高考英语短文改错考点解析:代词
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高考英语短文改错常见错误及改错知识点高考英语短文改错分类解析---名词一、考点规律分析短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数问题,即在该用复数的地方误用其单数,或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。
二、真题单句归纳(1) We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream.(2) We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time.(3) There are branch library in many villages.(4) I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon.(5) Today I visited the Smiths — my first time visit to an American family.(6) They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question.(7) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics.(8) …and often watch football match on TV together.(9) Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day!(10) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.(11) I used to love science class — all of them— biology, chemistry, geography, physics.(12) They did not want me to do any work at family.(13) …so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(14) On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.(15) No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to.(16) Their word were a great encouragement to me.(17) You know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.”(18) …but after class we become stranger at once.(19) You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet.(20) Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby…(21) She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when…(22) Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.高考英语短文改错分类解析---代词一、考点规律分析短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性)、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各类代词的误加与漏用(尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构)、某些不定代词的用法(尤其是在意思上用错)、代词在某些习语中的用法等。
反身代词是高考英语试题的必考点,同时也是考生应熟练掌握的重点语法知识。
反身代词在高考语法填空题和短文改错题中经常被考查到,考生在复习备考时应掌握反身代词具体有哪些以及在句中起的作用。
一、反身代词概述反身代词强调句子中的主语“本身”就是主语发出动作的承受者。
反身代词有三种人称,分别是第一人称、第二人称、第三人称;反身代词有性别之分,反身代词有单数与复数之分。
高中常见的反身代词如下:第一人称反身代词:单数反身代词是myself 意为“我自己”,复数反身代词是ourselves 意为“我们自己”。
第二人称反身代词:单数反身代词是yourself 意为“你自己”,复数反身代词是yourselves 意为“你们自己”。
第三人称反身代词:单数反身代词有herself 意为“她自己”,himself 意为“他自己”,itself 意为“它自己”,这三者的复数形式的反身代词均为themselves 意为“他/它/她们自己”。
二、反身代词的考点解读反身代词与其所指代的代词或者名词成互指关系,在单复数、性别与人称上与所指代的名词或者代词保持一致,在句中可作表语、同位语、宾语等。
1.反身代词作表语例1:I will whisper to _________(I)...words “Be ________(you)”.(2019年北京卷)解析:myself ;yourself 。
whisper to sb.意为“轻声对某人说”,本句的主语是I ,根据上下文可知,“我轻声对我自己说,成为你自己”,故可知第一空填myself 作介词to 的宾语,第二空填yourself 作be 动词的表语。
例2:The man in red who is playing football in the video is _______(myself/yourself),not Zhang Zhiyang.解析:myself 。
根据句子的主语是the man 和句子的意思可知,本空应填myself ,强调视频中的男子是“我本人”,而不是Zhang Zhiyang 。
高考英语短文改错代词指代错误识别练习题30题1. In the story, Tom told his friend that he should go to the park with them tomorrow.A. heB. themC. shouldD. with答案:A解析:原句中he指代不明,根据句子意思应该是Tom自己要和朋友去公园,所以这里的he应改为I。
2. The report says that we students should study hard, because you are the future of the country.A. weB. youC. studyD. of答案:B解析:原句中you指代错误,前面提到的是we students,这里应该保持一致,you应改为we。
3. Mary loves reading books. She often shares it with her classmates.A. SheB. itD. classmates答案:B解析:原句中it指代错误,这里指代books,是复数,所以it应改为them。
