下载文档原格式
江苏省2019高考英语第三部分写作层级训练第一步循序渐进，提升写作技能第七讲言简意赅的非谓语动词（讲解）编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（江苏省2019高考英语第三部分写作层级训练第一步循序渐进，提升写作技能第七讲言简意赅的非谓语动词（讲解））的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为江苏省2019高考英语第三部分写作层级训练第一步循序渐进，提升写作技能第七讲言简意赅的非谓语动词（讲解）的全部内容。
第七讲言简意赅的非谓语动词李仕才众所周知，书面表达中出现过多的简单句会让人觉得单调乏味,句子与句子之间的关系显得松散；而过多地出现复合句又显得累赘，读起来费劲。
恰当地运用非谓语动词不仅使句型多样，而且使习作结构紧凑.一、非谓语动词的分类1.不定式I’m sorry to say that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon。
我抱歉地说,我不能和你一起在星期五下午去书店了.We should take pains to improve ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future.我们应当通过学习尽力提升自己，为未来做好准备。
2.动名词Furthermore，voting on the Internet makes instant feedback possible.而且在网上投票会瞬间得到反馈。
Doing the same sports on the playground gives us the opportunity to promote our friendship.在操场上做同样的运动给了我们机会促进我们的友谊。
二、段落概括的9大技巧读写任务型写作中，开头的30词的段落概括是一篇好的书面表达的开场。
我们必须从文体入手，分析文章构造，准确把握要点，注意区分事实和观点、重要和次要、普遍与特殊、相关与不相关、原因和结果等逻辑关系。
在概括文章时，可考虑命题人提供的写作内容，因为它能够帮助大家更快地提高捕捉文章要点的速度与准确性。
1．概括的标准：瞄准目的，省却细节，抛弃例子。
2．概括的写作步骤：(1)确定主题句；(2)寻找关键词；(3)重构主题句；(4)重组支撑句。
3．注意概括段落的文体(1)对于故事性、记叙性的文体：要找出文中的时间、地点、人物、事件(过程)、原因、结果(影响、感悟、启发、启迪、结论)。
即when，where，who，what，why，how。
(2)对于议论文，转述时那么要准确而全面地概括作者的观点和态度。
①在文中找关键词(主题字眼)；②找出涉及主题的问题(作者看法)；③找出相关问题的解决方法。
可以借助相关过渡词，恰当地概括文章要点，切勿照抄原文句子。
4．如何写主题句进展读写任务型写作时，因“写作内容〞所列要点的顺序已具有内在的逻辑性，所以考生按照所给内容要点顺序写作即可，无需重新调整。
一般是每个写作要点安排一段，且将写作内容的每个要点作为各段的主题句，放在句首。
这样既符合英语的写作习惯，又可以防止写作时跑题或漏掉要点，并且层次清楚，方便阅卷教师落实要点是否齐全。
当然，如果所给要点之间有非常严密的联系，也可以安排在同一段内。
微技能(一) 直接翻译对不含提问性质的要点，一般将其译成英语即可，必要时可增加关联词。
例如：1．其他催促学生认真学习的方法。
However，there are other ways to make students work hard.2．中学生活和大学生活的差异。
From my point of view，the college life will be different from the life in high school. 微技能(二) 答复要点主题句对要点提问作出明确答复。
第二节分类突破训练三、读写任务类——说明文典例满分作文阅卷老师点评写作内容30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；结合上述信息，简要分析导致交通问题的主要原因；评分标准一、说明文的概括技巧说明文通常会有明确的主题句，先抓住关键词，并根据各段落的主题，有序地组织语言，完整表达出文章的中心内容。
如果是分析型说明文，概括时要找出文章所说明的现象、产生该现象的原因及解决问题的方法或建议，然后用自己的话重组信息点。
概括时要找出： 1.文章说明的是什么现象？ 2.造成这种现象的原因是什么？3.解决这种现象或问题的措施或建议是什么？ 二、说明文读写任务类常用句型1.This article deals with/discusses/analyzes/strongly emphasizes the impact of...2.This article not only describes...but also suggests...3.This article compares the disadvantages/benefits of...and summarizes key findings...4.This article gives an account of/provides an analysis of/provides a method of...5.This article shows/tells us that...6.The author finds it necessary to.../The purpose of the report is to show that...7.The author holds the idea that...，giving it an example of sb.who...8.The author strongly emphasizes the benefits of getting up early such as...9.This article points out the common phenomenon ，which...(补充解释)Xue Zhaofeng ，a professor from Peking University ，reportedly has more than 170,000 subscribers to his online teaching course and could be making about 35 million yuan ($5.3 million) a year.Xue is only one among the hundreds of online teachers making millions of yuan a month.According to iResearch ，an agency specializing in Internet data collection ，the online education market was worth 156 billion yuan by the end of last year ，and it is expected to reach 260billion yuan by 2019.Online education has also found mention in