(完整)2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解

action.
We felt proud for what we did during this activity, and it
would be a sweet memory in my mind forever.
好文章的标准
整洁的 卷面
丰富的 词汇
流畅的 结构
独到的 见解
牢记英语写作的基本要领：
A. was planning C. had planned B. planned D. would plan
技巧四：语言表达要准确
1. 忌汉语思维，逐字翻译
The car’s color was yellow.
The car was 改为 yellow.
2. 忌用词搭配不当
花费很多时 spend much 间做某事 改为 time in... take much time in...
题相关的内容。
技巧七：作文的时间安排要合理
写作理想时间是30分钟，最少不能少于20分钟，要有一
定的时间限制。
技巧八：生受 益匪浅。
假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华，为响应绿化祖国
的号召，你班四月十二日去郊区植树。请根据以下四幅图 的先后顺序，介绍植树活动的全过程，给某英文杂志的 “绿色行动”专栏写一篇以“Green Action in our class” 为主题的英语稿件。注意：次数不少于60。提示词：郊
技巧五：作文分类要牢记
步骤一
步骤二
开头直截 了当，不 拐弯抹角
步骤三
行文一般 以10个句 子为宜
仔细审题， 整理要点
步骤四
用最有把握 的词语句型 将规定内容 加以表达
步骤五
适当使用一 些过渡性的 连接词,将句 子连珠成串

参考范文 To ensure a brilliant college life,you’d better spare time to visit campuses to examine all aspects of your dream colleges ,even if it may be costly.(要点1) If you live nearby,be sure to check it out before you apply.(要点2)Even after submitting applications,a visit can help avoid much trouble.(要点3)However,visiting the online college fairs at ,if not possible to see for yourself for lack of time and money,will be beneficial.(要点4)
单元写作指导 概要写作
-1-
写作指导 概要写作要求考生基于一篇350词以内的短文写出一篇60词左 右的内容概要,以此来考查学生准确获取关键词,并对文章大意进 行归纳概括,并用简洁的语言转述文章重要信息的能力。考生要在 正确理解短文的基础上,用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要 内容和观点,是对阅读理解能力和书面表达能力的综合考查。 短文选材以说明文和议论文为主,文章结构比较清晰,通常包含4 个左右的要点。考生要客观准确归纳要点,不照搬原文句子,要点 之间要恰当衔接,全文内容要连贯,过渡要自然。
Now,if time and money are making it impossible,then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive.It’s a chance to chat online with admissions officers,students,and college counselors(顾问),and it won’t cost you a penny!You can register for its online college fair at .While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit,it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.

高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

原文以说明文、议论文为主，概要，基本就是段落大意。

每段用一句话概括，或者两段一个大意，最多用两句话概括。

（一）高分要诀1•概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句，准确理解、分析原文要点，归纳段落人思o2•各要点的表达既要相对独立，又要有适当的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

3•所用句型力求简单，安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

4 •不排斥用原文的某些词句，但不要照搬原文的句子，如果不能完全用自己的话语表达，至少对原文句子做一些同义词替换，如果结构上也能有一些转换会更好。

此外，在写作时，要尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。

例如，尽量少用关系代词whrh,who 等引导的定语从句，而采用动词-hg 形式和过去分词做定语。

5•多使用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。

注意要点之间的衔接。

概要写作中的衔接过渡词汇：（二）高分三注意期J除细节提炼*刪除具体例子（引用一两个说明问题即可）4免重复I整台同义转换:近义词、同义词等替换.句子璽构:调整词类、时态、语态等逻辑:街接（照应、替代、谷路、连接和词汇衔谖）G）成篇三步骤1•阅读（1）认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。

⑵画出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要;对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。

(3)简要地记下主要观点一一主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。

2•写作(1)尽量用自己的话完成，不要直接引用原文的句子。

⑵应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序，这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。