4. My parents always encourage me to pursue my dream. They believe that he can succeed.A. TheyB. heC. believeD. succeed答案:B解析:原句中he指代错误,这里应该指代的是I(前面提到的me),所以he应改为I。
5. In this article, the author mentioned that they have made great progress in recent years.A. theyB. haveC. madeD. in答案:A解析:原句中they指代不明,根据文章是作者在讲述自己的情况,所以they 应改为he/she。
历年的短文改错题都会对代词进行考查。
代词主要包括人称代词、反身代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、连接代词、疑问代词、关系代词等八种,其中关系代词与连接代词会放到从句中进行考查。
一般情况下,短文改错题中会考查人称代词、反身代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词等五种,共涉及到了以下几个考点。
一、前后单复数不一致前文的表述中用了名词或代词的单数或复数形式,而后文中却用了不同的代词复数或单数形式,这样就出现了前后单复数表述不一致的情况。
一般以人称代词和物主代词前后单复数不一致的情况出现得较多。
例1:That’s our view...(2021年全国乙卷)解析:our改为my。
整篇文章是以第一人称“I”进行写作的,可知本句中表述的是“我的”观点,而考题中给出了“our”,从而造成了形容词性物主代词单复数不一致的错误。
正确解答本题需要认真阅读上下文,厘清叙述的人称是第一人称单数,这样就会很快发现错误所在。
例2:They would say to us...(2018年全国II卷)解析:us改为me。
根据上下文语境可知,本句是他们是对“我”说,故应把us改为me。
根据前面的语境可知,本句中应用人称代词的宾格me,应是单数形式,而设题者用了人称代词的宾格us,其是复数形式,造成前后单复数不一致的错误。
二、前后人称不一致在前文中与后文中出现了人称不一致的现象,比如前文出现的是第一人称,而在后文中,却变成了第二人称或者第三人称,这样就出现了人称表述不一致的情况。
在解答这类试题时,应反复阅读前后文,以便能够发现前后文中存在的人称不一致的情况。
例3:...the problems on our own.(2021年全国甲卷)解析:our改为their。
本句的前后文中提及到的都是“they”,再根据本句的意思,应把our改为their。
设题者在本题中故意使用了“our”,就是为了考查考生根据上下文出现的人称,辨别出错误的能力。
高考英语近十年全国卷短文改错题之名词和代词考点01名词考点考情分析一、近十年高考英语全国卷短文改错题名词考点分类汇总1可数名词该用复数形式误用为单数1. (2019全国卷Ⅰ)All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, saying that I had a talent for football.答案与解析:player→players。
all修饰可数名词复数。
2. (2019全国卷II)Since I was a kid, I’ve considered different job I would like to do.答案与解析:job→jobs。
different修饰可数名词复数。
3. (2019全国卷Ⅲ)I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. 答案与解析:city→cities。
many修饰可数名词复数。
4. (2018全国卷Ⅰ)Last winter when I went there again,they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken.答案与解析:chicken→chickens。
dozens of(许多)修饰可数名词复数,这里chicken是可数名词,意思是“小鸡”。
5. (2018全国卷II)After supper, we would play card games of all sort in the sitting room.答案与解析:sort→sorts。
all修饰可数名词复数。
6. (2018全国卷Ⅲ)At that moment I remembered that my father once said, “The classroom is a place for learning and that includes learning from textbooks, and mistake as well.”答案与解析:mistake→mistakes。
短文改错中代词的12种考法考点1:前后人称不一致人称代词:(2019年课标卷)…we’d like to invite you to the exhibition. We would be grateful if you could jointhem that day.解析:应指“加入到我们当中”才与上文的we一致,故改them为us。
物主代词:(2019年Ⅰ卷) My uncle says that he never dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steadily.解析:根据主语he可知,指“他的”生意,用形容词性物主代词his,故改our为his反身代词:(2019年Ⅲ卷)I thought I knew everything and could make decisions by yourself.由句子的主语是I可知,是指由“我自己(myself)”做决定,故改yourself为myself。
考点2:前后单复数不一致人称代词:(2019年课标卷) I was happy when the toys worked, but when things went wrong, I got angry and broke it.解析:指代前句中的the toys,是复数,应用them做broke的宾语,故改it为them。
(2019年大纲卷)Otherwise, it is impossible for him to help each other and to make their friendship last long.解析:由help each other和后面的their可知,要用复数,故改him为them。
(2019年大纲I卷)Nang is a special kind of cake in Xinjiang. I like them very much.解析:替代前句中的a specially kind of cake,是单数,用,故改them为it。
专题05短文改错高频考点TOP5 代词考点一主格、宾格人称之间的误用;物主代词的误用在短文改错中常出现的偷换人称的情况,这时就要求学生对文章的人物有个整体的把控。
1)Every one of them may plant a tree in the school or to organize a thorough cleaning on the campus.【答案】them改为us【解析】根据句意,我们每个人都可以在学校种一棵树,或者组织一次彻底的校园清洁。
代词指代错误。
