租船合同装卸时间定义

装运时间（Time of shipment）什么是装运时间装运时间又称装运期，是指卖方将合同规定的货物装上运输工具或交给承运人的期限。

履行FOB、CIF、CFR的合同时，卖方只需在装运港将货物装上船，取得代表货物所有权的单据，就完成交货任务。

因此，装运时间(Time of Shipment)和交货时间(Time of Delivery)是同一概念，在采用其他价格术语成交时，“装运”与“交货”是两个完全不同的概念。

装运时间是合同中的一项重要条款。

在合同签订后，卖方能否按规定的装运时间交货，直接关系到买方能否及时取得货物，已满足其生产、消费或转售的需要。

因此，《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》第33条规定卖方必须按合同规定的时间交货。

有些西方国家法律规定，如果卖方未按合同规定的时间交货，即构成卖方的违约行为，买方有权撤销合同，并要求卖方赔偿其损失。

[1] 装运时间的规定方法[1]国际贸易合同中，对装运期的规定方法一般有以下几种：1、明确规定具体装运时间。

这种规定的方法可以是在合同中订明某年某月装或某年跨月装，或某年某季度装，或跨年跨月装等。

但装运时间一般不确定在某一个日期上，而只是确定在某一段时间内，如“1998年5月分交货（装运）”；“1991年11月15日前装运”。

这里需注意，按有关惯例的解释，凡是“以前”字样的规定，一般不包括那一个指定的日期。

这种规定方法，期限具体，含义明确，双方不至于因在交货时间的理解和解释上产生分歧，因此，在合同中采用较普遍。

2、规定在收到信用证后若干天或若干月内装运。

例如在合同中订明：“收到信用证后45天内装运”，“收到信用证后3个月内装运”等。

主要适用于下列情况：1）按买方要求的花色、品种和规格或专为某一地区或某商号生产的商品，或一旦买方拒绝履约难以转售的商品，为防止遭受经济损失，则可采用此种规定方法。

2）在一些外汇管制较严的国家或地区，或实行进口许可证或进口配额的国家，合同签订后，买方因申请不到进口许可证或其国家不批准外汇，迟迟不开信用证。

租船用语通俗谈（1）(2007-01-10 09:08:37)分类：船舶租赁六、受载期(LAYDAY、LAYDAYS) 多数的专业字典与书藉将此用语译为装卸日期或装卸天数，有的还解释为“租船合同中规定的装货和卸货天数”。

我对这种翻译与解释不持任何反对意见，但觉得至少在程租中应译作“受载期”为宜，因为期租合同中已有交船还船的规定与条款，在此期内装卸货日期与船东无甚关系。

反之，程租合同中没有交船还船的说法，因此开始受载相当于程租的实际运作业已开始。

例如某船的受载期为2月5日至10日，即该船2月5日至10日这一期内的任一时刻到达指定地点且作好一切受载准备，程租人则有义务接受此船。

若将LAYDAY(S)在程租中视作装货或卸货日期或天数，则会被人误解为2月5日是装货必须开始的日期，2月10日是装货必须终止的时间。

实际上根本不是这回事，即使2月10日也可开始装货, 至于装货规定在何日结束则是另一回事。

所以LAYDAY(S) 宜译为受载期，即2月5日至10日期间内(包括5日与10日当天)，皆可受载，船东有义务把船在此期内赶到指定地点且作妥一切受载准备，而程租人有义务在此期内给船受载。

所以早期丁．贝斯著的《租船与航运用语》 (1960年英文版)中认为LAYDAY一词有装卸天数与受载期的双重用途。

七、装卸时间(LAYTIME) LAYTIME与LAYDAY(S)应有不同，LAY-DAY 是受载期，LAYTIME才是装货或卸货的时间，而且LAYTIME不是指日期上的限制(如2月5日至10日)，而在某些场合下LAYTIME是指时间上的限制(如5天或120小时)，所以LAYTIME宜称为装卸时间。

八、合同解除日期(CANCELLING DATE) 租家与船东所订的日期, 即船未能在规定的期内抵达指定地点或未能作妥受载准备，租家即可在合同解除日期的那天取消合同。