this year’s Central Government Work Report，which Premier Li Keqiang delivered to the annual National People’s Congress.We can thus conclude that online education not only has huge economic potential，but it also enjoys government support.Online education is not without problems，though.Some online “educators” are extremely popular yet they hardly teach students anything useful.Worse，there is hardly any supervision of online education agencies.A China Central TV report on Nov 17 said quite a high percentage of such agencies are being operated without the education bureaus’ acknowledgement.写作内容1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；2.用约120个单词阐述网络课程流行的原因以及你对网络课程健康发展的建议。
第九节如何写记叙文的主体出现在读写任务型作文中的记叙文要求学生描述一件与原阅读材料有关联的事件，并说出自己从事件中得到的启示或对所描述现象发表自己的看法。
1．写作步骤概括原文―→衔接过渡―→描述事件―→发表看法2．过渡语句①This reminds me of the similar experience.②This story brings me back to an event many years ago.③I had a similar experience.3．考前须知(1)注意时态的运用。
记述经历类的记叙文，无论写人还是记事，通常以过去时态为主。
如果所写的内容不但有过去的人和事，而且还有现在的人和事，那么对过去的人和事应采用过去时态，对现在的人和事应采用现在时态。
(2)注意人称的一致性。
要根据题目的要求选用适宜的人称，做到上下文人称一致。
(3)篇章构造。
通常以时间或事件开展的顺序为线索，有时也可采用倒叙手法。
详写主要情节，略写次要情节。
(2021·江苏仪征中学月考)请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
The Elephant and the FlyAn elephant was standing and picking leaves from a tree.A small fly came，flying and buzzing near his ear.The elephant waved it away with his long ears.Then the fly came again，and the elephant waved it away once more.This was repeated several times.Then the elephant asked the fly，“Why are you so restless and noisy? Why can't you stay for a while in one place？〞The fly answered，“I am attracted to whatever I see，hear or smell.My senses pull me constantly in all directions and I cannot resist them.What is your secret? How canyou stay so calm and still？〞The elephant said，“My senses do not rule my attention.Whatever I do，I get involved in it.Now that I am eating，I am completely absorbed in eating.In this way I can enjoy my food and chew it better.I rule and control my attention.When you are in charge of your senses and attention，your mind will become calm.〞【写作内容】1．以约30个单词概括短文的内容；2．然后以约120个单词就“专注〞这一主题发表你的看法，包括以下要点：(1)看完故事后的感受及启发；(2)描述一次你或他人因受太多干扰而使学习、生活或工作受到影响的经历；(3)你打算在高三这一年里如何保持专注。
第二讲魅力无量的特殊句式李仕才在写作中，特殊句式的运用，能表现文章的节奏感与表达效果。
1.it代替动词不定式、动名词、从句等，作方式主语或方式宾语。
我认为保护和美化我们的环境是我们的职责。
In my opinion，it is our duty to protect and beautify our environment.(it 作方式主语)I think it our duty to protect and beautify our environment.(it作方式宾语)2.倒装语序，可加强压服力。
直到那时我才意想到言语在积极和消极方面都有很强的力量。
I didn’t realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways until then.→Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.(否定意义的词位于句首)3.强调结构，用It is...that...句型或用助动词进行强调，突出语意。
由于这些缘由，我毕竟做出了这个选择。
I finally made this choice for these reasons.→It was for these reasons that I finally made this choice.(It is...that...句型)4.省略结构，达到言简意赅的效果。
(1)希望你能找到一份好工作。
I hope that you will find a good job.→Hope you will find a good job.(省略主语I，改为祈使句)(2)今天早上，在路上漫步的时分，我看到两个旅行者正在看地图，看起来很迷惑。
(北京卷)This morning，when I was walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading a map，looking puzzled.→This morning，when walking on the street，I saw that two travelers were reading a map，looking puzzled.(省略I was)5.with复合结构、独立主格结构，表现深沉的语法功底。