2) People give up his dreams for this or that reason.【答案】his改为their【解析】people是复数形式,用their来指代考点二it,them误用作宾语指代前文时,误用i t 和them的情况比较多,注:it 可以做主语也可以做宾语,意思为无生命的他,不能指人。
表示特指,单数(同名同物);them只能做宾语,意思为“他们”,表示特指,复数(同名同物),可以指人也可指物。
3)Some classmates are feeling real stressed due to the exam,but I don't take them so seriously.【答案】them改为it【解析】it指代前文一些的同学因为考试而感到焦虑4)As soon as the students rushed into the bathroom, they took off their clothes and hung it on the hooks.【答案】it改为them【解析】指代前文的衣服,为复数形式,所以改为them考点三做宾语时反身代词和宾格之间的误用;反身代词自身单复数的误用在句中作宾语、表语和同位语;Tom taught himself Chinese.(宾语)The boy is old enough to take care of himself.(介宾)She is not quite herself today.她今天不大舒服。
第20讲短文改错(讲)距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
【考纲考情】短文改错材料常取自学生作文或者类似作文,话题多涉及学生的日常生活。
从词法、句法和语篇三个方面来考查语言综合运用能力,兼顾考查句子结构的分析能力和习惯搭配。
词法方面:错词涉及名词、形容词/副词、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动调,介词、冠词,代词等错误;多词、缺词涉及介词、冠词、代词、be动词、不定式符号to等。
句法方面:主要涉及连接并列句和各种从句的连接词或主谓一致。
语篇方面:上下文的一致性,如时态的一致、代词的一致以及行文逻辑的一致等。
【考点梳理】解题原则:1.改动处以最少为原则:该题型要求每句最多有两处错误,无论做何改动,都只能围绕一个词进行。
2.实词以改变词形为原则:对于实词的改动一般只能改动其形式,而不能改变其词义,更不能将其改换成另一实词或随意增删。
第六讲代词一、改正下列句子中的唯一错误:1.31% of the students think it ridiculous. You argue that it does no good to helping people communicate, nor is it useful for learning English.【答案】You改为They【解析】根据上句中的"31% of the students"可知,该句陈述的是这些学生的观点,故该句主语用“They”,指代上句中的"31%of the students"。
2. Therefore, my fingers suddenly lost control of the chopsticks while he was picking up a piece of chicken.【答案】he改为I【解析】根据该句中的”my”并结合前文内容可知,该处陈述的是”我”的行为和动作,故用I3. At around 8:30, on the morning of February 8th, I found a lost suitcase near the exit of Heathrow Airport. I had no choice but to hand them in to the information center.【答案】them改为it【解析】此处表示我别无选择,只能把它交给信息中心。
此处用it指代前面提到的a lost suitcase,故把them改成it4 . This brief visit helped myself learn much about the history of human's space exploration .【答案】myself改为me【解析】动词helped的主语是visit,与其宾语所指不同,不能用反身代词5. As is known to us that knowledge starts with practice.【答案】As改为It【解析】题干的结构是”...is+过去分词+that...”,根据固定句型"It+be+过去分词+that..."可判断此处that引导的从句是真正的主语,应用It作形式主语。
高考英语短文改错考点解析:代词 1 / 4 高考英语短文改错考点解析:代词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错对代词的考查主要涉及人称代词的前后一致性(包括指代的一致性和单复数的一致性)、人称代词的主格与宾语变化、各类代词的误加与漏用(尤其是一些易受汉语影响的结构)、某些不定代词的用法(尤其是在意思上用错)、代词在某些习语中的用法等。 二、真题单句归纳 (1) David pointed to a path which it he thought would probably lead to a village. (去掉 it,因它与其前的关系代词 which 语义重复) (全国卷) (2) When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head. (head 前加 his,汉语可“摇头”,而英语的习惯要说 shake one‘s head) (全国卷) (3) We climb everywhere, not only in America. They have been to Europe many times. (They 改为 We,前后人称不一致) (全国卷) (4) And I can‘t forget the good food you cooked for I. (I 改为 me,因介词之后的人称代词要用宾格) (全国卷) (5) I hope that both you two could come and visit us some time soon. (去掉 both.因 both 与后面的 two 意义重复,况且词序安排也不对) (全国卷) (6) The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home. (his 改为 their,因前面的 the Smiths 指的是“史密斯夫妇”或“史密斯一家”,是复数意义) (全国卷) (7) And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the game. (they 改为 we,根据句意,主从句的主语应该一致) (全国卷) (8) Now I can‘t watch much television, but a few years ago… (去掉 much,因为从下文看作者现在根本就不看电视) (全国卷) (9) Now someone at home reads instead. (someone 改为 everyone 或 everybody.