chaper 4 developing____ paragraphs
- 格式：doc
- 大小：37.50 KB
- 文档页数：9
文档推荐
-
paragraph的几个类型页数:18
-
Week 4 Paragraphs页数:5
-
Body Paragraphs页数:50
-
Summary paragraphs-页数:3
下载文档原格式
合集下载
八年级英语作文讲义
八年级英语作文讲义{z}Eighth Grade English Composition Lecture NotesIntroduction:Eighth-grade English composition is an important aspect of language learning, as it helps students develop their writing skills and express their thoughts effectively.This lecture note will provide an overview of the key concepts and techniques required to write a successful eighth-grade English composition.1.Understanding the Prompt:To begin with, it is crucial to understand the prompt or topic given for the composition.Read the prompt carefully and identify the main idea or question that needs to be addressed.Make sure to note any specific requirements or guidelines mentioned in the prompt.2.Brainstorming and Planning:Once you have a clear understanding of the prompt, the next step is to brainstorm and plan your composition.Write down any relevant ideas, examples, or supporting evidence that come to your anize your thoughts in a logical manner and create an outline of the main points you will discuss in your essay.3.Writing a Good Introduction:The introduction is the first impression of your essay, so it should be engaging and captivating.Start with a hook sentence that grabs thereader"s attention.Introduce the main idea of your essay and provide a brief overview of what the reader can expect to learn from your composition.4.Developing the Body Paragraphs:The body paragraphs are the main part of your essay, where you present your arguments and evidence.Each paragraph should have a clear topic sentence that states the main idea of the paragraph.Support your topic sentence with relevant details, examples, or quotes from the e transitional words and phrases to connect your ideas and make the essay flow smoothly.5.Writing a Conclusion:The conclusion is the final part of your essay, where you summarize the main points discussed in the body paragraphs.Restate the thesis statement in a slightly different way and remind the reader of the importance of your topic.End with a strong closing sentence that leavesa lasting impression.6.Editing and Proofreading:Once you have written your essay, it is essential to edit and proofread it for any errors or mistakes.Check for spelling, grammar, punctuation, and sentence structure errors.Make sure your essay is well-organized and coherent.It is also a good idea to have someone else read your essay and provide feedback.Conclusion:Writing a successful eighth-grade English composition requires practice, planning, and attention to detail.By following the steps outlined in this lecture note, you can improve your writing skills and produce compelling essays.Remember to read the prompt carefully, brainstorm and plan your composition, write a good introduction, develop the body paragraphs, write a strong conclusion, and edit and proofread your essay.Good luck!。
Lesson 13英语写作
•
Development by Time
In telling a story or recounting an event, the easiest and clearest way is to describe things in order of time: earlier things are mentioned before later things, the first thing first and the last thing last.
Chapter 4 Developing Paragraphs
Introduction
A paragraph can be well developed in a variety of ways according to the purpose of the writer and its function in a e thesis. If we want to tell a story, we can use chronological order. If we wish to say how something is done, we may explain a step-by-step process. Therefore, the method of a paragraph development that we choose depends on our purpose. The following are some of the commonly used methods for a paragraph development:
Two or more methods may often be used in a single paragraph, but the important thing to remember is that whichever method we use to develop our paragraph, we must confine ourselves to the topic.
Chapter 4 Developing Paragraphs
Focus 2 ways of developing a paragraph
When we write a paragraph，the first thing we paragraph， should do is to think of a central idea or theme and write it down in a complete sentence, which will serve as the topic sentence. Then we should think of the details or examples to support the main idea. we need to work out an outline to put these details in good order. With the outline, the paragraph is almost halfhalfdone. There are many possible ways to develop a paragraph. Let us study these methods one by one.
Hale Waihona Puke 5 Development by comparison and contrast
When we compare one thing with another, we show the similarities; when we contrast one thing with another, we show dissimilarities. There are two different ways of presenting similarities or dissimilarities: block presentation or the subject-bysubject-bysubject pattern presentation or the point-by-point point-bypattern. alternating presentation is different in that we discuss both things under each of the various aspects compared or contrasted.