此用语多出现在期租中，因为程租另有一用语“LAYCAN”替代。

（日租租船）daily charter（货物确卸报告）definite outturn report “遵循先例”原则stare decisis1924您英国海上货物运输法COGSA,1924 1950年波罗的海国际航运工会和英国航运总工会航次租船合同战争条款the Baltic & international maritime conference the chamber of shipping of the UK War Risks Clauses Charter 1950 V oywar 19931950年航次租船合同战争条款voywar 1950 1978年联合国海上货物运输公约United Nation Convention of the Carriage of Goods by Sea,19781980年租船合同装卸时间定义charter party laytime definitions, 19801995年国际航运改革法案Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 199524小时晴天工作日weather working days of24 hoursa competent court有管辖权的法院a contract of carriage of goods by sea海上货物运输合同a Contracting State缔约国a diligent carrier勤勉的承运人a formal instrument 正式文件a forwarding agent 运输代理人a joint survey or inspection联合检查或检验a place of business营业所a port in contracting state缔约国港口a received-for-shipment bill of lading收货待运提单a safe port or place near the port of destination目的港邻近的安全港口a shipped bill of lading已装船提单a shipping agent 船务代理人a special annotation特别注明a third party acting in good faith善意第三人a third party第三方abandonment委付acceptance接受accession加入accident report海事报告act of god 天灾act or omission行为或不行为action for indemnity追偿诉讼actual carrier实际承运人actual port of discharge实际卸货港actually deliver实际交付advanced B/L预借提单agent代理人aggregate of the amounts recoverable赔偿金额总数agreed period议定的期限anti-date B/L倒签提单apparent condition外表状况applicable rules of the law适用的法律规则approval认可arbitration tribunal仲裁庭arbitration仲裁arbitrator仲裁员a rrival notice到达通知书arrived vessel到达船article of transport运输器具assignment转让ational shippingbagged free袋费免除ballasting 压舱basis of liability责任基础be negotiated with endorsement to order记名背书bearer bill of lading不记名提单before and at the beginning of the voyage开航前和开航当时benefit of insurance保险利益berth charter泊位租船合同berth terms泊位条款bill of lading提单Blank B/L open B/L bearer B/L（不记名提单）blank B/L不记名提单booking note 托运单booking 订舱both-to-blame collision clause互有责任碰撞条款boxed free 装箱免费branch分支机构brokerage commission clause佣金条款bulk cargo散装货burden of proving举证责任C（矿石）7租船合同（C (ORE)7 Mediterranean Iron Orecanceling date解约日cancellation of contract合同的解除canvassion 揽货care for照料cargoworthy适货carriage free 运费免除Carriage of goodscarriage of goods by sea海上货物运输carriage of goods 货物运输carriage prepaid运费预付carrier承运人cased free 包装费不另计算casing extra 包装费另计cause of action诉因charter party B/L租船提单charterer承租人chartering broker 租船经纪人Chartering marker supply side demand side chartering process/procedurecharter-party租船合同claimant索赔人claim索赔classification of vessel 船级Clean B/L foul B/Lclean B/L 清洁提单combined transport B/L多式联运提单Combined transport operatorcommission佣金Common Carrier公共承运人concealed damage 隐藏损害conference freight/freight rate协定运费Conference公会consignee收货人consolidated B/L并提单constant船舶常数container freight station(CFS)集装箱货运站container load plan(CLP)装箱单container terminal集装箱码头container yard(CY)集装箱堆场container集装箱contract carrier契约承运人contract of affreightment 包运租船contract of carriage of goods by sea海上货物运输合同contractual stipulations合同条款contribution in general average共同海损分摊damage of detention滞期损失dangerous goods危险货物dead freight亏舱费deadweight tonnage载货能力deadweight tonnage载重吨deck cargo舱面货declaration in writing书面声明delay in delivery迟延交付delivery of Goods货物交付delivery order 提货单delivery交船demise charter 光船租船demurrage days 滞期日数Demurrage runs continuously, once on demurrage, always on demurrage, dispatch money, all working time saveddemurrage滞期费despatch money 速遣费destroy销毁deviation 绕航deviation绕航direct B/L直达提单discharging 卸货dispatch速遣费dispute争端dock receipt(D/R)场站收据document of title 物权凭证dry cargo干货due diligence 克尽职责endorsement in blank空白背书entrust委托equipment interchange receipt(EIR)设备交接单evidentiary effect证据效力exercise due diligence谨慎处理express agreement明文协议expressly agreed upon明确议定fault过失Force majeure and perilforce majeure不可抗力foul B/L 不清洁提单free in (F.I.)舱内收货条款free in and out (F.I.O.)舱内收交货free in and out ,stowed and trimmed (FIOST)舱内收交货，堆舱、平舱条款free out(F.O.)舱内交货条款freight account 运费清单freight payable应付运费freight prepaid ,advance freight预付运费freight to collect, freight payable at destination到付运费freight to collect到付运费freight运费GENCON 金康合同general average共同海损goods/cargo货物goods-office/freight-department货运办公室gross weight毛重guarantee保证habitual residence通常住所Hague Rules 海牙规则Hamburg Rule s汉堡规则handle搬移holder of the B/L 提单持有人house B/L货代提单in apparent good condition.外表状况良好in apparent goods order and condition表面状况良好in charge of the goods掌管货物incorporation clause并入条款indemnity赔偿independent contractor独立合同人inherent vice 固有缺陷inspect and tally检验和清点intended fraud有意诈骗interested person利害关系人Intermodal B/LIntermodal/ combined/ multimodal transport B/Linternational law国际法interpellation clause质询条款issue to the shipper a bill of lading签发提单judicial or arbitral proceedings司法或仲裁程序judicial proceedings司法程序jurisdiction管辖权landing weight 卸货重量latent defect潜在缺陷layday受载期laytime装卸时间leading marks主要标志legal character法律性质less than container cargo load(LCL)拼箱letter of guarantee 保函letter of indemnity/trust receipt 赔偿保证书(信托收据)lien and exception clause留置权与免责条款lien留置权lightening驳运lighter驳船lighterage驳运费Limit of liabilitylimits of liability责任限额Liner B/L charter party B/Lliner B/L班轮提单liner term班轮条款live animals活动物Load, handle, stow, carry, keep, carry for, discharge ；due diligenceloading 装船Long form B/L short form B/Llong form B/L全式提单longshoreman码头装卸工人loss of or damage to the goods货物的灭失、损坏loss of right权利的丧失make a claim提出索赔make a note in the bill of lading在提单上批注mandatory provisions强制性规定manifest舱单mark or label标志或标签master-roll 船员名册mate’s receipt 大副收据/收货单minimum B/L最低运费提单monetary units货币单位multimodal Transport Contract多式联运合同nationality of vessel 船籍navigable waters可航水域near clause临近条款neglect疏忽negotiable B/L 可转让提单New Jason clause新杰森条款non-contractual claims非合同索赔non-Negotiable B/L不可转让提单non-vessel operating common carrier无船承运人Normal lossnotice in writing书面通知Notice of claimNotice of loss damagenotice of readiness装卸准备就绪通知书notice通知notify party 通知人null and void无效number of packages or pieces包数或件数NYPE 纽约土产格式ocean Bill of Lading (Ocean B/L)off hire停租omnibus B/L并提单on board B/L 已装船提单On board/shipped B/L received for shipment B/Lon deck B/L舱面货提单on demand of the shipper应托运人的要求optional discharge B/L选卸港提单optional ports of discharge备选卸货港order bill of lading指示提单original Bill of Lading正本提单originals正本Overland Common Point (OCP)内陆公共点owner of the goods 货主package件pallet货盘paramount clause首要条款parcel receipt B/L包裹提单parcel receipt 包裹收据particulars furnished by shipper由托运人提供Period of responsibility clauseperiod of responsibility责任期间place of the arrest扣留地plaintiff原告defendant被告port charter港口租船合同port of discharge卸货港port of loading装货港preliminary voyage clause预备航次条款preliminary voyage预备航次prepaid freight预付运费prima facie evidence初步证据principal place of business主要营业所proof to the contrary 相反证据provisional or protective measures临时性或保护性措施quarantine restrictions检疫限制ratification批准reasonable dispatch合理速遣received for shipment B/L 收货待运提单redelivery还船registered tonnage登记吨revision or amendment修订或修改right of recourse追索权running/consecutive days 连续天数safe berth 安全泊位safe port 安全港scope of application适用范围scope of one’s employment受雇范围sea protest/master’s report海事声明sea waybill海运单seagoing ship海运船舶seaworthiness 适航seaworthy trim适航平衡seaworthy适航seizure under legal process司法扣押separate B/L分提单servant受雇人set forth demurrage支付滞期费ship owner船东shipper托运人shipping advice 装船通知shipping charges/commission 装运费shipping documents 装运单据shipping invoice 装运单/载货单shipping order 装货单shipping permit 准装货单shipping practices海运惯例shipping unit货运单位shipping weight/in-take-weight 装运重量ship's certificate of registry 船泊登记证书ship's log 航海日记short form B/L简式提单Special Drawing Right特别提款权special inherent risks特殊潜在风险split B/L分提单State currency and method of payment; also beneficiary and bank accountstow积载straight (Consignment) B/L记名提单Straight B/L（记名提单）order B/L straight bill of lading记名提单sublet转租substitute vessel 替代船supplementary provisions补充规定suspected bill 有疑问提单switch B/L转换提单take delivery of the goods提取货物take over接管Terms & Conditionsthe carrying vessel载货船舶the contribution in general average共同海损的分摊the holder of the bill of lading提单持有人the management of the ship管理船舶the multimodal transport operator 多式联运经营人the navigation of the ship驾驶船舶the negotiability of a bill of lading提单的转让the port of discharge卸货港the port of loading装货港through carriage联运time charter on trip basis t航次期租time charter 定期租船time-bar时效to assume obligations承担义务to be bagged用袋装to be baled用捆包to be boxed 用纸箱包装to be cased/to be encased用木箱包装to be jointly and severally liable负连带责任to be matted 用席包to bring an action against提起诉讼to exercise one’s right行使其权利to furnish security提供保证金to give all reasonable facilities提供一切合理的便利to have the same effect具有同等效力to pay compensation赔偿to remain bound by受约束tonnage of ship船舶吨位transport documents运输单证transport documents运输单证transshipment 转船提单unit of account记帐单位units of account记帐单位unloading/discharging/landing 卸货usage of the particular trade特定的贸易惯例valid有效vessel’s position船舶动态voyage charter 航次租船W.W.D;SHEX, unless used: weather working day, Sunday and holiday excepted, unless used, (but only time actually used to count ) waiver弃权War or armed conflictway-bill/invoice 托运单working days 工作日不公平定价行为unfair pricing practices不定期船运输tramp service不定期船运输tramp shipping不清洁/清洁收货单foul/clean receipt不适宜货物unsuitable cargo严格责任strict liability严重/轻微缺陷major/minor defects中国班轮公会China conference中租期租船合同SINO TIME中间性条款intermediate term临界货物marginal cargo亏舱运费dead freight亏舱运费dead freight互有过失碰撞条款both to blame collision clause交换提单switch B/L交货记录delivery record仓库交货delivery ex-warehouse代理费agency fee代码code name任何冰冻区域any ice-bound place佣金commission佣金支付on signing the contract; on shipment of cargo; based on freight earned佣金条款brokerage commission clause保护代理人owner’s protective agent保温集装箱insulated container保证条款warranty保证条款warranty clause保赔协会P & I Club 倒签提单anti-date B/L停租off hire允许24小时条款twenty-four hours allowance clause先到先复first come first served光船租船A/B式合同BARECON A/B光船租船bare boat charter光船租船bare boat charter光船租船bareboat/demise charter免除除鼠证书deratting exemption certificate 入港申请书declaration inward vessel全损total loss全部交运合同exclusive patronage contract （保护合同）全集装箱船full container ship公会运价本conference tariff公共承运人common carrier公共承运人public carrier公证人notary public公费费率conference rate共同海损general average关于修订统一提单若干法律问题的国际公约的议定书protocol to amend the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bill of Lading, The 1968 Brussels