从全文语义来看,应为“每一个人”) (全国卷) (10) I‘m spend all the whole weekend reading and preparing for it. (去掉 all,因 all 与 whole 语义重复) (北京春季卷) (11) The day before the speech contest(比赛) English teacher talked to me. (English 前加 my,teacher 为单数可数名词,前面要有限定词) (全国卷) 高考英语短文改错考点解析:代词 2 / 4 (12) I think I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me understand what the world works. (it 改为 they,因它表示 those classes) (北京春季卷) (13) …in any other words, I am an only child. (去掉 any,因 in other words 为固定短语,意思是“换句话说”) (全国卷) (14) For example, when he bought a chocolate cake, he put them in a secret place I couldn‘t find. (them 改为it,因它指代上文提到的a chocolate cake) (北京春季卷) (15) Then he ate it all, by himself. He never helped other. (other改为others,others 泛指“其他人”) (北京春季卷) (16) The three of them were very excited. (them 改为 us,因短文用的是第一人称) (全国卷) (17) But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college is the only place for a smart boy like his son. (his 改为 their,因要与其前的 his parents 保持一致) (安徽春季卷) (18) According to studies, any children spend more time watching television than they spend in school. (any 改为 many / some,由句意决定) (北京春季卷) (19) …and tried to translate anything into English. (anything 改为 everything,根据上下文句意确定) (全国卷) (20) …as I was learning to express me in simple English. (me 改为 myself,express oneself 为固定结构,意为“表明意思、意见,表达思想”) (全国卷) (21) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (showed 后加 it,showed 在此作及物动词,后面缺少宾语) (全国卷) (21) At once I apologize and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. (me 改为 myself,根据主语和句意,此处应用反身代词) (江苏卷) (22) And every year more and more people start a stamp collection of your own (your 改为 their,主语是 more and more people,故用代词their) (浙江卷) (23) If any one of us had any difficulty in our life or study, the other would help him out.(other 改为 others,因为当某个人遇到困难时,“其余的所有人”都会帮他,而不是“另外的那一个人”会帮他) (天津卷) (24) What‘s more, you have to be friendly with your pupils and take good care of him. (him 改为 them,因为此处要代替的是 your pupils) (湖北卷) 高考英语短文改错考点解析:代词 3 / 4 三、模拟单句演练 (1) Here are some letters for you and he. (2) She loves swimming. It keeps she fit. (3) Here are the cats Auntie brought us. Take good care of it. (4) Everyone here gets up earlier than her does. (5) Here is my dog. It‘s name is Petty. (6) He opened mouth as if to say something. (7) Don‘t lose your heart. Try again. (8) The Smiths have been married, but have no children of his own. (9) I tell him everything, for he is a good friend of me. (10) He smiled at her and laid her hand on hers. (11) When you are away from home, you should look after you. (12) If you have any question, put up hand. (13) It‘s a very important thing. You must think over carefully. (14) I don‘t like these; please show me some other. (15) In order to catch the thief, the police did his best. (16) This is the book which you bought it for me ten years ago. (17) I‘m very sorry about all the whole thing. (18) When I got up, I found parents were preparing breakfast for me. (19) Yes, money is very important, but it is not anything. (20) At the airport, all his baggage was stolen, but soon he got them back. 「参考答案」 (1) he 改为 him,因与you并列用作介词 for 的宾语。 (2) she 改为 her,因用作动词 keeps 的宾语。 (3) it 改为 them,因它指代前面的cats. (4) her 改为 she,因其后有动词 does. (5) It‘s 改为 Its,it’s = it is / it has,而 its 意为“它的”。 (6) mouth 前加his,按英语习惯,此物主代词不能少。 (7) 去掉 your,比较:lose heart意为灰心,lose one‘s heart意为爱上。 (8) his 改为 their,因其前相应的名词 the Smiths(史密斯夫妇)表复数。