主谓一致的三个原则
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英语语法原则主谓一致三原则英语语法原则主谓全都三原则主谓全都三原则是指形式全都原则,意义全都原则,接近全都原则,我在这里整理了相关资料,盼望能关心到您。
主谓全都三原则1. 形式全都的原则一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:如:(1) He likes skating in winter.他喜爱冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much.艾利斯看了许多书。
(3) They dont live here.他们不住这里。
2. 意义全都的原则英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义打算。
如:(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match.在那里的人们看到我们队赢了竞赛时都特别兴奋。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home.我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近全都的原则英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数打算。
如:(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room.他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room.他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there.要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
高考英语主谓一致用法全汇总一、主谓一致的概念主谓一致是指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。
一样情形下,主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配:语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则。
“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数作主语、不可数名词作主语、不定式作主语、并列结构作主语、专门名词作主语时与谓语动词的一致等。
二、名词作主语01某些集体名词,如family,team等作主语时,假如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数形式,假如就其中一个个成员而言,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:His family is a happy one.他的家庭是一个幸福的家庭。
The whole family are watching TV.全家人都在看电视。
这类名词有audience,class,club,company,crew,enemy,crowd,g overnment,group,party,public,team等。
名词population一词的使用情形类似。
“a group(crowd) of+复数名词”等短语之后的谓语动词也同样可用单数或复数,前者强调整体,后者强调各个部分。
02某些集体名词,如people,police,cattle等,只当复数看待,谓语动词必须用复数。
The police are searching for the thief.警察正在搜捕那个贼。
03单、复数同形的名词作主语时,谓语动词应依照意义决定单、复数。
如:A sheep is over there.那边有只羊。
Some sheep are over there.那边有些羊。
04名词所有格之后的名词被省略,这种情形一样只指商店、工厂、住宅等,作主语时,动词一样用单数。
如:The doctor’s is across the street.诊所在街道的对面。
My uncle’s is not far from here.我叔叔家离这儿不远。
常见的省略名词有the baker’s,the barber’s,the carpenter’s,the Zhang’s等。
主谓一致英语中,主语的单复数形式决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
主谓一致必须遵循以下三条原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
根据这三条原则,现从以下几个方面进行总结:一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1. 由and/both...and...连接的两个单数名词作主语时(两个冠词),谓语动词一般根据语法一致的原则用复数。
例如:A young man and a girl want to go there. 一个青年男子和一个姑娘想去那里。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一个概念时(一个冠词),谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①A needle and thread was found on the floor. 在地板上找到了针线(穿了线的针)。
②The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。
2. 一个单数名词同时被and连接的两个不同的形容词修饰,表示两个不同的概念时,谓语动词用复数。
例如:Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.古代史和现代史是我们目前学习的课程。
【注意】如果在意义上指同一个人、同一件事或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数。
例如:The last and most difficult lesson is lesson14. 14课是最后一课也是最难的一课。
3. 当each...and each...,every...and every...,no...and no...,many a...and many a...结构作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
例如:①No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上没发现人和动物。
②Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work.许多医生和护士都忙于他们的工作。
高考英语语法:主谓一致主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在人称和数上必须保持一致。
主谓一致一般遵循三个原则:语法一致(或叫形式一致),意义一致或就近一致①.语法一致: 主谓在语法形式上一致, 即主语是单数形式, 谓语用单数, 主语是复数形式, 谓语用复数②.意义一致: 根据主语的内在涵义的单复数确定谓语的单复数③.就近一致: 一个句子中有两个或两个以上的主语,谓语和靠近它的那个主语保持人称和数的一致分述1.当主语是不定代词somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, everything, nothing, something, anything等时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数a. Somebody is waiting for you outside.b. Nobody knows the answer.有些不定代词作主语时, 据意义确定谓语动词的单复数. 若不定代词所指为单数意义, 谓语用单数; 若不定代词所指为复数意义, 谓语用复数. 这类词有: all, some, any, more, most, half 等a. All are happy to hear the news.b. All that has to be done has been done.c. Most of the surface of the earth is covered by water.d. Half of the wood has been carried away.2.集体名词如: family, class, army, enemy,government, group, team等作主语时, 如果将其看作一个整体, 则谓语动词用单数, 若看成其中的成员(个体), 则谓语动词用复数a. My family is a happy one. / All my family are music lovers.b. Our class is the best in our school. / The whole class are having a discussion about the problem.集体名词people, cattle, police, youth等作主语时, 谓语动词常用复数a. The police are looking for the thief.b. Cattle are not allowed to graze here.3.