Protocol兼用型convertible type内陆站inland depot支线运输feeder service冰冻条款general ice clause冷藏货物refrigerated cargo动植物livestock and plants冷藏集装箱refrigerated container冷藏集装箱清单list of reafer container净吨位Net towage减量常数constant凭保证书交付delivery against letter of guarantee (L/G)出口载货清单export M/F出港费clearance fee分提单separate B/L分期购买purchase on installment初步证据prima facie evidence到付运费freight to collect到货通知书arrival notice到达引航站交船on arrival pilot station APS 到达船舶arrival ship前方堆场marshalling yard前方堆场调度yard planning剩余舱位报告space report副本copy办公室administration office加尔各答班轮公会Calcutta conference加载清单additional cargo list包箱费率box rate包装不充分insufficient packing包裹提单parcel receipt B/L包运租船contract of affreightment, COA北欧联营集团SCANDUTCH北美化肥航次租船合同North American Fertilizer Charter Party “FERTIVOT”北美谷物航次租船合同North American Grain Charter Party (NORGRAIN)半集装箱semi-container ship危险品清单dangerous cargo list危险货dangerous cargo危险货物安全装卸证书dangerous cargo sage stowage certificate危险货物清单dangerous cargo list卸货discharging卸货代理人landing agent卸货地订舱home booking卸货报告outturn report卸货报告outturn report卸货数量delivery quantity卸货方式kind of delivery卸货记录discharging statement卸货费用landing charge厂商（或私用）合同格式private C/P form 双重运价制dual rate system反还价/反还盘recounter offer取消货载清单cancelled cargo list受控制承运人controlled carrier受货人receiver受载期laycan受载期layday可用时间laytime allowed可调剂使用的装卸时间reversible laydays 合同费率contract rate合法货物lawful merchandise合理速遣reasonable dispatch吊上吊下型lift on/lift off , LO/LO同一责任制uniform liability system哈特法Harter Act,1893商品对运费的负担能力what the traffic can bear商品的运价表commodity rate freight rate善意good faith回扣rebate固定最低费率协定fixed rate agreement minimum国际公路货物运输公约CMR 国际商会ICC国际标准化组织104急速委员会ISO/TC 104 international organization for standardization technical committee 104国际私法统一协会UNIDROIT国际航运intern国际货运协会联合会（菲亚塔）FIATA International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associaton国际铁路货物运输公约CIM在可抵达的泊位交船at the reachable berths 场站收据dock receipt: D/R均一费率freight all kinds, FAK基本港口base port基本运价/费率base rate基本运费basic rate堆场/货运站货物CY/CFS cargo备注栏remark多式联运经营人multi-modal transport operator, MTO多时联运经营人combined transport operator CTO大副chief officer契约港口contract port契约货物contractual cargo威尔士煤炭租船合同Chamber of Shipping Walsh Coal Charter Party完全自由竞争perfect competition定期租船time charter定期租船time/period charter定期租船合同Time Charter Party (ASATIME/NYPE FORM)定期租船合同Time Charter Party (ASBATIME/NYPE FORM)实交数量total delivery实用时间laytime used宣载declaration密码private code对物诉讼action in rem封存点point of laying-up封闭式/开放式公会close/open conference 层次tier已收运费freight earned巴尔的摩C式Baltime Berth Charter Party Steamer幅层row平台集装箱plat container并提单omnibus B/L并装提单combined B/L序号serial number底盘车chassis延期回扣制deferred rebate system延续期间period of deferment引航员登轮交船on taking inward pilot: TIP 往返航次租船return trip charter待提集装箱（货物）报告report of undelivery container (cargo )待时记录stand-by time record忠诚信约loyalty contract总吨位Gross tonnage战斗船fighting boat所有人代理人owner’s agent所有人代码owner coder托运单booking note, B/N批注remarks报价/发盘/报价供租offer报关行customs broker报实盘firm offer拥挤congestion拼箱货less than container cargo load or less than container loaded cargo指定船舶named vessel按同样的日per like day按比例调整条款escalation clause按港口习惯尽快装卸customary quick dispatch C.Q.D损害修理条款damage protection plan: D.D.P排水吨Displacement tonnage接受订租acceptance（受盘）提前终止条款early termination clause提单持有人holder of the B/L提货单delivery order提货单delivery order, D/O提货通知书delivery notice揽载canvassion收货人consignee收货单mate’s receipt :M/R敞顶集装箱open top container散装货bulk cargo散货bulk cargo散件货物break bulk cargo散货集装箱solid bulk container斯堪的纳维亚航次租船合同Scandinavian V oyage Charter (SCANCON )方便旗flag of convenience旅客名单passenger manifest无线电话频率VHF无船承运人non-vessel operating carrier, NVOC无船承运人non-vessel operating common carrier 无论靠泊与否whether in berth or not无货交付non delivery无货出口export cargo nil无货进口import cargo nil日报单daily report日租租船daily charter早期还船underlap易腐货perishable cargo普尔煤炭航次租船合同Coal V oyage Charter (POLCOALVOY)普通货船conventional ship最低运费提单minimum B/L最后航次final voyage最大载重量max. gross weight最终证据conclusive evidence最适宜货物prime suitable containerizable cargo杂货general cargo杂货集装箱dry cargo container权益转让书letter of subrogation条件条款condition条件条款condition clause标准租船合同格式standard C/P form格槽cell框架集装箱flat rack container检疫证书free pratique检量员swom measure正面条款front page clause比例运费pro rate freight比例运费propriate freight水湿rain & fresh warter damage, R.F.W.D汗湿sweat污染stain汽车集装箱car container油轮航次租船合同Tanker V oyage Charter Party, ASBATANKVOY泊位合同berth charter泊位或码头berth or pier波罗的海国际航运公会Baltic International Maritime Conference波罗的海国际航运工会BIMCO波罗的海白海航运公会the Baltic and White Sea Conference海水湿sea water damage混票mixture混载型combination type清洗油舱证明书tank cleaning certificate港务当局port authority港口合同port charter溢卸overlanded滚装型roll on/roll off, RO/RO滞期损失damage for detention满载货物a full and complete cargo澳大利亚谷物租船合同Australian Grain Charter Party, AUSTRAL灭鼠证书deratting certificate烟草清单list of tobacco烧损loss caused by Fire焦损smoken熏蒸fumigation燃料品质条款bunker quality clause燃油/选卸/变更卸货港/绕航/港口拥挤费/超额责任附加费bunker surcharge: BS or bunker adjustment factor : BAF; optional additional; alteration of destination additional; deviation surcharge; port congestion surcharge; additional for excess of liability牲畜集装箱hide container特别提款权special drawing right, S.D.R特种货物special cargo特种集装箱special container独立行动权利independent action现场记录on-the-spot record现场记录on-the-spot record班轮公会conference or shipping ring班轮公会行动守则公约convention on a code of conduct for liner conference班轮条款liner term; berth term; FAS free alongside ship班轮运输liner service班轮运输liner shipping理货人tally man or checker理货员tally clerk理货申请书application for tally理货组长chief tallyman理货计数单tally sheet理货证明书tally certificate由承租人选择in charterer’s option甲板积载证明书deck cargo certificate电子数据交换系统electronic data interchange, EDI留底counterfoil监督代理人supervisory agent直达direct B/L transshipment B/L or through B/L真正联系genuine link短卸shortlanded短缺shortage码头前沿apron破损breakage禁止反供原则estopple禁止流通non negotiable 私人物品清单list of crew’s baggages私承运人private carrier租箱合同container lease agreement租船合同下的提单charter party B/L租船经纪人chartering broker租购方式lease purchase积载不当bad stowage积载检验报告stowage survey report空白背书endorsement in blank笨件awkward cargo笨重货heavy cargo管理代理人husbanding agent箱位slot索赔清单statement of claims纸质文件paper document纽约土产交易所New York Produce Conference细节另订subject to details经纪人broker经纪人佣金brokerage commission经营人operator统一定期租船合同Uniform Time Charter (Baltime)统一提单若干法律问题的国际公约International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bill of Lading统一杂货租船合同Uniform General Charter (GENCON )统一杂货租船合同uniform general charter GENCON统筹分配收入pooling（公摊制）统筹货物/港口pool port/cargo维修车间maintenance shop or repair shop罐状集装箱tank container; liquid container 网状责任制network liability system美国1984年航运法the Shipping Act of 1984,USA美国威尔士煤炭合同Americanized Walsh Coal Charter美国联邦海事委员会FMC联营consortia腐烂、变质mould & milder自动递增条款escalation clause自由费率open rate航次代理agency on trip basis航次期租船time charter on trip basis, TCT 航次期租船time charter on trip basis: TCT 航次租船voyage charter航次租船voyage/trip charter单航次租船single trip charter航行区域trade limit舱位登记簿space book舱面货on deck B/L船公司立场ship side船名name of vessel船员名单crew manifest船员雇佣合同crewing agreement船期表service schedule船用物料清单list of ship’s store船籍证书certificate of ship’s nationality船级classification of vessel船舶开放等级制度open registry system船舶待指定vessel to be named船舶积载图stowage plan船舶经营人（或承租人）代理人operator’s agent船边交货alongside delivery船长声明书statement by ship’s mater英国航运公会British Chamber of shipping 英国航运总会GCBS英国船舶经纪人和代理人协会联盟FONASBA虫蛀鼠蛀rats and/or vermin表定费率tariff rate装/卸准备就绪通知书notice of readiness N/R NOR装卸人（装卸业者）stevedore装卸共用时间all purpose装卸操作不当rough handling装卸时间laytime装卸时间事实记录laytime statement of facts SOF装卸时间均算right to average laydays装卸时间表time sheet装箱单container load plan: CLP装箱单packing list装船loading装船证书certificate of loading装货单shipping order, S/O (下货纸，关单) 装货数量intaken quantity装货清单loading list, L/L解约日canceling date解约日canceling date解约日cancelling date计算期account period计费标准freight basis订租确认书fixture note订租确认书fixture note订舱booking订舱函电booking memo议价货物/费率open cargo/rate 记名背书special endorsement设备交接单equipment receipt: E/R诉讼时time bar询价inquiry （询盘）quote询问条款interpellation clause误卸mislanded谷物泊位租船合同Berth Grain Charter Party ( BALTIMEORE FROM C)谷物证书grain cargo certificate责任人duty officer货主的立场dock side货主选择卸货港交付optional delivery货名description of goods货方merchant货物减损单broken & damage cargo list货物所有人owner of the goods货物查询单cargo tracer货物残损检验证书inspection certificate-damage & shortage货物溢短单overloaded & shortloaded cargo list货物积载图stowage plan货物积载计划stowage plan质询条款interpellation clause购买选择权租赁条件leasing with option to purchase贸发会united nations conference on trade and development, UNCTAD费率本费率tariff rate赔偿条款indemnity起货机手winch man超期还船overlap超重/超长/直航/转船/港口附加费hevylift/long length/direct/transipment/port additional跨位bay跨运车straddle carrier转租subletting转运条款transshipment clause载货清单manifest, M/F（舱单）载货运费清单freight manifest: M/F（运费清单，运费舱单）载重吨Dead weight tonnage载重量deadweight capacity过驳清单boat note, B/N过驳清单批注boat note remark运价freight rate运价动议制rate initiative运费freight运费协定rate making agreement运输劳务的价格price of transport service运量合同quantity/volume contract还价/还盘counter offer进口申请单import declaration进口许可证import permit进口货物舱单cargo manifest进口货物舱单manifest of cargo in transit远东班轮水脚公会far eastern freight conference, F.E.F.C远洋运输ocean shipping违禁品contraband连续24小时晴天工作日weather working day of 24 consecutive hours连续单航次或连续往返航次租船consecutive single or continuous return voyage charter连续日running days; consecutive days适宜货物suitable containerizable cargo适航平衡seaworthy trim选港货option cargo选港货optional cargo通知书notify party通知人notify party通知时间notice time通风集装箱ventilated container部分损失partial loss重件货物heavy cargo重货heavy lifts锈蚀rust错误申报incorrect statement长件货物lengthy cargo长期代理agency long-term basis门卫gate门式起重机transtainer阻碍或延误hinder or delay附加运费surcharge附有某种财政优惠条件with a financial flavor附近港条款the near clause隔热集装箱insulated produce container集装箱专用列车container unit train集装箱发放通知单equipment interchange order集装箱后方堆场container yard, CY集装箱海关公约CCC集装箱装卸作业区container terminal集装箱货运站container freight station, CFS 集装货full container cargo load: FCL非合同货主non-contract shipper非标准合同格式non-standard C/P form靠泊anchorage预付时间的问题payable on completion of loading / on signing of B/L /on arrival to destination / on arrival to destination预付运费prepaid freight; freight in advance 预借提单advanced B/L预备航次preliminary voyage预计到达时间estimated time of arrival, ETA 首要条款paramount clause驳船费lighterage。

