面向对象程序设计教程 答案
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第一章5:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){cout<<"This"<<"is";cout<<"a"<<"C++";cout<<"program."<<endl; return 0;}6:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;a=10;b=23;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b=";cout<<c;cout<<endl;return 0;}7:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;int f(int x,int y,int z); cin>>a>>b>>c;c=f(a,b,c);cout<<c<<endl;return 0;}int f(int x,int y,int z){int m;if (x<y) m=x;else m=y;if (z<m) m=z;return(m);}8: #include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="<<a+b<<endl; return 0;}9:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int add(int x,int y);int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=add(a,b);cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl; return 0;}int add(int x,int y){int c;c=x+y;return(c);}10:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void sort(int x,int y,int z);int x,y,z;cin>>x>>y>>z;sort(x,y,z);return 0;}void sort(int x, int y, int z){int temp;if (x>y) {temp=x;x=y;y=temp;} //{ }内3个语句的作用是将x和y的值互换) if (z<x) cout<<z<<','<<x<<','<<y<<endl;else if (z<y) cout<<x<<','<<z<<','<<y<<endl;else cout<<x<<','<<y<<','<<z<<endl;}11:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int max(int a,int b,int c=0);int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b>>c;cout<<"max(a,b,c)="<<max(a,b,c)<<endl;cout<<"max(a,b)="<<max(a,b)<<endl;return 0;}int max(int a,int b,int c){if(b>a) a=b;if(c>a) a=c;return a;}12:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void change(int ,int );int a,b;cin>>a>>b;if(a<b) change(a,b);cout<<"max="<<a<<" min="<<b<<endl;return 0;}void change(int ,int ){int r1,r2,temp;temp=r1;r1=r2;r2=temp;}13:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void sort(int &,int &,int &);int a,b,c,a1,b1,c1;cout<<"Please enter 3 integers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;a1=a;b1=b;c1=c;sort(a1,b1,c1);cout<<a<<" "<<b<<" "<<c<<" in sorted order is "; cout<<a1<<" "<<b1<<" "<<c1<<endl;return 0;}void sort(int &i,int &j,int &k){ void change(int &,int &);if (i>j) change(i,j);if (i>k) change(i,k);if (j>k) change(j,k);}void change(int &x,int &y){ int temp;temp=x;x=y;y=temp;}14:#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){ string s1="week",s2="end";cout<<"s1="<<s1<<endl;cout<<"s2="<<s2<<endl;s1=s1+s2;cout<<"The new string is:"<<s1<<endl;return 0;}15:#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){ string str;int i,n;char temp;cout<<"please input a string:";cin>>str;n=str.size();for(i=0;i<n/2;i++){temp=str[i];str[i]=str[n-i-1];str[n-i-1]=temp;}cout<<str<<endl;return 0;}16:#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){ int i;string str[5]={"BASIC","C","FORTRAN","C++","PASCAL"}; void sort(string []);sort(str);cout<<"the sorted strings :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<str[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;return 0;}void sort(string s[]){int i,j;string t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (s[i]>s[i+1]){t=s[i];s[i]=s[i+1];s[i+1]=t;}}17: #include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){long c[5]={10100,-123567, 1198783,-165654, 3456}; int a[5]={1,9,0,23,-45};float b[5]={2.4, 7.6, 5.5, 6.6, -2.3 };void sort(int []);void sort(float []);void sort(long []);sort(a);sort(b);sort(c);return 0;}void sort(int a[]){int i,j,t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (a[i]>a[i+1]){t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}void sort(long a[]){int i,j;long t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (a[i]>a[i+1]){t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}void sort(float a[]){int i,j;float t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (a[i]>a[i+1]){t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}18: #include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;template <typename T>void sort(T a[]){int i,j,min;T t;for(i=0;i<5;i++){min=i;for (j=i+1;j<5;j++)if(a[min]>a[j]) min=j;t=a[i]; a[i]=a[min]; a[min]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}int main(){ int a[5]={1,9,0,23,-45};float b[5]={2.4, 7.6, 5.5, 6.6, -2.3 };long c[5]={10100,-123567, 1198783,-165654, 3456}; sort(a);sort(b);sort(c);return 0;}第二章1#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time{public:void set_time();void show_time();private: //成员改为公用的int hour;int minute;int sec;};void Time::set_time() //在main函数之前定义{cin>>hour;cin>>minute;cin>>sec;}void Time::show_time() //在main函数之前定义{cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}int main(){Time t1;t1.set_time();t1.show_time();return 0;}2:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time{public:void set_time(void){cin>>hour;cin>>minute;cin>>sec;}void show_time(void){cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}private: int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time t;int main(){t.set_time();t.show_time();return 0;}3:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time{public:void set_time(void);void show_time(void);private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};void Time::set_time(void){cin>>hour;cin>>minute;cin>>sec;}void Time::show_time(void){cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}Time t;int main(){ t.set_time();t.show_time();return 0;}4://xt2-4-1.cpp(main.cpp)#include <iostream>using namespace std;#include "xt2-4.h"int main(){Student stud;stud.set_value();stud.display();return 0;}//xt2-4-2.cpp(即student.cpp)#include "xt2-4.h" //在此文件中进行函数的定义#include <iostream>using namespace std; //不要漏写此行void Student::display( ){ cout<<"num:"<<num<<endl;cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;}void Student::set_value(){ cin>>num;cin>>name;cin>>sex;}5://xt2-5-1.cpp(file1.cpp)#include <iostream>#include "xt2-5.h"int main(){Array_max arrmax;arrmax.set_value();arrmax.max_value();arrmax.show_value();return 0;}//xt2-5-2.cpp(arraymax.cpp)#include <iostream>using namespace std;#include "xt2-5.h"void Array_max::set_value(){ int i;for (i=0;i<10;i++)cin>>array[i];}void Array_max::max_value(){int i;max=array[0];for (i=1;i<10;i++)if(array[i]>max) max=array[i];}void Array_max::show_value(){cout<<"max="<<max<<endl;}6:解法一#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Box{public:void get_value();float volume();void display();public:float lengh;float width;float height;};void Box::get_value(){ cout<<"please input lengh, width,height:";cin>>lengh;cin>>width;cin>>height;}float Box::volume(){ return(lengh*width*height);}void Box::display(){ cout<<volume()<<endl;}int main(){Box box1,box2,box3;box1.get_value();cout<<"volmue of bax1 is ";box1.display();box2.get_value();cout<<"volmue of bax2 is ";box2.display();box3.get_value();cout<<"volmue of bax3 is ";box3.display();return 0;}解法二:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Box{public:void get_value();void volume();void display();public:float lengh;float width;float height;float vol;};void Box::get_value(){ cout<<"please input lengh, width,height:";cin>>lengh;cin>>width;cin>>height;}void Box::volume(){ vol=lengh*width*height;}void Box::display(){ cout<<vol<<endl;}int main(){Box box1,box2,box3;box1.get_value();box1.volume();cout<<"volmue of bax1 is ";box1.display();box2.get_value();box2.volume();cout<<"volmue of bax2 is ";box2.display();box3.get_value();box3.volume();cout<<"volmue of bax3 is ";box3.display();return 0;}第三章2:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);Date(int,int);Date(int);Date();void display();private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y) { }Date::Date(int m,int d):month(m),day(d){year=2005;}Date::Date(int m):month(m){day=1;year=2005;}Date::Date(){month=1;day=1;year=2005;}void Date::display(){cout<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<<endl;}int main(){Date d1(10,13,2005);Date d2(12,30);Date d3(10);Date d4;d1.display();d2.display();d3.display();d4.display();return 0;}3:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Date{public:Date(int=1,int=1,int=2005);void display();private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y) { }void Date::display(){cout<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<<endl;}int main(){Date d1(10,13,2005);Date d2(12,30);Date d3(10);Date d4;d1.display();d2.display();d3.display();d4.display();return 0;}4:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void display();private:int num;float score;};void Student::display(){cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}int main(){Student stud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5), Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};Student *p=stud;for(int i=0;i<=2;p=p+2,i++)p->display();return 0;}5:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}int num;float score;};void main(){Student stud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5), Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};void max(Student* );Student *p=&stud[0];max(p);}void max(Student *arr){float max_score=arr[0].score;int k=0;for(int i=1;i<5;i++)if(arr[i].score>max_score) {max_score=arr[i].score;k=i;} cout<<arr[k].num<<" "<<max_score<<endl;}6:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display(){cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){Student stud(101,78.5);stud.display();stud.change(101,80.5);stud.display();return 0;}7: 解法一#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}//可改为:void display() const {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){const Studentstud(101,78.5);stud.display();//stud.change(101,80.5);stud.display();return 0;}解法二:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) const {num=n;score=s;}void display() const {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}private:mutable int num;mutable float score;};int main(){const Student stud(101,78.5);stud.display();stud.change(101,80.5);stud.display();return 0;}解法三:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){Student stud(101,78.5);Student *p=&stud;p->display();p->change(101,80.5);p->display();return 0;}8:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){Student stud(101,78.5);void fun(Student&);fun(stud);return 0;}void fun(Student &stu){stu.display();stu.change(101,80.5);stu.display();}9:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Product{public:Product(int n,int q,float p):num(n),quantity(q),price(p){};void total();static float average();static void display();private:int num;int quantity;float price;static float discount;static float sum;static int n;};void Product::total(){float rate=1.0;if(quantity>10) rate=0.98*rate;sum=sum+quantity*price*rate*(1-discount);n=n+quantity;}void Product::display(){cout<<sum<<endl;cout<<average()<<endl;}float Product::average(){return(sum/n);}float Product::discount=0.05;float Product::sum=0;int Product::n=0;int main(){Product Prod[3]={Product(101,5,23.5),Product(102,12,24.56),Product(103,100,21.5) };for(int i=0;i<3;i++)Prod[i].total();Product::display();return 0;}10:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Date;class Time{public:Time(int,int,int);friend void display(const Date &,const Time &);private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time::Time(int h,int m,int s){hour=h;minute=m;sec=s;}class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);friend void display(const Date &,const Time &);private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y){month=m;day=d;year=y;}void display(const Date &d,const Time &t){cout<<d.month<<"/"<<d.day<<"/"<<d.year<<endl; cout<<t.hour<<":"<<t.minute<<":"<<t.sec<<endl;}int main(){Time t1(10,13,56);Date d1(12,25,2004);display(d1,t1);return 0;}11:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time;class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);friend Time;private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y){ }class Time{public:Time(int,int,int);void display(const Date &);private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time::Time(int h,int m,int s):hour(h),minute(m),sec(s){ }void Time::display(const Date &d){cout<<d.month<<"/"<<d.day<<"/"<<d.year<<endl;cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}int main(){Time t1(10,13,56);Date d1(12,25,2004);t1.display(d1);return 0;}12:#include <iostream>using namespace std;template<class numtype>class Compare{public:Compare(numtype a,numtype b);numtype max();numtype min();private:numtype x,y;};template <class numtype>Compare<numtype>::Compare(numtype a,numtype b){x=a;y=b;}template <class numtype>numtype Compare<numtype>::max(){return (x>y)?x:y;}template <class numtype>numtype Compare<numtype>::min(){return (x<y)?x:y;}int main(){Compare<int> cmp1(3,7);cout<<cmp1.max()<<" is the Maximum of two integer numbers."