2019年高考英语真题写作解析一、假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。

请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1.写信目的；2.个人优势；3.能做的事情。

注意:1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.结束语已为你写好。

【写作指导】申请信类型很多，包括求职信，报考申请信，留学申请信等；写申请信应注意语言言简意赅，语气诚恳礼貌，避免夸张。

申请信一般包括：申请原因、具备条件、恳请申请单位考虑自己的申请，表示谢意，期盼回复。

具体为：第一段引入事件，说明写信目的。

第二段介绍关于自己的一些具体内容。

第三段提出请求，表示感谢盼复。

【好词好句】1. 好词集锦：confident 自信的suitable 合适的extremely 非常；极度pleased 高兴的grateful 感激的especially 特别；尤其；格外opportunity 机会position 职位apply for 申请be good at 擅长take...into consideration 考虑2. 说明应聘原因常用语(1) I learned from sb/the newspaper that your company wanted to...(2) I was told that...(3) I have just read in the newspaper that your company needs a...(4) I am writing to inqure the opportunity for ...(5) I am writing to you to inqure if there would be any position available for me to work as a...(6) I am writing to apply for the job.(7) I have learned from your advertisement that a ...is wanted in your company. 3. 介绍个人优势常用语(1) Now I would like to introduce myself to you.(2) My name is Tom aged 16/who is a 16-year-old boy.(3) I graduated from...in 2012.(4) I like / am fond of swimming singing and dancing in my spare time.(5) I work hard and I can get along /on well with others.(6) I am good at English and especially my spoken English is fairly good.(7) I can talk to foreigners in English freely.(8) I am currently studying ...4. 表示感谢及请求常用语(1) Thank you for your consideration of my application.(2) If you agree with me I\\'ll work hard and try to be a...(3) I am looking forward to hearing from you.(4) If you agree with me please write to me or phone me. My telephone number is...(5) I am writing to you in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to ....(6) I would like to apply the position that your company offers to me.(7) Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to your early reply.(8) I would be very grateful if you could consider my application.【优秀范文】Dear Sir or MadamBeing a student from China I\\'m writing this letter to apply for the voluntary position in the coming exhibition of Chinese paintings. And I\\'m really willing to expect you can consider me into this position.Given that I can speak both English and fluent Chinese and I am outgoing sociable and responsible I do believe I am competent for this job. In addition through this I can not only improve my oral English but also introduce Chinese painting and calligraphy culture to visitors from all over the world. I would also like to seize this opportunity to deepen visitors\\' understanding of China and itspainting and calligraphy culture. I hope it is possible to be accepted as a volunteer of this exhibition.Thank you for considering my application and I am looking forward to your early reply.YoursLi Hua二、假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。

三演讲稿/致辞1.技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤演讲稿是演讲者在一定的场合，面对特定的对象，为了达到某种目的而采取的表达自己观点的文字，是高考中较为常见的应用文。

无论谁发表演说，发言人都是为了达到某一特定的目的，所以根据致辞的目的，发言稿可分为宣讲类和欢迎/送类。

其共同的特点在于要突出主题，易于被听众接受。

此类写作在结构安排上可分为如下三个部分：第一部分：称谓(对听众或与会者的称呼)。

如：Comrades, Friends, Ladies and gentlemen, Dear fellow students, Boys and girls, Good afternoon, everyone ...第二部分：正文或导言。

正文部分明确介绍欢迎或欢送的对象，简单介绍其身份、经历以及客人在逗留期间进行了哪些活动等。

第三部分：结束语。

如：That's all.Thank you. Thank you foryour listening/attention.等。

(2)写作注意事项①文章结构：演讲稿第一段侧重介绍事情的发生、发展和结局。

第二段应紧扣主题表示欢迎、欢送、号召、建议及个人看法等。

②语言直白简洁。

演讲稿是直接面向听众的，所以我们在语言的选择上要简短，尽可能多使用简单句，听众一听就能听懂，当然，一些经典的长句我们也可以用在文中。

③观点鲜明，感情真挚。

演讲稿观点鲜明，显示着说话者对一种理性认识的肯定，也显示着说话者对客观事物见解的透彻程度，能给人以可信性和可靠感，感情真挚才能打动人，引起听众的共鸣。

(3)句式积累①欢迎致辞常用语We are glad to have a chance to get together with ...We feel greatly honoured to have a chance to be with ...Let's give our warm welcome to ...Thank you for your accepting our invitation to come to ...First of all, allow me on behalf of ... to ...Now let us ask sb. to speak to us.②欢送致辞常用语In bidding farewell to sb. ...To convey our profound friendship to sb. ...To convey our best regards and respects to sb. ...To wish sb. a pleasant journey home and good health ...May the friendship between ... be further developed!2．经典范文[2016·天津高考]假设你是晨光中学的学生会主席李津。