【租船合同】航次租船合同是否是租船合同，租船合同有哪些海事律师一、航次租船合同是租船合同吗？航次租船合同虽然名字上叫租船合同，但实际上是货物运输合同。

所谓的船舶租用合同，是船舶出租人和承租人之间就出租人向承租人提供约定的船舶，由承租人在租期内按约定使用船舶，并由承租人支付租金的一种协议。

它包括定期租船合同和光船租船合同两种形式。

（一）航次租船合同的概念及特征航次租船合同（Voyage Charter Party），亦称航程租船合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供船舶的全部或部分舱位，装运约定的货物，从一港运至另一港，由承租人支付约定运费的合同。

航次租船合同属于运输合同，但有别于班轮运输合同。

航次租船合同的主要特征有：（1）航次租船合同一般都有完整的合同格式，比较系统地规定出租人和承租人的权利和义务；（2）有关航次租船合同的法律规定都属于任意性规范，仅在合同没有约定的情况下适用，故合同当事人的订约自由度较大；（3）航次租船合同一般都有装卸时间、滞期费、速遣费的约定；（4）提单在航次租船合同下的作用与班轮运输不同，航次租船合同下签发的提单，在承租人手里仅仅作为货物的收据和物权凭证。

承租人和出租人的权利义务依据租船合同约定。

（二）航次租船合同的主要内容航次租船合同的主要内容有：出租人和承租人的名称、船名、船舶国籍、载货重量、容积、货物名称、装货港和卸货港、受载期限、装卸期限、运费、滞期费和速遣费、合同的解除、留置权条款、承租人的责任终止条款、互有责任碰撞条款、新杰森条款、共同海损条款、提单条款、罢工条款、战争条款、冰冻条款、仲裁条款、佣金条款。

1.出租人和承租人出租人（Shipowner）一般是船舶所有人，或者是船舶的光船租赁人或定期租船承租人，合同中必须写明出租人的全称。

承租人一般为货主，但也有不是货主的情况，有时可能是货运代理人，货运代理人从货主处揽取货物，再以自己的名义与出租人签订航次租船合同。

2.船舶的说明出租人必须对船舶的情况（主要包括船舶名称、船舶国籍、载重量与容积）作如实的陈述，从而使船舶特定化，因为它是承租人是否租用船舶的重要依据，也是合同的主要条款。

