托福TPO37综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO37口语Task3阅读文本： Room Phones Are Unnecessary As part of the cost of student housing, students play to have phones in their dormitory rooms. I think this is unnecessary, and the university should remove the phones from student's rooms. Room phones are not needed since students all have phones we can use to make calls instead. Removing the room phones would also have a cost benefit for students, since we would save money if we didn't have to pay the cost of phone service for the rooms. 托福TPO37口语Task3听力文本： Now listen to two students discussing the letter. W: Hey Jimmy! Did you read this? M: I did, yeah. What do you think about it? W: I don't know. I don't think it'd be a very good idea. M: Oh yeah? But it's true that a lot of us have our own phones. W: Yeah, but it's good to have both. The service we get with our own phones isn't always reliable. Maybe it's because there're a lot of hills around here, but my service doesn't work that well in this area. A lot of times calls get cut off where the reception isn't good. I can't hear the person on the other line. M: Yeah, I've had some friends say that too actually. W: So it's good to have a backup option; something we can use if our own phones aren't working. M: I see what you mean, but when you think of the money... W: Well if I don't buy his argument there either because I don't know if you've noticed this on the housing bill we get from the university, but right now we only pay per call. M: Oh really? W: Yeah, so if you don't make many calls, you don't pay much. I mean, if you use it a lot of course you'll pay more, but students can avoid that if they just avoid using it as much as possible. M: Oh, I see. Ok... W: So, I think they should just keep it the way it is now. 托福TPO37口语Task3题目： The woman express her opinion about the proposal described in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal. Then state her opinion about the proposal and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion. 托福TPO37口语Task3满分范文： In the letter it is proposed that the phone in students’ rooms should be removed. First reason is students now all have their own phones so the room phones are unnecessary. Second reason is if school stops the phone service, students will no longer need to pay the phone fees so they will save some money. But the woman thinks it is not a good idea. On the one hand, she thinks students’ phones are not reliable all the time. Sometimes the signals will be cut off or the reception will be bad. So room phones are necessary for students as a backup option. On the other hand, she points that students only need to pay when they use room phones. If they don’t use the room phone, they need to pay nothing. So most of them only need to pay little money on this service. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO37口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

托福TPO37独立写作题目文本+满分范文为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO37独立写作题目原文：Do you agree or disagree with the following statements?Because people are busy doing so many different things, they do very few things well. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.托福TPO37独立写作满分范文：With the pace of live speeding up, people usually need to do several things at the same time to gain high efficiency. However, some p eople argue that they can’t produce high-quality results when they need to cope with different things in the meantime. From my point of view, I suppose that one can do several things together given a well-scheduled plan and good sense of responsibility.To begin with, the determinant factor of achievement is one’s effort rather than the number of things he is doing. A person who owns strong sense of responsibility can handle several tough tasks at the same time. In contrast, if he isn’t willing to make a good effort, his work will be ended up in a mess even if only one task is given to him once. People who believe that one can never handle different things at the same time ignore the power of subjective initiative and human potential. Undoubtedly, we can’t e xpect a person to handle hundreds of things during a short period, but it is possible for most of us to deal with several missions well in the meantime.Furthermore, another crucial element which will influence one’s work results is his ability to make com prehensivearrangements. It will become much easier for a man who can properly allocate his time to solve concurrent problems. Comprehensive consideration will contribute a lot to the good accomplishment of multiple simultaneous projects. The techniques about properly scheduling can not only eliminate the waste of time but also economize our input of energy. Take this case for example: with a bottle filled with cold water and raw coffee beans, how can you make yourself a cup of coffee as quickly as possible? The best plan is to prepare coffee beans while waiting for cold water to boil instead of handling the coffee beans after water is heat up. It is a convincing example recovering the importance of comprehensive arrangements.Last but not least, sometimes different missions can have mutual promotion to each other. For example, college students who have both a math major and a finance minor will go further into both subjects. Math can provide a more solid foundation to financial application while finance can offer application opportunities to theprinciples of mathematics. The interaction between two subjects deepens students understanding to both of them.To sum up, it is feasible for us to do a couple of things together without spoiling any of them. Provided a carefully arranged time schedule and a high sense of responsibility, most of us can cope with several tasks in the meantime. In addition, we can sometimes get mutual promotion when there are related missions. (446 words)以上是给大家整理的托福TPO37独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