<<endl;cout<<cmp1.min()<<" is the Minimum of two integer numbers."<<endl<<endl; Compare<float> cmp2(45.78,93.6);cout<<cmp2.max()<<" is the Maximum of two float numbers."<<endl;cout<<cmp2.min()<<" is the Minimum of two float numbers."<<endl<<endl;Compare<char> cmp3('a','A');cout<<cmp3.max()<<" is the Maximum of two characters."<<endl;cout<<cmp3.min()<<" is the Minimum of two characters."<<endl;return 0;}第四章1:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}double get_real();double get_imag();void display();private:double real;double imag;};double Complex::get_real(){return real;}double Complex::get_imag(){return imag;}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complex operator + (Complex &c1,Complex &c2){return Complex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag()); }int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c3=";c3.display();return 0;2:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}Complex operator+(Complex &c2);Complex operator-(Complex &c2);Complex operator*(Complex &c2);Complex operator/(Complex &c2);void display();private:double real;double imag;};Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=real+c2.real;c.imag=imag+c2.imag;return c;}Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=real-c2.real;c.imag=imag-c2.imag;return c;}Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;return c;}Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag); return c;}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();return 0;}3:#include <iostream> //用VC++时改为∶#include <iostream.h> using namespace std; //用VC++时为取消此行class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}Complex operator+(Complex &c2);Complex operator+(int &i);friend Complex operator+(int&,Complex &);void display();private:double real;double imag;};Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c){return Complex(real+c.real,imag+c.imag);}Complex Complex::operator+(int &i){return Complex(real+i,imag);}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complex operator+(int &i,Complex &c){return Complex(i+c.real,c.imag);}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;int i=5;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=i+c1;cout<<"i+c1=";c3.display();c3=c1+i;cout<<"c1+i=";c3.display();return 0;}4:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Matrix //定义Matrix类{public:Matrix(); //默认构造函数friend Matrix operator+(Matrix &,Matrix &); //重载运算符“+”void input(); //输入数据函数void display(); //输出数据函数private:int mat[2][3];};Matrix::Matrix() //定义构造函数{for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)mat[i][j]=0;}Matrix operator+(Matrix &a,Matrix &b) //定义重载运算符“+”函数{Matrix c;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}return c;}void Matrix::input() //定义输入数据函数{cout<<"input value of matrix:"<<endl;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)cin>>mat[i][j];}void Matrix::display() //定义输出数据函数{for (int i=0;i<2;i++){for(int j=0;j<3;j++){cout<<mat[i][j]<<" ";}cout<<endl;}}int main(){Matrix a,b,c;a.input();b.input();cout<<endl<<"Matrix a:"<<endl;a.display();cout<<endl<<"Matrix b:"<<endl;b.display();c=a+b; //用重载运算符“+”实现两个矩阵相加cout<<endl<<"Matrix c = Matrix a + Matrix b :"<<endl;c.display();return 0;}5:#include <iostream.h>//using namespace std;class Matrix{public:Matrix();friend Matrix operator+(Matrix &,Matrix &);friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,Matrix&);friend istream& operator>>(istream&,Matrix&);private:int mat[2][3];};Matrix::Matrix(){for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)mat[i][j]=0;}Matrix operator+(Matrix &a,Matrix &b){Matrix c;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}return c;}istream& operator>>(istream &in,Matrix &m){cout<<"input value of matrix:"<<endl;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)in>>m.mat[i][j];return in;}ostream& operator<<(ostream &out,Matrix &m){for (int i=0;i<2;i++){for(int j=0;j<3;j++){out<<m.mat[i][j]<<" ";}out<<endl;}return out;}int main(){ Matrix a,b,c;cin>>a;cin>>b;cout<<endl<<"Matrix a:"<<endl<<a<<endl;cout<<endl<<"Matrix b:"<<endl<<b<<endl;c=a+b;cout<<endl<<"Matrix c = Matrix a + Matrix b :"<<endl<<c<<endl; return 0;}6:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r){real=r;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}operator double(){return real;}void display();private:double real;double imag;};void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<", "<<imag<<")"<<endl;}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2;double d1;d1=2.5+c1;cout<<"d1="<<d1<<endl;c2=Complex(d1);cout<<"c2=";c2.display();return 0;}7:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int,char[],char,float);int get_num(){return num;}char * get_name(){return name;}char get_sex(){return sex;}void display(){cout<<"num:"<<num<<"\nname:"<<name<<"\nsex:"<<sex<<"\nscore:"<<score<<"\n\n";} private:int num;char name[20];char sex;float score;};Student::Student(int n,char nam[],char s,float so){num=n;strcpy(name,nam);sex=s;score=so;}class Teacher{public:Teacher(){}Teacher(Student&);Teacher(int n,char nam[],char sex,float pay);void display();private:int num;char name[20];char sex;float pay;};Teacher::Teacher(int n,char nam[],char s,float p){num=n;strcpy(name,nam);sex=s;pay=p;}Teacher::Teacher(Student& stud){num=stud.get_num();strcpy(name,stud.get_name());sex=stud.get_sex();pay=1500;}void Teacher::display(){cout<<"num:"<<num<<"\nname:"<<name<<"\nsex:"<<sex<<"\npay:"<<pay<<"\n\n";}int main(){Teacher teacher1(10001,"Li",'f',1234.5),teacher2;Student student1(20010,"Wang",'m',89.5);cout<<"student1:"<<endl;student1.display();teacher2=Teacher(student1);cout<<"teacher2:"<<endl;teacher2.display();return 0;}第五章1:。
第1章类和对象一、选择题8 C 9A 10 C二、阅读题1.x=2,y=32.x=2,y=3x!=y3.Cstatic::va1=0=1=2=4=4四、改错题#include <>#include <>class person{public:person(int n,char* nam,char s) {num=n;strcpy(name,nam);sex=s;cout<<"Constructor called."<<endl;}~person( ){cout<<"Destructor called."<<endl;}void display( ){cout<<"num: "<<num<<endl;cout<<"name: "<<name<<endl;cout<<"sex: "<<sex<<endl<<endl;}private:int num;char name[10];char sex;};int main( ){person s1(10010,"'Wang_li",'f');( );person s2(10011,"Zhang_fun",'m');( );return 0;}五、编程题5.1#include <iostream>using namespace std;class CBox{public :CBox(double l=0,double w=0,double h=0);double area();double volume ();private :double lengh;double width;double high;};CBox::CBox(double l,double w,double h){lengh=l;width=w;high=h;}double CBox::area(){return 2*(lengh*width+lengh*high+width*high); }double CBox::volume (){return lengh*width*high;}void main(){CBox box1(4,5,6);cout<<()<<endl;cout<<()<<endl;}#include <iostream>using namespace std;class CPoint{public :CPoint(double a=0,double b=0){x=a;y=b;}CPoint(CPoint & p){x=;y=;}void print(){cout<<"("<<x<<","<<y<<")";}private :double x,y;};class CLine{public:CLine(double x1=0,double y1=0,double x2=0,double y2=0):p1(x1,y1),p2(x2,y2) {}CLine(CPoint x,CPoint y):p1(x),p2(y){}CLine(CLine &lin){p1=;p2=;}void DrawLine(){cout<<"Line form";();cout<<"to";();cout<<endl;}void Linedel(){cout<<"delete line"<<endl;}void move(CPoint &x,CPoint &y){cout<<"move line"<<endl;p1=x;p2=y;}private :CPoint p1,p2;};void main(){CPoint point1(1,5),point2(5,8),point3(20,30),point4(40,50);CLine line1(point1,point2);CLine line2(2,3,8,12);();();(point3,point4);();line2=line1;();();}#include <iostream>using namespace std;class CComplex{public:CComplex(double, double);CComplex(CComplex &c); <<endl;}char CString::GetAt(int nindex) const{if(nindex>1&&nindex<=GetLength()+1)return s[ nindex-1];elsereturn '0';}void CString::Setat(int nindex,char ch){if(nindex>1&&nindex<=GetLength()+1)s[ nindex-1]=ch;}void CString::Print(){cout<<s<<endl;}int CString::compare(CString& string){if(strcmp(s,>0)return 1;else if(strcmp(s,<0)return -1;elsereturn 0;}int CString::compare(const char* psz)const {if(strcmp(s,psz)>0)return 1;else if(strcmp(s,psz)<0)return -1;else return 0;}CString::~CString(){<<endl;elsecout<<"String isn't empty."<<endl;cout<<"下面是判断字符串c1清空"<<endl;();cout<<"清空后输出字符串c1:"<<" \n";();cout<<"字符串已被清空"<<endl;cout<<"请按任意键继续"<<endl;cin>>b;D一、阅读程序题四、编程题#include <>#include<>#define PAIclass Circle{public:Circle(){r=0;}Circle (double d){r=d;}double area(){return(PAI*r*r);}void display1(){cout<<"桌子的面积:"<<area()<<endl;}private:double r;};class Table{public:Table(){heig=0;}Table (double h) {heig=h;}void display2(){cout<<"桌子的高度:"<<heig<<endl;}private:double heig;};class Roundtable : public Circle,public Table{public:Roundtable(){strcpy(color,"白色");}Roundtable(double a,double b,char* c):Circle(a),Table(b){strcpy(color,c);}void display (){ display1();display2();cout<<"桌子的颜色:"<<color<<endl; }private:char color[20];};void main(){Roundtable s,,"黑色");();}如果Age在基类中被定义为私有的,SetAge(int n)不能直接给Age赋值,如果Age是基类的公有成员变量,则可以直接赋值。
