近五年高考英语语法填空真题解析
2018 年高考题
【2018·全国 I】
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years ___61___(long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long___62___(see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of ___63___ (die) early by running. While running regularly cann't make you live forever, the review says it ___64___ (be) more effective at lengthening life___65___ walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also
made a study published in 2014___66___showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___67___(cause).
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise it's probably running . To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to___68___(strength)your leg muscles( 肌肉 ),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's
always___69___(energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give___70___a try.
【答案】 61. longer 62. to see 63. dying 64. is 65. than 66. that which 67. causes 68. strength 69. energetic 70. it unning
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了跑步的好处，它可以帮助人们延年益寿。
63.考查动名词。你也许喝酒、吸烟或超重，但仍然通过跑步会减少早亡的风险。此处
of 是介词，其后用动名词。故填dying。
64.考查动词的时态。医学报告显示：跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。
这里叙述的是一个事实，故用一般现在时。故填is。
65.考查比较句型。跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地延长寿命。根据文章中的 more effective 可知此处填 than。
66. 考查定语从句的关系词。此处 a study 是先行词，其在定语从句中作主语，故填that 或 which 。
2017 年高考题
【 2017 ·全国卷Ⅰ】
There has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less
salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community( 医学界 ) a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food (be) full of fat and salt; by (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat
than they need in their diet.
Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃点心 ) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, is not good for the health.
【答案与解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了对于食物中的脂肪和盐分，人们的态度不一。脂肪和盐
分对于健康来说是必不可少的，但如果人们摄入过多的脂肪和盐分，自身的健康将会受到损
害。
61. as考查介词。这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的。as表示“作为”，故填 as。
62. effects 考查名词复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些意料之外的副作用”，根据前文的 some 可知副作用有很多，故填 effects。
66. worse考查比较级。更糟糕的是，人们所吃的快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。
67.is 考查主谓一致。 fast food 的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语
动词用单数形式。故填 is。
68. eating考查动名词。根据前文中的by 可知此处应该填eat 的动名词形式。故填eating。
69. careful考查形容词。分析语境可知be 后面应该用形容词作表语，故填careful。
