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《战争与和平》主要人物及特点一.《战争与和平》中的四大家族1．库拉金家族库拉金家族是远离人民的宫廷贵族的典型，是朝廷和上流社会贪婪，愚蠢和无耻的代表，是一个对国家、民族没有半点责任感的家族。
阴险、狡猾、毫无节操和道德观念是这个家族的主要特征。
当俄国陷入困境，拿破仑逼近莫斯科的时候，他们毫不关心国家的安危，总是想升官发财。
库拉金的女儿爱仑是个“美丽的动物”，在祖国处于危难之际，她还以自己的美色逗引人，过着淫荡的生活。
库拉金的两个儿子伊包里特和阿那托尔，前者愚蠢，后者卑鄙堕落。
酒宴放荡，闲逸便是他们的追求的幸福生活的全部内容。
托尔斯泰在作品中猛烈的抨击道：“所有这一群人都攫取着卢布、十字勋章和官爵，而他们在捞取这些东西的时候所注意的仅仅是沙皇恩宠的鼻息。
”2．罗斯托夫家族罗斯托夫家族是作者美化的宗法制庄园贵族的典型，是作者笔下最动人、最富感染力和诗情画意的一个家族。
他们并不富裕，但充满了欢乐和生气。
罗斯托夫一家接近人民，保持着淳朴、热情、真挚、好客等特点，具有温情脉脉的庄园贵族的品质。
拿破仑入侵，他们都为祖国的命运焦急不安，决心为保卫祖国贡献一切力量。
尼古拉回到军队与敌人作战，娜塔莎自动为伤兵服务。
15岁的彼恰放弃了准备进入大学的愿望决定参军，最后为祖国献出了年轻的生命。
3．保尔康斯基家族保尔康斯基家族具有正直、爱国、孤傲的特点，保持了忠贞为国的老贵族的“古风”，老公爵以严厉为名，退居庄园后，一直和朝廷疏远，对宫廷保持批判态度。
他曾在军队服务，很重视苏沃诺夫的军事艺术。
当儿子安德烈和他告别从军时，他特别强调军人的荣誉和爱国的责任感。
1812年的战争震动了他，他毅然召集民兵与逼近的敌人进行斗争。
在激昂紧张的爱国活动中，他中风了，临死前还关怀着祖国的命运。
他的儿子安德烈是爱国者，女儿玛利亚同样是爱国传统的继承者，当她想到会受到法国人支配时就颤抖了。
4．别祖霍夫家族别祖霍夫家族是莫斯科最富裕的家族，关于这个家族，托尔斯泰着笔不多。
《战争与和平》内容概述（第二卷第一部1-16节）第二卷第一部第二卷第一部共16节。
三个主要人物：尼古拉·罗斯托夫，安德烈公爵，皮埃尔。
尼古拉战后回到家中，老伯爵极尽排场豪华穷尽财力，以俱乐部名义为将军巴格拉季翁公爵举行欢迎宴会。
与会宾客对此次战败因由心知肚明，但有皇帝在内，交谈战事不免讳莫如深。
宴会中，皮埃尔因多洛霍夫与自己妻子海伦的暧昧关系，不加掩饰的挑衅，提出决斗。
多洛霍夫被打伤。
皮埃尔与海伦分居，海伦占有莫斯科的大部分财产。
多洛霍夫在罗斯托夫家厮混，竟向当时的玩伴、好友尼古拉的恋人索尼亚求婚，遭拒。
多洛霍夫出于报复心邀尼古拉赌博，赢了4万3千卢布！43！这是26岁的多洛霍夫与17岁的索尼亚年龄之和！尼古拉的荒唐行为让本已入不敷出寅吃卯粮濒临破产的家庭陷入困窘之地。
还债之后，他回到了前线。
尼古拉的连长，好友杰尼索夫也向娜塔莎求婚，伯爵夫人出面婉拒。
安德烈公爵在奥斯特利茨战役前线负重伤由当地居民养护，但无人知晓。
在妻子临产之际，他回到家中。
儿子出生了，妻子因难产死去。
第01节（概述：奥斯特利茨战役之后，尼古拉-罗斯托夫休假回到家中，归心似箭！在家中，他被亲情包围了！娜塔莎15岁啦，她在家中，在比她大，比她小的兄弟姐妹中，都当仁不让地居于中心！完全不像大家闺秀！名媛淑女更说不上。
无法无天！无拘无束！但是，她聪明，美丽，活泼，讨人喜欢，从不惹人讨厌。
至于爱情，她谁都爱，又不愿意只爱一个。
什么是爱？为什么爱？她还没有想过。
她还朦胧着呢。
她不过是内心里的热情，高兴，与热爱，装得满满的，总要挥洒出来罢了。
尼古拉与索尼娅的爱情，在罗斯托夫家中尽人皆知。
但是，伯爵夫人却不高兴，“因为她害怕儿子去爱索尼娅，会使他失去名门望族的配偶。
”）第02节（概述：尼古拉·罗斯托夫伯爵,他在贵族上流社会玩儿了个底朝天！挥霍无度，五行八作，无所不至，乐不可支！“他极为愉快地消度时光。
”也玩女人，虽然这有伤骠骑兵的体面！“现在他——一个骠骑兵中尉，身披一件银丝镶边的披肩，佩戴军人的乔治十字勋章，和几个知名的备受尊敬的老猎手一起训练走马。
战争与和平（列夫·托尔斯泰创作长篇小说）—搜狗百科皮埃尔·别祖霍夫皮埃尔是声名显赫，腰缠万贯的别祖霍夫伯爵的私生子，因而起初不被上流社会认可，而当他继承了父亲的几乎全部家产之后，上流社会便对他大开绿灯。
他单纯天真，质朴热情，却带有一些“多余人”的气息，矛盾性在他身上最为明显。
例如：皮埃尔离开安德烈家之前，安德烈奉劝他不要再去放荡公子阿纳托利家消磨时光，皮埃尔也痛恨目前的生活，并一口答应：“我起誓（不去他家）”。
可见其态度异常坚定。
而刚一离开安德烈家，皮埃尔一想到阿纳托利家那晚会有例行的赌局，之后是狂欢和娱乐，“到那去也不错”的想法就蹦了出来。
但同时他还是想起了像安德烈发过的誓言并强迫自己不去。
可是，矛盾性的性格使他的思想继续博弈：“他（皮埃尔）心里想到，他发的誓是没有意义的，因为他向安德烈公爵起誓前已向阿纳托利公爵起过誓，要去他家。
最后他想，这种誓言都无关紧要，尤其想到明天他说不定死去，或者遇到什么意外，那就根本谈不上誓言不誓言了。
皮埃尔常用这样的想法打消他的决心和意图。
”最后的结果是，在一顿犹豫不定和自我说服之后，皮埃尔照样还是去了阿纳托利家。
再如，从皮埃尔对上流社会的交际花海伦（后成为了皮埃尔的妻子）的态度也可足见其矛盾性。
在皮埃尔还只是私生子身份时，海伦的父亲，阿谀奉承老谋深算的华西里公爵并未将他放进眼里。
而当皮埃尔继承大笔遗产，成为彼得堡巨富之后，华西里公爵便时时处处有意安排使皮埃尔能喜欢上自己的女儿海伦。
矛盾的皮埃尔时而为海伦倾国倾城的容貌和风姿所折服，时而又因为看到她的放荡而恶心。
时而为能娶到这样的交际花而沾沾自喜，时而又觉得他根本不爱海伦，这一切只是形式所逼。
在周围的上流人士都有意撮合他和海伦时，他“第一次感到在他和海伦之间形成了一种公认的关系。
这个想法使他害怕，放佛给了他一种他无力承担的义务，但同时又是他高兴，因为这是一种有趣的设想。
”皮埃尔明知海伦很愚蠢，在他身上引起的并不是真正的爱情，而是一种丑陋的、卑劣的感情。
《战争与和平》中的人物形象与历史演变引言《战争与和平》是俄国作家列夫·托尔斯泰的代表作之一，它讲述了19世纪初期的欧洲大陆上发生的一系列战争和法国大革命的故事。
这部小说以其深入剖析人物内心世界、描绘社会历史背景和反思战争本质等特点而著名。
本文将在分析《战争与和平》中不同人物形象的基础上，探讨这些形象在小说中所代表的历史演变。
1. 安德烈·博尔庞索夫安德烈·博尔庞索夫是《战争与和平》中最为引人注目的人物之一。
他是一个充满理想主义并追求真理、正义与荣誉的年轻军官。
然而，在纳瓦伦农场战役中，他经历了一次严重的创伤，改变了他对于战争和自己身份的看法。
随着时间的推移，他从一个理想主义者转变为对现实持怀疑态度的追求者。
安德烈在小说中所代表的历史演变正是这个时期整个欧洲社会的转变，从浪漫主义思潮走向现实主义。
2. 娜塔莎·罗斯托娃娜塔莎·罗斯托娃是另一个饱受关注的人物形象，《战争与和平》中她被描绘为一个充满活力、渴望自由和幸福的年轻女子。
她对爱情充满热情，同时也展现了作为一个具有自我意识女性，对权力和社会约束的反抗。
随着时间的推移，在战争和生活的挫折中，娜塔莎经历了巨大变化，逐渐从一个天真无邪的少女转变成为成熟并更加理解复杂人性的女性。
她在小说中所体现出来的历史演变与19世纪初期俄国社会中妇女地位逐渐提高、接受教育等社会变革相吻合。
3. 尼古拉伊·鲍尔季斯基尼古拉伊·鲍尔季斯基是一个充满矛盾和极端思维的人物形象。
他具有强烈的自我中心主义和追求权力的欲望。
尼古拉伊在小说中展现了一种权力意识的膨胀以及对他人命运不屑一顾的态度，这使他成为一个令人讨厌的角色。
然而，随着战争和社会变革的发展，尼古拉伊逐渐认识到自己所追求的权力并不是真正意义上的幸福。
他最终意识到家庭、友谊和爱情等真正重要的价值，并通过改变自己来实现内心的满足。
结论通过《战争与和平》中安德烈、娜塔莎和尼古拉伊这三个人物形象的分析，我们可以看到他们在小说中所代表的历史演变。
战争与家庭：《战争与和平》的家庭关系"战争与和平"是俄国作家列夫·托尔斯泰的巨著，以其广阔的叙事范围和深刻的家庭关系描绘而闻名。
作品以拿破仑时期的战争为背景，通过塑造不同家庭的形象，展现了战争对家庭的冲击和家庭在战争中的变迁。
文章开始——战争是一场恶果深重的灾难，不仅破坏城市和农田，还使家庭处于剧烈的动荡之中。
在《战争与和平》这本小说中，列夫·托尔斯泰通过塑造不同家庭的形象，揭示了战争对家庭关系所带来的深远影响。
小说中的主要家庭包括布卢赫人家、卡拉金家族、博尔金家族等等。
这些家庭由于战争而发生了巨大变故，每个家庭成员都因此被迫做出重大抉择，这些变故既是战争所导致的结果，也对家庭结构和关系产生了巨大的影响。
正如小说中描写的那样，战争打破了传统的社会层级和世代相传的家族观念。
在布卢赫人家中，尼古拉和玛丽亚以及他们的子女们分别被战争的残酷所摧毁。
他们不得不面对贫困、失去亲人以及社会法则的瓦解的问题。
尼古拉作为军人，在前线上被战争榨干了最后一滴血，而玛丽亚则因为丈夫的死亡而变得孤苦伶仃。
他们的孩子们也在战争中失去了纯真和安全感。
战争的摧残使得这个家庭陷入了深深的绝望中。
另一方面，卡拉金家族则展示了战争在俄罗斯家庭中引发的剧变。
尼古拉·罗斯托夫作为这个家族的支柱，在战争中经历了巨大的转变。
他对战争盲目的热情以及对家庭忠诚的冲突，使得他在战争的洪流中迷失了自己。
而他的妻子玛丽雅则在战争中体验了家庭的裂缝和痛苦，她的忧心忡忡和不安带给了家庭一种脆弱和不稳定的氛围。
博尔金家族则是小说中的另一个重要家庭，他们经历了种种战争引发的挑战和改变。
尽管他们在起初对战争持有同情的态度，但是随着战争的恶化，家庭的先祖和年轻一代都感受到了战争所带来的痛苦。
特别是尼古拉，他作为一个家族成员，不仅亲身经历了战争的残酷，也目睹了家庭的离散和死亡。
战争让博尔金家族的联系变得更加稀薄，他们为了自身的生存不得不放弃了一切，回归到最基本的生存需求上。
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战争与和平中英互译阅读《战争与和平》这本书，真是让人又爱又恨，简直就像一块儿老冰糖，外表硬邦邦的，咬下去却有甜蜜的惊喜。
说到这部经典，大家肯定都知道，故事背景是在拿破仑战争期间，人物众多，情节错综复杂，听上去就像是一场大型的家族聚会，每个人都有自己的故事。
书里的角色各有特色，就像那五彩缤纷的糖果，各种性格混杂在一起，真是让人目不暇接。
比如，皮埃尔那小子，懵懂而又执着，像极了咱们生活中那些理想主义者，想要改变世界，结果往往被现实狠狠打脸。
还有娜塔莎，天真可爱，有点儿像个甜美的梦，然而又容易被现实的风浪击倒，哎，爱情真是个复杂的家伙。
然后，咱们再聊聊书中那些战争场景，真是让人热血沸腾。
那些士兵，拼命厮杀，勇敢无畏，就像是被点燃的火焰，随时准备冲向敌人，听着枪声，心里真是五味杂陈，既有激情，又有无奈。
战斗不只是肉体的较量，更是心灵的碰撞，咱们能看到人性的光辉与阴暗，真是让人感慨万千。
书中那些描写战争的段落，语言真是生动，仿佛能听见炮火的轰鸣和士兵的呐喊，那种氛围，简直让人感受到什么叫生死瞬间，什么叫做命悬一线。
说到战争与和平的对比，哎呀，真是一道难解的题。
战争就像一头猛兽，吞噬着人们的希望，留下满地的伤痛。
而和平呢，又是那么的脆弱，就像是春天的花瓣，随时可能被风吹散。
人们为了追求和平，不惜一切代价，结果呢？却常常被战争的阴影笼罩。
咱们在书中可以看到，很多角色在这个过程中不断成长，蜕变，真是像是经历了一场人生的洗礼。
人啊，经历过这些，才会更加懂得珍惜身边的一切。
再说说那些家庭关系，真是复杂得像是麻花。
每个家庭成员都有自己的烦恼，互相之间的理解与误解，真是让人捧腹大笑又感到心酸。
就像皮埃尔和他的父亲之间的关系，时而亲密，时而疏远，谁说家庭一定要和睦？这书里的人物关系就像是生活的缩影，真实得让人忍不住想点头。
咱们每个人在家庭中，或多或少都有这样的故事，爱情、友情、亲情交织在一起，编织成了一幅丰富的画卷。
咱们再聊聊这本书的哲学思考，真是值得深思。
战争与和平中人物形象一.《战争与和平》中的四大家族1．库拉根家族库拉根家族是远离人民的宫廷贵族的典型，是朝廷和上流社会贪婪，愚蠢和无耻的代表，是一个对国家、民族没有半点责任感的家族。
阴险、狡猾、毫无节操和道德观念是这个家族的主要特征。
当俄国陷入困境，拿破仑逼近莫斯科的时候，他们毫不关心国家的安危，总是想升官发财。
库拉根的女儿爱仑是个“美丽的动物”，在祖国处于危难之际，她还以自己的美色逗引人，过着淫荡的生活。
库拉根的两个儿子伊包里特和阿那托尔，前者愚蠢，后者卑鄙堕落。
酒宴放荡，闲逸便是他们的追求的幸福生活的全部内容。
托尔斯泰在作品中猛烈的抨击道：“所有这一群人都攫取着卢布、十字勋章和官爵，而他们在捞取这些东西的时候所注意的仅仅是沙皇恩宠的鼻息。
”2．罗斯托夫家族罗斯托夫家族是作者美化的宗法制庄园贵族的典型，是作者笔下最动人、最富感染力和诗情画意的一个家族。
他们并不富裕，但充满了欢乐和生气。
罗斯托夫一家接近人民，保持着淳朴、热情、真挚、好客等特点，具有温情脉脉的庄园贵族的品质。
拿破仑入侵，他们都为祖国的命运焦急不安，决心为保卫祖国贡献一切力量。
尼古拉回到军队与敌人作战，娜塔莎自动为伤兵服务。
15岁的彼恰放弃了准备进入大学的愿望决定参军，最后为祖国献出了年轻的生命。
3．保尔康斯基家族保尔康斯基家族具有正直、爱国、孤傲的特点，保持了忠贞为国的老贵族的“古风”，老公爵以严厉为名，退居庄园后，一直和朝廷疏远，对宫廷保持批判态度。
他曾在军队服务，很重视苏沃诺夫的军事艺术。
当儿子安德烈和他告别从军时，他特别强调军人的荣誉和爱国的责任感。
1812年的战争震动了他，他毅然召集民兵与逼近的敌人进行斗争。
在激昂紧张的爱国活动中，他中风了，临死前还关怀着祖国的命运。
他的儿子安德烈是爱国者，女儿玛利亚同样是爱国传统的继承者，当她想到会受到法国人支配时就颤抖了。