第一章5:#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){cout<<"This"<<"is"; cout<<"a"<<"C++";cout<<"program."<<endl; return 0;}6:#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;a=10;b=23;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b=";cout<<c;cout<<endl;return 0;}7:#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;int f(int x,int y,int z); cin>>a>>b>>c;c=f(a,b,c);cout<<c<<endl;return 0;}int f(int x,int y,int z){int m;else m=y;if (z<m) m=z;return(m);}8: #include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="<<a+b<<endl; return 0;}9:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int add(int x,int y);int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=add(a,b);cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl; return 0;}int add(int x,int y){int c;c=x+y;return(c);}10:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void sort(int x,int y,int z); int x,y,z;cin>>x>>y>>z;return 0;}void sort(int x, int y, int z){int temp;if (x>y) {temp=x;x=y;y=temp;} //{ }内3个语句的作用是将x和y的值互换) if (z<x) cout<<z<<','<<x<<','<<y<<endl;else if (z<y) cout<<x<<','<<z<<','<<y<<endl;else cout<<x<<','<<y<<','<<z<<endl;}11:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int max(int a,int b,int c=0);int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b>>c;cout<<"max(a,b,c)="<<max(a,b,c)<<endl;cout<<"max(a,b)="<<max(a,b)<<endl;return 0;}int max(int a,int b,int c){if(b>a) a=b;if(c>a) a=c;return a;}12:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void change(int ,int );int a,b;cin>>a>>b;if(a<b) change(a,b);cout<<"max="<<a<<" min="<<b<<endl;return 0;}void change(int ,int ){int r1,r2,temp;temp=r1;r1=r2;r2=temp;}13:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void sort(int &,int &,int &);int a,b,c,a1,b1,c1;cout<<"Please enter 3 integers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;a1=a;b1=b;c1=c;sort(a1,b1,c1);cout<<a<<" "<<b<<" "<<c<<" in sorted order is "; cout<<a1<<" "<<b1<<" "<<c1<<endl;return 0;}void sort(int &i,int &j,int &k){ void change(int &,int &);if (i>j) change(i,j);if (i>k) change(i,k);if (j>k) change(j,k);}void change(int &x,int &y){ int temp;temp=x;x=y;y=temp;}14:#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){ string s1="week",s2="end";cout<<"s1="<<s1<<endl;cout<<"s2="<<s2<<endl;s1=s1+s2;cout<<"The new string is:"<<s1<<endl;return 0;}15:#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){ string str;int i,n;char temp;cout<<"please input a string:";cin>>str;n=str.size();for(i=0;i<n/2;i++){temp=str[i];str[i]=str[n-i-1];str[n-i-1]=temp;}cout<<str<<endl;return 0;}16:#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){ int i;string str[5]={"BASIC","C","FORTRAN","C++","PASCAL"}; void sort(string []);sort(str);cout<<"the sorted strings :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<str[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;return 0;}void sort(string s[]){int i,j;string t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (s[i]>s[i+1]){t=s[i];s[i]=s[i+1];s[i+1]=t;}}17: #include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;int main(){long c[5]={10100,-123567, 1198783,-165654, 3456}; int a[5]={1,9,0,23,-45};float b[5]={2.4, 7.6, 5.5, 6.6, -2.3 };void sort(int []);void sort(float []);void sort(long []);sort(a);sort(b);sort(c);return 0;}void sort(int a[]){int i,j,t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (a[i]>a[i+1]){t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}void sort(long a[]){int i,j;long t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (a[i]>a[i+1]){t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}void sort(float a[]){int i,j;float t;for (j=0;j<5;j++)for(i=0;i<5-j;i++)if (a[i]>a[i+1]){t=a[i];a[i]=a[i+1];a[i+1]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}18: #include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;template <typename T>void sort(T a[]){int i,j,min;T t;for(i=0;i<5;i++){min=i;for (j=i+1;j<5;j++)if(a[min]>a[j]) min=j;t=a[i]; a[i]=a[min]; a[min]=t;}cout<<"the sorted numbers :"<<endl;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl<<endl;}int main(){ int a[5]={1,9,0,23,-45};float b[5]={2.4, 7.6, 5.5, 6.6, -2.3 };long c[5]={10100,-123567, 1198783,-165654, 3456}; sort(a);sort(b);sort(c);return 0;}第二章1#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time{public:void set_time();void show_time();private: //成员改为公用的int hour;int minute;int sec;};void Time::set_time() //在main函数之前定义{cin>>hour;cin>>minute;cin>>sec;}void Time::show_time() //在main函数之前定义{cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}int main(){Time t1;t1.set_time();t1.show_time();return 0;}2:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time{public:void set_time(void){cin>>hour;cin>>minute;cin>>sec;void show_time(void){cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}private: int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time t;int main(){t.set_time();t.show_time();return 0;}3:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time{public:void set_time(void);void show_time(void);private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};void Time::set_time(void){cin>>hour;cin>>minute;cin>>sec;}void Time::show_time(void){cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}Time t;int main(){ t.set_time();t.show_time();return 0;}//xt2-4-1.cpp(main.cpp)#include <iostream>using namespace std;#include "xt2-4.h"int main(){Student stud;stud.set_value();stud.display();return 0;}//xt2-4-2.cpp(即student.cpp)#include "xt2-4.h" //在此文件中进行函数的定义#include <iostream>using namespace std; //不要漏写此行void Student::display( ){ cout<<"num:"<<num<<endl;cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;}void Student::set_value(){ cin>>num;cin>>name;cin>>sex;}5://xt2-5-1.cpp(file1.cpp)#include <iostream>#include "xt2-5.h"int main(){Array_max arrmax;arrmax.set_value();arrmax.max_value();arrmax.show_value();return 0;}//xt2-5-2.cpp(arraymax.cpp)#include <iostream>using namespace std;#include "xt2-5.h"void Array_max::set_value()for (i=0;i<10;i++)cin>>array[i];}void Array_max::max_value(){int i;max=array[0];for (i=1;i<10;i++)if(array[i]>max) max=array[i];}void Array_max::show_value(){cout<<"max="<<max<<endl;}6:解法一#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Box{public:void get_value();float volume();void display();public:float lengh;float width;float height;};void Box::get_value(){ cout<<"please input lengh, width,height:"; cin>>lengh;cin>>width;cin>>height;}float Box::volume(){ return(lengh*width*height);}void Box::display(){ cout<<volume()<<endl;}{Box box1,box2,box3;box1.get_value();cout<<"volmue of bax1 is ";box1.display();box2.get_value();cout<<"volmue of bax2 is ";box2.display();box3.get_value();cout<<"volmue of bax3 is ";box3.display();return 0;}解法二:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Box{public:void get_value();void volume();void display();public:float lengh;float width;float height;float vol;};void Box::get_value(){ cout<<"please input lengh, width,height:"; cin>>lengh;cin>>width;cin>>height;}void Box::volume(){ vol=lengh*width*height;}void Box::display(){ cout<<vol<<endl;}int main(){Box box1,box2,box3;box1.get_value();box1.volume();cout<<"volmue of bax1 is ";box1.display();box2.get_value();box2.volume();cout<<"volmue of bax2 is ";box2.display();box3.get_value();box3.volume();cout<<"volmue of bax3 is ";box3.display();return 0;}第三章2:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);Date(int,int);Date(int);Date();void display();private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y) { }Date::Date(int m,int d):month(m),day(d){year=2005;}Date::Date(int m):month(m){day=1;year=2005;}{month=1;day=1;year=2005;}void Date::display(){cout<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<<endl;}int main(){Date d1(10,13,2005);Date d2(12,30);Date d3(10);Date d4;d1.display();d2.display();d3.display();d4.display();return 0;}3:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Date{public:Date(int=1,int=1,int=2005);void display();private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y) { }void Date::display(){cout<<month<<"/"<<day<<"/"<<year<<endl;}int main(){Date d1(10,13,2005);Date d2(12,30);Date d4;d1.display();d2.display();d3.display();d4.display();return 0;}4:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void display();private:int num;float score;};void Student::display(){cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}int main(){Student stud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5), Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};Student *p=stud;for(int i=0;i<=2;p=p+2,i++)p->display();return 0;}5:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}int num;float score;};void main(){Student stud[5]={Student(101,78.5),Student(102,85.5),Student(103,98.5), Student(104,100.0),Student(105,95.5)};void max(Student* );Student *p=&stud[0];max(p);}void max(Student *arr){float max_score=arr[0].score;int k=0;for(int i=1;i<5;i++)if(arr[i].score>max_score) {max_score=arr[i].score;k=i;} cout<<arr[k].num<<" "<<max_score<<endl;}6:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display(){cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){Student stud(101,78.5);stud.display();stud.change(101,80.5);stud.display();return 0;}7: 解法一#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}//可改为:void display() const {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){const Studentstud(101,78.5);stud.display();//stud.change(101,80.5);stud.display();return 0;}解法二:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) const {num=n;score=s;}void display() const {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}private:mutable int num;mutable float score;};int main(){const Student stud(101,78.5);stud.display();stud.change(101,80.5);stud.display();return 0;}解法三:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){Student stud(101,78.5);Student *p=&stud;p->display();p->change(101,80.5);p->display();return 0;}8:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;} private:int num;float score;};int main(){Student stud(101,78.5);void fun(Student&);fun(stud);return 0;}void fun(Student &stu){stu.display();stu.change(101,80.5);stu.display();}9:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Product{public:Product(int n,int q,float p):num(n),quantity(q),price(p){};void total();static float average();static void display();private:int num;int quantity;float price;static float discount;static float sum;static int n;};void Product::total(){float rate=1.0;if(quantity>10) rate=0.98*rate;sum=sum+quantity*price*rate*(1-discount);n=n+quantity;}void Product::display(){cout<<sum<<endl;cout<<average()<<endl;}float Product::average(){return(sum/n);}float Product::discount=0.05;float Product::sum=0;int Product::n=0;int main(){Product Prod[3]={Product(101,5,23.5),Product(102,12,24.56),Product(103,100,21.5) };for(int i=0;i<3;i++)Prod[i].total();Product::display();return 0;}10:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Date;class Time{public:Time(int,int,int);friend void display(const Date &,const Time &); private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time::Time(int h,int m,int s){hour=h;minute=m;sec=s;}class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);friend void display(const Date &,const Time &); private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y){month=m;day=d;year=y;}void display(const Date &d,const Time &t){cout<<d.month<<"/"<<d.day<<"/"<<d.year<<endl; cout<<t.hour<<":"<<t.minute<<":"<<t.sec<<endl;}int main(){Time t1(10,13,56);Date d1(12,25,2004);display(d1,t1);return 0;}11:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time;class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);friend Time;private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y){ }class Time{public:Time(int,int,int);void display(const Date &);private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time::Time(int h,int m,int s):hour(h),minute(m),sec(s){ }void Time::display(const Date &d){cout<<d.month<<"/"<<d.day<<"/"<<d.year<<endl;cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}int main(){Time t1(10,13,56);Date d1(12,25,2004);t1.display(d1);return 0;}12:#include <iostream>using namespace std;template<class numtype>class Compare{public:Compare(numtype a,numtype b);numtype max();numtype min();private:numtype x,y;};template <class numtype>Compare<numtype>::Compare(numtype a,numtype b){x=a;y=b;}template <class numtype>numtype Compare<numtype>::max(){return (x>y)?x:y;}template <class numtype>numtype Compare<numtype>::min(){return (x<y)?x:y;}int main(){Compare<int> cmp1(3,7);cout<<cmp1.max()<<" is the Maximum of two integer numbers."