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Module 1 Introduction & Vocabulary and Reading精品导学案●教学目标重点词汇的理解与应用。
●教学地位单词和短语是构成句子的最小单位，在语言学习中起至关重要的作用，所以理解和正确运用英语单词和短语是英语学习的重点所在。
考点讲练1. confidently adv.自信地Would you love to go to a party and talk confidently to every guest？(P2)你愿意去参加一个聚会，并且自信地同每一位客人谈话吗？She walked confidently across the hall.她自信地走过大厅。
I can confidently promise that this year is going to be very different.我可以信心十足地保证今年将大不一样。
归纳拓展①confident adj. 自信的；有信心的；有把握的be confident that＋从句相信……be confident about/of 相信；对……确信的be confident in 信任②confidence n. 信任；把握；信心；知心话earn/win/gain one's confidence取得某人的信任in (strict) confidence 秘密地，暗中take into one's confidence 向……吐露心事；以……为心腹I think I am fully confident of his success.我想我完全肯定他能成功。
One has to be confident in himself.一个人一定要对自己有信心。
I should like to exchange a few words with you in confidence.我想私下和你交换点意见。
Module 1 Small TalkPart One: Teaching Design第一部分教学设计Period 1: Reading—How Good Are Your Social Skill?Goals●To learn about jobs done by people in English●To learn to read with strategiesProcedures▇Warming up by having a “small talk”Hello, class! Look at this photo. Who do you think it is? Yes, it is Li Yu Chun.When I passed by the square of the Raffle's city, one of the most crowded area in Shanghai, I was surrounded by a group of girls. They are fans of Li Yu Chun, the leading singer of the Super Girl contest. They tried to persuade me to vote for Li Yu Chun with my mobile. It will cost me 1 RMB but will help Yu Chun to have more possibility to win the contest.They old 5 big picture of their super star in hand, and hold them high, so everyone can see. The group of girls are made up of about 10 persons. I didn't take my camera with me, otherwise I would record it - very impressive. About 50 meters away are the fans of Zhou Bi Chang, the second runner after Li. Their fans are doing the same. The hot competion has urged many fans go to the street and ask people passing by to send SMS for their supported girl.Last week, Li Yu Chun got 1.8 million SMS support from every corner of the country. I get this week, this number may double since it is the final and 2 more left the game and there is only 3 persons in the show. Last week, Li Yu Chun helped China Mobile, SP and Hunan TV to win almost 2 million RMB from SMS only. That is amazing.It's just like a president election. Super Girl is a vivid marketing, planning case study for business persons around the country.By the way, what I talk to you just now is an example of “small talk”. Let’s turn to page 1 to learn more about it. What is small talk?●Light conversation: polite conversation about matters of little importance, especially between■Discussing how to how to make small talkSmall talk can be a big challenge, but a little preparation and confidence is all you need.★Steps:1. Practice. Converse with everyone you come across: cashiers, waiters, people you're in line with, neighbors, co-workers and kids. Chat with folks unlike yourself, from seniors to teens to tourists.2. Read everything: cookbooks, newspapers, magazines, reviews, product inserts, maps, signs and catalogs. Everything is a source of information that can be discussed.3. Force yourself to get into small talk situations, like doctors' waiting rooms, cocktail parties and office meetings. Accept invitations, or host your own gathering.4. Immerse yourself in culture, both high and low. Television, music, sports, fashion, art and poetry are great sources of chat. If you can't stand Shakespeare, that too is a good topic for talk.5. Keep a journal. Write down funny stories you hear, beautiful things you see, quotes, observations, shopping lists and calls you made. That story of the long-distance operator misunderstanding you could become an opening line.6. Talk to yourself in the mirror. Make a random list of topics and see what you have to say on the subjects. Baseball, Russia, butter, hip-hop, shoes ... the more varied your list, the better.7. Expand your horizons. Go home a new way. Try sushi. Play pinball. Go online. Paint a watercolor. Bake a pie. Try something new every day.8. Be a better listener. Did your boss just say she suffers from migraines? Did your doctor just have twins? These are opportunities for making small talk.9. Work on confidence, overcoming shyness and any feelings of stage fright. Remember, the more you know, the more you know you can talk about.★Tips:﹡Be yourself. Keep in mind that confidence and humor are superb substitutes for comedic genius or wit.﹡Remember, you never have to do it alone.﹡Keep a few exit lines in mind too. For example, "Thanks for the wonderful chat, but I must make believe I'm interested in everybody else. Tee hee."