ABT about 大约ABV above 以上ACCT account 由...承担，租船人，租家ADV advise 通知ADD address 地址AFMT after fix main terms 主要条款定下之后AGT agent代理ARBI arbitration 仲裁BBB before breaking bulk 开舱卸货前B/DAYS banking days 银行工作日BENDS.BE both ends 指装卸两头（港）BGD bagged 袋装的BLK bulk 散装（货）BS/L bills of lading 提单BSS 1/1 bases 以一个装港一个卸港为基准BW AD brackish water arrival draft 船到卸港的吃水CHOPT charterers’ option 租家选择CHRTS charterers 租船人，租家CO charterers option 租家选择COMM commission 佣金COUNTER 还盘C/P charter party 租约C.Q.D customary quick dispatch 按港口习惯速度尽快装卸CVS consecutive voyageDFD demurrage/despatch 滞期/速遣DHD demurrage/free despatchDOP droppint outward pilotDRRK derrick 吊杆DWAT deadweight all toldDWCC deadweight cargo capacityEIU even if used 即使使用ETA expected time of arrival 预抵时间ETD expected time of departure 预离时间FHINC Fridays and holidays includedFIO free in & free out 船东不负责装/卸费FIOST free in,out, stowed（理舱）trimmed （平舱）FILO free in , liner out 船东不负责装，但负责卸FLT full liner term 全班轮条款，即船东负责装/卸费FLWS follows 下列FRT freight 运费FW AD fresh water arrival draft GENCON,GCN 金康合同GROSS TERMS liner termsIAC including Address Commission（租家佣金）IACS international association of classification societies 国际船级社LIFO liner in, free out 船东负责装，但不负责卸LYCN laycan laytime and cancel timeL/D loading/discharging 装/卸MIN 至少FLUSIT TWNMOLOO more or less at owners option 增减由船东选择NAABSA more or less at charterers option 增减由租家选择NOR notice of readiness船舶备安通知NOM nominated 指定的OAP over age premium 船的超龄保险OFFER 报盘OO owners option 船东选择OPTN option 选择OWRS owners 船东PART CGO part cargo 拼装P & I CLUB protection and indemnity associations 船东互保协会PPT prompt 即装，马上要装PMT per Metric Ton 每公吨PWWD per weather working day 每晴天工作日RCVRS receivers 收货人SBA safe berth anchor 安全锚地区性泊位SBP safe berth port 安全泊位安全港SDBC,SD single deck 一层舱统舱（船）S/F stowage Factor 积载因素SHEX Sunday holiday Except 星期天，节日不包括在内SHIPPER 发货人SPOT indicates that a ship or a cargo is immediately available.STEM refers to the readiness of cargo and is often a prerequisite tothe fixing of a vessel, eg. Subject stem subject to the cargoavailability on the required dates of shipment being confirmed.SURVEYORS 验船师SWL safe working load.SW AD salt water arrival draftSUB subject 以…为条件TD,TWN tweendeck 二层舱（船）TIP taking inward pilotTNNG tonnage 指船TTL totalUU unless used 除非使用WIBON whether in berth or not 不管靠泊与否WIFPON whether in free pratique or not 不管船舶检验与否WIJION whether in joint inspection or not 不管船舶联检与否WIPON whether in port or not 不管抵港与否W/M weight or neasureWOG without guarantee 不保证WP weather pernittingWTS working time saved 按节约的工作时间计算WWDSHINC weather working days Sundays and holidays included晴天工作日，包括星期天及节假日W.W.W.WWIPON,WIBON,WIFPON,WIJIONYRS years 年BLT Built建造年份CALL SIGN: 呼号CBM: 立方米CLASS: 船级DRAFT 吃水DWT: Dead Weight 载重吨FLG: 船旗G/B: 散/包装舱容GRT/NRT: 总登记吨/净登记吨HH: hatch舱口hold舱APS arrival pilot station 到达引航站ATDNSHINE actual time of dispatchBOD bunker on deliveryBOR bunker on redeliveryBallast Water 压舱水Beaufort Scale 蒲福风级3级CONS consumption 消耗耗油Douglas state of sea 3 道式海浪3级DTLS detailsDLOSP 到达引航站DEL delivery 交船deratting certificate 恶意鼠证书ENT/VICT 给船长用于招待的费用FW fresh waterGMT 国际标准时H.cover hatch coverH+M value 船的价值ILOHC 还船时给船员的扫舱费NIL nothing 无IWL institute warranty limitsIFO industrial fuel oil 燃料油KTS knots节Laden 载满MDO 船用柴油marine diesel oil oilMGO marine gas oilNYPE 纽约土产期租船合同P/F prefer宁可，优先RDEL redelivery还船ROB remaining on boardSPD speed 航速（日租租船）daily charter（货物确卸报告）definite outturn report “遵循先例”原则stare decisis1924年英国海上货物运输法COGSA,1924 1950年波罗的海国际航运工会和英国航运总工会航次租船合同战争条款the Baltic & international maritime conference the chamber of shipping of the UK War Risks Clauses Charter 1950 V oywar 19931950年航次租船合同战争条款voywar 1950 1978年联合国海上货物运输公约United Nation Convention of the Carriage of Goods by Sea,19781980年租船合同装卸时间定义charter party laytime definitions, 19801995年国际航运改革法案Ocean Shipping Reform Act of 199524小时晴天工作日weather working days of24 hoursa competent court有管辖权的法院a contract of carriage of goods by sea海上货物运输合同a Contracting State缔约国a diligent carrier勤勉的承运人a formal instrument 正式文件a forwarding agent 运输代理人a joint survey or inspection联合检查或检验a place of business营业所a port in contracting state缔约国港口a received-for-shipment bill of lading收货待运提单a safe port or place near the port of destination目的港邻近的安全港口a shipped bill of lading已装船提单a shipping agent 船务代理人a special annotation特别注明a third party acting in good faith善意第三人a third party第三方abandonment委付acceptance接受accession加入accident report海事报告act of god 天灾act or omission行为或不行为action for indemnity追偿诉讼actual carrier实际承运人actual port of discharge实际卸货港actually deliver实际交付advanced B/L预借提单agent代理人aggregate of the amounts recoverable赔偿金额总数agreed period议定的期限anti-date B/L倒签提单apparent condition外表状况applicable rules of the law适用的法律规则approval认可arbitration tribunal仲裁庭arbitration仲裁arbitrator仲裁员a rrival notice到达通知书arrived vessel到达船article of transport运输器具assignment转让ational shippingbagged free袋费免除ballasting 压舱basis of liability责任基础be negotiated with endorsement to order记名背书bearer bill of lading不记名提单before and at the beginning of the voyage开航前和开航当时benefit of insurance保险利益berth charter泊位租船合同berth terms泊位条款bill of lading提单Blank B/L open B/L bearer B/L（不记名提单）blank B/L不记名提单booking note 托运单booking 订舱both-to-blame collision clause互有责任碰撞条款boxed free 装箱免费branch分支机构brokerage commission clause佣金条款bulk cargo散装货burden of proving举证责任C（矿石）7租船合同（C (ORE)7 Mediterranean Iron Orecanceling date解约日cancellation of contract合同的解除canvassion 揽货care for照料cargoworthy适货carriage free 运费免除Carriage of goodscarriage of goods by sea海上货物运输carriage of goods 货物运输carriage prepaid运费预付carrier承运人cased free 包装费不另计算casing extra 包装费另计cause of action诉因charter party B/L租船提单charterer承租人chartering broker 租船经纪人Chartering marker supply side demand side chartering process/procedurecharter-party租船合同claimant索赔人claim索赔classification of vessel 船级Clean B/L foul B/Lclean B/L 清洁提单combined transport B/L多式联运提单Combined transport operatorcommission佣金Common Carrier公共承运人concealed damage 隐藏损害conference freight/freight rate协定运费Conference公会consignee收货人consolidated B/L并提单constant船舶常数container freight station(CFS)集装箱货运站container load plan(CLP)装箱单container terminal集装箱码头container yard(CY)集装箱堆场container集装箱contract carrier契约承运人contract of affreightment 包运租船contract of carriage of goods by sea海上货物运输合同contractual stipulations合同条款contribution in general average共同海损分摊damage of detention滞期损失dangerous goods危险货物dead freight亏舱费deadweight tonnage载货能力deadweight tonnage载重吨deck cargo舱面货declaration in writing书面声明delay in delivery迟延交付delivery of Goods货物交付delivery order 提货单delivery交船demise charter 光船租船demurrage days 滞期日数Demurrage runs continuously, once on demurrage, always on demurrage, dispatch money, all working time saveddemurrage滞期费despatch money 速遣费destroy销毁deviation 绕航deviation绕航direct B/L直达提单discharging 卸货dispatch速遣费dispute争端dock receipt(D/R)场站收据document of title 物权凭证dry cargo干货due diligence 克尽职责endorsement in blank空白背书entrust委托equipment interchange receipt(EIR)设备交接单evidentiary effect证据效力exercise due diligence谨慎处理express agreement明文协议expressly agreed upon明确议定fault过失Force majeure and perilforce majeure不可抗力foul B/L 不清洁提单free in (F.I.)舱内收货条款free in and out (F.I.O.)舱内收交货free in and out ,stowed and trimmed (FIOST)舱内收交货，堆舱、平舱条款free out(F.O.)舱内交货条款freight account 运费清单freight payable应付运费freight prepaid ,advance freight预付运费freight to collect, freight payable at destination到付运费freight to collect到付运费freight运费GENCON 金康合同general average共同海损goods/cargo货物goods-office/freight-department货运办公室gross weight毛重guarantee保证habitual residence通常住所Hague Rules 海牙规则Hamburg Rule s汉堡规则handle搬移holder of the B/L 提单持有人house B/L货代提单in apparent good condition.