<<endl;cout<<cmp1.min()<<" is the Minimum of two integer numbers."<<endl<<endl; Compare<float> cmp2(45.78,93.6);cout<<cmp2.max()<<" is the Maximum of two float numbers."<<endl;cout<<cmp2.min()<<" is the Minimum of two float numbers."<<endl<<endl; Compare<char> cmp3('a','A');cout<<cmp3.max()<<" is the Maximum of two characters."<<endl;cout<<cmp3.min()<<" is the Minimum of two characters."<<endl;return 0;}第四章1:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}double get_real();double get_imag();void display();private:double real;double imag;};double Complex::get_real(){return real;}double Complex::get_imag(){return imag;}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complex operator + (Complex &c1,Complex &c2){return Complex(c1.get_real()+c2.get_real(),c1.get_imag()+c2.get_imag()); }int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c3=";c3.display();return 0;}2:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}Complex operator+(Complex &c2);Complex operator-(Complex &c2);Complex operator*(Complex &c2);Complex operator/(Complex &c2);void display();private:double real;double imag;};Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=real+c2.real;c.imag=imag+c2.imag;return c;}Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=real-c2.real;c.imag=imag-c2.imag;return c;}Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;c.imag=imag*c2.real+real*c2.imag;return c;}Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2){Complex c;c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag); return c;}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";c3.display();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";c3.display();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";c3.display();return 0;}3:#include <iostream> //用VC++时改为∶#include <iostream.h> using namespace std; //用VC++时为取消此行class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}Complex operator+(Complex &c2);Complex operator+(int &i);friend Complex operator+(int&,Complex &);void display();private:double real;double imag;};Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c){return Complex(real+c.real,imag+c.imag);}Complex Complex::operator+(int &i){return Complex(real+i,imag);}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;}Complex operator+(int &i,Complex &c){return Complex(i+c.real,c.imag);}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";c3.display();c3=i+c1;cout<<"i+c1=";c3.display();c3=c1+i;cout<<"c1+i=";c3.display();return 0;}4:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Matrix //定义Matrix类{public:Matrix(); //默认构造函数friend Matrix operator+(Matrix &,Matrix &); //重载运算符“+”void input(); //输入数据函数void display(); //输出数据函数private:int mat[2][3];};Matrix::Matrix() //定义构造函数{for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)mat[i][j]=0;}Matrix operator+(Matrix &a,Matrix &b) //定义重载运算符“+”函数{Matrix c;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}return c;}void Matrix::input() //定义输入数据函数{cout<<"input value of matrix:"<<endl;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)cin>>mat[i][j];}void Matrix::display() //定义输出数据函数{for (int i=0;i<2;i++){for(int j=0;j<3;j++){cout<<mat[i][j]<<" ";}cout<<endl;}}int main(){Matrix a,b,c;a.input();b.input();cout<<endl<<"Matrix a:"<<endl;a.display();cout<<endl<<"Matrix b:"<<endl;b.display();c=a+b; //用重载运算符“+”实现两个矩阵相加cout<<endl<<"Matrix c = Matrix a + Matrix b :"<<endl;c.display();return 0;}5:#include <iostream.h>//using namespace std;class Matrix{public:Matrix();friend Matrix operator+(Matrix &,Matrix &);friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&,Matrix&);friend istream& operator>>(istream&,Matrix&);private:int mat[2][3];};Matrix::Matrix(){for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)mat[i][j]=0;}Matrix operator+(Matrix &a,Matrix &b){Matrix c;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++){c.mat[i][j]=a.mat[i][j]+b.mat[i][j];}return c;}istream& operator>>(istream &in,Matrix &m){cout<<"input value of matrix:"<<endl;for(int i=0;i<2;i++)for(int j=0;j<3;j++)in>>m.mat[i][j];return in;}ostream& operator<<(ostream &out,Matrix &m){for (int i=0;i<2;i++){for(int j=0;j<3;j++){out<<m.mat[i][j]<<" ";}out<<endl;}return out;}int main(){ Matrix a,b,c;cin>>a;cin>>b;cout<<endl<<"Matrix a:"<<endl<<a<<endl;cout<<endl<<"Matrix b:"<<endl<<b<<endl;c=a+b;cout<<endl<<"Matrix c = Matrix a + Matrix b :"<<endl<<c<<endl; return 0;}6:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r){real=r;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}operator double(){return real;}void display();private:double real;double imag;};void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<", "<<imag<<")"<<endl;}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2;double d1;d1=2.5+c1;cout<<"d1="<<d1<<endl;c2=Complex(d1);cout<<"c2=";c2.display();return 0;}7:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int,char[],char,float);int get_num(){return num;}char * get_name(){return name;}char get_sex(){return sex;}void display(){cout<<"num:"<<num<<"\nname:"<<name<<"\nsex:"<<sex<<"\nscore:"<<score<<"\n\n";} private:int num;char name[20];char sex;float score;};Student::Student(int n,char nam[],char s,float so){num=n;strcpy(name,nam);sex=s;score=so;}class Teacher{public:Teacher(){}Teacher(Student&);Teacher(int n,char nam[],char sex,float pay);void display();private:int num;char name[20];char sex;float pay;};Teacher::Teacher(int n,char nam[],char s,float p){num=n;strcpy(name,nam);sex=s;pay=p;}Teacher::Teacher(Student& stud){num=stud.get_num();strcpy(name,stud.get_name());sex=stud.get_sex();pay=1500;}void Teacher::display(){cout<<"num:"<<num<<"\nname:"<<name<<"\nsex:"<<sex<<"\npay:"<<pay<<"\n\n";}int main(){Teacher teacher1(10001,"Li",'f',1234.5),teacher2;Student student1(20010,"Wang",'m',89.5);cout<<"student1:"<<endl;student1.display();teacher2=Teacher(student1);cout<<"teacher2:"<<endl;teacher2.display();return 0;}第五章1:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student。
第一章1.public class BegintoLearn{public static void main(String args[]) {System.out.println("I’d like to study Java ! ");}}2.public class TraStar{public static void main(String args[]) {System.out.println("*");System.out.println("* *");System.out.println("* * *");System.out.println("* * * *");System.out.println("* * * * *");}}第二章1.public class ProNum{public static void main(String args[]) {float p;long q;int m=10,n=5;System.out.println("m="+m+" n="+n);m=m+3;n=n+5;System.out.println("m="+m+" n="+n);p=(float)(m+n)/2;System.out.println("p="+p);q=(m*m*n*n);System.out.println("q="+q);}}2.class SphereClass {public static void main(String args[]) {int r=3;double v;v=3.14*r*r*r*4/3;System.out.println("V="+v)}}第三章1. import java.io.*;public class InNum{public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{ int num1,num2;String str;BufferedReader buf;buf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.print("Input first integer:");str=buf.readLine();num1=Integer.parseInt(str);System.out.print("Input second integer:");str=buf.readLine();num2=Integer.parseInt(str);System.out.println("The sum is "+(num1+num2));}}2.import java.io.*;public class Grade{public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{ int score;char ch;String str;BufferedReader buf;buf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.print("Input the score(0-100):");str=buf.readLine();score=Integer.parseInt(str);if (score>=90)ch='A';else if (score>=75)ch='B';else if (score>=60)ch='C';elsech='D';System.out.print("The Grade is "+ch);}}3.public class ShuLie{public static void main(String args[]){int a ,q ,n;q=(150-135)/5;a=(135-20*q)/5;for (n=0;n<10;n++)System.out.print((a+n*q)+" ");}}4.public class Pyramid{public static void main(String args[]){int i,j,k;for(i=0;i<=4;i++){for ( j=0;j<20-i;j++)System.out.print(" ");for (k=0;k<=2*i;k++)if (k<=i)System.out.print(" "+(2*k+1));elseSystem.out.print(" "+(2*(2*i-k)+1));System.out.println();}}}5.import java.io.*;public class PrimeNumber{public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{ int n=0;int m;String str;boolean mark=false;BufferedReader buf;buf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.print("Input the m:");str=buf.readLine();m=Integer.parseInt(str);for(int i=3;i<=m;i+=2){for(int j=2;j<i;j++){if(i%j==0){mark=true;break;}}if (!mark){System.out.print(" "+i);n++; //outputanewlineif(n%10==0) //after10numbersSystem.out.println();}mark=false;}System.out.println();}}6.import java.io.*;public class Factor12{public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{ int m;String str;BufferedReader buf;buf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.print("Input the m:");str=buf.readLine();m=Integer.parseInt(str);System.out.print(m+"\'s factors are: ");System.out.println( );for(int i=1;i<=m;i++)if (m%i==0)System.out.print(" "+i);}}7.public class MSteel{public static void main(String args[]){int d=0;float m=2000;while (m>=5) {m=m/2;d++;System.out.print(d+": ");System.out.println(m);}System.out.print("You need "+d+" days");}}8.public class AlmostPi{public static void main(String args[]){int n;long m;double s,t;n=1;m=0;s=0;do{t=(double)n/(2*m+1);m++;n=-n;s=s+t;} while (4*s-3.14159> 0.0000001 || 4*s-3.14159< -0.0000001);System.out.println(m);}}9.public class LSRnd{public static void main(String args[]){int mun,n,max1,min1;max1=0;min1=100;for (n=1;n<=10;n++){mun=(int)(100*Math.random());System.out.print(mun+" ");if (mun>max1)max1=mun;if (mun<min1)min1=mun;}System.out.println();System.out.println("The largest number is: "+max1);System.out.println("The smallest number is: "+min1);}}10.import java.io.*;public class StrArry{public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{int m;String str;Stringmonth[]={"January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","september","October","November","December"};BufferedReader buf;buf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));System.out.print("Input the m:");str=buf.readLine();m=Integer.parseInt(str);if (m>=1 && m<=12)System.out.println(month[m-1]);elseSystem.out.print("Your Input is wrong");}}第四章1.import java.util.