好文鉴赏的英语作文模板
好文鉴赏的英语作文模板题目，Good Essay Appreciation and Writing Template。
In recent years, the art of essay writing has garnered immense attention, with many aspiring writers seeking templates and examples to improve their skills. Drawing inspiration from some of the most downloaded essay samples online, I'll provide a high-quality imitation essay in English with a word count of at least 1500 words.---。
Title: The Power of Words: An Exploration of Literary Expression。
Introduction:In the realm of literature, the written word transcends mere communication; it becomes a vehicle for ideas, emotions, and insights. This essay delves into the nuancesof literary expression, examining its impact and significance.Body:1. The Art of Captivating Introductions。
A compelling introduction sets the tone for an essay, captivating readers from the outset.Use of anecdotes, quotes, or thought-provoking questions can engage readers and establish relevance.Example: "In George Orwell's timeless novel '1984,' the opening line, 'It was a bright cold day in April, andthe clocks were striking thirteen,' immediately immerses readers in a dystopian world, setting the stage for a narrative of surveillance and control."2. Crafting a Cohesive Thesis Statement。
英语写作基础教程第三版
英语写作基础教程第三版你喜欢英语吗?不管喜不喜欢，只要你学习英语，对于写作多少会需要了解一下。
下面是店铺给大家整理的英语写作基础教程第三版，供大家参阅!英语写作基础教程第三版信息出版社: 高等教育出版社; 第3版 (2011年5月1日)丛书名: 普通高等教育“十一五”国家级规划教材平装: 296页语种：英语开本: 16ISBN: 704032010X, 9787040320107条形码: 9787040320107商品尺寸: 25 x 19.2 x 1.6 cm商品重量: 558 g品牌: 高等教育出版社ASIN: B0053NMFFC英语写作基础教程第三版介绍《英语写作基础教程(第3版)》主要是为高等学校英语专业一、二年级的学生编写的，同时适合师专、广播电视大学、成人高等学校的英语专业使用，也可供英语水平相近的自学者参考。
《英语写作基础教程(第3版)》是作者在总结自己几十年丰富的英语写作教学经验、研究近年国内外英语写作教学方法的基础上推出的。
全书用清晰、浅易的英语介绍了英语写作的基本方法和特点，讲解时提供了较多的例句、例段和范文，其中既有英、美作家的作品，又有中国学生的习作，内容有趣，贴近生活，易于模仿。
全书共8章，包括文稿格式和标点符号的用法、选词、造句、段落、摘要、作文、应用文及学术论文的写作方法。
每章都附有练习题和参考答案，引导学习者循序渐进地提高英语写作水平。
英语写作基础教程第三版目录Chapter 1 Manuscript Form and Punctuation1 Manuscript Form1. Arrangement2. Word Division3. Capitalization4. Handwriting2 Punctuation1. The Comma(,)2. The Period(.)3. The Semicolon(;)4. The Colon(:)5. The Question Mark(?)6. The Exclamation Mark(!)7. Quotation Marks("...")8. Parentheses / Brackets((...))9. Square Brackets([...])10. The Dash(——)11. The Slash(/)12. Underlining and ItalicsKeys for ReferenceChapter 2 Using Proper Words1 Types of Words2 Choice of Words3 SynonymsSome Good DictionariesKeys for ReferenceChapter 3 Making Correct and Effective Sentences 1 Correct Sentences1. Completeness in Structure2. The Right Subject3. Agreement Between the Subject and the Predicate Verb Chapter 4 Developing ParagraphsChapter 5 SummarizingChapter 6 Composing EssaysChapter 7 Writing for Practical PurposesChapter 8 Preparing Research Papers。
Chapter 4 developing-paragraphs
Features of a Paragraph
Three fundamental features:
• A central idea (which may be expressed either explicitly in a topic sentence or implicitly) • Supporting evidence (all the information given in this sentences should impresses the reader with the central idea) • Close connection between the sentences
• 1. Development by Time • • In telling a story or recounting an event , the easiest and clearest way is to describe things in order of time. This method is also called chronological sequencing.
Structure of a Pharagraph
• It is a group of sentences that introduces, presents and develops one main idea about the topic, mainly occuring in the following forms. • Topic sentence; • Detail1, detail 2... • Concluding sentence
• The order of time： • By one o'clock → At about two o'clock → After a half hour → Around an hour later • And some coherent words： • When, Then, Next, After.