▇Before you readWe have come to page 2 to read the text How Good Are Your Social Skill? But first please go over the word list for this module, paying attention to the pronunciation of the word, the relationship between its pronunciation and its spelling.▇While you readNow the text. While reading try to cut/ the sentences into thought groups, blacken the predicates, underline the useful expressions and darken the connectives.▇After you readTry to find time to copy all the useful expressions into your Expression Book and make your own sentences with them.■Reading the text again to fill in the necessary information■Closing down by practicing small talksSmall Talk: Conversation StartersTalking about the weather•Beautiful day, isn't it?•Can you believe all of this rain we've been having?•It looks like it's going to snow.•It sure would be nice to be in Hawaii right about now.•I hear they're calling for thunderstorms all weekend.•We couldn't ask for a nicer day, could we?•How about this weather?•Did you order this sunshine?Talking about current events •Did you catch the news today?•Did you hear about that fire on Fourth St?•What do you think about this transit strike?•I read in the paper today that the Sears Mall is closing.•I heard on the radio today that they are finally going to start building the new bridge.•How about those Reds? Do you think they're going to win tonight?At the office•Looking forward to the weekend?•Have you worked here long?•I can't believe how busy/quiet we are today, can you?•Has it been a long week?•You look like you could use a cup of coffee.•What do you think of the new computers?At a social event •So, how do you know Justin?•Have you tried the cabbage rolls that Sandy made?•Are you enjoying yourself?•It looks like you could use another drink.•Pretty nice place, huh?•I love your dress. Can I ask where you got it?Out for a walk•How old's your baby?•What's your puppy's name?•The tulips are sure beautiful at this time of year, aren't they.•How do you like the new park?•Nice day to be outside, isn't it?Waiting somewhere•I didn't think it would be so busy today.•You look like you've got your hands full (with children or goods).•The bus must be running late today.•It looks like we are going to be here a while, huh?•I'll have to remember not to come here on Mondays.•How long have you been waiting?。
Section_ⅡIntroduction_&_Reading_—_Language_Points三、这样记句式1．(教材P2)Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don't know?你是否想结交更多的朋友但又缺乏与陌生人交谈的信心？lack(1)v.缺乏，缺少我难以用语言来表达我的感谢。
②They are so rich that they lack for nothing.他们非常富裕，什么也不欠缺。
(2)n.缺乏，不足(常与of连用，有时前面可加不定冠词a)Lack of vitamin B is making him seriously ill.缺少维生素B使他病得很重。
④He was acquitted for/through_lack_of evidence.因证据不足他被宣告无罪。
⑤She seems to be totally lacking in common sense.她似乎一点常识都没有。
[名师点津]lack用作不及物动词时，通常与for和in连用。
2．(教材P2)It helps if you do a little advance planning.要是预先做些准备，将会对你有所帮助。
advance(1)adj.预先的，在前的①It is a popular show, so advance booking is essential.这是个很受欢迎的演出，所以一定要提前订票。
[名师点津]advanced也是形容词，意为“高级的，先进的”。
②We need to learn advanced (advance) technology from foreign countries.我们需要向外国学习先进技术。
(2)v.前进；促进；提出；提前advance on/towards sb./sth.向……前进③The strikers advanced on/towards us, shouting angrily.罢工的人愤怒地喊叫着向我们逼近。
Module 1 Small Talk第二部分：教学资源Section 3: Words and Expressions from Module 1 Small Talkinformaladj. 1 relaxed and friendly; not following strict rules of how to behave or do sth: an informal atmosphere an informal arrangement / meeting / visit Discussions are held on an informal basis within the department. The aim of the trip was to make informal contact with potential customers.2 (of clothes) suitable for wearing at home or when relaxing rather than for a special or an official occasion 3(of language) suitable for normal conversation and writing to friends rather than for serious speech and letters: an informal expressionseriousadj.BAD1 bad or dangerous: a serious illness / problem / offence to cause serious injury / damage They pose a serious threat to security. The consequences could be serious.NEEDING THOUGHT2 needing to be thought about carefully; not only for pleasure: a serious article a serious newspaper It’s time to give serious consideration to this matter.IMPORTANT3 that must be treated as important: We need to get down to the serious business of working out costs. The team is a serious contender for the title this year.NOT SILL Y4 thinking about things in a careful and sensible way; not silly: Be serious for a moment; thi s is important. I’m afraid I’m not a very serious person.NOT JOKING5 ~ (about sb/sth)| ~ (about doing sth) sincere about sth;not joking or meant as a joke: Believe me, I’m deadly (= extremely) serious. Don’t laugh, it’s a serious suggestion. Is she s erious about wanting to sell the house? He’s