高光谱图像分类方法研究
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高光谱图像分类方法研究
摘要 高光谱图像数据是光谱波段数据与空间位置数据的综合体,其包含的地物类别信息丰富
而复杂。高光谱图像分类研究的目的就是利用分类相关理论和技术去充分挖掘地物信息,提
高高光谱图像分类精度,为后续的高光谱图像应用提供坚实可靠的地物信息基础。目前,高光谱图像分类技术已经深深影响了现代生活的方方面面,其在农林、军事、海洋和地质等领
域的应用已经越来越广泛、越来越成熟。本文以传统高光谱图像分类算法对光谱信息和空间
信息利用不充分为切入点,提出了基于紧耦合像元的自适应增强类内稀疏表示高光谱图像分
类算法和基于块近邻的边界约束标签平滑高光谱图像分类算法。本文的主要研究内容有: 1. 提出基于紧耦合像元的自适应增强类内稀疏表示高光谱图像分类算法。该算法将自适应增强思想融入稀疏表示的正交匹配过程中,在正交匹配的迭代寻优中加强对判决特征的
提取,同时利用局部Fisher判别分析算法在降维特征域进行紧耦合像元的选取,利用生成的
紧耦合像元平滑初始的特征分布,防止后面算法迭代增强过程中可能产生的过拟合。在真实
高光谱图像上的实验表明,该算法比对比的同类算法具有更优良的分类性能。 2. 提出基于块近邻的边界约束标签平滑算法。该算法首先利用训练块聚合度和测试样本块聚合度计算出一个加权因子,然后用加权因子对块间距离进行加权计算判决距离并根据
判决距离输出分类标签;同时,该算法利用局部Fisher判别分析算法对原始高光谱图进行降
维生成单波段灰度图,接着利用自适应二值化处理成图像边界快照,最后利用获取的边界快
照信息对前面输出的标签应用层次平滑操作输出最终的分类标签。该算法在三个真实高光谱
图像上的实验结果表明:其分类效果比对比的同类算法更优越。 关键词:高光谱图像分类,稀疏表示,自适应增强,块近邻,边界约束
Abstract Hyperspectral image data is a synthesis of spectral dimension information data and spatial
information data, which contains rich and complex information of feature class. The purpose of
hyperspectral image classification is to use the classification related technology and theory to fully
excavate the information of objects, improve the accuracy of hyperspectral image classification,
and provide a solid and reliable information base for the subsequent hyperspectral image application. At present, hyperspectral image classification technology has deeply affected the
aspects of modern life, its application in the fields of agriculture, forestry, military, marine and
geology has become more and more extensive and mature. In this paper, the traditional
hyperspectral image classification algorithm for spectral information and spatial information is not
sufficient as the starting point, than the close coupled set of pixels-based adaptive boosting class-wise sparse representation classifier for robust hyperspectral image classification algorithm
and the block-nearest classifier based boundary constraint algorithm for classification of
hyperspectral image algorithm are proposed. The main contents of this paper are as follows:
1. Close coupled set of pixels-based adaptive boosting class-wise sparse representation
classifier for robust hyperspectral image classification is proposed. In this algorithm, the adaptive-boosting idea is integrated into the sparse representation of the orthogonal matching
process. In the iterative optimization of orthogonal matching, the extraction of the decision feature
is strengthened, and the close coupled set of pixels is produced in the feature domain created by
the local Fisher discriminant analysis. The generated close coupled set of pixels is to smooth the initial feature distribution, and prevent the over-fitting the previous iterative process may produce.
Experiments on real hyperspectral images show that the algorithm has better classification
performance than similar algorithms.
2. The block-nearest classifier based boundary constraint algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the
weighting factor is calculated by using the degree of polymerization of the training block and the degree of polymerization of the test sample block. Then, the weighting factor is used to calculate
the distance between the blocks, than the label is output according to the distance. At the same
time, the algorithm uses the local Fisher discriminant analysis algorithm to reduce the original
hyperspectral spectrum to reduce the single band grayscale, then use the adaptive binarization to
process the image boundary snapshot, and finally use the acquired boundary snapshot information with Level smoothing operation for the label to output the final classification label. The
experimental results of the algorithm on three real hyperspectral images show that the
classification effect is superior to the similar algorithm.
Keywords: hyperspectral image classification; sparse representation; adaptive boosting; block nearest neighbor; boundary constraint 目录
第1章 引言 1 1.1 课题研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 3 1.2.1 高光谱图像传统分类技术研究现状 4
1.2.2 稀疏表示分类器研究现状 4
1.2.3 高光谱图像分类框架研究现状 6
1.3 论文的主要研究内容 7
1.4 论文的主要结构 8 第2章 高光谱图像分类方法 10 2.1 高光谱图像分类常见方法 10
2.1.1 K近邻分类与局部费希尔判别分析 10
2.1.2 支持向量机分类方法 12
2.1.3 模糊神经网络分类方法 13 2.2 稀疏表示高光谱图像分类方法 15
2.2.1 稀疏表示分类模型 16
2.2.2 稀疏模型重构算法 18
2.3 高光谱图像分类效果评价方法 20
2.4 高光谱图像分类常用实验数据集 22 2.5 本章小结 23
第3章 基于紧耦合像元的自适应增强类内稀疏表示高光谱图像分类 25 3.1 自适应增强类内稀疏表示模型 25
3.2 紧耦合像元生成算法 28
3.3 实验分析 30 3.3.1 Indian Pines数据集 32
3.3.2 University of Pavia数据集 34
3.3.3 Salinas数据集 35
3.4 本章小结 38 第4章 基于块近邻的边界约束标签平滑高光谱图像分类 39 4.1 基于块近邻的高光谱图像分类模型 39
4.2 边界约束标签平滑算法 42
4.3 实验分析 43
4.3.1 Indian Pines 数据集 43 4.3.2 University of Pavia 数据集 45
4.3.3 Salinas 数据集 47
4.4 本章小结 49
第5章 总结与展望 50 5.1 工作总结 50 5.2 发展展望 50
参考文献 52
致谢 57