4．别素号夫家族别素号夫家族是莫斯科最富裕的家族，关于这个家族，托尔斯泰着笔不多。
《战争与和平》双语简读《战争与和平》是俄国作家列夫·尼古拉耶维奇·托尔斯泰的代表作品。
文本以极其简洁的文字，卓越的、令人惊叹的心理分析，生动、鲜活地描绘了俄罗斯文学史上令人激动的一组人物形象。
整部作品构思宏伟、气势奔腾，有力地展示出了俄罗斯历史上最壮丽的一页——1812年卫国战争，展示出了战争前后俄罗斯波澜壮阔的社会生活画卷。
战争与和平War And PeaceWar and Peace (Russian: Война и мир, Voyna i mir) is a novel by Leo Tolstoy, first published from 1865 to 1869 in Russkii Vestnik (Russian: Русский Вестник, "Russian Messenger"), which tells the story of Russian society during the Napoleonic Era. It is usually described as one of Tolstoy's two major masterpieces (the other being Anna Karenina) as well as one of the world's greatest novels.War and Peace offered a new kind of fiction, with a great many characters caught up in a plot that covered nothing less than the grand subjects indicated by the title, combined with the equally large topics of youth, marriage, age, and death. Though it is often called a novel today, it broke so many conventions of the form that it was not considered a novel in its time. Indeed, Tolstoy himself considered Anna Karenina (1878) to be his first attempt at a novel in the European sense.War and Peace depicts a huge cast of characters, both historical and fictional, Russians and non-Russians, the majority of whom are introduced in the first book. The scope of the novel is extremely vast, but the narration focuses mainly on five or six characters whose differing personalities and experiences provide the impetus to the story, with mutual interactions leading up to, around and following the Napoleonic war.Book oneThe novel begins in the Russian city of Saint Petersburg, at a soirée given in July 1805 by Anna Pavlovna Scherer — the maid of honour and confidante to the queen mother Maria Feodorovna. The main players and aristocratic families of the novel are made known here. Pierre Bezukhov is the illegitimate son of a wealthy count who is dying of a stroke. Pierre becomes unexpectedly embroiled in a tussle for his inheritance. Educated abroad in France, with his mother dead, Pierre is essentially kindhearted, but is socially awkward owing to his goodhearted, open nature, and finds it difficult to integrate into the Petersburg society.Pierre's friend, the intelligent and sardonic Prince Andrei Bolkonsky, the husband of a charming wife Lise, also visits the soireé. Finding Petersburg society unctuous and starting to find married life little comfort as well, he chooses to be an aide-de-camp to Prince Mikhail Kutuzov in their coming war against Napoleon.Tolstoy then switches to Moscow, Russia's ancient city, as a contrast to Saint Petersburg. The Rostov family will be one of the main narrative players of the novel. The Moscow Count Ilya Rostov family has four adolescent children. Young Natasha is supposedly in love with Boris, a disciplined boyish officer and a relative. Nikolai pledges his teenage love to Sonya, his younger cousin. The eldest child of the Rostov family, Vera, is cold and somewhat haughty but has a good prospective marriage in a German officer, Berg. Petya is the youngest of the Rostov family; like his brother he is impetuous and eager to join the army when of age. The heads of the family, Count Ilya Rostov and Countess Natalya Rostova, are an affectionate couple but forever worriedabout their disordered finances.At Bald Hills, the Bolkonskys' country estate, Prince Andrei leaves his pregnant wife with his eccentric father Prince Nikolai Andreivitch Bolkonsky and devoutly religious sister Maria Bolkonskaya. He leaves for war.The first page of War and Peace in an early editionThe second part opens with descriptions of the impending Russian-French war preparations. At the Schngrabern engagement, Nikolai Rostov, who is now conscripted as ensign in a squadron of hussars, has his first baptism of fire in battle. He meets Prince Andrei whom he does not really like. Like all young soldiers he is attracted by Tsar Alexandr’s charisma. However Nikolai gambles recklessly and socializes with the lisping Denisov and the ruthless Dolokhov.Book TwoBook Two begins with Nikolai Rostov briefly returning home to Moscow on home leave in early 1806. Nikolai finds the Rostov family facing financial ruin due to poor estate management. With Denisov he spends an eventful winter home. Natasha has blossomed into a beautiful young girl. Denisov proposes to her but is rejected. Although his mother pleads with Nikolai to find himself a good financial prospect in marriage, Nikolai refuses to accede to his mother's request. He promises to marry his childhood sweetheart, the orphaned, penniless cousin Sonya.If there is a central character to War and Peace it is Pierre Bezukhov, who, upon receiving an unexpected inheritance, is suddenly burdened with the responsibilities and conflicts of a Russian nobleman. He then enters into marriage with Prince Kuragin's beautiful and immoral daughter Hélène (lena), against his own better judgement. He is continually helpless in the faceof his wife's numerous affairs, has a duel with one of her lovers, and is faced with anguish as all this happens. He later joins the Freemasons but becomes embroiled in some of the Freemasonry's politicking. Much of Book Two concerns his struggles with his passions and his spiritual conflicts to be a better man. Now a rich aristocrat, his former carefree behavior vanishes and he enters upon a philosophical quest particular to Tolstoy: how should one live a moral life in an ethically imperfect world? The question constantly baffles and confuses Pierre. He attempts to free his peasants, but ultimately achieves nothing of note.Pierre is vividly contrasted with the intelligent and ambitious Prince Andrei Bolkonsky. At the Battle of Austerlitz, Andrei is inspired by a vision of glory to lead a charge of a straggling army. He suffers a near fatal artillery wound which renders him unconscious. At the face of death Andrei realizes all his former ambitions are pointless and his former hero, Napoleon (who rescues him in a horseback excursion to the battlefield), is apparently as vain as himself.Prince