really serious about Penny and wants to get engaged. She doesn’t have a serious boyfriend. (informal) You can’t be serious! (= you must be joking) You think I did it? Be serious! (= what you suggest is ridic ulous) LARGE AMOUNT6 (informal) used to emphasize that there is a large amount of sth: You can earn serious money doing that. I’m ready to do some serious eating (= I am very hungry).confidentadj.1feeling sure about your own ability to do things and be successful:She was in a relaxed, confident mood. Beneath his confident and charming exterior, lurked a mass of insecurities. The teacher wants the children to feel confident about asking questions when they don’t understand 2 ~ of sth| ~ that ... feeling certain that sth will happen in the way that you want or expect:I’m confident that you will get the job. The team feels confident of winning. She was quietly confident that everything would go as planned.confidently adv.:Carla smiled confidently at the cameras.lacknoun[U, sing.]~ (of sth) the state of not having sth or not having enough of sth dearth, shortage: a lack of food / money / skills The trip was cancelled through lack of (= because there was not enough) interest. There was no lack of volunteers. She showed a distinct lack of enthusiasm for the idea of becoming a mother.verb[vn] [no passive] to have none or not enough of sth: Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms. He lacks confidence. She has the determination that her brother lacks.lack (for) nothing (formal) to have everything that you need: As the only child of wealthy parents, he lacked for nothing.advancenounFORWARD MOVEMENT1[C] the forward movement of a group of people, especially armed forces: We feared that an advance on the capital would soon follow. enemy advancesDEVELOPMENT2 [C, U] ~ (in sth) progress or a development in a particular activity or area of understanding: recent advances in medical science We live in an age of rapid technological advance. major advances in the field of physics MONEY3[C, usually sing.] money paid for work before it has been done or money paid earlier than expected: They offered an advance of £5 000 after the signing of the contract. She asked for an advance on her salary. The bank will give you an advance of 95% of the purchase price.SEXUAL4 advances [pl.] attempts to start a sexual relationship with sb: He had made advances to one of his students. She rejected his sexual advances.PRICE INCREASE5 [C] ~ (on sth) (business) an increase in the price or value of sth: Share prices showed significant advances.in advance (of sth)1 before the time that is expected; before sth happens: a week / month / year in advance The rent is due one month in a dvance. It’s cheaper if you book the tickets in advance. People were evacuated from the coastal regions in advance of the hurricane.2 more developed than sb/sth else: Galileo’s ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived.verbMOVE FORW ARD1 [v] ~ (on / towards sb/sth) to move forward towards sb/sth, often in order to attack or threaten them or it: The mob advanced on us, shouting angrily. The troops were finally given the order to advance. They had advanced 20 miles by nightfall. the advancing Allied troops She closed the door firmly and advanced towards the desk. DEVELOP2if knowledge, technology, etc. advances, it develops and improves: [v] Our knowledge of the disease has advanced considerably over recent years. [vn] This research has done much to advance our understanding of language learning.HELP TO SUCCEED3[vn] to help sth to succeed further: Studying for new qualifications is one way of advancing your career. They worked together to advance the cause of democracy.MONEY4 ~ sth (to sb)| ~ (sb) sth to give sb money before the time it would usually be paid: [vn, vnn] We are willing to advance the money to you. We will advance you the money.SUGGEST5[vn] (formal) to suggest an idea, a theory, or a plan for other people to discuss put forward: The article advances a new theory to explain changes in the climate.MAKE EARLIER6 [vn] (formal) to change the time or date of an event so that it takes place earlier bring forward: The date of the trial has been advanced by one week.MOVE FORW ARD7 (formal) to move forward to a later part of sth; to move sth forward to a later part: [v] Users advance through the program by answering a series of questions. [vn] This button advances the tape to the beginning of the next track.INCREASE8[v] (business) (of prices, costs, etc.) to increase in price or amount: Oil shares advanced amid economic recovery hopes.adj. [only before noun]1done or given before sth is going to happen: Please give us advance warning of any changes. We need advance notice of the numbers involved. No advance booking is necessary on most departures. 