外表状况良好in apparent goods order and condition表面状况良好in charge of the goods掌管货物incorporation clause并入条款indemnity赔偿independent contractor独立合同人inherent vice 固有缺陷inspect and tally检验和清点intended fraud有意诈骗interested person利害关系人Intermodal B/LIntermodal/ combined/ multimodal transport B/Linternational law国际法interpellation clause质询条款issue to the shipper a bill of lading签发提单judicial or arbitral proceedings司法或仲裁程序judicial proceedings司法程序jurisdiction管辖权landing weight 卸货重量latent defect潜在缺陷layday受载期laytime装卸时间leading marks主要标志legal character法律性质less than container cargo load(LCL)拼箱letter of guarantee 保函letter of indemnity/trust receipt 赔偿保证书(信托收据)lien and exception clause留置权与免责条款lien留置权lightening驳运lighter驳船lighterage驳运费Limit of liabilitylimits of liability责任限额Liner B/L charter party B/Lliner B/L班轮提单liner term班轮条款live animals活动物Load, handle, stow, carry, keep, carry for, discharge ；due diligenceloading 装船Long form B/L short form B/Llong form B/L全式提单longshoreman码头装卸工人loss of or damage to the goods货物的灭失、损坏loss of right权利的丧失make a claim提出索赔make a note in the bill of lading在提单上批注mandatory provisions强制性规定manifest舱单mark or label标志或标签master-roll 船员名册mate’s receipt 大副收据/收货单minimum B/L最低运费提单monetary units货币单位multimodal Transport Contract多式联运合同nationality of vessel 船籍navigable waters可航水域near clause临近条款neglect疏忽negotiable B/L 可转让提单New Jason clause新杰森条款non-contractual claims非合同索赔non-Negotiable B/L不可转让提单non-vessel operating common carrier无船承运人Normal lossnotice in writing书面通知Notice of claimNotice of loss damagenotice of readiness装卸准备就绪通知书notice通知notify party 通知人null and void无效number of packages or pieces包数或件数NYPE 纽约土产格式ocean Bill of Lading (Ocean B/L)off hire停租omnibus B/L并提单on board B/L 已装船提单On board/shipped B/L received for shipment B/Lon deck B/L舱面货提单on demand of the shipper应托运人的要求optional discharge B/L选卸港提单optional ports of discharge备选卸货港order bill of lading指示提单original Bill of Lading正本提单originals正本Overland Common Point (OCP)内陆公共点owner of the goods 货主package件pallet货盘paramount clause首要条款parcel receipt B/L包裹提单parcel receipt 包裹收据particulars furnished by shipper由托运人提供Period of responsibility clauseperiod of responsibility责任期间place of the arrest扣留地plaintiff原告defendant被告port charter港口租船合同port of discharge卸货港port of loading装货港preliminary voyage clause预备航次条款preliminary voyage预备航次prepaid freight预付运费prima facie evidence初步证据principal place of business主要营业所proof to the contrary 相反证据provisional or protective measures临时性或保护性措施quarantine restrictions检疫限制ratification批准reasonable dispatch合理速遣received for shipment B/L 收货待运提单redelivery还船registered tonnage登记吨revision or amendment修订或修改right of recourse追索权running/consecutive days 连续天数safe berth 安全泊位safe port 安全港scope of application适用范围scope of one’s employment受雇范围sea protest/master’s report海事声明sea waybill海运单seagoing ship海运船舶seaworthiness 适航seaworthy trim适航平衡seaworthy适航seizure under legal process司法扣押separate B/L分提单servant受雇人set forth demurrage支付滞期费ship owner船东shipper托运人shipping advice 装船通知shipping charges/commission 装运费shipping documents 装运单据shipping invoice 装运单/载货单shipping order 装货单shipping permit 准装货单shipping practices海运惯例shipping unit货运单位shipping weight/in-take-weight 装运重量ship's certificate of registry 船泊登记证书ship's log 航海日记short form B/L简式提单Special Drawing Right特别提款权special inherent risks特殊潜在风险split B/L分提单State currency and method of payment; also beneficiary and bank accountstow积载straight (Consignment) B/L记名提单Straight B/L（记名提单）order B/L straight bill of lading记名提单sublet转租substitute vessel 替代船supplementary provisions补充规定suspected bill 有疑问提单switch B/L转换提单take delivery of the goods提取货物take over接管Terms & Conditionsthe carrying vessel载货船舶the contribution in general average共同海损的分摊the holder of the bill of lading提单持有人the management of the ship管理船舶the multimodal transport operator 多式联运经营人the navigation of the ship驾驶船舶the negotiability of a bill of lading提单的转让the port of discharge卸货港the port of loading装货港through carriage联运time charter on trip basis t航次期租time charter 定期租船time-bar时效to assume obligations承担义务to be bagged用袋装to be baled用捆包to be boxed 用纸箱包装to be cased/to be encased用木箱包装to be jointly and severally liable负连带责任to be matted 用席包to bring an action against提起诉讼to exercise one’s right行使其权利to furnish security提供保证金to give all reasonable facilities提供一切合理的便利to have the same effect具有同等效力to pay compensation赔偿to remain bound by受约束tonnage of ship船舶吨位transport documents运输单证transport documents运输单证transshipment 转船提单unit of account记帐单位units of account记帐单位unloading/discharging/landing 卸货usage of the particular trade特定的贸易惯例valid有效vessel’s position船舶动态voyage charter 航次租船W.W.D;SHEX, unless used: weather working day, Sunday and holiday excepted, unless used, (but only time actually used to count ) waiver弃权War or armed conflictway-bill/invoice 托运单working days 工作日不公平定价行为unfair pricing practices不定期船运输tramp service不定期船运输tramp shipping不清洁/清洁收货单foul/clean receipt不适宜货物unsuitable cargo严格责任strict liability严重/轻微缺陷major/minor defects中国班轮公会China conference中租期租船合同SINO TIME中间性条款intermediate term临界货物marginal cargo亏舱运费dead freight亏舱运费dead freight互有过失碰撞条款both to blame collision clause交换提单switch B/L交货记录delivery record仓库交货delivery ex-warehouse代理费agency fee代码code name任何冰冻区域any ice-bound place佣金commission佣金支付on signing the contract; on shipment of cargo; based on freight earned佣金条款brokerage commission clause保护代理人owner’s protec tive agent保温集装箱insulated container保证条款warranty保证条款warranty clause保赔协会P & I Club倒签提单anti-date B/L停租off hire允许24小时条款twenty-four hours allowance clause先到先复first come first served光船租船A/B式合同BARECON A/B光船租船bare boat charter光船租船bare boat charter光船租船bareboat/demise charter免除除鼠证书deratting exemption certificate 入港申请书declaration inward vessel全损total loss全部交运合同exclusive patronage contract （保护合同）全集装箱船full container ship公会运价本conference tariff公共承运人common carrier公共承运人public carrier公证人notary public公费费率conference rate共同海损general average关于修订统一提单若干法律问题的国际公约的议定书protocol to amend the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bill of Lading, The 1968 Brussels Protocol兼用型convertible type内陆站inland depot支线运输feeder service冰冻条款general ice clause冷藏货物refrigerated cargo动植物livestock and plants冷藏集装箱refrigerated container冷藏集装箱清单list of reafer container净吨位Net towage减量常数constant凭保证书交付delivery against letter of guarantee (L/G)出口载货清单export M/F 出港费clearance fee分提单separate B/L分期购买purchase on installment初步证据prima facie evidence到付运费freight to collect到货通知书arrival notice到达引航站交船on arrival pilot station APS 到达船舶arrival ship前方堆场marshalling yard前方堆场调度yard planning剩余舱位报告space report副本copy办公室administration office加尔各答班轮公会Calcutta conference加载清单additional cargo list包箱费率box rate包装不充分insufficient packing包裹提单parcel receipt B/L包运租船contract of affreightment, COA北欧联营集团SCANDUTCH北美化肥航次租船合同North American Fertilizer Charter Party “FERTIVOT”北美谷物航次租船合同North American Grain Charter Party (NORGRAIN)半集装箱semi-container ship危险品清单dangerous cargo list危险货dangerous cargo危险货物安全装卸证书dangerous cargo sage stowage certificate危险货物清单dangerous cargo list卸货discharging卸货代理人landing agent卸货地订舱home booking卸货报告outturn report卸货报告outturn report卸货数量delivery quantity卸货方式kind of delivery卸货记录discharging statement卸货费用landing charge厂商（或私用）合同格式private C/P form 双重运价制dual rate system反还价/反还盘recounter offer取消货载清单cancelled cargo list受控制承运人controlled carrier受货人receiver受载期laycan受载期layday可用时间laytime allowed可调剂使用的装卸时间reversible laydays 合同费率contract rate合法货物lawful merchandise合理速遣reasonable dispatch吊上吊下型lift on/lift off , LO/LO同一责任制uniform liability system哈特法Harter Act,1893商品对运费的负担能力what the traffic can bear商品的运价表commodity rate freight rate善意good faith回扣rebate固定最低费率协定fixed rate agreement minimum国际公路货物运输公约CMR国际商会ICC国际标准化组织104急速委员会ISO/TC 104 international organization for standardization technical committee 104国际私法统一协会UNIDROIT国际航运intern国际货运协会联合会（菲亚塔）FIATA International Federation of Freight Forwarders Associaton国际铁路货物运输公约CIM在可抵达的泊位交船at the reachable berths 场站收据dock receipt: D/R均一费率freight all kinds, FAK基本港口base port基本运价/费率base rate基本运费basic rate堆场/货运站货物CY/CFS cargo备注栏remark多式联运经营人multi-modal transport operator, MTO多时联运经营人combined transport operator CTO大副chief officer契约港口contract port契约货物contractual cargo威尔士煤炭租船合同Chamber of Shipping Walsh Coal Charter Party完全自由竞争perfect competition定期租船time charter定期租船time/period charter定期租船合同Time Charter Party (ASATIME/NYPE FORM)定期租船合同Time Charter Party (ASBATIME/NYPE FORM)实交数量total delivery实用时间laytime used宣载declaration密码private code对物诉讼action in rem 封存点point of laying-up封闭式/开放式公会close/open conference 层次tier已收运费freight earned巴尔的摩C式Baltime Berth Charter Party Steamer幅层row平台集装箱plat container并提单omnibus B/L并装提单combined B/L序号serial number底盘车chassis延期回扣制deferred rebate system延续期间period of deferment引航员登轮交船on taking inward pilot: TIP 往返航次租船return trip charter待提集装箱（货物）报告report of undelivery container (cargo )待时记录stand-by time record忠诚信约loyalty contract总吨位Gross tonnage战斗船fighting boat所有人代理人owner’s agent所有人代码owner coder托运单booking note, B/N批注remarks报价/发盘/报价供租offer报关行customs broker报实盘firm offer拥挤congestion拼箱货less than container cargo load or less than container loaded cargo指定船舶named vessel按同样的日per like day按比例调整条款escalation clause按港口习惯尽快装卸customary quick dispatch C.Q.D损害修理条款damage