Andrei recovers from his injuries in a military hospital, and returns home, only to find his wife Lise dying during childbirth. He is struck by his guilty conscience for not treating Lise better when she was alive.Burdened with nihilistic disillusionment, Prince Andrei lives anonymously in his estate until he is led to a philosophical argument with Pierre one day. When Pierre visits his estate he poses the question: where is God in this amoral world? Pierre points to panentheism and an afterlife.Young Natasha meets Andrei during her very first ball, and briefly reinvigorates Andrei with her lively vitality. Andrei believeshe has found purpose in life again. However the couple's immediate plan to marry has to be postponed with a year-long engagement.When Prince Andrei leaves for his military engagements, Elena and her handsome brother Anatole conspire for Anatole to seduce and dishonor the young, still immature and now beautiful Natasha Rostova. They bait her with plans of an elopement. Thanks to Sonya and Pierre, this plan fails, yet, for Pierre, it is the cause of an important meeting with Natasha. He realizes he has now fallen in love with Natasha. During the time when the Great Comet of 1811–2 streaks the sky, life appears to begin anew for Pierre.Book ThreeNatasha breaks off her engagement with Andrei. Shamed by her near-seduction, she has a very serious illness and, with the help of her family; Pierre; and religious faith, manages to tide through this dark period of her life.Meanwhile the whole of Russia is affected by the coming showdown between Napoleon's troops and the Russian army. Pierre convinces himself Napoleon is the Antichrist in Revelation through numerology. The old prince Bolkonsky dies from a stroke. In Moscow, Petya manages to snatch a loose piece of the Tsar's biscuit outside the Cathedral of the Assumption; he finally convinces his parents to allow him to conscript.Meanwhile Nikolai unexpectedly acts as a white knight to the beleaguered Maria Bolkonskaya, whose father's death has left her in the mercy of an estate of hostile, rebelling peasants. Struck by Maria, whom he is seeing for the first time, Nikolai reconsiders marriage and finds Maria's devotion, consideration, and inheritance extremely attractive. But he is restricted by his earlier,youthful pledge to Sonya, and hesitates to woo Maria.As Napoleon pushes through Russia, Pierre decides to leave Moscow and to watch the Battle of Borodino from a vantage point next to a Russian artillery crew. After watching for a time, he begins to join in carrying ammunition. From within the turmoil he experiences first-hand the death and destruction of war. The battle becomes a horrible slaughter for both armies and ends up a standoff. The Russians, however, have won a moral victory by standing up to Napoleon's seemingly invincible army. Having suffered huge losses and for strategic reasons, the Russian army withdraws the next day, allowing Napoleon to march on to Moscow.Book FourBook Four climaxes Napoleon's invasion of Russia. When Napoleon's Grand Army occupies an abandoned and burning Moscow, Pierre takes off on a quixotic mission to assassinate Napoleon. He becomes an anonymous man in all the chaos, shedding his responsibilities by wearing peasant clothes and shunning his duties and lifestyle. The only person he sees while in this garb is Natasha, who recognizes him, and he in turn realizes the full scope of his love for her.His plan fails, and he is captured in Napoleon's headquarters as a prisoner of war after saving a child from a burning building and assaulting a French legionnaire for attacking a woman. He becomes friends with his cell-mate Platòn Karataev, a peasant with a saintly demeanor, who is incapable of malice. In Karataev Pierre finally finds what he is looking for, an honest, "rounded" person who is totally without pretense. Karataev is unlike those from the Petersburg aristocratic society, and also notably a member of the working class, with whom Pierre finds meaning inlife simply by living and interacting with him. After witnessing French soldiers sacking Moscow and shooting Russian civilians arbitrarily, Pierre is forced to march with the Grand Army during its disastrous retreat from Moscow owing to the harsh winter. After months of trial and tribulation — during which Karataev is capriciously shot by the French —Pierre is later freed by a Russian raiding party after a small skirmish with the French that sees the young Petya Rostov killed in action.Meanwhile Andrei, wounded during Napoleon’s invasion, is taken in as a casualty cared for by the fleeing Rostovs. He is reunited with Natasha and sister Maria before the end of the war. Having lost all will to live after forgiving Natasha, he dies, much like the death scene at the end of The Death of Ivan Ilych.As the novel draws to a close, Pi erre’s wife Elena dies (sometime during the last throes of Napoleon’s invasion); and Pierre is reunited with Natasha, while the victorious Russians rebuild Moscow. Natasha speaks of Prince Andrei’s death and Pierre of Karataev’s. Both are aware of a growin g bond with each other in their bereavement. Matchmade by Princess Marya, Pierre finds love at last and, revealing his love after being released from his former wife’s death, marries Natasha.EpiloguesThe first epilogue begins with the wedding of Pierre and Natasha, in 1813. It is the last happy event for the Rostov family which is going through a transition. Count Ilya Rostov dies soon after, leaving the eldest son Nikolai to take charge of the debt-ridden estate.Nikolai finds himself with the near-impossible task of maintaining the family on the verge of bankruptcy. His pride almost gets in the way of him, but Nikolai finally accedes to hismother's wish and marries the now-rich Marya Bolkonskaya in winter 1813, both out of feeling and out of the necessity to save his family from ruin.Nikolai Rostov and Marya then move to Bald Hills with his mother and Sonya, whom he supports for the rest of