear friends！We have 14 people here.My wife will have a baby in a few weeks.She's in the family now.”All of them became happy again.“Congratulations！”we said to Mr and Mrs Brown.They all had a wonderfully time that evening.答案:。