代词none和neither作主语时, 谓语动词根据说话人的意思用单数或复数. 当说话人着眼于任何一个都不时, 谓语动词用单数; 当说话人着眼于全都不时, 谓语动词用复数a. None of them has a car. ( 他们没有一个人有汽车)b. None of them have a car. ( 他们都没有汽车)c. None of them knows the answer. ( 他们两个谁也不知道答案)d. None of them know the answer. ( 他们两个都不知道答案)4.bothand连接两个主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数. eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut 连接两个主语时, 采取就近原则, 即谓语动词和靠近它的那个主语保持一致a. Both Tom and Jerry were late for school that day.b. Either you or he has dropped waste paper in the street.c. Neither he nor I have forgotten for pay for the drinks.5.在There be和Here be结构中, 句子的主语在be之后, 如果主语不止一个, 那么谓语动词be与邻近的主语一致a. There is a desk, a table, three chairs in the room.b. There are three chairs, a desk and a table in the room.c. Here are two letters and a magazine for you.6.如果主语后面跟有with, together with, along with, as well as, but, except, besi des, including, like, rather than, no less than, in addition to(除外)等引导的短语时, 谓语动词的形式只与主语有关, 而与其后的短语无关a. The teacher with three student s was in the classroom then.b. This book, as well as the other two books, is borrowed from our school library.c. None but Jim and Mike knows my secret.d. Seven people, including a policeman, were killed.7.表示时间, 长度, 距离, 金额, 价值, 重量, 容量等的复数名词作主语时, 通常作整体看待, 即表示总量或总和, 谓语动词用单数. 若把它们看作一个个的个体, 即强调其具体数量时, 谓语动词用复数形式a. Twenty years is a long time to us.b. Two hundred miles is not a long distance.c. Ten thousand US dollars is a lot of money.d. There are ten minutes left.8.在四则运算中, 谓语动词用单复数均可, 但单数形式更为多用a. Two and ten is / are twelve.b. Three times five is / are fifteen.9.动名词或动词不定式作主语时, 谓语动词用单数a. Smoking / To smoke is a bad habit.b. Carving animal bones is not an easy job.10.主语从句作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数. 但若主语从句所指的具体内容为复数意义时, 谓语动词用复数a. What we need is more time.b. What we need are more doctors.11.以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数, 这类专有名词如: General Motors(通用汽车公司), the United Nations(联合国), the United States, the New York Times(纽约时报)等.a. The New York Times is published daily.b. The Arabian Nights is a popular reading among the young people.表示群岛, 山脉, 瀑布的专有名词作主语时, 谓语动词通常用复数, 如:the Andes(安第斯山脉), the Alps(阿尔卑斯山脉), the West Indies(西印度群岛), the Niagara Falls(尼加拉大瀑布)12.有些形式为复数, 而意义为单数的名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数. 这类名词如: news, works(工厂), politics(政治), physics(物理), mathematics(数学 )等13.以-s或-es结尾, 由对称的两部分构成的物体作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 这类物体如: trousers, glasses, jeans(牛仔裤), scissors(剪刀), shades(太阳镜)等. 如果这类名词前用了pair, 则谓语动词的数取决于pair的数a. Here is a pair of glasses for you.b. There are three pairs of jeans in the bag.14. 分数或百分数+ of + 名词作主语时, 谓语动词视名词的可数与否采用单数或复数a. Over three quarters of the city was destroyed in the war.b. 35 percent of the do ctors are women.c. Thirty percent of the workers are out of work now.d. One third of the water has been wasted.15.用and连接两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. 如果and连接的两个名词指的是同一人、事、物或概念( 如: a knife and f ork一副刀叉, the bread and butter奶油面包, my house and home我的家)时, 则谓语动词用单数a. Many books and a pen are on the desk.b. The pianist and composer (钢琴家兼作曲家) has come to this small town.16. the + adj.表示一类人或事物作主语时, 谓语动词用复数. the +adj.若表示抽象概念或品质, 则谓语用单数a. The old in the city are taken good care of.b. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.美给我们以快乐17.more than one和many a + 单数名词作主语时, 谓语用单数a. Many a student has won the prize.很多学生获了奖b. More than one person has made the same mistake.不止一人犯了同样的错误。
主谓一致英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和单复数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词一致.谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单复数形式的变化而变化.高考英语中主要以完形填空和语法填空的形式,同时可能会结合其他语法点比如非谓语动词和复合句等来考查。
一、主谓一致的三原则主谓一致一般要遵循三个原则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则。
(一)语法一致原则主语和谓语通常是从语法形式上取得一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
Jolin has made great success with so many years going on。
Jolin是单数形式,谓语动词have也应当用单数形式hasThe Jolins are very fond of singing .the Jolins 指一家人,表示复数,谓语动词be也应当用复数形式are。
(二)意义一致原则意义一致原则是指从意义着眼来处理主谓一致问题。
有时候主语在形式上是单数形式,但是其意义是负数,谓语动词根据意义而定,采用复数形式。
The singer and artist is holding a concert called “land blue”.歌星和大艺术家是同一个人,是单数。