第一步循序渐进，提升写作技能李仕才第一讲短小精悍的简单句英语中最重要、最基本的句式有五种，复杂的句子结构都是这些基本句型的扩展和延伸。
因此，加强对五种基本句型的学习是写作的基础，也是提高英语写作水平的前提。
除了系动词be外，还有一些动词是系动词：表感官的动词(feel，smell，taste，sound等)，表“像”的动词(look，appear，seem等)，表状态变化的动词(become，get，grow，turn，go等)，表延续的动词(remain，keep，hold，stay等)。
作表语的通常是名词、形容词、不定式、介词短语或从句。
1.Mr.Brown is an engineer.(名词作表语)2.Gradually he became silent.(形容词作表语)3.She remained standing for an hour.(现在分词作表语)4.The question remained unsolved.(过去分词作表语)5.The machine is out of order.(介词短语作表语)6.The television was on.(副词作表语)7.His plan is to keep the affair secret.(动词不定式作表语)8.My job is repairing cars.(动名词作表语)9.The question is what you want to do.(从句作表语，即：表语从句)[名师点津] 在下面的句子中，形容词作表语，在表语的后面常常接不定式结构。
1.I’m happy to meet you.2.They are willing to help.3.We are determined to follow his example.这种句型中的动词(短语)大多是不及物动词，这类动词(短语)常见的有：take place，happen，break out，appear，disappear，apologize，arrive，go，come，die，count，matter，fall，rise等。
第二步通览全局，写作分类突破李仕才第一讲如何写概要一、题型特点读写任务型作文的写作内容一般分为两个部分，即写作内容一为概括短文大意，以及写作内容二，就某个主题发表看法。
“读写任务”是“读”和“写”的有机结合，“读”的材料是为了后面的“写”提供情景；同样，“写”也是对“读”的材料的思考和延伸。
二、写作技巧1.写作步骤摘要通常要求写30词左右，一般由“主题句＋支撑句”构成。
写作时可按以下步骤进行。
(1)寻找关键词。
文章的关键词可结合写作内容中的“就……”主题发表自己的看法的要求来确定。
如，要求你“以约120词讲述一次你(或你的朋友)想家的经历”，那么所阅读的文章的主题词就应是homesick。
(2)确定主题句。
文章的主题句首先可通过所给阅读材料的标题来确定，阅读材料的标题即是文章的论点或主题句。
没有标题的文章，我们就应注意第一段(总起段)和最后一段(总结段)，或每一段的第一句或第二句(总起句)和最后一句(总结句)。
没有主题句的需要自己根据段落大意进行总结。
(3)重构主题句。
主题句要能概括全文中心，并能涵盖后面支撑句的所有内容。
(4)重组支撑句。
支撑句的意义在逻辑上受制于主题句，对主题句进行补充或者提供证据。
2.概括的形式：“主题句＋支撑句”即“主题＋主题的什么”[名师点津] 写概要时不要照搬原文中的句子，而必须用自己的话来转述。
概括可采用总→分的形式，即第一句话是主题句，清楚明白地告诉读者文章的主要内容(这句话举足轻重)，后面的句子对主题句进行解释和支撑，主题之外的内容要毫不吝啬地予以剔除。
【典例示范】请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(江苏卷)When we read newspapers, we often come across such English words as“AIDS” and “PK.”When we watch TV, we frequently hear words like “NBA” or “PM2.5.” When we speak, we automatically use words like “OUT” or “Bye-bye.” English words and expres sions like these are getting popular. They have already become part of our daily language. And 239 English words have been included in the latest Dictionary of Contemporary Chinese.The inclusion has started a heated discussion. A group of scholars signed a letter of complaint over the inclusion of these English words, which, they think, goes against Chinese language policies. They not only worry that Chinese is borrowing an increasing number of English words but are also concerned that the inclusion may hurt the dignity of the Chinese language. However, others are in favor of the inclusion because it is hard to say whether it will threaten the Chinese language. They believe the selection is mostly a result of their function and use in daily life.[写作内容]1.用约 30 个单词写出上文概要；2.用约 120 个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：(1)支持或反对汉语词典收录英语词汇；(2)用 2～3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。
第二讲如何写记叙文的主体一、题型特点读写任务型作文的主体部分一般要求写120词左右，通常包括两部分：一是衔接过渡语；二是论证自己的观点或描述类似的事例。
1.衔接过渡语：写完摘要后要用一句过渡性的语句引出自己的观点(赞成或反对)或类似的事例。
2.论证观点或描述事例：对文中的观点进行对比论证，并提出自己的观点；描述事例时要紧扣文章主题，所描述的事例能够与文章观点契合。
二、写作技巧出现在读写任务中的记叙文要求考生描述一件与原阅读材料有关联的事件，并说出自己从事件中得到的教训或对所描述现象发表自己的看法。