2 ~ party / team a group of people who go somewhere first, before the main group: The advance party for a winter ascent of Mount Everest has arrived in Nepal.nodverb (-dd-)1if you nod, nod your head or your head nods, you move your head up and down to show agreement, understanding, etc.: [v] I asked him if he would help me and he nodded. ‘Ready?’ She nodded at me and we set off. Her head nodded in agreement. [vn] He nodded his head sympathetically. She nodded approval. 2 ~ (sth) (at / to sb) to move your head down and up once to say hello to sb or to give them a sign to do sth: [v] The president nodded to the crowd as he passed in the motorcade. She nodded at him to begin speaking [vn] to nod a greeting 3 [v + adv. / prep.] to move your head in the direction of sb/sth to show that you are talking about them/it: I asked where Steve was and she nodded in the direction of the kitchen. She nodded towards his suitcase. ‘Going somewhere?’ she asked.4[v] to let your head fall forward when you are sleeping in a chair: He sat nodding in front of the fire.yawnverb [v]1 to open your mouth wide and breathe in deeply through it, usually because you are tired or bored: He stood up, stretched and yawned. We couldn’t help yawning during the speech.2 (of a large hole or an empty space) to be very wide and often frightening and difficult to get across: A crevasse yawned at their feet. (figurative) There’s a yawning gap between rich and poor.noun1 an act of yawning: She stifled another yawn and tried hard to look interested.2 [usually sing.] (informal) a boring event, idea, etc.: The meeting was one big yawn from start to finish.sighverb1 [v] ~ (with sth) to take and then let out a long deep breath that can be heard, to show that you are disappointed, sad, tired, etc.: He sighed deeply at the thought. She sighed with relief that it was all over.2 [v speech] to saysth with a sigh: ‘Oh well, better luck next time,’ she sighed.3 [v] (literary) (especially of the wind) to make a long sound like a sigh: the sighing of the wind through the trees branches sighing in the windnoun an act or the sound of sighing: to give / heave / let out a sigh a deep sigh ‘I’ll wait,’ he said with a sigh. We all breathed a sigh of relief when it was over.opportunitynoun[C, U] (pl. -ies) ~ (to do sth)| ~ (for sth / for doing sth)| ~ (of doing sth) a time when a particular situation makes it possible to do or achieve sth chance: You’ll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end. There was no opportunity for further discussion. At least give him the opportunity of explaining what happened. There’ll be plenty of opportunity for relaxing once the work is done. Our company promotes equal opportunities for women (= women are given the same jobs, pay, etc. as men). an equal opportunities employer career / employment / job opportunities This is the perfect opportunity to make a new start. The offer was too good an opportunity to miss. I’d like to take this opportunity to thank my colleagues for their support. He is rude to me at every opportunity (= whenever possible). They intend to close the school at the earliest opportunity (= as soon as possible). a window of opportunity (= a period of time when the circumstances are right for doing sth obligationnoun1[U] the state of being forced to do sth because it is your duty, or because of a law, etc.: You are under no obligation to buy anything. She did not feel under any obligation to tell him the truth. I don’t want people coming to see me out of a sense of obligation. We will send you an estimate for the work without obligation (= you do not have to accept it). 2 [C] something which you must do because you have promised, because of a law, etc. commitment: to fulfil your legal / professional / financial obligations They reminded him of his contractual obligations. We have a moral obligation to protect the environment.prizenoun1 an award that is given to a person who wins a competition, race, etc. or who does very good work: She was awarded the Nobel Peace prize. He won first prize in the woodwind section. There are no prizes for guessing (= it is very easy to guess) who she was with. I won £500 in prize money. Win a car in our grand prize draw!2 something very important or valuable that is difficult to achieve or obtain: World peace is the greatest prize of all.adj. [only before noun]1 (especially of an animal, a flower or a vegetable) good enough to win a prize in a competition: prize cattle2 being a very good example of its kind: a prize student He’s a prize specimen of the human race! (informal) She’s a prize idiot (= very silly).verb [vn][usually passive] ~ sth (for sth) to value sth