2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力3、考查归纳总结的能力4、考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右•2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点•3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇•4）完全使用自己的语言•5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法Step 1. 确定体裁，明确主题Step 2. 明确文章结构（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿Step 5. 润色成文1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词① 同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important ）②） ③ 句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3) 衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks his job is meaningful/helpful and he gains a lot. （同义词转换）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free walk, quiet and peaceful environment, fresh food, etc. （句式改变）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I heard no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。

2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力 2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力 3、考查归纳总结的能力4、 考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右• 2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点• 3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇• 4）完全使用自己的语言• 5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I hea rd no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I t hought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on eac h other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。

2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力 2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力 3、考查归纳总结的能力4、 考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右• 2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点• 3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇• 4）完全使用自己的语言• 5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词①同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important）②句式转换：简化句子结构（例如，定语从句改成分词作后置定语；状语从句改成非谓语作状语；）③句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3)衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I hea rd no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman —Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I t hought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on eac h other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。

高中英语写作指导-《概要写作》该题型提供一篇350词以内的短文,要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

原文以说明文、议论文为主,概要,基本就是段落大意。

每段用一句话概括,或者两段一个大意,最多用两句话概括。

(一)高分要诀1.概要应包括原文中的主要事实,略去不必要的细节。

这就要求考生在写作时要找关键词和主题句,准确理解、分析原文要点,归纳段落大意。

2.各要点的表达既要相对独立,又要有适当的衔接,要用适当的关联词语贯通全文,切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子,但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语,以免显得生硬。

3.所用句型力求简单,安排好篇幅的比例,概要应同原文保持协调,即用较多的文字写重要内容,用较少的文字写次要内容。

4.不排斥用原文的某些词句,但不要照搬原文的句子,如果不能完全用自己的话语which,who等引导的定语从句,而采用动词-ing形式和过去分词做定语。

5.多使用概括性词语,少用具体描述性词语。

注意要点之间的衔接。

承接过渡让步过渡列举过渡目的过渡first of allfirst as soon as second with the aim althoughas a matter of thirdit is true...that offactin the first place even though for the sake so to speak initially of course of however to start with certainly with a view as it were furthermore admittedly today after day in addition indeed for the year in and year moreover true purpose of outs more 'what finally理由时间总结举例sinceaccording to by virtue of as an all in allbefore illustration so to summarize since for instance given in summary as one example as a result of in conclusion untilfor example because (of) as ameanwhile due to just as consequence at the moment in particular in view of lastlywhen on account of such as by and large whenever namely owing to finally as soon as to illustrate the reason why consequently just as in other words a case in point to sum up lead totake...for hencefor this reason表示时间表示强调比较总括过渡词at times as a rule similarly after above all as far as I am similar to afterwards after all concerned the same as in factfrom then on as for me accordingly immediately particularly economically both...aslaterthat is speaking at the same time anyway meanwhile generally in the same chiefly next speakingmannernow even worse in my opinion in a similar way until more often in my view in commonthan thatwhile in some then总括过渡词表示时间表示强调比较respectsobviouslymostin common on a large scaleequally important of on a personalimportant levelallfor one needless to practicallything...for sayspeakinganother simplistically no doubtlikewise to be surespeakingto take the ideafurther)(二高分三注意(三)成篇三步骤1.阅读(1)认真阅读给定的原文材料,如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍;阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。