protection plan: D.D.P排水吨Displacement tonnage接受订租acceptance（受盘）提前终止条款early termination clause提单持有人holder of the B/L提货单delivery order提货单delivery order, D/O提货通知书delivery notice揽载canvassion收货人consignee收货单mate’s receipt :M/R敞顶集装箱open top container散装货bulk cargo散货bulk cargo散件货物break bulk cargo散货集装箱solid bulk container斯堪的纳维亚航次租船合同Scandinavian V oyage Charter (SCANCON )方便旗flag of convenience旅客名单passenger manifest无线电话频率VHF无船承运人non-vessel operating carrier, NVOC无船承运人non-vessel operating common carrier无论靠泊与否whether in berth or not无货交付non delivery无货出口export cargo nil无货进口import cargo nil日报单daily report日租租船daily charter早期还船underlap易腐货perishable cargo普尔煤炭航次租船合同Coal V oyage Charter (POLCOALVOY)普通货船conventional ship最低运费提单minimum B/L最后航次final voyage最大载重量max. gross weight最终证据conclusive evidence最适宜货物prime suitable containerizable cargo杂货general cargo杂货集装箱dry cargo container权益转让书letter of subrogation条件条款condition条件条款condition clause标准租船合同格式standard C/P form格槽cell框架集装箱flat rack container检疫证书free pratique检量员swom measure正面条款front page clause比例运费pro rate freight比例运费propriate freight水湿rain & fresh warter damage, R.F.W.D汗湿sweat污染stain汽车集装箱car container油轮航次租船合同Tanker V oyage Charter Party, ASBATANKVOY泊位合同berth charter泊位或码头berth or pier波罗的海国际航运公会Baltic International Maritime Conference波罗的海国际航运工会BIMCO波罗的海白海航运公会the Baltic and White Sea Conference海水湿sea water damage混票mixture混载型combination type清洗油舱证明书tank cleaning certificate港务当局port authority港口合同port charter溢卸overlanded滚装型roll on/roll off, RO/RO滞期损失damage for detention满载货物a full and complete cargo澳大利亚谷物租船合同Australian Grain Charter Party, AUSTRAL灭鼠证书deratting certificate烟草清单list of tobacco烧损loss caused by Fire焦损smoken熏蒸fumigation燃料品质条款bunker quality clause燃油/选卸/变更卸货港/绕航/港口拥挤费/超额责任附加费bunker surcharge: BS or bunker adjustment factor : BAF; optional additional; alteration of destination additional; deviation surcharge; port congestion surcharge; additional for excess of liability牲畜集装箱hide container特别提款权special drawing right, S.D.R特种货物special cargo特种集装箱special container独立行动权利independent action现场记录on-the-spot record现场记录on-the-spot record班轮公会conference or shipping ring班轮公会行动守则公约convention on a code of conduct for liner conference班轮条款liner term; berth term; FAS free alongside ship班轮运输liner service班轮运输liner shipping理货人tally man or checker理货员tally clerk理货申请书application for tally理货组长chief tallyman理货计数单tally sheet理货证明书tally certificate由承租人选择in charterer’s option甲板积载证明书deck cargo certificate电子数据交换系统electronic datainterchange, EDI留底counterfoil监督代理人supervisory agent直达direct B/L transshipment B/L or through B/L真正联系genuine link短卸shortlanded短缺shortage码头前沿apron破损breakage禁止反供原则estopple禁止流通non negotiable私人物品清单list of crew’s baggages私承运人private carrier租箱合同container lease agreement租船合同下的提单charter party B/L租船经纪人chartering broker租购方式lease purchase积载不当bad stowage积载检验报告stowage survey report空白背书endorsement in blank笨件awkward cargo笨重货heavy cargo管理代理人husbanding agent箱位slot索赔清单statement of claims纸质文件paper document纽约土产交易所New York Produce Conference细节另订subject to details经纪人broker经纪人佣金brokerage commission经营人operator统一定期租船合同Uniform Time Charter (Baltime)统一提单若干法律问题的国际公约International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bill of Lading统一杂货租船合同Uniform General Charter (GENCON )统一杂货租船合同uniform general charter GENCON统筹分配收入pooling（公摊制）统筹货物/港口pool port/cargo维修车间maintenance shop or repair shop罐状集装箱tank container; liquid container 网状责任制network liability system美国1984年航运法the Shipping Act of 1984,USA美国威尔士煤炭合同Americanized Walsh Coal Charter美国联邦海事委员会FMC联营consortia腐烂、变质mould & milder自动递增条款escalation clause自由费率open rate航次代理agency on trip basis航次期租船time charter on trip basis, TCT 航次期租船time charter on trip basis: TCT 航次租船voyage charter航次租船voyage/trip charter单航次租船single trip charter航行区域trade limit舱位登记簿space book舱面货on deck B/L船公司立场ship side船名name of vessel船员名单crew manifest船员雇佣合同crewing agreement船期表service schedule船用物料清单list of ship’s store船籍证书certificate of ship’s nationality船级classification of vessel船舶开放等级制度open registry system船舶待指定vessel to be named船舶积载图stowage plan船舶经营人（或承租人）代理人operator’s agent船边交货alongside delivery船长声明书statement by ship’s mater英国航运公会British Chamber of shipping 英国航运总会GCBS英国船舶经纪人和代理人协会联盟FONASBA虫蛀鼠蛀rats and/or vermin表定费率tariff rate装/卸准备就绪通知书notice of readiness N/R NOR装卸人（装卸业者）stevedore装卸共用时间all purpose装卸操作不当rough handling装卸时间laytime装卸时间事实记录laytime statement of facts SOF装卸时间均算right to average laydays装卸时间表time sheet装箱单container load plan: CLP装箱单packing list装船loading装船证书certificate of loading装货单shipping order, S/O (下货纸，关单)装货数量intaken quantity装货清单loading list, L/L解约日canceling date解约日canceling date解约日cancelling date计算期account period计费标准freight basis订租确认书fixture note订租确认书fixture note订舱booking订舱函电booking memo议价货物/费率open cargo/rate记名背书special endorsement设备交接单equipment receipt: E/R诉讼时time bar询价inquiry （询盘）quote询问条款interpellation clause误卸mislanded谷物泊位租船合同Berth Grain Charter Party ( BALTIMEORE FROM C)谷物证书grain cargo certificate责任人duty officer货主的立场dock side货主选择卸货港交付optional delivery货名description of goods货方merchant货物减损单broken & damage cargo list货物所有人owner of the goods货物查询单cargo tracer货物残损检验证书inspection certificate-damage & shortage货物溢短单overloaded & shortloaded cargo list货物积载图stowage plan货物积载计划stowage plan质询条款interpellation clause购买选择权租赁条件leasing with option to purchase贸发会united nations conference on trade and development, UNCTAD费率本费率tariff rate赔偿条款indemnity起货机手winch man超期还船overlap超重/超长/直航/转船/港口附加费hevylift/long length/direct/transipment/port additional跨位bay跨运车straddle carrier转租subletting转运条款transshipment clause 载货清单manifest, M/F（舱单）载货运费清单freight manifest: M/F（运费清单，运费舱单）载重吨Dead weight tonnage载重量deadweight capacity过驳清单boat note, B/N过驳清单批注boat note remark运价freight rate运价动议制rate initiative运费freight运费协定rate making agreement运输劳务的价格price of transport service运量合同quantity/volume contract还价/还盘counter offer进口申请单import declaration进口许可证import permit进口货物舱单cargo manifest进口货物舱单manifest of cargo in transit远东班轮水脚公会far eastern freight conference, F.E.F.C远洋运输ocean shipping违禁品contraband连续24小时晴天工作日weather working day of 24 consecutive hours连续单航次或连续往返航次租船consecutive single or continuous return voyage charter连续日running days; consecutive days适宜货物suitable containerizable cargo适航平衡seaworthy trim选港货option cargo选港货optional cargo通知书notify party通知人notify party通知时间notice time通风集装箱ventilated container部分损失partial loss重件货物heavy cargo重货heavy lifts锈蚀rust错误申报incorrect statement长件货物lengthy cargo长期代理agency long-term basis门卫gate门式起重机transtainer阻碍或延误hinder or delay附加运费surcharge附有某种财政优惠条件with a financial flavor附近港条款the near clause隔热集装箱insulated produce container集装箱专用列车container unit train集装箱发放通知单equipment interchange order集装箱后方堆场container yard, CY集装箱海关公约CCC集装箱装卸作业区container terminal集装箱货运站container freight station, CFS 集装货full container cargo load: FCL非合同货主non-contract shipper非标准合同格式non-standard C/P form 靠泊anchorage预付时间的问题payable on completion of loading / on signing of B/L /on arrival to destination / on arrival to destination预付运费prepaid freight; freight in advance 预借提单advanced B/L预备航次preliminary voyage预计到达时间estimated time of arrival, ETA 首要条款paramount clause驳船费lighterageAA always afloat 永远漂浮AAR against all risks 针对所有风险ABT about 大约ACC acceptance/accepted 接受ACCDG according to 根据ACCT account 帐，因为ACOL after completion of loading 装货结束后ADDCOM address commission 回扣佣金ADV advise 告知AFLWS as follows 如下AGT agent 代理人AGW all goes well 一切顺利AHPS arrival harbor pilot station 到达港口引航站ANCH anchorage 锚地ANS answer 回答A/O and / or 和/或AOH after office hours 工作时间外AP additional premium 附加保险费APS arrival pilot station 到达引航站ARR arrive 到达ASAP as soon as possible 尽可能快的ASPS arrival sea pilot station 到达海区引航站ATA actual time of arrival 实际到达时间ATD actual time of departure 实际开航时间ATDNSHINC any time,day,night,Sunday and holodays included 包括任何时间，白天黑夜星期六和节假日ATDNSHEX any time,day,night,Sunday and holodays excepted 任何时间，白天，夜间星期六和节假日除外ATS all time saved 所有节省时间ATSBE all time saved both ends 所有两港节省时间ATSDO all time saved discharging only 所有卸货港节省时间ATSLO all time saved loading only 所有装货港节省时间AWTS all working time saved 所有节省的工作时间AWTSBE all working time saved both ends 所有两港节省的时间AWTSDO all working time saved discharging only 所有卸货港节省的时间AWTSLO all working time saved loading only 所有装货港节省的时间BB ballast bonus 空航奖金（空放补贴）BBB before breaking bulk 卸货前B/D breakdown 故障BENDS both ends 两端（装港和卸港）BIMCO baltic international maritime conference 波罗的海国际航运公会。