1.写作步骤衔接过渡描述事件发表看法2.常用过渡语句(1)This reminds me of the similar experience.(2)This story brings me back to an event many years ago.(3)I had a similar experience.【典例示范】请阅读下面的短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(2018·盐城高三二模)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains.The sun was setting when my car broke down near a remote and poor village.Cursing my misfortune，I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house.While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night one of them ended up in a dish on my table.Some villa gers brought me goat’s cheese andhoney.We drank together and talked merrily till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused her.[写作内容]1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；2.用约120个词谈谈你的感受；可以是自己亲身的经历，也可以用他人的事例。
江苏省2019高考英语第三部分写作层级训练第一步循序渐进，提升写作技能第四讲增光添彩的定语从句（讲解）编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（江苏省2019高考英语第三部分写作层级训练第一步循序渐进，提升写作技能第四讲增光添彩的定语从句（讲解））的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为江苏省2019高考英语第三部分写作层级训练第一步循序渐进，提升写作技能第四讲增光添彩的定语从句（讲解）的全部内容。
第四讲增光添彩的定语从句李仕才定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句和主句或先行词之间常用逗号隔开。
1.关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词who，whom，whose，that，which，as引导的定语从句是写作的一大重点，尤其是which 和as引导的非限制性定语从句在高考标准范文中更是屡见不鲜。
I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我住在一对他们的孩子经常吵闹的夫妇隔壁。
Any student who is interested is welcome to participate.欢迎任何感兴趣的学生参加。
To begin with，the theme of the show is Environmental Protection,which will be not only meaningful but also interesting.首先，展览的主题是环境保护，这不仅有意义，但也很有趣。
As one saying goes，“Practice makes perfect”.正如谚语所说,“熟能生巧”。
第二讲如何写记叙文的主体李仕才一、题型特点读写任务型作文的主体部分一般要求写120词左右，通常包括两部分：一是衔接过渡语；二是论证自己的观点或描述类似的事例。
1.衔接过渡语：写完摘要后要用一句过渡性的语句引出自己的观点(赞成或反对)或类似的事例。
2.论证观点或描述事例：对文中的观点进行对比论证，并提出自己的观点；描述事例时要紧扣文章主题，所描述的事例能够与文章观点契合。
二、写作技巧出现在读写任务中的记叙文要求考生描述一件与原阅读材料有关联的事件，并说出自己从事件中得到的教训或对所描述现象发表自己的看法。
1.写作步骤衔接过渡描述事件发表看法2.常用过渡语句(1)This reminds me of the similar experience.(2)This story brings me back to an event many years ago.(3)I had a similar experience.【典例示范】请阅读下面的短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(2018·盐城高三二模)I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains.The sun was setting when my car broke down near a remote and poor village.Cursing my misfortune，I was wondering where I was going to spend the night when I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.Finally, I accepted the offer of an old woman who lived alone in a little house.While she was getting me settled into a tiny but clean room, the head of the village was tying up his horse to my car to pull it to a small town some 20 kilometres away where there was a garage.I had noticed three hens running free in my hostess’s courtyard and that night oneof them ended up in a dish on my table.Some villagers brought me goat’s cheese and honey.We drank together and talked merrily till far into the night.When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman for the trouble I had caused her.[写作内容]1.用约30个单词写出上文概要；2.用约120个词谈谈你的感受；可以是自己亲身的经历，也可以用他人的事例。
[写作要求]1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。
[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
