莎士比亚介绍
- 格式:ppt
- 大小:6.79 MB
- 文档页数:27


2016年12月 第6卷第1期 中国莎士比亚研究通讯 Shakespeare Studies in China Dec..2016 Vo1.6No.1
介绍布雷德利的《莎士比亚悲剧》
贺祥麟彭 炫
(广西师范大学外国语学院,广西桂林 541004;广西大学外国语学院,广西南宁 5 30004)
提要:建国以后,我国莎士比亚研究取得了很大的成绩。但是,令人遗憾的是,我国学术界很少有
人介绍或研究国外几百年来的莎学研究成果。尤其使我惊奇的是,对于英国学者布雷德利(A.C.
Bradeley)在20世纪初出版的权威著作《莎士比亚悲剧》(Shakespearean Tragedy)一书好象竟没有人
提起。可见我国学术界对国际上莎学的研究还处于“初级阶段”。布雷德利的《莎士比亚悲剧》是
全世界对莎士比亚悲剧研究的高峰。这一著作被《不列颠百科全书》认为是“现代莎士比亚评论的
经典著作”,甚至有人说这部书“必然是英语语言中最伟大的唯一一部评论著作”。我们必须认真
重视和研究它。
关键词:布雷德利;《莎士比亚悲剧》;莎士比亚
Introduction to A.C.Bradley’S Shakespearean Tragedy
HEXianglin PENGXuan
Abstract:We have made great progress in studing Shakespeare after the founding of the People’S Republic.Yet to our
great regret,there were only few peoplewho introduced or studied foreign Shakespearean criticism in China in all these
years.We were especially surprised to find that almost nobody in China who ever mentioned the authoritative work
NAME
W. William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚
BIRTH
WHEN: 1564.4.23
WHERE: British’s Stratford city
英国的斯特拉福城
DEATH
WHEN: 1616.4.23
WHERE: British’s Stratford city
英国的斯特拉福城
NATIONALITY
the United Kingdom 英国
EDUCATION
Dates,Schools,Dgrees
Shakespeare has the strong cultural base, but has not read the university.
他有浓厚的文化基础,但没读过大学。
EXPERIENCES
Shakespeare left Stratford after 1585 to London to make a living and
attended the theater as an actor and playwright, began his writing career and
the stage around 1590. When 30 years old , he started to be lucky; When 34
years old the family was well-to-do, art obtained the success, was recognized
as the playwright which rises newly. Shakespeare alone lived in London's 20
years, his wife lived continuously in Stratford. When nearly 40 years old,
WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE (1564-1616), English poet, player and playwright,
was baptized in the parish church of Stratford upon-Avon in Warwickshire on the 26th of April 1564. The
exact date of his birth is not known. Two. 18th-century antiquaries, William Oldys and Joseph Greene,
gave it as April 23, but without quoting authority for their statements, and the fact that April 23 was the
day of Shakespeare's death in 1616 suggests a possible source of error. In any case his birthday cannot
have been later than April 23, since the inscription upon his monument is evidence that on April 23, 1616,
he had already begun his fifty-third year. His father, John Shakespeare, was a burgess of the recently
constituted corporation of Stratford, and had already filled certain minor municipal offices. From 1561 to
1563 he had been one of the two chamberlains to whom the finance of the town was entrusted. By
试论莎士比亚
【摘 要】莎士比亚无疑是世界文学史上的巨人,其成就、影响和地位无人能替代。本文以历史的眼光对莎士比亚进行了一个综合性的评价,肯定了莎士比亚作为文学巨人的个人作用与影响,同时指出巨人也是时代的产物,莎士比亚就是文艺复兴时代的产物,同时具有那个时代的局限性。
【关键词】莎士比亚 文学史 文艺复兴 局限性
【中图分类号】i106 【文献标识码】a 【文章编号】1674-4810(2013)12-0042-02
在世界文学史上有一颗璀璨的明珠、灿烂生辉的明星,即被誉为西方最伟大的诗人和戏剧家的威廉·莎士比亚。他的作品早已成为世界文学宝库中的无价之宝,超出了英国文艺复兴时期,飞越了英国国界,跳出了英语语言的界限,成为全世界人民共同的宝贵财富。
一 莎士比亚的影响与成就
他虽然生活在四百多年前,但直到现在仍受到世界各国许多读者的热爱。几百年来,他的作品为世界各国人民传诵不辍,许多国家的许多著名演员不断地演出莎士比亚的戏剧,再现了莎剧中五光十色的人物与社会,赢得了亿万观众的赞叹。伟大的无产阶级革命导师马克思和恩格斯也经常引用他的作品。在各国文学作品中,以莎士比亚诗句为名或作品名称的,多达好几百种。几百年来直至今天,各国都有许多研究、评论莎士比亚和他的作品的学者、评论家。17世纪有德莱登,18世纪有卜普、约翰生和莫尔根,19世纪有兰姆、柯勒律治、赫士列特、德·西昆,20世纪有道登和布雷德莱。世界各国许多著名的文学家和文艺评论家,如德国的歌德,法国的伏尔泰、雨果,俄罗斯的普希金、托尔斯泰等人,都对莎士比亚作品作过精彩评论。研究莎剧成了一门专门的学问正在兴起。莎士比亚是“时代的灵魂”,“他不属于一个时代而属于所有的世纪”。
莎士比亚是一位使人类永久又惊又喜的巨人。莎士比亚毕生共创作了戏剧三十七部、长诗两首、十四行诗一百五十四首,另外还有一些杂诗。他的作品具有思想性和艺术性的高度统一。他的戏剧用高超的艺术技巧,令人惊叹地表现了他自己所处的时代和时代精神,表现了人文主义思想。李尔在暴风雨中对当时社会罪恶的控诉,哈姆雷特在生死问题上的独白,泰门对资本主义社会黄金罪恶的谴责,这些著名的诗章都是人文主义思想的精彩表达,其揭露极为深刻,文笔极为生动,感情极为深挚,语言极为锋利,都是当时时代精神的高度艺术化的反映。