租船合同中的PWWD、SSHINC和CQD是什么意思？租船合同中的PWWD和SSHINC是什么意思？CQD⼜是什么租船术语？在租船合同（Fixture Note）中，我们经常会看到Loading Rate即装货率条款，和Discharging Rate即卸货率条款。

在这两个条款的具体内容中，我们可以看到类似“12000MT PWWD，SSHINC”的字样。

这是什么意思？PWWD和SSHINC是航运术语，⽤于合同或信⽤证条款中，尤其是租船合同（Fixture Note）中，基本都会有这个条款。

1. PWWD——每晴天⼯作⽇PWWD的英⽂全称为：Per Weather Working Day，意思是每晴天⼯作⽇。

晴天⼯作⽇（Weather Working Days，简称WWD），⼜称“良好天⽓⼯作⽇”，是航次租船运输合同中计算装卸时间的术语。

根据《1980年租船合同装卸时间定义》的规定，晴天⼯作⽇指的是⼯作⽇或部分⼯作⽇中，不受天⽓影响，可以进⾏装卸作业的时间。

⼯作⽇不包括周末和节假⽇，因天⽓不良⽽不能进⾏装卸作业的⼯作⽇也不能计⼊装卸时间。

所以，晴天⼯作⽇只是⼯作⽇的⼀部分。

所谓“天⽓不良”通常是指风、⾬、雪、雾等。

什么样的天⽓条件不能进⾏装卸作业，根据不同的货物种类，可能会不同。

与晴天⼯作⽇类似的⼀种术语是晴天允许⼯作⽇（Weather Permitting Days），这种⼯作⽇，既要看天⽓情况，⼜要看是否影响承租⼈装船作业。

天⽓妨碍船舶装货或卸货的时间不计为装卸时间。

晴天⼯作⽇是在⼯作⽇的含义基础上将影响船舶装卸的不良天⽓排除在外的表⽰⽅法。

天⽓不良必须是实际上影响了装卸的天⽓，预计的不能算⼊，⽽且必须是以装卸码头的天⽓状况为准的，船在港外锚地待泊的天⽓不能作为评判的标准。

但另⼀⽅⾯，在计算装卸时间的时候，并不考虑是否开始进⾏装卸作业，如果船舶在锚地待泊时已经开始起算装卸时间，那么这时坏天⽓同样可以中断装卸时间计算。

装卸港和装卸费装卸港口和装卸费用内容介绍>>一、装卸港口装卸港口是指航次租船合同中规定的船舶抵达装载货物的港口并将货物运至指定的卸货的港V1。

租船合同中对装卸港口都作出明确的规定。

(一)装卸港口或地点的规定方法在航次租船运输中，装卸港通常由承租人指定或选择，航次租船合同中也将具体港口名称予以记载。

目前国际上约定装卸港的方法有以下几种：1．明确指定具体的装货港和卸货港。

这种方法是在合同中只记载装货港和卸货港的港口名称，而没有确定该港的具体泊位。

装卸作业的具体泊位按该港的习惯决定。

单航次租船运输时，往往采用这种规定方法。

2．规定某个特定的装卸泊位或地点。

这种方法是在租船合同中除指定港名外，还要指明港内的装卸泊位或地点；如注明某港某泊位，这是承租人为了装卸方便而在租船合同中作出的规定。

3．由承租人选择装货港和卸货港。

这种方法通常在合同中注明两个或两个以上装货港，或卸货港名，或某个区域，并规定承租人在其范围内选择其中的一个或两个。

这个范围必须是在一条连续的海岸线上。

对于卸货港而言，这种选择权，必须在规定的时⑧内行使，否则，因为承租人未及时“宣港”，而给出租人造成的延误损失，承租人应负责赔偿。

此外，当卸货港是两个或两个以上时，承租人应将准备在第一卸货港卸下的货物情况准确告知船长，否则，出租人为保持船舶在适航平衡状态下驶往第二卸货港而支付的倒舱、起卸和重装货物i的费用，由承租人偿付。

我国《海商法》第101条规定：“出租人应当在合同约定的卸货港卸货。

合同订有承租人选择卸货港条款的，在承租人未按照合同约定及时通知确定卸货港时，船长可以从约定的选卸港中自行选定一港卸货。

承租人未按照合同约定及时通知确定的卸货港，致使出租人遭受损失的，应当负赔偿责任。

出租人未按合同约定，擅自选定港口卸货致使承租人遭受损失的，应当负赔偿责任。

”(二)安全港口和安全泊位1．安全港口和安全泊位的含义在航次租船合同中，装货港和卸货港通常都是由承租人进行指定或选择的，为了保证船舶进出港口和在港内装卸作业的安全，承租人所指定的港口或泊位都必须是能使船舶安全进出并进行装卸货物的“安全港”和“安全泊位”。

散货租船运输一般是钢材500吨以上采用的运输方式，一些单件规格超长、超高、超重等“三超”的钢材产品，即使货量小于500吨也采用散货租船运输。

散货租船运输的关键词如下：
（1）装船条款：
A）FO=Free Out 不管卸货，
如果我们与客户签订的价格条款是CFR FO，即表明我们不负责卸货。

B）LO=Liner Out 管卸货，
如果我们与客户签订的价格条款是CFR LO，即表明我们负责卸货。

C）FIO= Free In& Out，不管装不管卸；
D）FILO=Free In Liner Out 不管装管卸，
E）LIFO= Liner In Free Out 管装不管卸
F）FLT=Full Liner Terms=BT=Berth Terms（LT=BT）管装管卸，或称全班轮条款2）集装箱条款：A)CY=CY，B)CY= FO（CY=Container yard）
3)S T=Stowed Trimmed 理货，平舱
L S D=Lashing，Securing，Dunnaging 绑扎，加固，垫料费
4)LAYCAN：受载期，是租船协议的重要条款，LAY=LAYTIME，即装卸货时
间；CAN=CANCELLING，取消合同时间。

对于我们来说，必须在LAYCAN第一天之前做好备货、通关等装船准备工作，否则，很容易产生一天几万美金的滞期费。

5）CQD=Customary Quick Despatch，表示按港口习惯快速装卸；也就是说在船东不负责装卸的情况下，他不会限定你在一定时间内装卸完毕，而是按正常速度作业就行；同时，如果是认为因素导致装卸无法进行或速度很慢，船东有权提出索赔。