Chapter 4 Developing Paragraphs
7 Development by classification
We can also write a paragraph by using the method of classification. Very often, when we face a number of ideas, people or objects, we want to classify them into groups according to their similarities or differences, because this gives us a clear and inindepth view of them and sometimes, a feeling of order. Clear classification often helps us to see the different values of people or ideas. the most important thing for a good classification is the category as well as its defining features. features. Words and Phrases used for classification main kinds of, kinds of, basic kinds, minor, primary, secondary
6 Development by cause and effect
Development by cause and effect is another way we use in writing. In a paragraph developed by cause and effect, we often ask "why" first and then give the reasons or causes behind it, for very often an effect may have many causes and a cause ,may have many effects, and find out the logical relationship between them. Logical thinking is particularly important in writing paragraphs of cause and effect. Words and Phrases used in discussing cause and effect so, thus, hence, since, due to, the reason for, for this reason, the cause of, it follows that, accordingly, consequently
英语作文小册子模板
英语作文小册子模板Title: English Essay Booklet Template。
Introduction。
In this booklet, we will provide a comprehensive guide on how to write an English essay. We will cover the essential elements of an essay, including the structure, content, and writing tips. Whether you are a student, a professional, or someone who wants to improve their writing skills, this booklet will help you master the art of writing an excellent English essay.Chapter 1: Understanding the Essay Structure。
An essay typically consists of three main parts: the introduction, the body, and the conclusion. In the introduction, you should present the topic and provide a thesis statement that outlines the main argument of your essay. The body paragraphs should support the thesis statement with evidence and analysis, while the conclusion should summarize the key points and restate the thesis in a new light.Chapter 2: Choosing a Topic。
外研版高中英语必修第三册Unit4 Section Ⅳ D学案
Section ⅣDeveloping ideas－Writing描写一件艺术品本单元的写作任务是描写一件艺术品，属于说明文。
内容一般包括该艺术品的作者、创作背景、特点以及作者所表达的意境或内涵等。
(一)基本框架1．开头：艺术品简介；2．主体：具体描述；3．结尾：总结、评价。
(二)常用表达1．The Sunflo w er is one of Van Gogh's masterpieces．《向日葵》是凡·高的代表作之一。
2．This is a painting by the Spanish artist，Pablo Picasso，considered to be the greatest Western artist of the twentieth century．这是西班牙画家巴勃罗·毕加索的一幅油画，他被认为是20世纪西方最伟大的画家。
3．My favorite painting is the Eight Horses painting．我最喜欢《八骏图》这幅画了。
4．The whole match of colours is very harmonious．整个色彩的搭配非常协调。
5．Each of the four clay figures looks different and lifelike．四个泥人神态各异，栩栩如生。
6．The group of flame-like sunflowers show his passion of life．那一团团火焰般的向日葵，表达出了他对生活的热爱。
7．In this painting，Picasso showed his feelings about what had happened to the town．在这幅画中，对于这座城镇所遭遇的一切，毕加索表达了自己的情感。
8．It will encourage me to go forward bravely in my study and life．它将鼓励着我在学习和生活中勇往直前。
写作--Developing paragraph
Chapter 4 Developing Paragraphs
Sentences of a Paragraph
Topic sentence The sentence, which expresses the central idea and holds all the other sentences together, is called the topic sentence.
Sentences Summarizing
Exercise Charlie takes vitamin pills every meal. He runs a mile everyday before breakfast. He lifts weights three or four times each week. Instead of taking a bus, he goes to school on foot. Charlie pays much attention to his health.
Development by le
Words and Phrases Used in Giving Specific Details (p101) Exercise: Noise pollution in the city where I live.
Development by Comparison and Contrast Sample 1 on page 102. Words and Phrases Used in Making Comparison and Contrast (p104) Exercise: Spring and Autumn
Marie bought me meals everyday when I was ill last term. She always helps her roommates with their English. She brought food from home and shared with us at the beginning of the new term. She is like a big sister to us. Marie is a very kind-hearted and helpful girl.
Sentences of a Paragraph
Topic sentence The sentence, which expresses the central idea and holds all the other sentences together, is called the topic sentence.