Exercise Two图片类
下面的一幅漫画描写了当前社会的教育状况，请结合自己的感受谈谈你对这种状况的看法。你的作文必须包括：
漫画所反映的社会教育状况。
你对这种现状的观点和看法。
参考范文：
In the picture, a boy who is bound by a lot of after-school lessons looks very upset. This image indicates a common phenomenon in a funny way that students today are forced to take too many lessons after school.
On one hand, the expense of learning abroad is beyond what an average family can afford. Many parents will probably be overburdened cover all the expense. Worse still, many students cannot discipline themselves without their parents around. Chances are that faced with temptations, they may pick up some bad habits and return eventually fruitless.
To sum up, taking lessons after school is a way to help students study better, but it shouldn’t be a burden. What really works is not those lessons but your own efforts. (235 words)

2019高考英语概要写作技巧讲解一、考点分析（一）考查内容：1、考查读懂文章内容的能力2、考查识别作者写作目的的能力3、考查归纳总结的能力4、考查组织文章的能力（二）评分要点•1）字数50左右•2）理解准确，涵盖全部要点•3）准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇•4）完全使用自己的语言•5）有效使用语句间的连接成分，结构紧凑二、专题详解定义：It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition.读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章的主要内容和观点。

（三）写作方法Step 1. 确定体裁，明确主题Step 2. 明确文章结构（总-分，总-分-总，分-总，并列）Step 3. 划主题句与关键信息Step 4. 写纲要，打草稿Step 5. 润色成文1) 找准体裁，提炼要点按体裁 2) 语言：同义词① 同义转换：近义词、同义词和词组的替换，尽量用单词替换短语（例 improve=promote, of great importance = greatly important ）②） ③ 句子重构：调整词类（名词、动词、形容词转换）、时态、语态（主动变被动）等3) 衔接（替换；省略；增加）：表逻辑关系的连接词替换：并列关系and, moreover, furthermore, in addition,转折关系 but, instead, however, on the other hand省略：并列观点有时可省略连接词;记叙文可省略衔接词。