their life. Buoyed on by his wife's funds, Nikolai pays off all his family's debts. They also raise Prince Andrei's orphaned son, Nikolai Bolkonsky.Like in all marriages there are minor squabbles but the couples –Pierre and Natasha, Nikolai and Marya –remain devoted to their spouses. Pierre and Natasha visit Bald Hills in 1820, much to the jubilation of everyone concerned. There is a hint in the closing chapters that the idealistic, boyish Nikolai Bolkonsky (15-year-old in 1820) and Pierre would both become part of the Decembrist Uprising. The first epilogue concludes with Nikolai Bolkonsky promising he would do something which even his late father "would be satisfied…" (presumably as a revolutionary in the Decembrist revolt).The second epilogue sums up T olstoy’s views on history, free will and in what ways the two may interact to cause major events in humankind. in a long, partially historical and partly philosophical essay, where the narrator discusses how man cannot be wholly free, or wholly determined by "necessity" and this is primarily down to God.Tolstoy's view of historyTolstoy does not subscribe to the "great man" view of history: the notion that history is the story of strong personalities that move events and shape societies. He believes that events shape themselves, caused by social and other forces; and great men take advantage of them, changing them but not creating them.As an example, he compares Napoleon and Kutuzov. Napoleon, the Great Man, thought he had created the French Revolution, but actually he had simply happened along at the right time and usurped it. Kutuzov was more modest and more effective.Napoleon believed that he could control the course of a battle through sending orders through couriers, while Kutuzov admits that all he could do was to plan the initial disposition and then let subordinates direct the field of action. Typically, Napoleon would be frantically sending out orders throughout the course of a battle, carried by dashing young lieutenants—which were often misinterpreted or made irrelevant by changing conditions—while Kutuzov would sit quietly in his tent and often sleep through the battle. Ultimately, Napoleon chooses wrongly, opting to march on to Moscow and occupy it for five fatal weeks, when he would have been better off destroying the Russian army in a decisive battle. Instead, his numerically superior army dissipate on a huge scale, thanks to large scale looting and pillaging, and lack of direction for his force. General Kutuzov believes time to be his best ally, and refrains from engaging the French. He moves his army out of Moscow, and the residents evacuate the city: the nobles flee to their country estates, taking their treasures with them; lesser folk flee wherever they can, taking food and supplies. The French march into Moscow and disperse to find housing and supplies, then ultimately destroy themselves as they accidentally burn the city to the ground and then abandon it in late Fall, then limp back toward the French border in the teeth of a Russian Winter. They are all but destroyed by a final Cossack attack as they straggle back toward the west. Tolstoy observes that Kutuzuv didn't burn Moscow as a "scorched earth policy," nor did Napoleon; but after taking the city,Napoleon moved his troops in, to find housing more or less by chance in the abandoned houses: generals appropriated the grander houses, lesser men took what was left over; units were dispersed, and the chain of command dissolved into chaos. Quickly, his tightly disciplined army dissolved into a disorganized rabble; and of course, if one leaves a wooden city in the hands of strangers who naturally use fire to warm themselves, cook food, and smoke pipes, and have not learned how particular Russian families safely used their stoves and lamps (some of which they had taken with them as they fled the city), fires will break out. In the absence of an organized fire department, the fires will spread. As support for his outlook on history, Tolstoy concludes that the city was destroyed not by the freewill of either Napoleon or Kutuzov, but as an inevitable consequence of battle-weary foreign invaders occupying an abandoned wooden city.。
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托尔斯泰《战争与和平》主要人物关系表别祖霍夫家别祖霍夫伯爵（基里尔·弗拉基米罗维奇）叶卡捷琳娜二世宠臣、巨商皮埃尔（彼得·基里洛维奇·别祖霍夫伯爵）老别祖霍夫伯爵私生子大公爵小姐（三姐妹）老别祖霍夫伯爵的侄女罗斯托夫家罗斯托夫伯爵（伊利亚·安德烈耶维奇）莫斯科没落贵族罗斯托夫伯爵夫人（娜塔莉娅）老罗斯托夫伯爵之妻尼古拉·罗斯托夫伯爵老罗斯托夫伯爵长子、骠骑军官彼得·罗斯托夫伯爵老罗斯托夫伯爵次子薇拉·罗斯托娃伯爵小姐老罗斯托夫伯爵长女娜塔莎（娜塔莉娅·伊利尼奇娜·罗斯托娃）老罗斯托夫伯爵次女后来做了皮埃尔的妻子索尼娅（索菲娅·亚历山德罗夫娜）老罗斯托夫伯爵外甥女贝格（阿尔方斯·卡尔洛维奇）军官，后与薇拉结婚库拉金家瓦西里公爵（谢尔盖耶维奇·库拉金）伊波利特·库拉金瓦西里公爵长子阿纳托利·库拉金瓦西里公爵次子海伦（叶连娜·瓦西里耶夫娜·库拉金娜）瓦西里公爵之女，与皮埃尔结婚，后离异博尔孔斯基家博尔孔斯基公爵（尼古拉·安德烈伊奇）退职老军官安德烈·博尔孔斯基老博尔孔斯基公爵之子玛丽亚（费奥多罗夫娜·博尔孔斯卡娅）老博尔孔斯基公爵之女虔诚基督教徒，长得有点丑丽莎（丽莎韦塔·博尔孔斯卡娅）安德烈公爵之妻布里安（阿马利娅·叶夫根尼耶夫娜）玛丽亚女伴，法国籍美人其它多洛霍夫（费奥多尔，费佳）骠骑军官玛丽亚。
伊万诺夫娜多洛霍夫母亲鲍里斯·德鲁别茨科伊骠骑军官安娜·米哈伊诺夫娜·德鲁别茨卡娅鲍里斯的母亲朱莉·卡拉金娜后与鲍里斯结婚安内特（安娜·帕夫洛夫娜·舍列尔）俄皇太后宫廷女官杰尼索夫（瓦西里·德米特里耶维奇）骠骑军官普拉东·卡拉塔耶夫农民库图佐夫（米哈伊尔·伊拉里奥诺维奇）俄军统帅巴格拉季翁俄军将领温岑格罗德库图佐夫待从武官拿破仑（拿破仑·波拿巴）的三个元帅：缪拉、拉纳、贝利亚尔最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改赠人玫瑰，手留余香。
战争与和平主要人物及特点一.战争与和平中的四大家族1．库拉金家族库拉金家族是远离人民的宫廷贵族的典型,是朝廷和上流社会贪婪,愚蠢和无耻的代表,是一个对国家、民族没有半点责任感的家族;阴险、狡猾、毫无节操和道德观念是这个家族的主要特征;当俄国陷入困境,拿破仑逼近莫斯科的时候,他们毫不关心国家的安危,总是想升官发财;库拉金的女儿爱仑是个“美丽的动物”,在祖国处于危难之际,她还以自己的美色逗引人,过着淫荡的生活;库拉金的两个儿子伊包里特和阿那托尔,前者愚蠢,后者卑鄙堕落;酒宴放荡,闲逸便是他们的追求的幸福生活的全部内容;托尔斯泰在作品中猛烈的抨击道：“所有这一群人都攫取着卢布、十字勋章和官爵,而他们在捞取这些东西的时候所注意的仅仅是沙皇恩宠的鼻息;”2．罗斯托夫家族罗斯托夫家族是作者美化的宗法制庄园贵族的典型,是作者笔下最动人、最富感染力和诗情画意的一个家族;他们并不富裕,但充满了欢乐和生气;罗斯托夫一家接近人民,保持着淳朴、热情、真挚、好客等特点,具有温情脉脉的庄园贵族的品质;拿破仑入侵,他们都为祖国的命运焦急不安,决心为保卫祖国贡献一切力量;尼古拉回到军队与敌人作战,娜塔莎自动为伤兵服务;15岁的彼恰放弃了准备进入大学的愿望决定参军,最后为祖国献出了年轻的生命;3．保尔康斯基家族保尔康斯基家族具有正直、爱国、孤傲的特点,保持了忠贞为国的老贵族的“古风”,老公爵以严厉为名,退居庄园后,一直和朝廷疏远,对宫廷保持批判态度;他曾在军队服务,很重视苏沃诺夫的军事艺术;当儿子安德烈和他告别从军时,他特别强调军人的荣誉和爱国的责任感;1812年的战争震动了他,他毅然召集民兵与逼近的敌人进行斗争;在激昂紧张的爱国活动中,他中风了,临死前还关怀着祖国的命运;他的儿子安德烈是爱国者,女儿玛利亚同样是爱国传统的继承者,当她想到会受到法国人支配时就颤抖了;4．别祖霍夫家族别祖霍夫家族是莫斯科最富裕的家族,关于这个家族,托尔斯泰着笔不多;这个家族是爱国的家族;皮埃尔是这个家族的代表人物;二、人物形象战争与和平一共写了559个人物,其中能给我们留下深刻印象的不下三十个,现选主要几个简单分析;1．