*;public class Person{private String name;private char sex;private int year,month;public Person( ){}public Person(String nm,char sx,int y,int m) {name=nm;sex=sx;year=y;month=m;}public void printPerson( ) {Calendar now=Calendar.getInstance();int age=now.get(Calendar.YEAR)-year;System.out.println("Name: "+name+",Sex: "+sex+", Age: "+age);}public static void main(String args[]){Person pe1=new Person("Tom",'m',1980,10);pe1.printPerson();}}2.public class Rectangle{double width,length,girth,area;public Rectangle(){};public Rectangle(double wd,double le) {width=wd;length=le;}public void setWidth(double wd) {width=wd;}public void setLength(double le) {length=le;}public double getWidth( ) {return width;}public double getLength( ) {return length;}public double girth(){return 2*(width+length);}public double area(){return width*length;}public void printRectangle(){System.out.println("Width="+width+" ,Length="+length);}public static void main(String args[]){Rectangle re1=new Rectangle(10,20);Rectangle re2=new Rectangle();re2.setWidth(3);re2.setLength(4);re1.printRectangle();System.out.println("Girth="+re1.girth()+",Area="+re1.area());re2.printRectangle();System.out.println("Girth="+re2.girth()+",Area="+re2.area());}}3.public class Matrix{ private int mx[][],m,n; public Matrix(int r,int c) { m=r;n=c;mx=new int[m][n];iniMatrix();}public Matrix(){m=3;n=3;mx=new int[3][3];iniMatrix();}public void iniMatrix(){ int i,j;for(i=0;i<=m-1;i++)for(j=0;j<=n-1;j++)mx[i][j]=(int)(Math.random()*100); }public void tranMatrix(){int i,j,t;int mt[][]=new int[m][n];for(i=0;i<=m-1;i++)for(j=0;j<=n-1;j++)mt[i][j]=mx[i][j];t=m;m=n;n=t;mx=new int[m][n];for(i=0;i<=m-1;i++)for(j=0;j<=n-1;j++)mx[i][j]=mt[j][i];}public void printMatrix(){int i,j;for(i=0;i<=m-1;i++){for(j=0;j<=n-1;j++)System.out.print(" "+mx[i][j]);System.out.println();}}public void addMatrix(Matrix b) {int i,j;for(i=0;i<=m-1;i++)for(j=0;j<=n-1;j++)mx[i][j]=mx[i][j]+b.mx[i][j];} public static void main(String args[]){Matrix ma=new Matrix(4,3);Matrix mb=new Matrix(4,3);System.out.println("The matrix_A:"); ma.printMatrix();System.out.println("The matrix_B:"); mb.printMatrix();System.out.println("Matrix_A +Matrix_B:");ma.addMatrix(mb);ma.printMatrix();System.out.println("Transpose Matrix_B:");mb.tranMatrix();mb.printMatrix();}}4.public class Substring{public static void main(String args[]){String str1=new String("addActionListener");String str2=new String("Action");int n;n=str1.indexOf(str2);if(n>=0){System.out.println("String_2 is in String_1");System.out.println("The substring before String_2 is "+str1.substring(0,n));System.out.println("The substring behind String_2 is "+str1.substring(n+str2.length( )));}}} 五、写出程序运行后的结果1. 2.。
班级:B11512 姓名:陈德桥学号:30 1.以下是根据题意订正后的程序和运行结果:#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Time{public:void set_time(void);void show_time(void);int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time t;int main(){t.set_time();t.show_time();return 0;}void Time::set_time(void){cout<<"set_time:"<<endl;cin>>t.hour;cin>>t.minute;cin>>t.sec;}void Time::show_time(void){cout<<"show_time:"<<endl;cout<<t.hour<<":"<<t.minute<<":"<<t.sec<<endl;}2.以下是根据题目要求对例2.1进行改写后的程序和运行结果:#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Timeprivate:int hour;int minute;int second;public:void settime(int h,int m,int s){tl.hour=h,tl.minute=m,tl.second=s;}void showtime(){cout<<"showtime:"<<endl;cout<<tl.hour<<":"<<tl.minute<<":"<<tl.second<<endl;}}tl;int main(){tl.settime(22,24,0);tl.showtime();return 0;}3. .以下是根据题目要求对例2.1进行改写后的程序和运行结果:#include<iostream>using namespace std;class Time{private:int hour;int minute;int second;public:void settime(int h,int m,int s);void showtime();}tl;int main(){tl.settime(22,24,0);tl.showtime();return 0;void Time::settime(int h,int m,int s){tl.hour=h,tl.minute=m,tl.second=s;}void Time::showtime(){cout<<"showtime:"<<endl;cout<<tl.hour<<":"<<tl.minute<<":"<<tl.second<<endl;}4.以下根据要求对本章2、3、3进行完善后的程序和运行结果:#include<iostream>#include<string>using namespace std;class Student{public:void display(){cout<<"num:"<<num<<endl;cout<<"name:"<<name<<endl;cout<<"sex:"<<sex<<endl;}void set_value1(int n);void set_value2(string m);void set_value3(char s);private:int num;string name;char sex;}Stu;int main(){Stu.set_value1(12);Stu.set_value2("liu");Stu.set_value3('F');Stu.display();return 0;}void Student::set_value1(int n)Stu.num=n;}void Student::set_value2(string m) {=m;}void Student::set_value3(char s) {Stu.sex=s;}。
c++面向对象程序设计课后习题答案(谭浩强版)(总14页)页内文档均可自由编辑,此页仅为封面第一章5:#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){cout<<"This"<<"is";cout<<"a"<<"C++";cout<<"program."<<endl; return 0;}6:#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;a=10;b=23;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b=";cout<<c;cout<<endl;return 0;}7:#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;int f(int x,int y,int z);cin>>a>>b>>c;c=f(a,b,c);cout<<c<<endl;return 0;}int f(int x,int y,int z){int m;if (x<y) m=x;else m=y;if (z<m) m=z;return(m);}8: #include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="<<a+b<<endl; return 0;}9:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int add(int x,int y);int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=add(a,b);cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl; return 0;}int add(int x,int y){int c;c=x+y;return(c);}10:#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void sort(int x,int y,int z); int x,y,z;cin>>x>>y>>z;sort(x,y,z);return 0;}void sort(int x, int y, int z){int temp;if (x>y) {temp=x;x=y;y=temp;} 2-4-12-4-22-5-12-5-2Box box1Box box1core; int k=0;for(int i=1;i<5;i++)if(arr[i].score>max_score) {max_score=arr[i].score;k=i;}cout<<arr[k].num<<" "<<max_score<<endl;}6:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display(){cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}private:int num;float score;};int main(){Student stud(101,;();(101,;();return 0;}7: 解法一#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,float s):num(n),score(s){}void change(int n,float s) {num=n;score=s;}void display() {cout<<num<<" "<<score<<endl;}otal();Product::display();return 0;}10:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Date;class Time{public:Time(int,int,int);friend void display(const Date &,const Time &); private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time::Time(int h,int m,int s){hour=h;minute=m;sec=s;}class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);friend void display(const Date &,const Time &); private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y){month=m;day=d;year=y;}void display(const Date &d,const Time &t){cout<<<<"/"<<<<"/"<<<<endl;cout<<<<":"<<<<":"<<<<endl;int main(){Time t1(10,13,56);Date d1(12,25,2004);display(d1,t1);return 0;}11:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Time;class Date{public:Date(int,int,int);friend Time;private:int month;int day;int year;};Date::Date(int m,int d,int y):month(m),day(d),year(y){ } class Time{public:Time(int,int,int);void display(const Date &);private:int hour;int minute;int sec;};Time::Time(int h,int m,int s):hour(h),minute(m),sec(s){ } void Time::display(const Date &d){cout<<<<"/"<<<<"/"<<<<endl;cout<<hour<<":"<<minute<<":"<<sec<<endl;}int main(){Time t1(10,13,56);Date d1(12,25,2004);(d1);return 0;}12:#include <iostream>using namespace std;template<class numtype>class Compare{public:Compare(numtype a,numtype b);numtype max();numtype min();private:numtype x,y;};template <class numtype>Compare<numtype>::Compare(numtype a,numtype b){x=a;y=b;}template <class numtype>numtype Compare<numtype>::max(){return (x>y)x:y;}template <class numtype>numtype Compare<numtype>::min(){return (x<y)x:y;}int main(){Compare<int> cmp1(3,7);cout<<()<<" is the Maximum of two integer numbers."<<endl;cout<<()<<" is the Minimum of two integer numbers."<<endl<<endl; Compare<float> cmp2,;cout<<()<<" is the Maximum of two float numbers."<<endl;cout<<()<<" is the Minimum of two float numbers."<<endl<<endl; Compare<char> cmp3('a','A');cout<<()<<" is the Maximum of two characters."<<endl;cout<<()<<" is the Minimum of two characters."<<endl;return 0;}第四章1:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;}double get_real();double get_imag();void display();private:double real;double imag;};double Complex::get_real(){return real;}double Complex::get_imag(){return imag;}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;} Complex operator + (Complex &c1,Complex &c2) {return Complex()+(),()+());}int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c3=";();return 0;}2:#include <iostream>using namespace std;class Complex{public:Complex(){real=0;imag=0;}Complex(double r,double i){real=r;imag=i;} Complex operator+(Complex &c2);Complex operator-(Complex &c2);Complex operator*(Complex &c2);Complex operator/(Complex &c2);void display();private:double real;double imag;};Complex Complex::operator+(Complex &c2) {Complex c;=real+;=imag+;return c;}Complex Complex::operator-(Complex &c2) {Complex c;=;=;return c;}Complex Complex::operator*(Complex &c2) {Complex c;=real**;=imag*+real*;return c;}Complex Complex::operator/(Complex &c2) {Complex c;=(real*+imag*/*+*;=(imag**/*+*;return c;}void Complex::display(){cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i)"<<endl;} int main(){Complex c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;c3=c1+c2;cout<<"c1+c2=";();c3=c1-c2;cout<<"c1-c2=";();c3=c1*c2;cout<<"c1*c2=";();c3=c1/c2;cout<<"c1/c2=";();return 0;}3:#include <iostream> ,"president","135 Beijing Road,Shanghai","(021)",;( );return 0;}10:#include <iostream>#include <cstring>using namespace std;class Teacher um<<" "<<staf[i].name<<" "<<staf[i].age<<""<<staf[i].pay<<endl;((char *)&staf[i],sizeof(staf[i]));}cout<<"please input data you want insert:"<<endl;for(i=0;i<2;i++){cin>>>>>>>>;(0,ios::end);((char *)&staf1,sizeof(staf1));}(0,ios::beg);for(i=0;i<7;i++){((char *)&staf[i],sizeof(staf[i]));cout<<staf[i].num<<" "<<staf[i].name<<" "<<staf[i].age<<" "<<staf[i].pay<<endl; }bool find;cout<<"enter number you want search,enter 0 to stop.";cin>>num;while(num){find=false;(0,ios::beg);for(i=0;i<7;i++){((char *)&staf[i],sizeof(staf[i]));if(num==staf[i].num){m=();cout<<num<<" is No."<<m/sizeof(staf1)<<endl;cout<<staf[i].num<<" "<<staf[i].name<<" "<<staf[i].age<<" "<<staf[i].pay<<endl; find=true;break;}}if(!find)cout<<"can't find "<<num<<endl;cout<<"enter number you want search,enter 0 to stop.";cin>>num;}();return 0;}6:解法一#include <iostream>#include <strstream>using namespace std;struct student{int num;char name[20];double score;};int main(){student stud[3]={1001,"Li",78,1002,"Wang",,1004,"Fun",90},stud1[3];char c[50];int i;ostrstream strout(c,50);for(i=0;i<3;i++)strout<<stud[i].num<<" "<<stud[i].name<<" "<<stud[i].score<<" ";strout<<ends;cout<<"array c:"<<endl<<c<<endl<<endl;istrstream strin(c,50);for(i=0;i<3;i++)strin>>stud1[i].num>>stud1[i].name>>stud1[i].score;cout<<"data from array c to array stud1:"<<endl;for(i=0;i<3;i++)cout<<stud1[i].num<<" "<<stud1[i].name<<" "<<stud1[i].score<<endl;cout<<endl;return 0;}6:解法二#include <iostream>#include <strstream>using namespace std;struct student{int num;char name[20];double score;};int main(){int i;student stud[3]={1001,"Li",78,1002,"Wang",,1004,"Fun",90},stud1[3]; char c[50];strstream strio(c,50,ios::in|ios::out);for(i=0;i<3;i++)strio<<stud[i].num<<" "<<stud[i].name<<" "<<stud[i].score<<" ";strio<<ends;cout<<"array c:"<<endl<<c<<endl<<endl;for(i=0;i<3;i++)strio>>stud1[i].num>>stud1[i].name>>stud1[i].score;cout<<"data from array c to array stud1:"<<endl;for(i=0;i<3;i++)cout<<stud1[i].num<<" "<<stud1[i].name<<" "<<stud1[i].score<<endl; cout<<endl;return 0;}第八章1:#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;double q(double,double,double);void main(){double a,b,c,p,x1,x2;cout<<"please enter a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;p=-b/(2*a);try{x1=p+q(a,b,c);x2=p-q(a,b,c);cout<<"x1="<<x1<<endl<<"x2="<<x2<<endl;}catch(double d){cout<<"a="<<a<<",b="<<b<<",c="<<c<<",disc="<<d<<",error!"