增加：按逻辑关系，补充连接词firstly…, secondly…, finally…;and…, moreover…, furthermore…; but, instead, however,例（一）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Chris, whose job is exciting and dangerous, works for MFS. Chris and other MFS’s doctors need to be ready to go almost anywhere in the world and might be sent on an emergency task. Christ thinks his job is meaningful/helpful and he gains a lot. （同义词转换）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary ：People from countryside generally live longer than city people because they enjoy many advantages such as close with nature, physical work, being free from urban pressure, more free walk, quiet and peaceful environment, fresh food, etc. （句式改变）_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Keys:Windbreak, which is formed by trees and other plants, is used by farmers to protect their land from damage by farming and the forces of the nature. Windbreak can protect the crops and help improve grain production. However, windbreak should be planted properly to work its best.练习实战练习（一）One hot night last August, I tried everything I could think of—a warm bottle, songs, etc. to make him fall into sleep, but he just couldn’t do it. Since I believed that a long night was waiting for me ahead, I had no choice but to bring a TV into his room to kill off the hours until dawn. I was surprised that the moment I turned on the TV, the baby became quiet right away and fixed his little eyes brightly on the screen. Not willing to waste an opportunity for sleep, I then tiptoed(用脚失走）out of the room, leaving him to watch the boring TV programs.I heard no more of the baby’s crying that night and the next morning when I went into his room, I found him still watching TV by himself. I found there was a metaphor (暗喻) in my baby’s behavior for the new generation. When I gave my boy some books to go over, he only spit upon them; when I read to him, he did not feel comfortable. So is it in the schools with my students. I find that our students don’t read and they look down upon reading and make light of those of us who teach it. All they want to do is to watch TV. After this experience with the baby, however, I have drawn a conclusion: “Let them watch it!” If television is much more attractive to children than books, why should we fight against it? Let them watch what they want!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：The writer tried everything to make her baby fall asleep but failed. Surprisingly, when she turned on the TV, the baby kept quiet himself. Then she found that her students liked watching TV as much as her baby. So the writer suggested that we should let children watch what they want.实战练习（二）More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today.Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost! Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighbourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding bikes work well for people who take the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling: It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week bums off five kilos of fat in a year. Bicycling can improve your mood. Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident. Bicycling is healthier than driving._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:Many people like bicycling because it’s fun, heathy and good for environment and it’s easy to stop and get off. Sometimes folding bikes can be taken with you on an airplane or a train. Most importantly, bicycling has a lot of health benefits.强化练习练习（一）Understanding body language is important to success, whether in the business world or in our personal lives. However, some of our ideas about body language are wrong, according to modern communication research.There is a belief that people with shifty(变化的) eyes are probably lying. As Paul Ekman says, “When we asked people how they could tell if someone was lying, too much blinking(眨眼) and shifty eyes were the answers.” Ekman goes on to argue against such a wrong belief. Although this kind of body language is probably an expression of nervousness, it is not always because the person is lying. Shyness can, for example, make people shift their eyes. To understand what someone’s behavior means, you have to watch them carefully.There is also a belief that when meeting someone, the more eye contact, the better. As a result people would like to make initial (开始的) contact in formal situations, like a job interview, by staring fixedly at the other human. Yet Ekman points out that most of us are comfortable with eye contact lasting a few seconds，but any eye contact that is longer than that cm make us nervous.In short, you must carefully consider the speaker and the speaking environment. Experts suggest that unless you know about someone’s basic communication style, you will have little hope in understanding their true feelings through body language. In other words, body language carries important but not always true messages._____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary:The passage argues two wrong ideas about body language. One is that people believe shifty eyes means that person is lying. The other is that people believe the more eye contact, the better during communication. Finally, the writer gives us a suggestion that we should be careful when we judge somebody body language.练习（二）Linda Evans was my best friend—like the sister I never had. We did everything together: having piano lessons, going to movies, swimming, and horseback riding.When I was 13, my family moved away. Linda and I kept in touch through letters, and we saw each other on special time—like my wedding and Linda’s. Soon we were busy with children and moving to new homes, and we wrote less often. One day a card that I sent came back, stamped “Address Unknown.” I had no idea how to find Linda.Over the years, I missed Linda very much. I wanted to share happiness of my children and then grandchildren. And I needed to share my sadness when my brother and then mother died. There was an empty place in my heart that only a friend like Linda could fill.One day I was reading a newspaper when I noticed a photo of a young woman who looked very much like Linda and whose last name was Wagman — Linda's married name. “There must be thousands of Wagmans,” I thought, but I still wrote to her.She called as soon as she got my letter. “Mrs. Tobin!’’ she said excitedly, “Linda Evans Wagman is my mother.Minutes later I heard a voice that I knew very much, even after 40 years, laughed and cried and caught up on each other’s lives. Now the empty place in my heart is filled. And there’s one thing that Linda and I know for sure: We won’t lose each other again!_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____Summary：Linda Evans and the writer are best friends. After the writer’s family moved away, they kept in touch through letters. Then, they were all busy and wrote letters often. Finally, they lost in touch with each other and the writer felt empty. After 40 years, the writer found Linda and they won’t lose each other again.1．他利用她人好心软，三番五次向她借钱。

2019年高考英语写作考试大纲解读（含答案）《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关写作的要求：要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。

考生应能：（1）清楚、连贯地传递信息，表达意思；（2）有效运用所学语言知识。

【解读】写作是语言运用能力的重要表现形式。

该部分要求考生根据题示进行书面表达。

考生应能：2.使用一定的句型、词汇，清楚、连贯地表达自己的意思任何一篇文章都需要有一个主题，作者应该围绕该主题，使用合适的句型、词组等，清楚、连贯地表达自己的思想。

新课标卷主要分两节，第一节为短文改错，第二节书面表达。

常用词语和句子准时on time/punctually餐桌礼仪table manners合适的、恰当的appropriate拜访pay a visit toYou are suppos ed/expected/required to do…It’s a good idea to…It’s appropriate/suitable to do …It’s sensible/reasonable/advisable to do …It’s good manners to do …It’s noteworthy that…I think it would be more helpful if you could do…It would be wise of you to…It’s desirable to do …It’s inappropriate to do …It’s impolite to do…It’s unwise/inadvisable to do …Never （助动词/系动词/情态动词）主语+谓语动词…It’s not suitable for you to do…in such a situation.【备考启示】近年来高考写作的命题常用的思想就是高起点低落点。

