课时作业(十七)必修④Unit 2Working the landⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·合肥市质量检测]A seemingly small gesture at a restaurant outside Houston that wasn't part of the job description for a Waffle House waitress has now had a big effect on her life.It happened last weekend, when 18-year-old Evoni Williams was serving an elderly man breakfast. He needed help. So Williams leaned over the table with a fork and a knife and cut up his ham for him. It might have ended there, but a customer named Laura Wolf was struck enough to take a picture and post it online.“I didn't know the photo was taken until a couple of hours later，”Williams told the Houston Chronicle. “When I saw it, it's just something I would do for anybody. I was so busy in here, and I actually took the time to stop and hear what he had to say instead of walking past him.”It apparently meant something to others too. As of Sunday, more than 130,000 people had reacted to the post and nearly 7,000 have shared it. But the story has extended beyond the Internet. Williams, a recent Texas City High School graduate, was honored at a ceremony, Thursday, with a $16,000 scholarship to Texas Southern University. Williams has reportedly been working full-time at the Waffle House to earn money toward school. Texas Southern University has assigned a counselor to help her begin her degree and she is planning to study business management.Media at the local, national and international level have all picked up on the story. It is a moment among several in recent years, captured in a picture, put online, and capturing the attention of the Internet: like a New York City police officer giving a homeless man a pair of boots, or a restaurant goer whose wife died of cancer anonymously (匿名地) paying for the meal of another cancer patient.体裁：夹叙夹议文题材：社会生活主题：餐馆女服务员的善意之举【语篇解读】餐馆服务员Evoni Williams一次善意的行为被顾客Laura Wolf拍照并上传到网络，接着引起很多关注并由此得到了奖学金和学业上的帮助。
【难句分析】When I saw it, it's just something I would do for anybody.分析：本复合句中When引导时间状语从句，I would do foranybody为定语从句，修饰先行词something，其中省略了关系代词that。
译文：当我看见它的时候，那只是一些我愿意为任何人做的事情。
1．Why did Laura Wolf take the photo and post it online?A．She was really into recording some small gestures.B．She wanted to draw attention to the restaurant.C．She was touched by the considerate waitress.D．She got paid by the restaurant to do so.答案与解析：C考查细节理解。
根据第二段第四句中的“but a customer named Laura Wolf was struck enough to take a picture and post it online”可知，Laura Wolf拍照上传网上的原因是那位体贴的服务员的行为感动了她，故选C项。
2．What words can be used to best describe Evoni Williams?A．Independent and caring.B．Patient and curious.C．Kind and generous.D．Energetic and lucky.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。
根据第三段的最后两句“When I saw it, it's just something I would do for anybody... instead of walking past him”和第四段倒数第二句“Williams has reportedly beenworking full-time at the Waffle House to earn money toward school”可推知，Evoni Williams是一个独立且关心他人的人。
3．Why is a New York City police officer mentioned in the last paragraph?A．To prove the power of the media.B．To advocate helping those in need.C．To show more people tend to use the Internet.D．To argue the Internet is the center of attention.答案与解析：A考查推理判断。
根据最后一段的前两句“Media at the local, national and international level have all picked up on the story. It is a moment among several in recent years, captured in a picture, put online, and capturing the attention of the Internet”可知，此处意在强调媒体有巨大的作用，后面举的三个例子应是为了说明这一结论，故选A。
4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A．Wide web, colorful lifeB．Small gesture, big effectC．Little effort, big rewardD．Young mind, great influence答案与解析：B考查标题判断。
根据第一段“A seemingly small gesture at a restaurant outside Houston that wasn't part of the job description for a Waffle House waitress has now had a big effect on her life”及下文女服务员因一次小的善意之举而获得很多关注并得到大学奖学金和学业上的帮助可推知，这篇文章的主旨是“小举动，大影响”，故选B项。
B[2019·成都第一次诊断]Food blogs, celebrities, and nutritionists all advocate the benefits of eating organic (有机的) fruits and vegetables. But a new study published in Science Ad v ances paints a more complex picture. While organic produce is likely slightly healthier to eat and, in some ways, more sustainable to grow, there are also downsides.Organic fruits and vegetables typically cost more than conventional ones. To get a certificate as organic, farmers must meet specific criteria, including growing produce without the use of genetic engineering and chemical inputs. Without these methods, the growing process typically requires more labor, time, and money, a cost that is passed down to consumers.It's true that in many ways, organic farming is more sustainable than conventional farming. But when it comes to environmental concerns such as greenhouse gas output and water loss, the comparison gets complex. Organic farms produce less greenhouse gas output per acre. However, because they are barred from using genetic engineering, pesticides (杀虫剂), and other methods that increase efficiency (效率), organic farms also produce an estimated 19% to 25% less yield than conventional farms. While there isn't a whole lot of research on the topic, the few studies that do exist suggest greenhouse gas output and water loss might actually be higher on organic farms, on a per unit basis, says study author Verena Seufert.In addition, while organic produce is likely more nutritious than conventional fruits and vegetables, there's not a lot of evidence to support the claim that these often slight differences influence consumer health. The same is true for the pesticide remainder. In developed countries,where pesticide use is tightly regulated, there's no scientific consensus on how these often slight differences influence human health.Still, Seufert stresses that if you can afford to eat organic produce, you should do so. Organic farms provide safer work environments for workers, plus they support great biodiversity. The real takeaway from her study is not that organic produce is bad but that the practice needs more studies to increase the yield without lowering sustainability.But if you can't afford to buy organic produce, don't stress too much, particularly from a nutritional perspective.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了有机农产品的一些情况，体现了学科核心素养中的“环保意识、健康饮食意识”的文化品格。