<<endl;} cout<<"end"<<endl;}double q(double a,double b,double c){double disc;disc=b*b-4*a*c;if (disc<0) throw disc;return sqrt(disc)/(2*a);}2:#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;class Student{public:Student(int n,string nam){cout<<"constructor-"<<n<<endl;num=n;name=nam;}~Student(){cout<<"destructor-"<<num<<endl;}void get_data();private:int num;string name;};void Student::get_data(){if(num==0) throw num;else cout<<num<<" "<<name<<endl;cout<<"in get_data()"<<endl;}void fun(){Student stud1(1101,"tan");();try{Student stud2(0,"Li");();}catch(int n){cout<<"num="<<n<<",error!"<<endl;}}int main(){cout<<"main begin"<<endl;cout<<"call fun()"<<endl;fun();cout<<"main end"<<endl;return 0;}3://main file#include <iostream>using namespace std;#include ""#include ""using namespace std;using namespace student1;int main(){Student stud1(1001,"Wang",18,"123 Beijing Road,Shanghua"); ();student2::Student stud2(1102,"Li",'f',;();return 0;}//,文件名为#include <string>namespace student1{class Student{public:Student(int n,string nam,int a,string addr){num=n;name=nam;age=a;address=addr;}void show_data();private:int num;string name;int age;string address;};void Student::show_data(){cout<<"num:"<<num<<" name:"<<name<<" age:"<<age<<" address:"<<address<<endl;}}//,文件名为#include <string>namespace student2{class Student{public:Student(int n,string nam,char s,float sco){num=n;name=nam;sex=s;score=sco;}void show_data();private:int num;string name;char sex;float score;};void Student::show_data(){cout<<"num:"<<num<<" name:"<<name<<" sex:"<<sex <<" score:"<<score<<endl; }}。
第二章2-4#include <iostream>using namespace std;Add(int a,int b);int main(){int x,y,sum;cout<<"please input x and y:";cin>>x>>y;sum = add(x,y);cout <<x<<"+"<<y<<"="<<sum<<endl;}Add(int a,int b){return a+b;}2-5(1)this is a C++ program.(2)x=50.6 y=10 z=Ax=216.34 y=10 z=Ax=216.34 y=2 z=Ax=216.34 y=2 z=E(3)x y z500 10000500 15001500500 200 15002-6#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int *p,*init;int countp=0;int countn=0;p = new int[20];init = p;for(int i=0;i<20;i++){cin>>*p;p++;}p = p-20;for( i=0;i<20;i++){if(*p>0) countp++;if(*p<0) countn++;cout<<*p<<" ";p++;}cout<<"正数有 :"<<countp<<endl; cout<<"负数有 :"<<countn<<endl;p = init;delete[] p;return 0;}2-7 不做要求#include <iostream>//#include <string>using namespace std;void checkagescore(string name,int age) {if (name == "exit") throw name;if(age<0||age>50)throw age;}int main(){string name;int age;for(int i=0 ;i<5 ;i++ ){cin.ignore ();getline(cin,name );cin>>age ;try{checkagescore(name,age);}catch( string){cout<<"exception :name is exit"<<endl;continue;}catch(int){cout<<"exception :age is not proper"<<endl;continue;}cout<<"name:"<<name<<"age :"<<age<<endl;}return 0;}第三章3-1(1)A (2)C (3)B (4)C (5)C(6)B(7)B(8)C(9)C3-7(1)main()函数中p1.age = 30;语句是错误的。
0837一、BCABB DDCBA二、1、答:程序运行的输出结果是:1 2 6 24 1202、3、问题(1):Test3是SuperTest的子类(或SuperTest是Test3的父类,或继承关系)。
问题(2):super指对象的父类(或超类);this指使用它的对象本身(或对对象自己的引用)。
问题(3):程序的输出是:<\ p="">Hi, I am OliveNice to meet you!Age is 7My age is 7My parent"s age is 35<\ p="">4、答:问题(1):new FileOutputStream(“out.txt”)dout.writeInt( ‘0’ + i);dout.close( );new FileInputStream(“out.txt”)din.readInt( )din.close( );问题(2):常被用于读取与存储(读写或输入/输出)基本数据类型的数据。
问题(3):文件out.txt的内容是:0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9程序在控制台窗口输出:0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,三、import java.io.DataOutputStream;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;public class TestSort {public static int MAXSIZE = 61;public static void sortInt(int[] arr) { // 采用选择法对一维数组进行排序for (int i = 0; i < arr.length - 1; i++) {int k = i;for (int j = i + 1; j < arr.length; j++)if (arr[j] < arr[k])k = j; // 用k记录最小值的下标if (k > i) { // 在外循环中实施交换arr[i] = arr[i] + arr[k];arr[k] = arr[i] - arr[k];arr[i] = arr[i] - arr[k];}}}public static void main(String args[]) {int score[] = new int[MAXSIZE];try {for (int i = 0; i < MAXSIZE; i++)score[i] = (int) (Math.random() * 100 + 0.5);sortInt(score);DataOutputStream dout = new DataOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(\"score.txt\"));for (int i = 0; i < MAXSIZE; i++) {dout.writeInt(score[i]);System.out.println(score[i]);}dout.close();// 结果保存到文件} catch (IOException e) {System.err.println(\"发生异常:\" + e);e.printStackTrace();}// try-catch结构处理异常}}。
习题11.James Gosling2.(1)使用一个文本编辑器编写源文件。
(2)使用Java编译器(javac.exe)编译Java源程序,得到字节码文件。
(3)使用J ava解释器(java.exe)运行Java程序3.Java的源文件是由若干个书写形式互相独立的类组成的。
应用程序中可以没有public类,若有的话至多可以有一个public类。
4.系统环境path D\jdk\bin;系统环境classpath D\jdk\jre\lib\rt.jar;.;5. B6.Java源文件的扩展名是.java。
Java字节码的扩展名是.class。
7.D8.(1)Speak.java(2)生成两个字节码文件,这些字节码文件的名字Speak.class 和Xiti8.class (3)java Xiti8(4)执行java Speak的错误提示Exception in thread "main" ng.NoSuchMethodError: main 执行java xiti8得到的错误提示Exception in thread "main" ng.NoClassDefFoundError: xiti8 (wrong name: Xiti8) 执行java Xiti8.class得到的错误提示Exception in thread "main" ng.NoClassDefFoundError: Xiti8/class 执行java Xiti8得到的输出结果I'm glad to meet you习题21. D2.【代码1】【代码2】错误//【代码3】更正为float z=6.89F;3.float型常量后面必须要有后缀“f”或“F”。
对于double常量,后面可以有后缀“d”或“D”,但允许省略该后缀。
4.public class Xiti4{public static void main (String args[ ]){char ch1='你',ch2='我',ch3='他';System.out.println("\""+ch1+"\"的位置:"+(int)ch1);System.out.println("\""+ch2+"\"的位置:"+(int)ch2);System.out.println("\""+ch3+"\"的位置:"+(int)ch3);}}5.数组名字.length6.数组名字.length7.【代码1】A,65【代码2】-127【代码3】123456.783,123456.783128.【代码1】false【代码2】true【代码3】false【代码4】3【代码5】4.4【代码6】8.8习题31.输出110if-else语句书写的不够规范,复合语句缺少大括号“{}”,代码不够清晰。
1.分析下列程序的执行结果:输出随机数2. 分析下列程序的执行结果:i=03. C++语言对C语言在结构化程序设计方面进行了哪些扩充?主要在以下方面进行了扩充:文件扩展名、注释符、名字空间、输入输出、变量的定义、强制类型转换、动态内存的分配与释放、作用域运算符::、引用、const 修饰符、字符串、函数4. 下述C++程序有若干处错误,试找出并纠正之。
正确程序为:#include<iostream.h>const float PAI=3.14159265;float square(float r){return PAI*r*r;}float square(float high,float length=0 ){return high*length;}float (*fs)(float,float=0);void main(){fs=□cout<<"The circle's square is "<<fs(1.0)<<'\n';}5. 引用类型与指针类型有什么区别?指针的内容或值是某一变量的内存单元地址,而引用则与初始化它的变量具有相同的内存单元地址。
指针是个变量,可以把它再赋值成其它的地址,然而,建立引用时必须进行初始化并且决不会再指向其它不同的变量。
C++没有提供访问引用本身地址的方法,因为它与指针或其它变量的地址不同,它没有任何意义。
引用总是作为变量的别名使用,引用的地址也就是变量的地址。
引用一旦初始化,就不会与初始化它的变量分开。
6.函数、内联函数以及宏的区别。
程序的模块在C++中通过函数来实现,函数由函数说明和函数体2部分组成。
内联函数是C++语言特有的一种函数附加类别,是通过在函数声明之前插入“inline”关键字实现的。
编译器会将编译后的全部内联函数的目的机器代码复制到程序内所有的引用位置并把往返传送的数据也都溶合进引用位置的计算当中,用来避免函数调用机制所带来的开销,提高程序的执行效率。
第一章1-5、#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){cout<<"This"<<"is";cout<<"a"<<"C++";cout<<"program.";return 0;}1-6、#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;a=10;b=23;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b=";cout<<c;cout<<endl;return 0;}1-7#include <iostream> using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;int f(int x,int y,int z); cin>>a>>b>>c;c=f(a,b,c);cout<<c<<endl;return 0;}int f(int x,int y,int z){int m;if (x<y) m=x;else m=y;if (z<m) m=z;return(m);} 1-8、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;cin>>a>>b;c=a+b;cout<<"a+b="<<a+b<<endl;return 0;}1-9、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a,b,c;int add(int x,int y);cin>>a>>b;c=add(a,b);cout<<"a+b="<<c<<endl;return 0;}int add(int x,int y){int z;z=x+y;return(z);}第二章2-3、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='a',c2='b',c3='c',c4='\101',c5='\116'; cout<<c1<<c2<<c3<<'\n';cout<<"\t\b"<<c4<<'\t'<<c5<<'\n';return 0;}2-4、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='C',c2='+',c3='+';cout<<"I say: \""<<c1<<c2<<c3<<'\"';cout<<"\t\t"<<"He says: \"C++ is veryinteresting!\""<< '\n';return 0;}2-7、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,j,m,n;i=8;j=10;m=++i+j++;n=(++i)+(++j)+m;cout<<i<<'\t'<<j<<'\t'<<m<<'\t'<<n<<endl; return 0;}2-8、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char c1='C', c2='h', c3='i', c4='n', c5='a';c1+=4;c2+=4;c3+=4;c4+=4;c5+=4;cout<<"passwordis:"<<c1<<c2<<c3<<c4<<c5<<endl;return 0;}第三章3-2、#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;int main ( ){float h,r,l,s,sq,vq,vz;const float pi=3.1415926;cout<<"please enter r,h:";cin>>r>>h;l=2*pi*r;s=r*r*pi;sq=4*pi*r*r;vq=3.0/4.0*pi*r*r*r;vz=pi*r*r*h;cout<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setiosflags(ios:: right)<<setprecision(2);cout<<"l= "<<setw(10)<<l<<endl;cout<<"s= "<<setw(10)<<s<<endl;cout<<"sq="<<setw(10)<<sq<<endl;cout<<"vq="<<setw(10)<<vq<<endl;cout<<"vz="<<setw(10)<<vz<<endl;return 0;}3-3、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){float c,f;cout<<"请输入一个华氏温度:";cin>>f;c=(5.0/9.0)*(f-32); //注意5和9要用实型表示,否则5/9值为0cout<<"摄氏温度为:"<<c<<endl;return 0;};3-4、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;cout<<"请输入两个字符c1,c2:";c1=getchar(); //将输入的第一个字符赋给c1c2=getchar(); //将输入的第二个字符赋给c2cout<<"用putchar函数输出结果为:"; putchar(c1);putchar(c2);cout<<endl;cout<<"用cout语句输出结果为:";cout<<c1<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3-4-1、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;cout<<"请输入两个字符c1,c2:";c1=getchar(); //将输入的第一个字符赋给c1c2=getchar(); //将输入的第二个字符赋给c2cout<<"用putchar函数输出结果为:"; putchar(c1);putchar(44);putchar(c2);cout<<endl;cout<<"用cout语句输出结果为:";cout<<c1<<","<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3-5、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){char c1,c2;int i1,i2; //定义为整型cout<<"请输入两个整数i1,i2:";cin>>i1>>i2;c1=i1;c2=i2;cout<<"按字符输出结果为:"<<c1<<" , "<<c2<<endl;return 0;}3-8、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){ int a=3,b=4,c=5,x,y;cout<<(a+b>c && b==c)<<endl;cout<<(a||b+c && b-c)<<endl;cout<<(!(a>b) && !c||1)<<endl;cout<<(!(x=a) && (y=b) && 0)<<endl;cout<<(!