安德烈·保尔康斯基公爵战争与和平最初八页开始出现的人物;他二十六岁,在受到朝廷宠遇的宫廷女官舍雷尔沙龙里的客人中间显得落落寡欢、不随流俗;“那些客厅里的人对他来讲不都是些熟人,但他讨厌他们,甚至看他们一眼,听他们说句话都感到腻味;”安德烈公爵为自己不得不和这个上流社会保持联系而痛苦,在他看来,这个上流社会是虚伪的,欺骗的,寡廉鲜耻的;他对皮埃尔讲：“这就是我在这里过的生活——我很不适应;”2．皮埃尔·别祖霍夫皮埃尔和安德烈有两个共同的特点：一是对现有制度抱批判否定态度,并随着他们思想性格的发展,这些批判性越来越尖锐、深刻；二是不看重自己的贵族地位,不安于自己豪华富有的生活,却认真探索人生的目的和意义,把解决农民的痛苦、祖国的前途当作自己的最终目标;当然,他们追求真理、走向人民的途径是不相同的,安德烈由于自身的一些优越条件,主要是通过在政府和军队的工作,认识了专制农奴制度的腐败性,了解人民的；而皮埃尔主要是通过他直接接触人民的各种生活,使他在思想性格上得到成长;3.娜塔莎·罗斯托娃娜塔莎·罗斯托娃是战争与和平中最动人的女性形象;在托尔斯泰的心目中,她是生命和幸福的化身;在小说的提要中,她被形容成一个“可爱而富于诗意的淘气鬼;”父亲提起她来时常说她是“火药”,母亲亲切的称她为“我的哥萨克”;皮埃尔说她简直令人消魂;但托尔斯泰笔下,她“一点也算不上漂亮”;她的面孔的全部特点是不吸引人的,眼睛小,额头窄,鼻子不坏,但脸的下部、下巴和嘴都是太大,嘴唇又是不成比例的显得厚了一点;你把她端详后,就简直闹不明白,她为什么讨人喜欢;”但娜塔莎一说话：“小姑娘的声音是这样柔软和富于变化,就象她的全部外貌一样,她所做的一切,都好象应该那么做,只有那么做才恰如其分的;”这段话是把握娜塔沙的外貌,同时也是揭示她的内心世界的一把钥匙;在这种基调——罕见的活泼、性格的多变加上天性的优雅——之上形成了这个“迷人精”的动人形象;4.库图佐夫托尔斯泰遵循平凡与伟大,普通与英雄紧密结合的原则,塑造了1812年卫国战争的领导者库图佐夫的形象;托尔斯泰认为,任何天才的历史人物,在历史的进程中都应服从人民群众的愿望和要求；是广大军民伟大的精神力量产生卓越的统帅;库图佐夫力量的源泉来自人民的爱国主义,在他的活动中体现了人民的思想和愿望;托尔斯泰称赞他为“民族战争的代表”和“真正伟大的人物”;5.拿破仑战争与和平中拿破仑的形象和库图佐夫的形象形成了鲜明的对比,在作家笔下,拿破仑是这次战争的罪魁祸首,是个惟我独尊的个人野心家,他娇柔做作,自高自大,爱好虚荣,贪图权势;拿破仑认为个人的意志可以决定历史的进程,他为实现个人的野心,不惜牺牲千百万人的生命去进行掠夺战争;托尔斯泰一反欧洲历史学家的观点,把他们称道的赫赫一世的“英雄”,描写成一个渺小可耻的利己主义者,并加以辛辣的嘲讽,显然,这表现了艺术家托尔斯泰进步的观点和爱国主义立场,虽然作者没有全面正确估计拿破仑的一生的功过,但却入木三分的揭示了拿破仑的大资产阶级的侵略本质;。
人物的复杂性：《战争与和平》的角色分析《战争与和平》是俄国作家托尔斯泰的代表作之一，它以拙实的叙述和丰富的人物描写而蜚声国际。
小说中的众多角色展现了世事变幻中人性的复杂性，让人深思。
本文将分析《战争与和平》中几个关键角色的复杂性，探讨他们的思想、行为和命运。
1. 皮埃尔·别古佐夫（Pierre Bezukhov）皮埃尔·别古佐夫是小说中最引人注目的角色之一。
他是一个富有的俄国贵族，胖乎乎的外表和古怪的行为使他显得与众不同。
然而，皮埃尔内心深处有着对生活意义的追求，他经历了自我怀疑、迷茫和探索的过程。
他痛苦地思考着人生的意义，反对社会的虚伪和不公。
皮埃尔的复杂性在于他的思想和行为之间的张力。
他不惧社会压力，坚持自己的信念，同时不断努力去改变自己和周围的世界。
2. 安德烈·博尔康斯基（Andrei Bolkonsky）安德烈·博尔康斯基是另一个具有复杂性的角色。
他是一个理性而冷漠的军官，对于荣誉和责任有着强烈的追求。
然而，他的冷漠与内心的矛盾相对立。
安德烈经历了一系列的战争和个人悲剧，逐渐认识到真正的意义不在于权力和地位，而在于家庭和个人幸福。
他从冷漠转变为接受爱和友谊，这一内心转变使得他的复杂性更加突出。
3. 娜塔莎·罗斯托娃（Natasha Rostova）娜塔莎·罗斯托娃是小说中的女主角，她是一个年轻热情、贪玩又无忧无虑的少女。
然而，随着时间的推移，娜塔莎逐渐成熟，并面临着人生的重大选择。
她在爱情、婚姻和家庭的追求中经历了许多困惑和挣扎。
娜塔莎的复杂性在于她的内心冲突和追求自由的渴望与社会习俗之间的张力。
她最终通过对自身的成长和觉醒，找到了自己的真正幸福。
4. 安娜·彼埃罗芙娜·谢尔盖耶芙娜·谢尔盖耶芙娜（Anna Pavlovna Scherer）安娜是一个典型的俄罗斯上流社会女性，她聪明狡诈，喜欢捣鼓闲事。
19世纪初As the 19th century began...欧洲大♥陆♥被一片阴影所笼罩a darkening shadow moved across the face of Europe.这片阴影为一个人所驱动This shadow was propelled by the voice of one man...那就是拿破仑·波拿巴Napoleon Bonaparte.只有俄♥国♥和英国在顽强抵抗拿破仑的大军Only Russia and England offered impressive resistance.在俄♥国♥ 天空仍然很晴朗阳光灿烂Over Russia the weather was clear...the sun was shining.对俄♥国♥来说拿破仑还是远在天边Napoleon was a thousand miles away...莫斯科的街道上正举♥行♥浩大的阅兵丁式and the streets of Moscow were excellent for parades.真壮观好威武啊不是吗皮尔Splendid sight. Splendid men. Eh, Pierre?-这只是阅兵式 -你什么意思-For parades. -What do you mean by that?请别忘了我看见过法国人的阅兵式Remember. I've seen the French marching too.别告诉我他们的阅兵式比这个壮观Don't tell me they march better than that.但他们的军队是由欧洲最伟大的人率领的Led by the greatest man in Europe.拿破仑Bonaparte?他是篡位者是杀人犯是逆臣A usurper. A murderer. A deposer of kings.他是巨人A colossus.是一股清风是摧枯拉朽的力量A fresh wind. A cleansing force.你父亲听到你这样说的时候会怎样说What does your father say when he hears you say things like that? 我和父亲之间不谈论这些We don't talk about things like that, my father and I.他现在怎样了How is he?医生说他随时可能归西The doctors say he will die at any moment.你去看过他吗Have you been to see him?我在等他的传唤呢I'm waiting to be asked.一切都是上帝安排的In heaven all things will be arranged.我认为这是句谣言I believe that's the rumor.记住皮尔只要你愿意这就是你的家Remember, Pierre, this is your home when you want it to be... 若斯多家的大门永远为你敞开and the Rostovs are your family when you want them to be. 我吸烟吸的太多了I smoke too much.多好看啊你怎么能忍♥住不和他们一起去呢Isn't it lovely? How can you bear not to go with them?我可以忍♥住I can bear it.如果我是男人我会下去If I were a man, I'd be down there...骑在黑♥马♥的背上挥舞着佩剑riding a terrible black horse, waving a sword.这不公平It's so unfair.只有男人才允许有这样的快乐Men are the only people permitted to have any fun.怎么啦娜塔莎What is it, Natasha?这么多英俊的年轻人要远征去作战All those handsome young men marching away to fight...然后被杀戮to be killed.别怕进来Don't be frightened. Come on.尼古拉斯Nicholas!嗯怎么样Well, what's this?你穿上制♥服♥精神极了You look so dazzling in your uniform.但你要去那么远And you're going so far away.奥地利只是几里路那么远Austria is miles.我在地图上看见过奥地利I looked it up...on the map.那个凶残的拿破仑That brute Napoleon.奥地利有世界上最漂亮的手镯The Austrians make the most beautiful bracelets.-我会给你带一个回来的 -尼古拉斯带两个吧-I'll bring you back one. -Nicholas, two.-两手各戴一个才好看 -好带两个-They're wearing them in pairs. -Two.皮尔你还记得我表妹宋雅吗她将过来和我们住在一起Pierre, you remember our cousin Sonya? She's come to stay with us.当然记得但她好像比我上次见她时年轻了好多Of course, although she was considerably younger the last time I saw her.女孩子长的很快的Girls grow up, Pierre, very fast.他看起来是不是很威武Doesn't he look glorious?谁不觉得爸妈的孩子都是这样帅的呢Who would've thought Mama and Papa would have had such handsome children? 妈妈你听见我说的了吗Mother, did you hear that?立正Now attention.尼古拉斯若斯多伯爵Ensign Count Nicholas Rostov...我授予你I decorate you with the order of...指挥万物的权力absolutely everything.我认为当她嘲笑军队时你们不应该跟着一起笑I don't think you ought to laugh at her when she makes jokes about the army.女人皮塔不要把他们的话太当真Oh, well, Petya, women...you have to humor them a little.你看上去真帅唉我要是长大了多好You do look shiny, Nicholas. If only I was old enough.-很快的皮塔 -还要很久的-That'll come, Petya. -Not in time.等我长大了就没有法国人给我杀了By the time I'm old enough, there won't be a Frenchman left to be killed.别担心皮塔总是有许多法国人的Don't worry, Petya. There will always be plenty of Frenchmen.祝你好运Good luck.你对战争的了解的确很在行With your views on war, that's very civil of you.但是皮尔为什么你不参军呢But seriously, Pierre, why don't you take a commission?对男人来说这很容易的你只要决定去做就行了It's so easy for men. All you have to do is decide to do something. Then do it. 如果你是男人的话你会怎么做呢If you were a man what would you decide to do?我要成为很有权力的人I'd decide to become enormously powerful.要成为沙皇最可信任的大臣I'd become the czar's most trusted minister...没有我的意见沙皇都不会鲁莽出兵and he wouldn't dare make a move without consulting me.你可以当我的参谋当诸侯国的决策者And you would sit at my right hand and judge the nations.如果诸侯国有纷争或者不平的事发生Whenever anything was complicated or an injustice was being done...你可以判断对错你的话就是他们的法律the case would be laid before you and your word would be law.为什么是我Why me?因为你的心是纯净的你是个好人Because your heart is pure and you're good.不错啊亲爱的Well done, my dear. Well done.听你这样说我不走都不行了On that note, I think I should leave.