高起点题目很高，中国文化，中国故事，中国礼仪等等，但最终都把它们落在应用文的框架里，这就是低落点。

自己的话表达：
According to experts, it is the quality of praise rather than quantity that matters, which shows parents' sincerity and concentration on process instead of focusing on the outcome.
文章体裁：议论文
文章大意：父母对孩子的表扬过多过少都会带 来不好的后果，恰当的表扬应着重表扬孩子做 事过程中的努力而非结果。
每段大意：
1. 现在的父母表扬孩子过多，会带来负面的影 响，如孩子害怕尝试新事物或者害怕达不到父 母的高期待等。
2. 过少的表扬也是有害的，会让孩子觉得自己 不好，没有得到父母的关心或觉得自己的努力 没有意义。
care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
第一句给出观点，不要走另一个极端：表扬太少。第二句 提出作者观点，表扬太少有害。第三句作为第二句的解释
说明具体是怎样的害处。

自己的话表达：
care and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
3 So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that thequality of praise is more important than the quantity. If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can give it as often as your child does something that deserves a verbal reward. "We should especially recognize our children’s efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal, "says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What ReallyMatters. "One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that matters.

概要是一篇较长文章本质思想的简洁重述，它要求用尽量少的语言对原文的主旨进行复述。

概要不是简单的换句话说，更不是评论，而是作者思想中最基本部分的准确再现。

1 .理解准确，涵盖全部要点；2.能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇；3.完全使用自己的语言；4.有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使完成的概要结构紧凑。

概要写作的阅读材料词数一般为300左右。

写作要求考生在对原文阅读后根据其内容写出一篇约60词的内容概要。

概要所用语句既要用词准确，结构合理，语义连贯，不得抄写原文，又要能完全概括出文章的中心大意。

注意事项1.词数要限制在60词左右，上下不得超过10个单词。

2.要根据文章的体裁特点进行概要写作。

3.人称和时态要与所给文章中的人称和时态保持一致，但必要时也可变换成第三人称。

4.写作时尽可能地使用复合句，必要时可转换词性，不得完全照搬照抄原文。

英语概要写作的一般做题技巧1、整体把握全文为了更好的进行全文的一个概括以及更好的对全文的主旨有一定的把握，我们首先要做的一步就是要在整体上对文章有一个把握，从而可以更好的抽取有用的信息。

2、分出文章的主次、详略为了更好地找到文章的主次、详略之处，最重要的一点就是要学会阅读。

因此，在英语教学的过程中，英语老师要加强学生在阅读能力方面的培养，使其可以更好的分清文章主次详略要点。

3、整理大意，开始写作在进行了文章整体主旨把握，并对文章的主次详略要点进行了一定程度的分析后，在整理好文章的大致大意之后，就可以开始动笔写作了，这是最后也同样是最关键的一步。