[参考范文]The story I read tells us that when the writer’s car broke down near a faraway village, he got help from all the villagers and felt grateful for how he had been treated.I was moved by the story.Nothing is more impressive and unforgettable than being offered help or helping others in trouble. Since we are living under the same roof, there’s no doubt that we need to care about other people and support each other, especially when time is hard.In these two years, there have been many disasters striking different parts of our country, causing thousands of people suffering pains of losing homes. I remembered when Yiliang Earthquake took place, many of us donated money for people there. A beggar without legs, who was just able to earn his bread by begging for money, donated all his savings to help Yiliang people. Hearing the story and watching all about this on TV, we were moved to tears. Why not hold out your helping hand to those who are suffering?To give is to receive. What you give is the best gift for whoever are waiting for the help.能力提升练1请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。
(2018·江苏无锡高三质量检测)As a man was passing the elephants, he suddenly stopped, confused by the fact that these huge creatures were being held by only a small rope tied to their front legs. No chains, and no cages either. It was obvious that the elephants could, at any time, break away from their bonds but for some reason, they did not.He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and made no attempt to get away. “Well，” the trainer said, “when they are very young and much smaller we use the rope of the same size to tie them and, at that age, it’s enough to hold them. As they grow up, they are conditioned to believe they cannot break away.”The man was amazed. These animals can break away from their bonds at any time, but because they believe they can’t, they are stuck right where they are.[写作内容]1.以约30词概括上文的主要内容。
2.以约120词谈谈你的看法，内容包括：(1)这个故事有什么寓意？(2)你如何解决这样的问题？[写作要求]1.写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2.作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.不必写标题。
[评分标准]内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
[参考范文]Some adult elephants, which could have easily broken away from the chains which confine them, chose to remain where they were. This is largely due to their conditioned thinking pattern, which were formed from their early age.The passage casts spotlight on the moral that once the fixed thinking pattern is deeply rooted in one’s mind, it becomes extremely challenging for one to make anypositive changes to the circumstances. Ridiculous as it may sound, it is not uncommon for us to see some vivid examples around. For instance, some of us invariably blame our failure in exams on our poor genes inherited from our parents, thus never adopting any effective approaches to polish up this subject.To eliminate this vicious thinking pattern, I should determinedly resort to my teachers or parents for help. I will talk my problems through and seek their suggestions. Once finding out the underlying reasons for my fixed thinking pattern, I will think out of the box and see things from a different angle.能力提升练2请阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