highly treasure: an era when honesty was prized above all other virtues Oil of cedarwood is highly prized for its use in perfumery.applicationnounFOR JOB / COURSE1 [C, U] ~ (to sb) (for sth / to do sth) a formal (often written) request for sth, such as a job, permission to do sth ora place at a college or university: a planning / passport application His application to the court for bail has been refused. an application for membership / a loan / a licence an application form (= a piece of paper on which to apply for sth) Further information is available on application to the principal.PRACTICAL USE2[U, C] ~ (of sth) (to sth) the practical use of sth, especially a theory, discovery, etc.: the application of new technology to teaching The invention would have wide application / a wide range of applications in industry. OF PAINT / CREAM3[C, U] an act of putting or spreading sth, such as paint or medical creams, onto sth else: lotion for external application only (= to be put on the skin, not swallowed) It took three applications of paint to cover the graffiti. OF RULE / LAW4 [U] the act of making a rule, etc. operate or become effective: strict application of the lawCOMPUTING5 [C] (abbr. app) a program designed to do a particular job; a piece of software: a database applicationHARD WORK6 [U] (formal) determination to work hard at sth; great effort: Success as a writer demands great application. formnounTYPE1 [C] a type or variety of sth: forms of transport / government / energy one of the most common forms of cancer all the millions of different life forms on the planet todayWAY STH IS / LOOKS2[C, U] the particular way sth is, seems, looks or is presented: The disease can take several different forms. Help in the form of money will be very welcome. Help arrived in the form of two police officers. The training programme takes the form of a series of workshops. Most political questions involve morality in some form or other. We need to come to some form of agreement. I’m opposed to censorship in any shape or form. This dictionary is also available in electronic form.DOCUMENT3[C] an official document containing questions and spaces for answers: an application / entry / order form (especially BrE) to fill in a form (especially NAmE) to fill out a form I filled in / out a form on their website. to complete a form (BrE) a booking form (NAmE) a reservation formSHAPE4 [C] the shape of sb/sth; a person or thing of which only the shape can be seen: her slender form The human form has changed little over the last 30 000 years. They made out a shadowy form in front of them. ARRANGEMENT OF PARTS5 [U] the arrangement of parts in a whole, especially in a work of art or piece of writing: Shape and form are of greater importance to me than colour. In a novel form and content are equally important.BEING FIT / HEALTHY6 [U] (BrE) how fit and healthy sb is; the state of being fit and healthy: After six months' training the whole team is in superb form. I really need to get back in form. The horse was clearly out of form.PERFORMANCE7[U] how well sb/sth is performing; the fact that sb/sth is performing well: Midfielder Elliott has shown disappointing form recently. On current / present form the party is heading for another election victory. She signalled her return to form with a convincing victory. He’s right on form (= performing well) as a crazy science teacher in his latest movie. The whole team was on good form and deserved the win. She was in great form (= happy and cheerful and full of energy) at the wedding party.WAY OF DOING THINGS8[U, C] (especially BrE) the usual way of doing sth: What’s the form when you apply for a research grant?conventional social forms True to form (= as he usually does) he arrived an hour late. Partners of employees are invited as a matter of form.9 [U] good / bad ~ (old-fashioned, BrE) the way of doing things that is socially acceptable/not socially acceptable: When I was a boy it was always considered bad form to talk about food or money. Good form dictated that she should dress more casually in the country.OF WORD10[C] a way of writing or saying a word that shows, for example, if it is plural or in a particular tense: the infinitive form of the verbIN SCHOOL11 (BrE, old-fashioned) a class in a school: Who’s your form teacher?12 -former (in compounds) (BrE, old-fashioned) a student in the form mentioned at school: a third-formertake form (formal) to gradually form into a particular shape; to gradually develop: In her body a new life was taking formverbSTART TO EXIST1 (especially of natural things) to begin to exist and gradually develop into a particular shape; to make sth begin to exist in a particular shape: [v] Flowers appeared, but fruits failed