因为，在最终成文的过程中，要特别注意对英语正确性的应用。

在写作时要特别注意下面几点：(1)概要应包括原文中的主要事实，略去不必要的细节。

(2)安排好篇幅的比例，概要应同原文保持协调，即用较多的文字写重要内容，用较少的文字写次要内容。

(3)注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。

常考应用文一书信/电子邮件1．技法点拨(1)题型特点及写作步骤邀请信是写信人对收信人的一种盛情邀约，一般分为正式和非正式两种。

正式邀请信属于事务信函，一般为邀请参加会议、学术活动等。

另一种属于个人信函，例如邀请某人观看展览、出席典礼、共进晚餐等。

①正式邀请信的写作步骤这类信函一般以会议或活动组委会名义来写，被邀请者通常为比较有威望的人士。

因此，措辞要正式，语气要热情有礼。

第一段：表明邀请对方参加的意图。

第二段：介绍活动的名称、时间、地点；表达对被邀请人水平和能力的推崇和赞赏，以及能为活动带来的良好影响；说明会议相关事宜，引起对方的兴趣。

第三段：表达希望对方能够参加的诚意，并请收信人对邀请作出反馈。

②普通邀请信的写作步骤这类信函的邀请对象一般是朋友、熟人，所以内容和格式都比较随意、轻松。

第一段：表明邀请意图。

第二段：说明活动的内容、时间、地点等。

在信中应强调非常希望对方能够参加或者出席的愿望。

第三段：期待回复。

(2)写作注意事项①分类、特点邀请信是人们日常生活、社会活动和外事活动中常用的应用文体，它分为正式和非正式两种。

正式邀请信的格式(包括信头、信内地址、客套语等)要齐全，正文内容应用书面语。

非正式邀请信通常只有日期，没有信内地址，语句也很随意，多为口头表达。

②主要内容邀请信的内容主要包括邀请原因、活动地点和时间等，其特点是简单、热情、给人一种真诚、亲切的感觉。

非正式邀请信一般是用来邀请亲戚、朋友等关系较为亲密的人出席某种社交活动，其格式与普通信件差不多。

③注意事项邀请信应使用第一人称，双方的名字都要写全名；内容包括邀请的原因、约定的地点和时间等，而且必须写清楚，切忌含糊不清；如果要求被邀请人给出答复，可在信的左下角或下面正中处写上R.S.V.P(意为“请回复”)；如果有特殊要求，也应当在信中注明。

(3)句式积累①段首常用语I am writing to invite you to ...I think it would be a great idea if you could participate in ...I wonder if you can come ...How would you like to join us in ...?②段尾常用语Would you please drop me a line to let me know if you can come to ...?My family and I would feel much honoured if you could come.We would be looking forward to your coming with great pleasure.I would like to meet you there and please let me know yourdecision soon.2．经典范文(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(paper-cutting)艺术展。

高考新题型之
概要写作
Summary
《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语 科考试说明》
概要写作：
提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文 写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。（满分25分）
词数少于40的和多余80的， 从总分中减去2分
What is a summary?
A summary is a short statement that gives only the main points of sth, not the details 《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
Having dinner with the whole family at the dinner table is important as it strengthens the bond between family members. Family dinners should include an important part―conversations that create a pleasant atmosphere. However, it’s often difficult to start a conversation at a family dinner. Moreover, many people make the mistake of raising controversial (有争议的) topics at dinnertime, causing one or more members, or the whole family to lose
Summary
•Miss Ye is a beautiful English teacher who is humorous and rich.

高考英语概要写作题的特点与提分技巧例析[名校内部资料]一、高考英语概要写作题的特点概要写作以语篇为载体，要求考生对所提供的文本进行简要的概括。

考生要在理解文章、把握文章中心意思的基础上，运用“阅读+写作”的语言技能对短文信息进行整合。

考查学生的阅读能力、分析能力、逻辑思维能力、理解判断能力及概括能力等。

概要写作题提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求学生基于该短文写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

考生基于原文用自己的话归纳文章所要表达的中心意思，涵盖短文全部要点，语言要简洁、精练。

#高考#二、概要写作题的高档评分标准解读要获得英语概要写作题的高分，知晓评分标准是前提条件。

高考英语概要写作题的评分分为五个档次。

一般而言，第三、四、五档次的标准对得高分具有较强的指导性。

在此，选登高分段的评分标准（第一、二档从略）。

.第五档（21—25分）——理解准确，涵盖全部要点。

——能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。

——有效使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。

——完全使用自己的语言。

（二）第四档（16—20分）——理解准确，涵盖绝大部分要点。

——所使用的语法结构和词汇可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达。

——比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。

——有个别整句抄自原文。

（三）第三档（11—15分）——理解较为准确，涵盖大部分要点。

——所使用的语法结构和词汇虽有些许错误，但不影响意义表达。

——使用简单的语句间的连接成分，使上下文内容连贯。

——两句以上抄自原文。

纵览以上三个档次的高分评分标准，就会看出，要拿概要写作题的高分，重点把握这四点：一是覆盖要点要全，即对原文要点的理解和呈现要到位；二是语法应用的准确性要高，即准确应用语法结构和词汇；三是上下文连贯，即有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，内容连贯，结构紧凑；四是语言表达具有独立性，即完全使用自己的语言，不抄原文。

真正做到这四点，就能达到概要写作高分段的评分要求，获得高分。