如果你真的有那样的权力你会怎么做What about if you did have that power, what would you do?我I?我会犹豫的I would hesitate.我真的该走了Now I really must go.下次再来啊Come again soon.我送你我的犹豫参谋I'll walk you to the door, my Lord Hesitator.-再见皮尔 -再见-Good-bye, Pierre. -Come soon again.你会再来吗You will come again soon, won't you?爸妈不会说出来Mama and Papa don't show it,但我知道尼古拉斯走后他们会很孤独的but they're gonna be lonely when Nicholas is gone.-他们很喜欢看见你 -好我会常来的-And they do love seeing you. -Yes, of course I'll come.我喜欢这里喜欢这个家I love this house and the whole family.这个家这不像你想像的简单The whole family? That's not as simple as you think.你说什么What do you mean by that?哦河面上肯定会有暗流的Oh, there are currents and countercurrents.你去哪去多勒夫家吗Now, where are you going? To Dolokhov's rooms?被你猜对了你怎么知道的As a matter of fact I am. How did you know?我听见了I hear things, I hear things.走吧去过你的恶心放荡的夜生活吧Go. Go to your night of disgusting and fascinating debauchery. 大家听着我们来打个赌Careful. There's a bet on here.去给我拿一瓶朗姆酒Go on. Bring me a bottle of rum.你们两个把这个打开And you two, break this up.好简单点说吧Now, let's get this straight.我和安多乐王子打个赌赌50金卢布Fifty imperials against Prince Anatole Kuragin...我会站在窗框上手不扶任何东西that I will drink a bottle of rum without taking it from my mouth.然后一口气喝完一瓶朗姆酒Balancing on the outside ledge and not touching the sides of the windows. 安多乐赌100块如何Want to make it a hundred, Anatole?50块就够你输的了Fifty's enough for you to lose.来下来你这个胆小鬼Here. Get down from there, you weaklings.考克若斯过来Calculus, come on.-过来 -你来-Come on. -You do it.哈莫斯科Hail Moscow!给我Give me that.别发狂多勒夫你会摔死的Don't be crazy, Dolokhov. You'll be killed.你再碰我一下我就把你扔下去If you touch me again I will throw you down there...你们也一样and that goes for everyone of you here.继续演奏我花钱请你们来做什么的Play, play! What are we paying you for?朋友们Now then, my friends.记住要一口气喝完啊Remember, without taking the bottle from your lips, huh?50块安多乐Fifty imperials, Anatole.你们谁也能这样做的话我赌100And it's double for anyone else who will do it.我来不要钱I'll do it for nothing...without a bet.你上窗框都有些晕了You get dizzy walking up a flight of steps.走开Get out of my way.给我一瓶酒Give me a bottle.-下来 -嘴巴不能离开你的酒瓶啊-Get down from there. -Can't take the bottle from your mouth...-皮尔下来 -不让他做完再说-Get down from there, Pierre. -No, let him do it.你父亲传你去Your father's calling for you.对不起先生们Excuse me, gentlemen.你还是喝点冷水吧I suggest a little cold water first.我等你I'll wait for you.安德鲁王子Prince Andre.那个老家伙真的要死了吗Is the old boy really dying this time?医生说波朱可夫伯爵肯定活不过今晚The doctors are fairly certain Count Bezukhov won't last the night. 我父亲和姐姐在那里吗Are my father and sister there?你父亲在那里海伦♥公♥主也很快会到Your father was there and the Princess Helene was expected.那好我不必去了家里有人代表了That's good. I don't have to go. The family's well represented.小心点Careful, careful.你对我很失望吗You disapprove of me?你肯定是很失望Of course you do.如果不是都不可能You'd be wrong if you didn't.在我父亲行将就木的病塌前Arriving at the deathbed of my father bleary-eyed...双眼血红醉醺醺的出现stinking of alcohol.我父亲也会很失望的He disapproves, too, my father.这倒也很公平Well, that's fair enough.我对他也很失望I disapprove of many things about him.最重要的是他没有娶我母亲为妻Chiefly, I disapprove of the fact that he didn't marry my mother. 如果我是他合法的继承人的话Perhaps if I was legitimate...上帝我有罪恶但情有可原I have sinned, Lord, but I have several excellent excuses.安德鲁你听我说了怎么多还是很失望吗With all that, Andre, you still disapprove?你没有活出自己的价值皮尔You're not being worthy of yourself, Pierre.你对不起自己的潜力You're not living up to the best things in yourself.你本应该成为一个人物的You must be somebody.这就是难题的开始当个人物当什么That's where the puzzle begins. Be somebody. Be what?我是谁我是下一个波朱可夫伯爵吗Who am I? Am I the next Count Bezukhov...拥有大量的房♥产和显赫的爵位Iord of vast estates and the fixed positions...手握重权吗fixed responsibilities?不是Not quite.我父亲不确定我确实是他的儿子My father cannot quite acknowledge that I am his son...但也不确定我确实不是他的儿子but he cannot quite acknowledge that I am not his son.这让所有人都不舒服包括我在内That makes everybody uncomfortable, including myself.你应该定个目标找到一个出发点Well, you must aim at something, find a beginning.你说的没错别以为我没有这样想过Oh, you're right. Don't think I don't agree with you.每天早晨我醒来后都对自己痛恨不已Each morning I wake up, I'm disgusted with myself...恨自己昨晚的所作所为with what I did the night before.我告诉自己今天要有个改变I tell myself today...a change.如果那天我心血来潮我会说If my headache is bad enough, I say...皮尔你一定要从今天开始当个圣人"Pierre, today you must take steps to become a saint."我会说今天去俱乐部只是去看看别人打牌I say, I'll drop in at the club and watch the card playing.然后再喝杯水Just order a glass of water...这样我就可以证明自己是能抵御诱惑的to prove to myself how marvelously I resist temptation.然后有人过来对我说Then someone comes along and says...就喝一杯伏特加吧皮尔"Just one vodka, Pierre."第二天早上我的头会更痛而钱包会更空Next morning my headache is worse, my pockets are emptier.你一定有什么是想实现的There must be something you wanna do.当然我想去探索Of course. I wanna discover.-探索什么 -所有的事-Discover what? -Everything.我想知道为什么我明明知道这是错的还要去做I want to discover why I know what's right and still do what's wrong.我想知道什么是幸福I wanna discover what happiness is...值不值得为幸福付出这么多and what value there is in suffering.我想知道为什么男人要去参战I wanna discover why men go to war...想知道他们在对上帝祈祷时and what they really say...心里在说什么deep in their hearts when they pray to God.我想知道男人和女人在恋爱时心里的感觉I wanna discover what it is that men and women feel when they say they love. 你看我是怎么的忙You see, there's enough to keep me busy.要了解我可不容易吧It's hard for you to understand someone like me.对你来说什么事都是很清楚的Everything is so clear for you.你总是对自己想要做什么知道的很清楚You always know exactly what you must do and you do it.-不错 -你和我不同-Exactly. -You're different from me.你读书你会得到启迪You study, you become enlightened.我读书反而会更加迷茫I study, I become confused.你恋爱然后结婚你坚信然后行动You love, you marry. You believe, you act.有战争你就参战There's a war, you serve.如果真的像你所说的一样就好啦How wonderful it would be if I really answered to your description.-你确实是这样的 -我来告诉你错在哪里吧-You do, I tell you. -Shall I show you how wrong you are?我了解你我没错I know you. I'm not wrong.你知道我为什么要参战吗Do you know why I'm going to the war?你以为是因为我觉得拿破仑是一个怪物You think it's because I think that Napoleon is a monster?你以为这是因为我们为You think I believe that we have any business fighting Austria's battles... 2000英里远的奥地利打仗有什么好处吗2,000 miles from home?你觉得是因为我想俄♥国♥在这次战争后会更强大吗You think that I think Russia will be a greater nation when this war is over? 