to form. Storm clouds are forming on the horizon. [vn] These hills were formed by glaciation.2to start to exist and develop; to make sth start to exist and develop: [v] A plan formed in my head. [vn] I formed many close friendships at college. I didn’t see enoug h of the play to form an opinion about it.MAKE SHAPE / FORM3 [vn] [often passive] ~ sth (into sth)| ~ sth (from / of sth) to produce sth in a particular way or make it have a particular shape: Form the dough into balls with your hands. Bend the wire so that it forms a ‘V’. Rearrange the letters to form a new word. Games can help children learn to form letters. Do you know how to form the past tense? The chain is formed from 136 links. (formal) The table was formed of two large slabs of stone.4 ~ (sb/sth) (up) (into sth) to move or arrange objects or people so that they are in a group with a particular shape; to become arranged in a group like this: [vn] to form a line / queue / circle First get students to form groups of four. [v] Queues were already forming outside the theatre. The teams formed up into lines.HA VE FUNCTION / ROLE5 [vn] to have a particular function or pattern: The trees form a natural protection from the sun’s rays.6 linking verb [v-n] to be sth: The castle forms the focal point of the city. The survey formed part of a larger programme of research. These drawings will form the basis of the exhibition.ORGANIZATION7 to start a group of people, such as an organization, a committee, etc.; to come together in a group of this kind: [vn] They hope to form the new government. He formed a band with some friends from school. a newly-formed political party [v] The band formed in 2003.HA VE INFLUENCE ON8[vn] to have an influence on the way that sth develops: Positive and negative experiences form a child’s character.immigrationnoun1 the process of coming to live permanently in a country that is not your own; the number of people who do this: laws restricting immigration into the US a rise / fall in immigration immigrationofficers 2 (also immi gration control) the place at aport, an airport, etc. where the passports and other documents of people coming into a country are checked: to go through immigrationvisanouna stamp or mark put in your passport by officials of a foreign country that gives you permission to enter, passthrough or leave their country: to apply for a visa an entry / tourist / transit / exit visaimpoliteadj. not polite rude: Some people think it is impolite to ask someone’s age.tidyadj. (tidier, tidiest)1 (especially BrE) arranged neatly and with everything in order: a tidy desk She keeps her flat very tidy. I like everything to be neat and tidy.2 (especially BrE) keeping things neat and in order: I’m a tidy person. tidy habits3 [only before noun] (informal) a tidy amount of money is fairly large considerable: It must have cost a tidy sum. a tidy profittidily adv.: The room was very tidily arranged.tidiness noun [U]verb (tidies, tidying, tidied, tidied) ~ (sth) (up) (especially BrE) to make sth look neat by putting things in the place where they belong: [v] I spent all morning cleaning and tidying. When you cook, could you please tidy up after yourself. [vn] to tidy (up) a roomtidy sth away (BrE) to put things in the place where they belong, especially where they cannot be seen, so that a room appears tidy: Can you tidy away your clothes, please?tidy sth up to arrange or deal with sth so that it is well or correctly finished: I tidied up the report before handing it in.noun (pl. -ies) (BrE) (especially in compounds) a container for putting small objects in, in order to keep a place tidy: a desk tidyrefundnouna sum of money that is paid back to you, especially because you paid too much or because you returned goods to ashop/store: a tax refund to claim / demand / receive a refund If there is a delay of 12 hours or more, you willreceive a full refund of the price of your trip.verb~ sth (to sb)| ~ sb sth to give sb their money back, especially because they have paid too much or because they are not satisfied with sth they bought: [vn] Tickets cannot be exchanged or money refunded. [vn, vnn] We will refund your money to you in full if youfavournounHELP1 [C] a thing that you do to help sb: Could you do me a favour and pick up Sam from school today? Can I ask a favour? I would never ask for any favours from her. I’m going as a favour to Ann, not because I want to. I’ll ask Steve to take it. He owes me a favour. Thanks for helping me out. I’ll return the favour (= help you because you have helped me) some time. Do yourself a favour (= help yourself) and wear a helmet on the bike. APPROV AL2 [U] approval or support for sb/sth: The suggestion to close the road has found favour with (= been