(a+b)+c-1 && b+c/2)<<endl; return 0;}3-9-1、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int a,b,c;cout<<"please enter three integer numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;if(a<b)if(b<c)cout<<"max="<<c;elsecout<<"max="<<b;else if (a<c)cout<<"max="<<c;elsecout<<"max="<<a;cout<<endl;return 0;}3-9-2、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int a,b,c,temp,max ;cout<<"please enter three integer numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c;temp=(a>b)?a:b; /* 将a和b中的大者存入temp中*/max=(temp>c)?temp:c; /* 将a和b中的大者与c比较,最大者存入max */cout<<"max="<<max<<endl;return 0;}3-10、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main ( ){int x,y;cout<<"enter x:";cin>>x;if (x<1){y=x;cout<<"x="<<x<<", y=x="<<y;}else if (x<10) // 1≤x<10{y=2*x-1;cout<<"x="<<x<<", y=2*x-1="<<y;}else// x≥10{y=3*x-11;cout<<"x="<<x<<",y=3*x-11="<<y;}cout<<endl;return 0;}3-11、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){float score;char grade;cout<<"please enter score of student:"; cin>>score;while (score>100||score<0){cout<<"data error,enter data again.";cin>>score;}switch(int(score/10)){case 10:case 9: grade='A';break;case 8: grade='B';break;case 7: grade='C';break;case 6: grade='D';break;default:grade='E';}cout<<"score is "<<score<<", grade is "<<grade<<endl;return 0;}3-12、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){long int num;intindiv,ten,hundred,thousand,ten_thousand,pla ce;/*分别代表个位,十位,百位,千位,万位和位数*/cout<<"enter an integer(0~99999):"; cin>>num;if (num>9999)place=5;else if (num>999)place=4;else if (num>99)place=3;else if (num>9)place=2;else place=1;cout<<"place="<<place<<endl;//计算各位数字ten_thousand=num/10000;thousand=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000)/1 000;hundred=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-tho usand*1000)/100;ten=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousan d*1000-hundred*100)/10;indiv=(int)(num-ten_thousand*10000-thousa nd*1000-hundred*100-ten*10);cout<<"original order:";switch(place){case5:cout<<ten_thousand<<","<<thousand<<","< <hundred<<","<<ten<<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<thousand<<ten _thousand<<endl;break;case4:cout<<thousand<<","<<hundred<<","<<ten <<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<thousand<<en dl;break;case3:cout<<hundred<<","<<ten<<","<<indiv<<en dl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<hundred<<endl;break;case 2:cout<<ten<<","<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<ten<<endl;break;case 1:cout<<indiv<<endl;cout<<"reverse order:";cout<<indiv<<endl;break;}return 0;}3-13-1、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){ long i; //i为利润floatbonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10;bon1=100000*0.1; //利润为10万元时的奖金bon2=bon1+100000*0.075; //利润为20万元时的奖金bon4=bon2+100000*0.05; //利润为40万元时的奖金bon6=bon4+100000*0.03; //利润为60万元时的奖金bon10=bon6+400000*0.015; //利润为100万元时的奖金cout<<"enter i:";cin>>i;if (i<=100000)bonus=i*0.1;//利润在10万元以内按10%提成奖金else if (i<=200000)bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075; //利润在10万元至20万时的奖金else if (i<=400000)bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05; //利润在20万元至40万时的奖金else if (i<=600000)bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03; //利润在40万元至60万时的奖金else if (i<=1000000)bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015; //利润在60万元至100万时的奖金elsebonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01; //利润在100万元以上时的奖金cout<<"bonus="<<bonus<<endl;return 0;}3-13-2、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){long i;float bonus,bon1,bon2,bon4,bon6,bon10; int c;bon1=100000*0.1;bon2=bon1+100000*0.075;bon4=bon2+200000*0.05;bon6=bon4+200000*0.03;bon10=bon6+400000*0.015;cout<<"enter i:";cin>>i;c=i/100000;if (c>10) c=10;switch(c){case 0: bonus=i*0.1; break;case 1: bonus=bon1+(i-100000)*0.075; break;case 2:case 3: bonus=bon2+(i-200000)*0.05;break;case 4:case 5: bonus=bon4+(i-400000)*0.03;break;case 6:case 7:case 8:case 9: bonus=bon6+(i-600000)*0.015; break;case 10: bonus=bon10+(i-1000000)*0.01;}cout<<"bonus="<<bonus<<endl;return 0;}3-14、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int t,a,b,c,d;cout<<"enter four numbers:";cin>>a>>b>>c>>d;cout<<"a="<<a<<", b="<<b<<", c="<<c<<",d="<<d<<endl;if (a>b){t=a;a=b;b=t;}if (a>c){t=a; a=c; c=t;}if (a>d){t=a; a=d; d=t;}if (b>c){t=b; b=c; c=t;}if (b>d){t=b; b=d; d=t;}if (c>d){t=c; c=d; d=t;}cout<<"the sorted sequence:"<<endl;cout<<a<<", "<<b<<", "<<c<<", "<<d<<endl; return 0;}3-15、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int p,r,n,m,temp;cout<<"please enter two positive integer numbers n,m:";cin>>n>>m;if (n<m){temp=n;n=m;m=temp; //把大数放在n中, 小数放在m中}p=n*m; //先将n和m的乘积保存在p中, 以便求最小公倍数时用while (m!=0) //求n和m 的最大公约数{r=n%m;n=m;m=r;}cout<<"HCF="<<n<<endl;cout<<"LCD="<<p/n<<endl; // p是原来两个整数的乘积return 0;}3-16、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){char c;int letters=0,space=0,digit=0,other=0;cout<<"enter one line::"<<endl;while((c=getchar())!='\n'){if (c>='a' && c<='z'||c>='A' && c<='Z')letters++;else if (c==' ')space++;else if (c>='0' && c<='9')digit++;elseother++;}cout<<"letter:"<<letters<<", space:"<<space<<", digit:"<<digit<<", other:"<<other<<endl;return 0;}3-17、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int a,n,i=1,sn=0,tn=0;cout<<"a,n=:";cin>>a>>n;while (i<=n){tn=tn+a; //赋值后的tn为i个a 组成数的值sn=sn+tn; //赋值后的sn为多项式前i项之和a=a*10;++i;}cout<<"a+aa+aaa+...="<<sn<<endl;return 0;}3-18、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){float s=0,t=1;int n;for (n=1;n<=20;n++){t=t*n; // 求n!s=s+t; // 将各项累加}cout<<"1!+2!+...+20!="<<s<<endl;return 0;}3-19、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main (){int i,j,k,n;cout<<"narcissus numbers are:"<<endl;for (n=100;n<1000;n++){i=n/100;j=n/10-i*10;k=n%10;if (n == i*i*i + j*j*j + k*k*k)cout<<n<<" ";}cout<<endl;return 0;}3-20-1、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){const int m=1000; // 定义寻找范围int k1,k2,k3,k4,k5,k6,k7,k8,k9,k10;int i,a,n,s;for (a=2;a<=m;a++) // a是2~1000之间的整数,检查它是否为完数{n=0; // n用来累计a的因子的个数s=a; // s用来存放尚未求出的因子之和,开始时等于afor (i=1;i<a;i++) // 检查i是否为a 的因子if (a%i==0) // 如果i是a的因子{n++; // n加1,表示新找到一个因子s=s-i; // s减去已找到的因子,s的新值是尚未求出的因子之和switch(n) // 将找到的因子赋给k1,...,k10{case 1:k1=i; break; // 找出的笫1个因子赋给k1case 2:k2=i; break; // 找出的笫2个因子赋给k2case 3:k3=i; break; // 找出的笫3个因子赋给k3case 4:k4=i; break; // 找出的笫4个因子赋给k4case 5:k5=i; break; // 找出的笫5个因子赋给k5case 6:k6=i; break; // 找出的笫6个因子赋给k6case 7:k7=i; break; // 找出的笫7个因子赋给k7case 8:k8=i; break; // 找出的笫8个因子赋给k8case 9:k9=i; break; // 找出的笫9个因子赋给k9case 10:k10=i; break; // 找出的笫10个因子赋给k10}}if (s==0) // s=0表示全部因子都已找到了{cout<<a<<" is a 完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";if (n>1) cout<<k1<<","<<k2; // n>1表示a至少有2个因子if (n>2) cout<<","<<k3; // n>2表示至少有3个因子,故应再输出一个因子if (n>3) cout<<","<<k4; // n>3表示至少有4个因子,故应再输出一个因子if (n>4) cout<<","<<k5; // 以下类似if (n>5) cout<<","<<k6;if (n>6) cout<<","<<k7;if (n>7) cout<<","<<k8;if (n>8) cout<<","<<k9;if (n>9) cout<<","<<k10;cout<<endl<<endl;}}return 0;}3-20-2、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int m,s,i;for (m=2;m<1000;m++){s=0;for (i=1;i<m;i++)if ((m%i)==0) s=s+i;if(s==m){cout<<m<<" is a完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";for (i=1;i<m;i++)if (m%i==0) cout<<i<<" ";cout<<endl;}}return 0;}3-20-3、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int k[11];int i,a,n,s;for (a=2;a<=1000;a++){n=0;s=a;for (i=1;i<a;i++)if ((a%i)==0){n++;s=s-i;k[n]=i; // 将找到的因子赋给k[1]┅k[10]}if (s==0){cout<<a<<" is a 完数"<<endl;cout<<"its factors are:";for (i=1;i<n;i++)cout<<k[i]<<" ";cout<<k[n]<<endl;}}return 0;}3-21、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,t,n=20;double a=2,b=1,s=0;for (i=1;i<=n;i++){s=s+a/b;t=a;a=a+b; // 将前一项分子与分母之和作为下一项的分子b=t; // 将前一项的分子作为下一项的分母}cout<<"sum="<<s<<endl;return 0;}3-22、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int day,x1,x2;day=9;x2=1;while(day>0){x1=(x2+1)*2; // 第1天的桃子数是第2天桃子数加1后的2倍x2=x1;day--;}cout<<"total="<<x1<<endl;return 0;}3-23、#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){float a,x0,x1;cout<<"enter a positive number:"; cin>>a; // 输入a的值x0=a/2;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;do{x0=x1;x1=(x0+a/x0)/2;}while(fabs(x0-x1)>=1e-5);cout<<"The square root of "<<a<<" is "<<x1<<endl;return 0;}3-24、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int i,k;for (i=0;i<=3;i++) // 输出上面4行*号{for (k=0;k<=2*i;k++)cout<<"*"; // 输出*号cout<<endl; //输出完一行*号后换行}for (i=0;i<=2;i++) // 输出下面3行*号{for (k=0;k<=4-2*i;k++)cout<<"*"; // 输出*号cout<<endl; // 输出完一行*号后换行}return 0;}3-25、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){char i,j,k; /* i是a的对手;j是b的对手;k是c的对手*/for (i='X';i<='Z';i++)for (j='X';j<='Z';j++)if (i!=j)for (k='X';k<='Z';k++)if (i!=k && j!=k)if (i!='X' && k!='X' && k!='Z')cout<<"A--"<<i<<"B--"<<j<<" C--"<<k<<endl;return 0;}第四章4-1、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int hcf(int,int);int lcd(int,int,int);int u,v,h,l;cin>>u>>v;h=hcf(u,v);cout<<"H.C.F="<<h<<endl;l=lcd(u,v,h);cout<<"L.C.D="<<l<<endl;return 0;}int hcf(int u,int v){int t,r;if (v>u){t=u;u=v;v=t;}while ((r=u%v)!=0){u=v;v=r;}return(v);}int lcd(int u,int v,int h){return(u*v/h);}4-2、#include <iostream>#include <math.h>using namespace std;float x1,x2,disc,p,q;int main(){void greater_than_zero(float,float);void equal_to_zero(float,float);void smaller_than_zero(float,float);float a,b,c;cout<<"input a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;disc=b*b-4*a*c;cout<<"root:"<<endl;if (disc>0){greater_than_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<x1<<",x2="<<x2<<endl;}else if (disc==0){equal_to_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<x1<<",x2="<<x2<<endl;}else{smaller_than_zero(a,b);cout<<"x1="<<p<<"+"<<q<<"i"<<endl;cout<<"x2="<<p<<"-"<<q<<"i"<<endl;}return 0;}void greater_than_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数,用来求disc>0时方程的根*/ {x1=(-b+sqrt(disc))/(2*a);x2=(-b-sqrt(disc))/(2*a);}void equal_to_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数,用来求disc=0时方程的根*/ {x1=x2=(-b)/(2*a);}void smaller_than_zero(float a,float b) /* 定义一个函数,用来求disc<0时方程的根*/ {p=-b/(2*a);q=sqrt(-disc)/(2*a);}4-3、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int prime(int); /* 函数原型声明*/int n;cout<<"input an integer:";cin>>n;if (prime(n))cout<<n<<" is a prime."<<endl;elsecout<<n<<" is not a prime."<<endl; return 0;}int prime(int n){int flag=1,i;for (i=2;i<n/2 && flag==1;i++)if (n%i==0)flag=0;return(flag);}4-4、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int fac(int);int a,b,c,sum=0;cout<<"enter a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;sum=sum+fac(a)+fac(b)+fac(c);cout<<a<<"!+"<<b<<"!+"<<c<<"!="<<sum<<e ndl;return 0;}int fac(int n){int f=1;for (int i=1;i<=n;i++)f=f*i;return f;}4-5、#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){double e(double);double x,sinh;cout<<"enter x:";cin>>x;sinh=(e(x)+e(-x))/2;cout<<"sinh("<<x<<")="<<sinh<<endl; return 0;}double e(double x){return exp(x);}4-6、#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){doublesolut(double ,double ,double ,double ); double a,b,c,d;cout<<"input a,b,c,d:";cin>>a>>b>>c>>d;cout<<"x="<<solut(a,b,c,d)<<endl;return 0;}double solut(double a,double b,double c,double d){double x=1,x0,f,f1;do{x0=x;f=((a*x0+b)*x0+c)*x0+d;f1=(3*a*x0+2*b)*x0+c;x=x0-f/f1;}while(fabs(x-x0)>=1e-5);return(x);}4-7、#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;int main(){void godbaha(int);int n;cout<<"input n:";cin>>n;godbaha(n);return 0;}void godbaha(int n) {int prime(int);int a,b;for(a=3;a<=n/2;a=a+2){if(prime(a)){b=n-a;if (prime(b))cout<<n<<"="<<a<<"+"<<b<<endl;}}}int prime(int m){int i,k=sqrt(m);for(i=2;i<=k;i++)if(m%i==0) break;if (i>k) return 1;else return 0;}4-8、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int x,n;float p(int,int);cout<<"input n & x:";cin>>n>>x;cout<<"n="<<n<<",x="<<x<<endl;;cout<<"P"<<n<<"(x)="<<p(n,x)<<endl; return 0;}float p(int n,int x){if (n==0)return(1);else if (n==1)return(x);elsereturn(((2*n-1)*x*p((n-1),x)-(n-1)*p((n-2),x))/ n);}4-9、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void hanoi(int n,char one,char two,char three);int m;cout<<"input the number of diskes:"; cin>>m;cout<<"The steps of moving "<<m<<" disks:"<<endl;hanoi(m,'A','B','C');return 0;}void hanoi(int n,char one,char two,char three) //将n个盘从one座借助two座,移到three座{void move(char x,char y);if(n==1) move(one,three);else{hanoi(n-1,one,three,two);move(one,three);hanoi(n-1,two,one,three);}}void move(char x,char y){cout<<x<<"-->"<<y<<endl;}4-10、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){void convert(int n);int number;cout<<"input an integer:";cin>>number;cout<<"output:"<<endl;if (number<0){cout<<"-";number=-number;}convert(number);cout<<endl;return 0;}void convert(int n){int i;char c;if ((i=n/10)!