那你是为什么Then why are you going?因为我娶了一个全莫斯科Because I'm married to one of the most loving and honorable...最漂亮迷人的女人and attractive women in Moscow...我受不了了and I can't stand it.皮尔千万不要结婚Never, never marry, Pierre.如果你要结婚就等你老了一事无成时再做吧Or if you must marry, marry when you're old and good for nothing. 不然你所有的事业都会被毁Or else everything that is fine and noble in you will be lost.你会在琐碎的事中荒废You'll waste yourself on trifles.真的别这样看我Yes, yes, don't look at me like that.你看看拿破仑You talk of Bonaparte and his career.如果拿破仑很年轻时就结婚了的话If Bonaparte had married when he was young...他现在一定还是一个碌碌无为的小上尉he'd still be a half-pay captain in Marseilles...每天提着他夫人的包参加聚会going to dinner parties and carrying his wife's handbag...或者请些笨蛋来他家里and inviting idiots to his house because his wife...因为他的夫人想他们来聚会wanted to be invited to their houses.安德鲁王子Prince Andre.海伦♥公♥主Princess Helene.你没有跟我弟弟说我在这里等他吗Didn't you tell my brother that he was expected here?-我说了 -他来了吗-I did. -Isn't he coming?我想他不会来的了I believe not.谢谢Thank you.他怎么样瓦利王爷How is he, Prince Vasili?他的神父和他在一起His confessor is with him.正在为他做涂油礼They are giving him extreme unction.他让你进去He was asking for you.我希望你去的时候精神些I hope you are in a proper condition to see him at this time. 跟我来Follow me.去吧我等你Go ahead. I'll wait for you here.请皮尔先生If you please, Monsieur Pierre.他希望你能和他吻别He wishes you to kiss him good-bye.这是给你的This is for you.现在他想休息了Now he would like to sleep.太迟了最后他才喜欢我So late. Finally at the end he loved me.太迟了So late.他给我这个He gave me this.这是给沙皇的信This letter is for the czar...皮尔这个是给你的and this one for you, Pierre.打开吧Open it.你父亲希望你知道在他给沙皇的信中Your father wishes you to know that in the letter to the czar... 他希望你成为他合法的儿子he begs that you be legitimately acknowledged as his son... 下一个波朱可夫伯爵and the next Count Bezukhov...和他的所有财产的唯一继承人the sole heir to all his estates.努力啊孩子Be worthy, my boy.别辜负你父亲Be worthy of your great father.无论我们如何狡猾How often we sin...如何坑蒙拐骗最后又如何how much we deceive, and for what?死的时候都是一无所有All ends in death.海伦吻你的表兄吧Kiss your cousin Helene.他获得了新生拥抱他吧He has been reborn. Embrace him.祝他好运Wish him well.回莫斯科真好It's a good thing we're going back to Moscow.在乡下呆了三星期我的眼睛都睁不开了After three weeks in the country I can hardly keep my eyes open.但是这次旅程还是划得来的不是吗皮尔Still, it was a profitable trip, wasn't it, Pierre?很划得来Very profitable.我看看我们要等多久应该不会很久I'll see how long we have to wait. It shouldn't be too long.不急我爸爸正好睡一下There's no hurry. It'll give Papa a few extra winks of sleep.-你去哪里去你父亲那里吗 -是的-Where are you going, to your father's? -Yes.你最近如何告诉我你是一个人吗What have you been up to? Tell me all the news. Are you alone?不瓦利王爷和他的女儿和我一起No. Prince Vasili is with me and his daughter too.我们刚刚巡视了一遍我的领地We've made a tour of inspection of my estates.我以前从没有去过太大了太落后了I've never been there before. It's huge. So backward.现在我是波朱可夫伯爵我觉得必须这样做And now that I'm Count Bezukhov, I feel I must do something about it. 我明白这就是为什么你要跟瓦利王爷和海伦在一起I see. That's why you went with Prince Vasili and Helene.嗯瓦利王爷帮我管理领地Well, Prince Vasili helps me with the administration.当然Of course.来和里舍打个招呼吧Come say hello to Lise. It will give her pleasure.她很讨厌呆在乡下地方She's miserable at the idea of being stuck away in the country.海伦却不同她喜欢乡下Helene is different. She loves the country.-就是她说要来这里的 -我知道-It was her idea to come along. -I'm sure.-小孩走开 -你准备在这里呆多久-Children, go away. -How long do you expect to stay here?永远一年年呆下去Forever. Months and months and months.直到我生下小孩Until after the baby's born.不谢谢No, thank you.你知道安德鲁明天就走吗You know Andre's leaving tomorrow?他觉得我在这里和他的父亲姐姐在一起He thought it would be better for me to be here with his father and sister... 比一个人在莫斯科要好than alone in Moscow.你觉得如何And how do you feel about it?我很讨厌这里I dread it.即使这样你还是愿意来And even so, you consented to bury yourself down here?安德鲁希望我来我又有什么办法呢Andre wants me to. What else is there to do?如果是我的话我绝对不会同意这样的I assure you, if it were I, I would find something else to do.我想也是我们是有不同I suppose so, but we're very different, you and I.对我们性格不同Yes, indeed we are.你向她求婚了吗Have you asked her to marry you yet?你打算求婚了吗Are you going to?我不知道I don't know yet.-你要我的建议吗 -其他方面的建议倒想听听-Do you want some advice? -On any subject, Andre.这方面就免了吧Not on this.好的All right.我们以为你永远都不会回来了We thought you would never come.-哦里舍你真好看 -你也是玛丽-Oh, Lise, you look so beautiful. -You too, Mary.不我只是个乡巴佬No, I'm just a little country mouse.安德鲁你是在信中说Andre, it isn't true what you wrote in your letter...你过了今晚就走吗that you're only staying overnight?-对啊 -里舍和他说说-I'm afraid it is. -Lise, talk to him.-让他留下来 -我试试-Make him stay. -I've tried.玛丽里舍很累了我想让她先睡一下Mary, Lise's very tired. I think she'd better get some rest. -嗯 -太好了你父亲听到你来了-Yes? -Excellency, your father heard you.他希望你很快过去He would like you to present yourself immediately.谢谢里舍你上楼去好吗Thank you. No, you'd better go upstairs, Lise.晚饭时你可以看见他的You'll see him at dinner.进来Come.我们的战士回来了Here is the warrior.就是要战胜拿破仑的波肯斯基Here's the Bolkonsky who's going to beat Napoleon.孩子你还好吗How are you, my boy? How are you?我很好爸爸你身体好吗I'm well, Father. How is your health?跟以前一样孩子只有笨蛋才会病倒Oh, the same, boy. The same. Only fools fall ill.你知道的我每天从早忙到晚You know me, busy from morning till night.吃得少不喝酒当然身体好Little to eat, less to drink. So of course I'm well.谢谢上帝Thank God.这和上帝没关系God has nothing to do with it.等一下安德鲁Just a moment, Andre, please.-收下 -这是什么-Don't refuse. -What is it?爷爷经常佩戴着这个去打仗Father's father used to take it along with him...in all his wars. 这个太重了会弄断我的脖子的If it's not too heavy and won't break my neck.安德鲁答应我你永远都不要把它取下来Andre, promise that you'll never take it off.-答应我 -好的-Promise? -Yes.亲我一下Kiss me here.谢谢你孩子Thank you, my boy. Thank you.谢我♥干♥什么Why do you thank me, Father?因为你履行了你的义务For doing your duty.而不是终日围着女人的裙子转For not allowing yourself to be tied to a woman's apron strings. 国防高于一切谢谢你The army before everything. Thank you. Thank you.说说我的妻子吧爸爸About my wife, Father.你的妻子Your wife?是的你觉得她如何Well, go on, speak.如果她要分娩时去莫斯科找个大夫来吧When her confinement is due, send to Moscow for a doctor.大夫A doctor?我想如果自然都无能为力的话没有人可以帮她的I know that if nature won't do its work, no one can.但他们一直对她说些废话But they've been telling her things and...她就对分娩很恐惧she's had a dream.她很害怕She's frightened.