The old are very well taken care of in our city。
the old 指所有老年人,指一类人,是复数。
(三)就近原则就近原则是指谓语动词的变化以靠近谓语动词的主语部分而定。
Linlin or you are supposed to get into the hole。
1You是最靠近谓语动词的主语部分,因此be动词应当用复数形式的are。
二、主谓一致的详细讲解(一)代词作主语1.不定代词either,neither, each, one,the other,another以及复合不定代词someone,somebody等作主语,谓语动词用单数。
主谓一致讲解及练习一、主谓一致的含义:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上维持一致。
二、主谓一致三原则:主谓一致必需遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。
(一)、语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。
1. 单数或不可数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数;复数名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
如:The teache r i s here and the students ar e there .老师在这里,学生在那里。
2.each,every,neither,either,no+单数名词作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词用单数。
如:Each room is full of people.每间屋子都挤满了人。
Each boy and girl____a new book.A.are given B.was given C.being given D.were given3.主语+with,together with,like,as well as,except, including等短语作定语时,谓语的单、复数与主语一致。
如:He as well as I wants to go boating. 他和我想去划船。
The teacher together with his students is going there on foot.老师和他的学生一路步行抵达那里。
Nobody but Jane____the secret.A.knows B.Know C.have know D.is know4.something,everything,anything,nothing,everybody,anybody,everyone,anyone,no one,nobody等复合不定代和单独的either,neither,each(each of),no one,the other,another等词作主语,谓语动词用单数。
英语主谓一致的三个原则英语中主谓一致有三个原则,语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近原则,有关英语主谓一致的考点详情如下:一、语法一致原则即主语语法形式上的单复数形式与谓语的单复数形式要一致。
1.单数名词、代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句做主语时,谓语动词一般采用单数形式。
注意:一个主语从句做主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
但若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词用复数形式。
2.当主语是and, both……and 连接的并列结构时,如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,谓语动词用复数。
注意:两个单数名词用and连接,表示同一人,同一物、同一概念,或不可分割的整体时,谓语动词仍用单数。
这时and 后面的名词没有冠词。
3.由 and 连接的并列单数主语的前面分别有each、every 、no、many a修饰时,谓语动词要用单数形式。
Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.每一个人都很有理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。
Each boy and each girl has an apple.每个男孩和每个女孩都有一个苹果。
Many a teacher and many a student has seen the film.许多老师和学生都看过这部电影。
注意:each作主语或其修饰的名词作主语:each作主语或其修饰的名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
Each student has an MP3, which gives them more ways to enjoy their spare time.每个学生都有一个MP3,这给他们在课余时间享受生活提供了更多的方式。
Each of the class has been given a bike.这个班里的每一个学生都得到了一辆自行车。
初中英语语法(主谓一致)主谓一致是指一个句子的主语和谓语动词保持数的一致关系。
主谓一致要遵循三条原则:语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。
一、复习要点:1.语法一致的原则:语法一致的原则就是指主语和谓语动词保持语法形式上的一致,即主语为单数形式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。
⑴单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句用作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。
主语为复数名词或代词时,谓语动词用复数形式。
例如:His father works for a computer company. 他的父亲在一家电脑公司工作。
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对眼睛有害。
What he said is very important for us all. 他所说的话对我们大家都很重要。
⑵由连词and或both… and连接的并列主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
例如:New York and Boston are American cities. 纽约和波士顿是美国城市。
Both she and her sister like drawing pictures. 她和她的姐姐都喜欢画画⑶由―a… and a half, more than one +名词‖―one and a half + 名词‖, 等作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数. 如:Only one and a half apples is left on the table.注意: one or two + 复数名词作主语, 谓语动词用复数形式, 如:One or two places have been visited. 参观了一两个地点构成的主语,尽管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词要用单数形式。
例如:A month and a half has passed since I saw him. 自从我见到他,已经过去一个半月了。
主谓一致的三个原则
主谓一致是指句子中的主语和谓语在人称(如第一人称、第二人称、
第三人称)、数(单数、复数)和形式(肯定句、否定句)上保持一致。
以下是主谓一致的三个原则:
原则一:一致性原则
根据一致性原则,当主语是单数时,谓语动词要用单数形式;当主语
是复数时,谓语动词要用复数形式。
例句:
- The cat chases mice every day.(猫每天都追逐老鼠。
)
- The cats chase mice every day.(猫们每天都追逐老鼠。
)
原则二:就近一致原则
根据就近一致原则,当主语有两个或更多个,并且用连词连接起来时,谓语动词的数应与最接近谓语动词的主语保持一致。
例句:
- Jack and Jill go to school together.(杰克和吉尔一起上学。
)- Jack or his friends go to the party.(杰克或者他的朋友们去
参加派对。
)
原则三:无谓语从句的一致原则
当谓语动词是主句的一部分时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致,而不是与从句中的主语保持一致。
例句:
- The fact that he is late does not surprise me.(他迟到这个事实并不让我惊讶。
)
以上就是主谓一致的三个原则。
遵循这些原则可以使句子更准确、易于理解,并且使语法结构更正确。
主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的一个概念,合理使用可以帮助我们更好地表达自己的意思。