Sentences Summarizing
Exercise Charlie takes vitamin pills every meal. He runs a mile everyday before breakfast. He lifts weights three or four times each week. Instead of taking a bus, he goes to school on foot. Charlie pays much attention to his health.
Development by le
Words and Phrases Used in Giving Specific Details (p101) Exercise: Noise pollution in the city where I live.
Development by Comparison and Contrast Sample 1 on page 102. Words and Phrases Used in Making Comparison and Contrast (p104) Exercise: Spring and Autumn
Marie bought me meals everyday when I was ill last term. She always helps her roommates with their English. She brought food from home and shared with us at the beginning of the new term. She is like a big sister to us. Marie is a very kind-hearted and helpful girl.
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
Developing Paragraphs Sample 1
The Irish countryside is very beautiful.1There is a popular Irish song which says that there are 100 different shades of green in the Irish landscape, and this is no exaggeration.2 Thanks to generous rainfall, much of the countryside is covered in rich green vegetation, which is why Ireland is also known as the Emerald Isle绿宝石岛(爱尔兰别名).3 It also has a varied landscape with dramatic mountains, rocky coastlines and rolling hills.4
Sample 2
For generations the kitchens of the vast majority of out homes have acted as living room kitchens. 1 The sitting room is reserved for Sunday afternoons and special occasions.2 All the week-day activities have to be carried on in the kitchen.3Meals are prepared, cooked and eaten there; washing, drying, ironing and sewing---all are usually carried on in it. 4It is in the kitchen that the children must do their homework while father sits with his paper by the fire, and mother gets out the darning.5
Sample 3
The wind picks up and begins to hurl itself through those deserted trees.1Sign-boards sway violently from side to side, seeming almost to want to go with the wind that blows them.2trees complain as the strong wind tears at their branches, causing them to bend and bow down.3With the wind comes the rain.4The terrible rain beats down, sitting anyone unfortunate enough not yet to have reached the safety of home.
Features of the effective paragraphs:
1.one central idea.
2.supporting evidence.
3.close connection between
sentences.
Exercise
Write a paragraph according to the video of an nuclear explosion. Referring words and phrases
1.Desperate 令人绝望的
2.blast wave 冲击波
3.detonation wave 爆震波
Blast effects
▪The blast from the nuclear
bomb creates an inferno 阴间，地狱that reaches several million degrees Celsius - as hot as the sun.
▪A heat flash vaporizes all
human beings and flattens 摧毁all buildings within a particular radius (determined by the size of the bomb).
▪Radiation sickness sets in,
with symptoms 症状including bleeding from the mouth and gums齿龈, hair loss, internal bleeding内出血, and vomiting呕吐.
▪Pregnant women exposed to
the blast give birth to children with illnesses and deformities, often long after the bombing.
▪Some years later, survivors of
the immediate effects of the
blast develop cancers of the
blood, breast, lung and
salivary gland.
4.nuclear radiation核辐射, 放射性
辐射
5.smash打碎, 粉碎
6.hell
7.mushroom cloud 蘑菇云
8.you'd have little hope of surviving the blast
9.radioactive fallout放射性尘降物
10.destruction 破坏
11. debris 碎片, 残骸
核爆的杀伤力主要来源是强辐射intense radiation.冲击波shock wave和辐射尘radiative fall-out。
如果被近距离的强辐射照射到，人很可能会立刻被蒸发掉，注意不是烤焦或什么，而活生生的被气化掉。
距离稍远的人被照射到，会烧伤或烧焦。
其实只有有够厚的掩体挡住这些强光，就不会受到太大的伤害。
就算挡住强光也挡不住核爆产生的超强热浪heat wave和冲击波，炽热的空气会讲皮肤和肺部烧伤，如果人不是在气密而且坚固的掩体中的话，冲击波产生的压差会将人炸得四分五裂。
核爆对生物影响最大最久远的并不是强辐射和冲击波，而是辐射尘。
辐射尘的影响不是立刻的，辐射尘的杀伤力会在核爆后15-40分钟才会发挥出来。
核爆产生的尘埃带有
很强的辐射，其中伽马射线的能量最大，对人的伤害也最大。
人只要暴露在辐射尘2分钟左右就会出现类似艾滋病的症状，免疫力下降，一旦有小伤口就会受到感染，弄不好会死人的，暴露在辐射尘5分钟必死无疑。