supported by) local people. The programme has lost favour with viewers recently. an athlete who fell from favour after a drugs scandal (formal) The governme nt looks with favour upon (= approves of) the report’s recommendations. She’s not in favour with (= supported or liked by) the media just now. It seems Tim is back in favour with the boss (= the boss likes him again).BETTER TREATMENT3 [U] treatment that is generous to one person or group in a way that seems unfair to others bias: As an examiner, she showed no favour to any candidate.PARTY GIFT4 favors [pl.] (NAmE) = party favorsSEX5 favours [pl.] (old-fashioned) agreement to have sex with sb: demands for sexual favoursdo sb no favours to do sth that is not helpful to sb or that gives a bad impression of them: You’re not doing yourself any favours, working for nothing. The orchestra did Beethoven no favours.do me a favour! (informal) used in reply to a question that you think is silly: ‘Do you think they’ll win?’ ‘Do me a favour! They haven’t got a single decent player.’in favour (of sb/sth)1 if you are in favour of sb/sth, you support and agree with them/it: He argued in favour of a strike. There were 247 votes in favour (of the motion) and 152 against. I’m all in favour of (= completely support) equal pay for equal work. Most of the ‘don’t knows’in the opinion polls came down in favour of (= eventually chose to support) the Democrats.2 in exchange for another thing (because the other thing is better or you want it more): He abandoned teaching in favour of a career as a musician.in sb’s favour1if sth is in sb’s favour, it gives them an advantage or helps them: The exchange rate is in our favour at the moment. She was willing to bend the rules in Mary’s favour.2a decision or judgement that is in sb’s favour benefits that person or says that they were right: The court decided in Ms Smith’s favour and she received compensation for unfair dismissalreceptionnoun1 [U] (especially BrE) the area inside the entrance of a hotel, an office building, etc. where guests or visitors go first when they arrive: the reception area We arranged to meet in reception at 6.30. You can leave a message with reception. (NAmE, BrE) the reception desk2 [C] a formal social occasion to welcome sb or celebrate sth:a wedding reception A champagne reception was held at the Swallow Hotel. They hosted a reception for 75 guests. 3 [sing.] the type of welcome that is given to sb/sth: Her latest album has met with a mixed reception from fans. Delegates gave him a warm reception as he called for more spending on education. 4 [U] the quality of radio and television signals that are broadcast: good / bad reception There was very poor reception on my phone.5 [U] the act of receiving or welcoming sb: the reception of refugees from the war zoneembassynoun (pl. -ies)1 a group of officials led by an ambassador who represent their government in a foreign country: embassy officials to inform the embassy of the situation2 the building in which an embassy works:a demonstration outside the Russian Embassycertainadj.1 ~ (that ... )| ~ (to do sth)| ~ (of sth / of doing sth) that you can rely on to happen or to be true: It is certain that they will agree / They are certain to agree. She looks certain to win an Oscar. The climbers face certain death if the rescue today is unsuccessful. If you want to be certain of getting a ticket, book now.2 ~ (that ... )| ~ (of / about sth) firmly believing sth; having no doubts: She wasn’t certain (that) he had seen her. Are you absolutely certain about this? I’m not certain who was there. To my certain knowledge he was somewhere else at the time (= I am sure about it).3 used to mention a particular thing, person or group without giving any more details about it or them: For certain personal reasons I shall not be able to attend. Certain people might disagree with this. They refused to release their hostages unless certain conditions were met.4(formal) used with a person’s name to show that the speaker does not know the person: It was a certain Dr Davis who performed the operation. 