=0)convert(i);c=n%10+'0';cout<<" "<<c;}4-11、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int f(int);int n,s;cout<<"input the number n:";cin>>n;s=f(n);cout<<"The result is "<<s<<endl;return 0;}int f(int n){;if (n==1)return 1;elsereturn (n*n+f(n-1));}4-12、#include <iostream>#include <cmath>using namespace std;#define S(a,b,c) (a+b+c)/2#define AREA(a,b,c) sqrt(S(a,b,c)*(S(a,b,c)-a)*(S(a,b,c)-b)*(S(a,b,c) -c))int main(){float a,b,c;cout<<"input a,b,c:";cin>>a>>b>>c;if (a+b>c && a+c>b && b+c>a)cout<<"area="<<AREA(a,b,c)<<endl; elsecout<<"It is not a triangle!"<<endl; return 0;}4-14、#include <iostream>using namespace std;//#define LETTER 1int main(){char c;cin>>c;#if LETTERif(c>='a' && c<='z')c=c-32;#elseif(c>='A' && c<='Z')c=c+32;#endifcout<<c<<endl;return 0;}4-15、#include <iostream>using namespace std;#define CHANGE 1int main(){char ch[40];cout<<"input text:"<<endl;;gets(ch);#if (CHANGE){for (int i=0;i<40;i++){if (ch[i]!='\0')if (ch[i]>='a'&& ch[i]<'z'||ch[i]>'A'&& ch[i]<'Z')ch[i]+=1;else if (ch[i]=='z'||ch[i]=='Z')ch[i]-=25;}}#endifcout<<"output:"<<endl<<ch<<endl;return 0;}4-16-1、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int a;int main(){extern int power(int);int b=3,c,d,m;cout<<"enter an integer a and its power m:"<<endl;cin>>a>>m;c=a*b;cout<<a<<"*"<<b<<"="<<c<<endl;d=power(m);cout<<a<<"**"<<m<<"="<<d<<endl; return 0;}4-16-2、extern int a;int power(int n){int i,y=1;for(i=1;i<=n;i++)y*=a;return y;}第五章5-1、#include <iostream>#include <iomanip>using namespace std;#include <math.h>int main(){int i,j,n,a[101];for (i=1;i<=100;i++)a[i]=i;a[1]=0;for (i=2;i<sqrt(100);i++)for (j=i+1;j<=100;j++){if(a[i]!=0 && a[j]!=0)if (a[j]%a[i]==0)a[j]=0; }cout<<endl;for (i=1,n=0;i<=100;i++){if (a[i]!=0){cout<<setw(5)<<a[i]<<" ";n++;}if(n==10){cout<<endl;n=0;}}cout<<endl;return 0;}5-2、#include <iostream>using namespace std;//#include <math.h>int main(){int i,j,min,temp,a[11];cout<<"enter data:"<<endl;for (i=1;i<=10;i++){cout<<"a["<<i<<"]=";cin>>a[i]; //输入10个数}cout<<endl<<"The original numbers:"<<endl;;for (i=1;i<=10;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" "; // 输出这10个数cout<<endl;;for (i=1;i<=9;i++) //以下8行是对10个数排序{min=i;for (j=i+1;j<=10;j++)if (a[min]>a[j]) min=j;temp=a[i]; //以下3行将a[i+1]~a[10]中最小者与a[i] 对换a[i]=a[min];a[min]=temp;}cout<<endl<<"The sorted numbers:"<<endl;for (i=1;i<=10;i++) // 输出已排好序的10个数cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;return 0;}5-3、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a[3][3],sum=0;int i,j;cout<<"enter data:"<<endl;;for (i=0;i<3;i++)for (j=0;j<3;j++)cin>>a[i][j];for (i=0;i<3;i++)sum=sum+a[i][i];cout<<"sum="<<sum<<endl;return 0;}5-4、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a[11]={1,4,6,9,13,16,19,28,40,100};int num,i,j;cout<<"array a:"<<endl;for (i=0;i<10;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;;cout<<"insert data:";cin>>num;if (num>a[9])a[10]=num;else{for (i=0;i<10;i++){if (a[i]>num){for (j=9;j>=i;j--)a[j+1]=a[j];a[i]=num;break;}}}cout<<"Now, array a:"<<endl;for (i=0;i<11;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";cout<<endl;return 0;}5-5、#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){ const int n=5;int a[n],i,temp;cout<<"enter array a:"<<endl;for (i=0;i<n;i++)cin>>a[i];cout<<"array a:"<<endl;for (i=0;i<n;i++)cout<<a[i]<<" ";for (i=0;i<n/2;i++) //循环的作用是将对称的元素的值互换{ temp=a[i];a[i]=a[n-i-1];a[n-i-1]=temp;}cout<<endl<<"Now,array a:"<<endl;for (i=0;i<n;i++)。
面向对象程序设计一、选择填空1.关于C++与C语言的关系描述中,(D)是错误的.(A)C语言是C++的一个子集(B)C语言与C++是兼容的(C)C++对C语言进行了一些改进(D)C++和C语言都是面向对象的2.下面关于对象概念的描述中,(B)是错误的。
(A)对象就是C语言的结构变量(B)对象代表着正在创建的系统中的一个实体(C)对象是一个状态的操作(或方法)的封装体(D)对象之间的信息传递是通过消息进行的3.下面关于类概念的描述中,(D)是错误的。
(A)类是抽象数据类型的实现(B)类是具有共同行为的若干对象的统一描述体(C)类是创建对象的样板(D)类就是C语言的结构类型4.按照标识符的要求,(A)符号不能组成标识符。
(A)连接符(B)下划线(C)大小写字母(D)数字字符5.下列符号中,(C)不可作为分隔符。
(A),(B):(C)?(D);6.在16位机中,int型字宽为(A)字节.(A)2(B)4(C)6(D)87.类型修饰符unsigned修饰(D)类型是错误的。
(A)char(B)int (C)long int(D)float8.对于int *pa[5];的描述,(D)是正确的.(A)pa是一个指向数组的指针,所指向的数组是5个int型元素(B)pa是一个指向某数组中第5个元素的指针,该元素是int变量(C)pa[5]表示某个数组的第5个元素(D)pa是一个具有5个元素的指针数组,每个元素是一个int型指针。
9.下列关于指针的运算中,(D)是非法的。
(A)两个指针在一定条件下,可以进行相等或不等的运算。
(B)可以有一个空指针赋值给某个指针.(C)一个指针可以加上一个整数。
(D)两个指针在一定条件下,可以相加.10.指针可以用来表示数组元素,下列表示中(A)是错误的。
已知:int a[3][7];(A)*(a+1)[5] (B)*(*a+3)(C)*(*(a+1))(D)*(&a[0][0]+2)11.下列表示引用的方法中,(A)是正确的。
第一章:面向对象程序设计概述[1_1]什么是面向对象程序设计?面向对象程序设计是一种新型的程序设计范型。
这种范型的主要特征是:程序=对象+消息。
面向对象程序的基本元素是对象,面向对象程序的主要结构特点是:第一:程序一般由类的定义和类的使用两部分组成,在主程序中定义各对象并规定它们之间传递消息的规律。
第二:程序中的一切操作都是通过向对象发送消息来实现的,对象接受到消息后,启动有关方法完成相应的操作。
面向对象程序设计方法模拟人类习惯的解题方法,代表了计算机程序设计新颖的思维方式。
这种方法的提出是软件开发方法的一场革命,是目前解决软件开发面临困难的最有希望、最有前途的方法之一。
[1_2]什么是类?什么是对象?对象与类的关系是什么?在面向对象程序设计中,对象是描述其属性的数据以及对这些数据施加的一组操作封装在一起构成的统一体。
对象可以认为是:数据+操作在面向对象程序设计中,类就是具有相同的数据和相同的操作的一组对象的集合,也就是说,类是对具有相同数据结构和相同操作的一类对象的描述。
类和对象之间的关系是抽象和具体的关系。
类是多个对象进行综合抽象的结果,一个对象是类的一个实例。
在面向对象程序设计中,总是先声明类,再由类生成对象。
类是建立对象的“摸板”,按照这个摸板所建立的一个个具体的对象,就是类的实际例子,通常称为实例。
[1_3]现实世界中的对象有哪些特征?请举例说明。
对象是现实世界中的一个实体,其具有以下一些特征:(1)每一个对象必须有一个名字以区别于其他对象。
(2)需要用属性来描述它的某些特性。
(3)有一组操作,每一个操作决定了对象的一种行为。
(4)对象的操作可以分为两类:一类是自身所承受的操作,一类是施加于其他对象的操作。
例如:雇员刘名是一个对象对象名:刘名对象的属性:年龄:36 生日:1966.10.1 工资:2000 部门:人事部对象的操作:吃饭开车[1_4]什么是消息?消息具有什么性质?在面向对象程序设计中,一个对象向另一个对象发出的请求被称为“消息”。
实验一熟悉VC++IDE开发环境一、实验目的1、熟悉VC++6.0集成开发环境,熟练掌握VC++6.0项目工作区、各种编辑器、菜单栏和工具栏的使用。
2、掌握如何编辑、编译、连接和运行一个C++程序。
3、通过运行简单的C++程序,初步了解C++源程序的结构和特点。
二、实验要求1、分析下列程序运行的结果。
程序一:#include <iostream.h>int add(int x,int y=8);void main(){ int x=4;cout<<add(x)<<",";cout<<add(x,add(add(x,add(x))))<<endl;}int add(int x,int y){ return x+y;}//12,28程序二:#include <iostream.h>void main(){ int *p,i;i=5;p=&i;i=*p+10;cout<<"i="<<i<<endl;}//i=15程序三:#include <iostream.h>void main(void){ int i=10;int &r=i;r++;cout<<"i="<<i<<", r="<<r<<'\n';i=88;cout<<"i="<<i<<", r="<<r<<'\n';}//i=11,r=11i=88,r=88程序四:#include <iostream.h>int f(int i){ static int k=1;for(;i>0;i--)k +=i;return k;}void main(){ int i;for(i=0;i<5;i++)cout<<f(i)<<" ";}// 1 2 5 11 21程序五:#include <iostream.h>void func();int n=1;void main(){ static int a;int b= -9;cout <<"a:"<<a<<" b:"<<b<<" n:" <<n<<endl;b+=4;func();cout <<"a:"<<a<<" b:"<<b<<" n:"<<n<<endl;n+=10;func();}void func(){ static int a=2; int b=5;a+=2;n+=12;b+=5;cout <<"a:" <<a<<" b:" <<b<<" n:" <<n <<endl;}// a:0 b:-9 n:1a:4 b:10 n:13a:0 b:-5 n:13a:6 b:10 n:35实验二C++对C的扩充一、实验目的1、了解在面向对象程序设计过程中C++对C功能的扩充与增强,并善于在编写程序的过程中应用这些新功能。
1 / 39 面向对象程序设计教程(C++语言描述)题解及课程设计指导 第1章 面向对象程序设计概论
一、 名词解释 抽象封装消息 【问题解答】 面向对象方法中的抽象是指对具体问题(对象)进行概括,抽出一类对象的公共性质并加以描述的过程。 面向对象方法中的封装就是把抽象出来的对象的属性和行为结合成一个独立的单位,并尽可能隐蔽对象的内部细节。 消息是面向对象程序设计用来描述对象之间通信的机制。一个消息就是一个对象要求另一个对象实施某种操作的一个请求。 二、 填空题 (1) 目前有面向过程的结构化程序设计方法和面向对象的程序设计方法两种重要的程序设计方法。 (2) 结构化程序设计方法中的模块由顺序、选择和循环3种基本结构组成。 (3) 在结构化程序设计方法中,程序可表示为程序=数据结构+算法; 而面向对象的程序设计方法,程序可表示为程序=对象+消息。 (4) 结构化程序设计方法中的基本模块是过程; 而面向对象程序设计方法中的基本模块是类。 2 / 39
(5) 面向对象程序设计方法具有抽象性、封装性、继承性和多态性等特点。 三、 选择题(至少选一个,可以多选) (1) 面向对象程序设计着重于( B )的设计。 A. 对象B. 类C. 算法D. 数据 (2) 面向对象程序设计中,把对象的属性和行为组织在同一个模块内的机制叫做( C )。 A. 抽象 B. 继承 C. 封装 D. 多态 (3) 在面向对象程序设计中,类通过( D )及外界发生关系。 A. 对象 B. 类 C. 消息 D. 接口 (4) 面向对象程序设计中,对象及对象之间的通信机制是( C )。 A. 对象 B. 类 C. 消息 D. 接口 (5) 关于C++及C语言的关系的描述中,( D )是错误的。 A. C语言是C++的一个子集 B. C语言及C++是兼容的 C. C++对C语言进行了一些改进 D. C++和C语言都是面向对象的
【结果分析】 C语言是面向过程的。C++语言是一种经过改进的更为优化的C语言,是一种混合型语言,既面向过程也面向对象。 (6) 面向对象的程序设计将数据结构及( A )放在一起,作为一个相互依存、不可分割的整体来处理。 A. 算法 B. 信息 C. 数据隐藏 D. 数据抽象 3 / 39
(7) 下面( A )不是面向对象系统所包含的要素。 A. 重载 B. 对象 C. 类 D. 继承 【结果分析】 面向对象=对象+类+继承+消息+多态 (8) 下面说法正确的是( BC )。 A. 将数据结构和算法置于同一个函数内,即为数据封装 B. 一个类通过继承可以获得另一个类的特性 C. 面向对象要求程序员集中于事物的本质特征,用抽象的观点看待程序 D. 同一消息为不同的对象接受时,产生的行为是一样的,这称为一致性 【结果分析】 面向对象程序设计方法具有抽象性、封装性、继承性和多态性等特点。将数据结构和算法置于同一个类内,即为数据封装。同一消息为不同的对象接受时,产生的行为可能是不一样的,这称为多态性。 (9) 下面说法正确的是( AD )。 A. 对象是计算机内存中的一块区域,它可以存放代码和数据 B. 对象实际是功能相对独立的一段程序 C. 各个对象间的数据可以共享是对象的一大优点 D. 在面向对象的程序中,对象之间只能通过消息相互通信 【结果分析】 4 / 39
对象是计算机内存中的一块区域。在对象中,不但存有数据,而且存有代码,使得每个对象在功能上相互之间保持相对独立。对象之间存在各种联系,但它们之间只能通过消息进行通信。 四、 判断题 (1) 在高级程序设计语言中,一般用类来实现对象,类是具有相同属性和行为的一组对象的集合,它是创建对象的模板。( √ ) (2) C++语言只支持面向对象技术的抽象性、封装性、继承性等特性,而不支持多态性。( × ) 【结果分析】 C++语言不仅支持面向对象技术的抽象性、封装性、继承性等特性,而且支持多态性。 (3) 面向对象程序设计中的消息应该包含“如何做”的信息。( × ) 【结果分析】 消息是面向对象程序设计用来描述对象之间通信的机制。向对象“发送消息”只需告诉对象做什么,对象根据这个消息决定如何做。 (4) 一个消息只能产生特定的响应效果。( × ) 【结果分析】 当一个对象发出消息时,由于接收对象的类型可能不同,所以,它们可能做出不同的反应。这样,一个消息可以产生不同的响应效果,这种现象叫做多态。 (5) 类的设计和类的继承机制实现了软件模块的可重用性。( √ ) 5 / 39
(6) C++语言和Java语言均不是一个纯正的面向对象的程序设计的语言。( × ) 【结果分析】 Java语言是一个纯正的面向对象的程序设计语言。 (7) 学习C++语言是学习面向对象的程序设计方法的唯一途径。( × ) 【结果分析】 程序设计方法是独立于具体程序设计语言的一种技术,学习C++语言是学习面向对象程序设计方法的重要途径之一。 (8) 在C++语言中,类是支持数据封装的工具。( √ ) 五、 简答题 (1) 什么是结构化程序设计方法?它有哪些优点和缺点? 【问题解答】 结构化程序设计方法着眼于系统要实现的功能,从系统的输入输出出发,分析系统要做哪些事情,进而考虑如何做这些事情,自顶向下地对系统的功能进行分解,来建立系统的功能结构和相应的程序模块结构,有效地将一个较复杂的程序系统设计任务分解成许多易于控制和处理的子任务,便于开发和维护。 随着程序规模及复杂性的增长,这种面向过程的结构化程序设计方法存在明显的不足之处。首先是数据安全性问题。由于数据被每个模块所共用,因此是不安全的,一旦出错,很难查明原因。其次是可维护性及可重用性差。它把数据结构和算法分离为相互独立的实体,一旦6 / 39
数据结构需要改变时,常常要涉及整个程序,修改工作量极大并容易产生新的错误。每一种相对于老问题的新方法都要带来额外的开销。另外,图形用户界面的应用程序,很难用过程来描述和实现,开发和维护也都很困难。 (2) 什么是面向对象程序设计方法?它有哪些优点? 【问题解答】 面向对象的程序设计方法中,将程序设计为一组相互协作的对象而不是一组相互协作的函数。在程序中,属性用数据表示,用来描述对象静态特征; 行为用程序代码实现,用来描述对象动态特征。可见,在面向对象的程序设计方法中,对象是数据结构和算法的封装体。对象之间存在各种联系,它们之间通过消息进行通信。程序可表示为:
程序=对象+消息 在面向对象程序设计中应着重于类的设计。类正是面向对象语言的基本程序模块,通过类的设计来完成实体的建模任务。类通过一个简单的外部接口及外界发生关系。一个类中的操作不会处理到另一个类中的数据,这样程序模块的独立性、数据的安全性就有了良好的保障。程序的执行取决于事件发生的顺序,由顺序产生的消息来驱动程序的执行。不必预先确定消息产生的顺序,更符合客观世界的实际。并且面向对象程序设计方法提供了软件重用、解决大问题和复杂问题的有效途径,具有抽象性、封装性、继承性和多态性等特点。 7 / 39
(3) 结构化程序设计方法及面向对象程序设计方法在对待数据结构和算法关系上有 什么不同? 【问题解答】 结构化程序设计方法中,把数据结构和算法分离为相互独立的实体; 而在面向对象程序设计中,数据结构和算法封装在一起,结合成一个独立的单位,即对象,并尽可能隐蔽对象的内部细节。对象的私有属性只能由这个对象的行为来读取和修改,及外部的联系通过公有行为充当外部接口。
第 2 章
从C到C++
面向对象程序设计教程(C++语言描述)题解及课程设计指导
第2章 从C到 C++ 8 / 39
一、 名词解释 引用内联函数重载函数 【问题解答】 所谓引用就是给对象取一个别名,使用该别名可以存取该对象。换句话说是使新对象和原对象共用一个地址。 内联函数是使用inline关键字声明的函数。 重载函数指在同一个作用域内名字相同而参数不同的函数。重载函数通常用来对具有相似行为而数据类型或数据个数不同的操作提供—个通用的名称。 二、 填空题 (1) 一般情况下,用C++语言编写的程序是由函数加上类组成的。 (2) C++有两种注释符号,一种是//,另一种是 /*……*/。 (3) 使用C++风格的输入输出,在程序中必须包含头文件“iostream”。 (4) cin是预定义的标准输入流对象,>>是输入操作符,也称提取运算符。 (5) cout是预定义的标准输出流对象,<入运算符。 (6) 指针的值是它所指向那个对象的地址值。指针的类型是它所指向对象的类型。指针的内容便是它所指向对象的值。 9 / 39
(7) C++使用运算符&来定义一个引用,对引用的存取都是对它所引用的对象的存取。 (8) 当一个函数调用出现在函数定义之前时,必须先用函数原型对函数进行声明。 (9) C++有值传递和引用传递两种参数传递机制。 (10) 使用关键字inline声明的函数称为内联函数。 (11) 运算符new用于进行动态内存分配,运算符delete用于释放动态分配的内存。 (12) 下面程序的输出结果为x=10,y=10;
x=100,y=100。 #include using namespace std; int main() { int x=10,&y=x; cout<<"x="