好啦好啦All right, all right.把这个给库图扎夫Give this to Michael Kutuzov.我们在学校时是好朋友We were at school together.他这个家伙很笨但不打紧He wasn't exactly a bright lad, but never mind.我写信告诉他不要让你呆在总部里I've written to him to tell him to keep you away from headquarters. 总部不是好地方They're bad places.告诉他我常想他Tell him I remember him and I admire him.再见Now good-bye.记住安德鲁王子Remember this, Prince Andre.如果他们杀了你的话你老父亲我会很难过的If they kill you, it will hurt me, your old father.但如果我听到你没有表现得像一个尼古拉斯家的后代的话But if I hear that you've not behaved like a son of Nicholas Bolkonsky... 我会更难过it will be worse.我会为你而感到羞惭I shall be shamed.爸爸你不必这样说You needn't have said that to me, Father.我I...我想请你I also wanted to ask you...如果我战死她又产了个儿子的话if I am killed and I have a son...请将我儿子留在你身边don't let him be taken away from you.让他在这里长大Let him grow up...here...和你在一起求你了with you, please.好的你还等什么我们已经道别过的走吧Well, what are you waiting for? We've said good-bye. Go, go.你这么会就要走了别走别把我一个人留在这里You're leaving already. Don't go. Don't leave me here.我受不了我会很孤独的I won't be able to stand it. I'll be so lonely.我把你留在我家里和父亲和玛丽在一起I leave you in my family's house, with my father, with Mary.明天再走好吗再呆一天求你了Stay until tomorrow. Stay another day, please, I beg you.我做不到里舍你知道的I can't, Lise. You know that.你一定很开心终于甩开我了You're delighted to go. You're delighted to get rid of me.再见玛丽Good-bye, Mary.克泰去拿些盐过来Ketya, go and get some smelling salts.你能不能让你的马别摇头Would you please tell your horse to stop shaking his head?我试试I'll never get it this way.你听见这位小姐的话了别摇头You heard the lady. Stop shaking your head.你看动物总是比人类更讲道理You see, animals are much more reasonable than people.小姐我想给你一百万卢布Mademoiselle, I wonder if I might offer you a million rubles...请你给我画一张像to paint my portrait.有个条件你必须把我画得和马一样漂亮On one condition. You must make me look at least as good as the horse. 没画好别看It's not fair to look at it before it's finished.画的太难看了吧Very unpromising, isn't it?是的Yes, it is.你也不用这么着急同意啊You needn't be in such a hurry to agree.不管怎么说这不算是幅艺术品Anyways, it's not meant to be a work of art.爸爸买♥♥了这匹马打算等尼古拉斯打仗回来后送给他Papa bought the colt to give to Nicholas when he comes back from the war. 我想画下这匹马寄给他看看And I'm gonna send him the picture to show him what it's like.画完了吗Have you finished?等一下再画吧For the moment.冲啊快点Charge! Come on! Hurry! Come on!冲啊Come on!-你有尼古拉斯的消息吗 -爸妈收到他的一封信-Have you heard from Nicholas? -Mama and Papa received a letter.他没有给我和宋雅写信He hasn't written me or Sonya.男人一打仗就很快会忘记女人的不是吗Men forget about women immediately when they go to war, don't they?男人不会男孩才会Men don't. Boys do.如果尼古拉斯知道你叫他男孩的话会很生气的Nicholas would be furious if he heard you call him a boy.他或许会和你决斗的He'd probably challenge you to a duel.这或许是决斗的最好的一个理由That's better a reason than most for fighting a duel.实际上他写信主要是想要些钱Actually, the only reason he wrote was that he wanted some more money. 他的上司一直向他借钱拿来打牌He keeps lending money to his captain who keeps losing it at cards.他的上司听起来好像你父亲The captain sounds a lot like Papa.他叫得尼夫尼古拉斯说他有这样长的络腮胡His name's Denisov. And Nicholas says he's got moustaches out to here... 他口齿不清却是世界上最勇敢的人he lisps and he's the bravest man in the world.尼古拉斯说他有过辉煌的战绩Nicholas says he's having a perfectly glorious time...还说我们很快就会赢的and we're bound to win the war soon.他开始为拿破仑要失败感到可惜了He's beginning to feel quite sorry for Napoleon.冲啊杀了他们Charge! Kill 'em!冲啊Come on, men!占领那里Take that!冲啊Come on!毫无疑问战争一定很好玩There's no doubt about it. Wars must be very amusing.-我把它列到我的单上 -什么单上-I must put it on my list. -What list?我曾经列出过人类能实现的I'm making a list of the greatest pleasures human beings are capable of... 最大的快乐in the order of their importance.但我没有把战争列入I neglected war.其他的几项快乐是什么What are the other pleasures in the order of their importance?戏剧永恒的友谊The opera, eternal friendship, summertime...夏季跳马诸舞春季去乡下dancing the mazurka, moving to the country in the springtime...欢迎远征归来的战士and welcoming soldiers home from the war.-你有什么提议吗 -让我想想-Have you any suggestions? -Well, let me think.我想快乐是相信上帝To be able to believe in God...相信他能带来幸福爱情to cause happiness, to love.爱情看看宋雅她爱着尼古拉斯Love? Look at Sonya. She's in love with Nicholas...每天早上8点到9点都哭整整一个小时and she cries every day between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning...a full hour. -你不打算去爱吗 -除非是为了消遣我才会去爱-Don't you ever intend to fall in love? -Ten or 11 times. Only for recreation. 我会像换舞伴一样换爱人的I'll keep changing partners like a dance.但我有一天真心的对人说我爱你时When I finally say I love you to a man and really mean it...就好像是一位被打败的将军it'll be like a defeated general who's lost all his troops...将他的佩剑交给敌人surrendering and handing his sword to his enemy.你会变的You'll change.小时候最讨厌的事就是总是有人不断告诉你The hideous thing about being young is everybody is always telling you... 你会改变you'll change.你会和我们一起吃饭吗Are you dining with us tonight?不我约了人I'm afraid I can't. I have a previous engagement.哦是谁Oh? With whom?我表妹海伦♥公♥主My cousin, Princess Helene.我希望我长大后能和她一样I'd like to be like her when I grow up.当然那时我不用在这里呆着Of course I'll have to fill out around here.像她一样美丽冷峻不可侵犯Tall, proud, beautiful, cold and untouchable...让成千上万的男人跪倒在我的裙下with regiments of men dropping at my feet.我将要和她结婚了I'm going to marry her, Natasha.别动Gently, gently.是谁交出佩剑的你还是她。
收藏级1958年《战争与和平》谢罗夫绘彩色插图51幅1958年《战争与和平》俄文版原汁原味欣赏谢罗夫绘彩色插图列夫·托尔斯泰像第1部（时间跨度1805-1805年）共12幅：1．太后女官安娜·帕夫洛夫娜的晚会（注：小说开始于1805年7月，当时俄国首都是彼得堡）2．安德烈·博尔孔斯基公爵（注：其生活严肃、处世严谨、作战勇敢、对国家富于强烈的责任心和荣誉感，也是农奴制度改革的力行者）3．两个娜塔丽娅的命名日（注：图为罗斯托夫伯爵一家人，伯爵夫人与其次女同名。
年青一代顺序为娜塔莎、彼佳、索尼娅、尼古拉和鲍里斯，索尼娅为老伯爵侄女，鲍里斯为没落贵族德鲁别茨卡娅公爵夫人[与伯爵夫人是从小长大的女友，常得到其经济上的帮助，一度住在其家中]之子。
命名日指俄罗斯人用教历上圣徒的名字作教名，将该圣徒的节日作为命名日，象过生日一样庆祝）4．相互嘱托（注：小公爵出征前将妻子安顿在父亲的童山庄园，以便生活上有所依托，老公爵则对儿子叮嘱了后事。
童山庄园位于斯摩棱斯克以东约64公里，距莫斯科约160公里的乡村）5．出征奥的利（注：检阅者为俄军总司令库图佐夫，时年60岁）6．败退烧桥（注：奥地利盟军在乌尔姆失利，为保存实力，俄军撤向维也纳）7．列阵迎击（注：为免于3.5万俄军被10万法军包围，库图佐夫派俄军将领巴格拉季翁公爵率4千俄军先头赶到霍拉布伦阻击法军，为大部队与援军会合赢得时间。
图为主动请缨的司令部副官安德烈公爵与巴格拉季翁公爵并肩作战，时为1805年11月初）8．骑兵冲锋9．炮队阻击10．幻想与不安（注：图为皮埃尔与瓦西里公爵之女海伦，两人婚后并不幸福）11．高擎军旗（注：安德烈公爵在奥斯特利茨战役中）12．不可一世的拿破仑──1805年11月20日，奥斯特利茨战役中击败8万俄奥联军的胜利者，时年36岁（注：图左下方受伤者为安德烈公爵，得到救治后返回了俄国）第2部（时间跨度1806-1811年）共14幅：1．回家探亲（注：图为尼古拉参军作战后，首次回到莫斯科波瓦尔大街家中与全家人团聚的情景，时为1806年初）2．松林决斗（注：皮埃尔因骠骑军官多洛霍夫的挑衅而与之在莫斯科郊外的索科尔尼克森林决斗）3．噩耗传来（注：图为安德烈公爵的妹妹玛丽亚公爵小姐正在安慰误认为儿子阵亡的父亲）4．探视幼子（注：安德烈公爵于1806年3月回到了童山，当晚妻子死去，刚刚降生的儿子从此由妹妹玛丽亚公爵小姐照看。