5 slight; noticeable, but difficult to describe: That’s true, to a certain extent. I felt there was a certain coldness in her manner.replyverb (replies, replying, replied, replied) ~ (to sb/sth) (with sth)1 to say or write sth as an answer to sb/sth: [v] to reply to a question / an advertisement He never replied to any of my let ters. She only replied with a smile. [v speech] ‘I won’t let you down,’ he replied confidently. [v that] The senator replied that he was not in a position to comment.2 [v] ~ (to sth) (with sth) to do sth as a reaction to sth that sb has said or done: Italy took an early lead but Brazil replied with two goals in the last five minutes. The terrorists replied to the government’s statement with more violence.noun[C, U] an act of replying to sth/sb in speech, writing or by some action: We had over 100 replies to our advertisement. I asked her what her name was but she made no reply. (formal) I am writing in reply to your letter of 16 March. (BrE) a reply-paid envelope (= on which you do not have to put a stamp because it has already been paid for) (BrE) Morocco scored four goals without reply to win the game.functionnoun1 [C, U] a special activity or purpose of a person or thing: to fulfil / perform a function bodily functions (= for example eating, sex, using the toilet) The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body. This design aims for harmony of form and function.2 [C] a social event or official ceremony: The hall provided a venue for weddings and other functions. There are numerous functions in aid of charity.3 [C] (mathematics) a quantity whose value depends on the varying values of others. In the statement 2x=y, y is a function of x:(figurative) Salary is a function of age and experience.verb[often +adv. / prep.] to work in the correct way operate: Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally. We now have a functioning shower. Many children can’t function effectively in large classes.function as sb/sthto perform the action or the job of the thing or person mentioned: The sofa also functions as a bed. I need money to be able to function as an artist.successfuladj.1 ~ (in sth / in doing sth)| ~ (at sth / at doing sth) achieving your aims or what was intended: They were successful in winning the contract. I wasn’t very successful at keeping the news secret. We congratulated them on the successful completion of the project.2 having become popular and/or made a lot of money: The play was very successful on Broadway. a successful actor The company has had another successful year.successfully adv.: This arrangement has operated successfully for the past six years.formulanoun (pl. formulas or, especially in scientific use, formulae /li/)1 [C] (mathematics) a series of letters, numbers or symbols that represent a rule or law: This formula is used to calculate the area of a circle.2 [C] (chemistry) letters and symbols that show the parts of a chemical compound, etc.: CO is the formula for carbon monoxide.3 [C] ~ (for sth / for doing sth) a particular method of doing or achieving sth: They’re trying to work out a peace formula acceptable to both sides in the dispute. There’s no magic formula for a perfect marriage. All the patients were interviewed according to a standard formula.4 [C] a list of the things that sth is made from, giving the amount of each substance to use: the secret formula for the blending of the whisky5 Formula One, Two, Three etc. [U] a class of racing car, based on engine size, etc.: Formula One racing6 [C] a fixed form of words used in a particular situation: l egal formulae The minister keeps coming out with the same tired formulas.imagineverb1 to form a picture in your mind of what sth might be like: [vn] The house was just as she had imagined it. I can’t imagine life without the children now. [v (that)] Close your eyes and imagine (that) you are in a forest. [v wh-] Can you imagine what it must be like to lose your job after 20 years? [v -ing] She imagined walking into the office and handing in her resignation. Imagine earning that much money! [vn -ing] I can just imagine him saying that! [vn to inf] I had imagined her to be older than that. [v] (informal) ‘He was furious.’‘I can imagine.’ [also vn-adj, vn-n] 2to believe sth that is not true: [v (that)] He’s always imagining (that) we’re talking about him behind his back. [vn] There’s nobody there. You’re imagining things.3to think that sth is probably true suppose, assume: [v (that)] I don’t imagine (that) they’ll refuse. [v] ‘Can we still buy tickets for the concert?’ ‘I imagine so.’ [also vn that]purposenoun1 [C] the intention, aim or function of sth; the thing that sth is supposed to achieve: Our campaign’s main purpose is to raise money. The purpose of the book is to provide a complete guide to the university. A meeting was called for the purpose of appointing a new treasurer. The experiments serve no useful purpose (= are not useful). The building is used for religious purposes.2 purposes [pl.] what is needed in a particular situation: These gifts count as income for tax purposes. For the purposes of this study, the three groups have been combined.3 [C, U] meaning that is important and valuable to you: Volunteer work gives her life (a sense of) purpose.4 [U] the ability to plan sth and work successfully to achieve it determination: He has enormous confidence and strength of。
