2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2 Healthy eating2-3
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2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2 Healthy eating2-3教学案 Word版含答案
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2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2Healthy eating2-3教学案
Word版含答案(可编辑) 2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2 Healthy eating2-3教学案 Word版含答案
Part Ⅲ Grammar & Writing
Grammar-—情态动词(Ⅱ)
一、概念
情态动词本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的某种感情或语气,对某一动作或状态的某种态度,表示“可以"“需要”“应该”等意义。
二、基本用法
1.ought to与ought not to的用法
(1)ought to“应当,应该”,其后必须跟动词原形。只有一种形式,没有人称和时态变化。它可以表示“有义务或责任”做某事,语气比较强,也可以表示“建议或劝告”,还可以表示“猜测;期望”等。
We ought to protect wild animals from being hunted。
我们应该保护野生动物免受猎杀。
You ought to work harder than your brother.
你应该比你哥哥学习更努力。
That ought to be enough food for all of us.
那些食物应该够我们吃的吧。
(2)ought to的否定形式为ought not to或oughtn’t to,其一般疑问句形式是将ought置于主语前。
You ought not to/oughtn't to be late for such an important
meeting.
如此重要的会议,你不应该迟到。
Ought I to hand in my composition now?
我应该现在交上作文吗?
[关键点拨] should与ought to表示“应该”时的区别:
should表示自己的主观看法,而ought to语气重,含有“按道理应该……”之意;如要反映客观情况或涉及法律义务和规定时一般用ought 2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2 Healthy eating2-3教学案 Word版含答案
to。
You should help them with their study。
你应该帮助他们学习。
You are his father. You ought to help him to get a good education。
你是他的父亲,你应该帮助他得到好的教育。
2.need与needn’t的用法
need意为:需要,既可以作情态动词,也可以作实义动词,但是它们的用法不同.
(1)need作情态动词时:没有人称和数的变化;后接动词原形;常用于否定句或疑问句中;否定式为need not/needn’t。
There's plenty of time。 You needn’t drive so fast。
时间很充足,你不必开这么快。
We needn’t hurry, for there’s plenty of time.
我们没必要匆忙,因为还有充足的时间.
—Need I go now?
-Yes, you must。/No, you needn’t。
——现在我需要去吗?
—-是的,你必须去。/不,你没必要去。
(2)need作实义动词时,有动词的各种形式的变化,可用于一切句式,其宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词,构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do/does或did。
I need to get up early tomorrow。
我明天需要早起。
The bike needs repairing。=The bike needs to be repaired。
这辆自行车需要修理。
(3)needn't have done表示“本没有必要做某事(却做了)”。
You needn’t have watered the flowers, for it is going to rain. 2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2 Healthy eating2-3教学案 Word版含答案
你本来不必浇花的,因为就要下雨了.
3.have to与don’t have to的用法
(1)have to表示客观上的必要性,意为:不得不;它有多种时态变化形式,其疑问式和否定式通过添加助动词do/does/did构成。have to与have got to常可以互换。
Mother is out, so I have to look after the shop.
妈妈出去了,因此我不得不照看商店。
Do you have to stay in that room for so long?
你必须待在那个房间里那么久吗?
[关键点拨] have to表示一种客观的需要,而must表示一种主观的需要.此外,must还表示“偏要”“非得”的意思。
I have to attend an important meeting this afternoon。
今天下午我不得不参加一个重要的会议.
You must obey the rules of your school.
你必须遵守你们学校的规则。
(2)don’t have to表示没有义务或必要做某事,意为“不必”,常可以回答must提问的疑问句.而must的否定式mustn’t主要指说话人主观的命令或强烈的劝告。
They don't have to buy a computer at present。
他们目前没有必要买电脑.
You mustn't tell him the secret。
你不能告诉他这个秘密.
—Must we hand in our homework this afternoon?
—No, you don't have to。(No, you needn't。)
——我们必须今天下午交作业吗?
—-不,不必.
4.情态动词+have done 2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2 Healthy eating2-3教学案 Word版含答案
“情态动词+have done”表示对过去事情的推测。各情态动词的这种具体用法如下表:
can/could have
done (1)过去可能(表推测)
(2)本能做而未做(表虚拟)
should/ought to
have done 本该做而未做
may/might have
done (1)过去也许做了(表推测)
(2)本可能做而未做(表虚拟)
must have done 一定已经做了
needn't have
done 本不必做而做了
They could have sent up the satellite successfully.
他们本来有能力成功发射这颗卫星的.
You ought to/should have been more careful.
你本应该更小心一些的。
Mary might have learned some Chinese before。
玛丽以前可能已学过一些中文了。
From what you said, she must have told you the truth。
从你所说的来看,她一定把真相告诉你了。
I needn’t have cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry。
我不该做这么多吃的。大家都不饿。 2019-2020学年人教新课标版高中英语必修三:Unit 2 Healthy eating2-3教学案 Word版含答案
Ⅰ。用方框内情态动词的适当形式填空
must, shouldn't, oughtn't to, don't
have to, mustn't, needn’t
1.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday。 I ____________
have taken the trouble to carry my umbrella with me。
2.What a pity! But if you ____________ go, at least wait till
the rain stops。
3.He looks sleepy. He ____________ have gone to bed very late
last night.
4.Hurry up。 If you miss that train then you will ____________
get a taxi。
5.You ____________ come to the meeting if you're too busy。
6.The mother told her son,“You ____________ eat with your
fingers!”
7.You ____________ follow the doctor's advice. I think it will
do good to you。
8.You ____________ go on working because you look so tired now。
9.As there was no bus, we ____________walk home。
10.You ____________ park here! It's an emergency exit.
[答案] 1。needn't 2。must 3。must 4.have to
5.needn't/don't have to 6。mustn’t 7.should/ought to
8.shouldn’t/oughtn’t to 9。had to 10.mustn't
Ⅱ。完成句子
1.My mindless words ________________________。
我无心的话语肯定深深地伤害了他。
2.You ________________________ all that money on such a