托福综合写作TPO37The reading and the listening both discuss whether the Greeks defended themselves against the Roman navy with the burning mirror 2200 years ago. The author presents several problems with the use of burning mirror. However, what the lecturer states rejects most of the main ideas in the reading.To begin with, the author points out that the ancient Greeks were not technologically advanced enough to make the buring mirror with such a precise parabolic shape. Whereas, the lecturer demonstrates a different idea that it is not the real case. The reason is that instead of one single copper sheet, the burning mirror could be assembled by several pieces of flat polished copper, since the Greek scientists knew the nature of parabolic curvature, they were able to direct the assemblage and make the burning mirror with precise parabolic shape.Furthermore, the author holds the opinion that burning mirror would take a long time to set the ships on fire and it is unlikely for Roman ships to stay perfectly still. On the contrary, the lecturer confutes it by saying that it is not true, resulting from the fact that though the wood empirically caught fire in ten minutes, the Roman ships are also made of other material such as pitch which is used to seal up the space between woods and keep the ship water-tight. It only takes several seconds to catche the pitch on fire and then the fire can spread to other parts of the ship even if the ship is mobile.Furthermore, the author maintains that already havingflaming arrows, an effective weapon to set the enemy's ships on fire, there is no need to build the burning mirror. In contrast, the lecturer opposes it by raising that flamming arrows sometimes are not useful. Because Roman soilders are quite familiar with the flaming arrows, they could quickly notice the fire resulted form the flaming arrows and put it out. However, they may fail to notice the sun rays reflected from the burning mirror, which might set fire on unobserved places and destory the ship more effectively.。

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The Emergence of CivilizationStarting around 8000 B.C.E., the most extensive exploitation of agricultureoccurred in river valleys, where there were both good soil and a dependablewater supply regardless of the amount of rainfall. In the Near East, thishappened in the Fertile Crescent, the region extending up the Nile Valley inEgypt, north through the Levant (Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria), and southeastinto the Tigris and Euphrates river valleys of Mesopotamia. The richest soil waslocated in the deltas at the mouths of the rivers, but the deltas were swampyand subject to flooding. Before they could be farmed, they needed to be drainedand irrigated, and flood-control systems had to be constructed. These activitiesrequired administrative organization and the ability to mobilize large pools oflabor. In Mesopotamia, perhaps as a consequence of a period of drought, massiveland-use projects were undertaken after 4000 B.C.E. to cultivate the rich deltasoils of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. The land was so productive that manymore people could be fed, and a great population explosion resulted. Villagesgrew into cities of tens of thousands of persons.These large cities needed some form of centralized administration.Archaeological evidence indicates that the organization initially was providedby religion, for the largest building in each city was a massive temple honoringone of the Mesopotamian gods. In Uruk, for example, a 60-foot- long temple knownas the White House was built before 3000 B.C.E. There were no other large publicbuildings, suggesting that the priests who were in charge of the temples alsowere responsible for governing the city and organizing people to work in the fields and on irrigation projects building and maintaining systems of ditches and dams.The great concentration of wealth and resources in the river valleysbrought with it further technological advances, such as wheeled vehicles, multicolored pottery and the pottery wheel, and the weaving of wool garments. Advances in metal technology just before 2000 B.C.E. resulted in the creation of bronze, a durable alloy (or mixture) of about 90 percent copper and 10 percent tin that provided a sharp cutting edge for weapons.By 3000 B.C.E., the economies and administrations of Mesopotamia and Egypthad become so complex that some form of record keeping was needed. As a result, writing was invented. Once a society became literate, it passed from the period known as prehistory into the historic period. In fact, the word history comes from a Greek word meaning narrative people could not provide a detailed permanent account of their past until they were able to write.The totality of these developments resulted in the appearance, around 300B.C.E., of a new form of culture called civilization. The first civilizations had several defining characteristics. They had economies based on agriculture. They had cities that functioned as administrative centers and usually had large populations. They had different social classes, such as free persons and slaves. They had specialization of labor, that is, different people serving, for example, as rulers, priests, craft workers, merchants, soldiers, and farmers. And they had metal technology and a system of writing. As of 3000 B.C.E., civilization in these terms existed in Mesopotamia, Egypt, India, and China.。

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托福TPO37听力Conversation1文本 Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and his anthropology professor. Professor: Well, Mathew. Good to see you. How can I help you? Student: Did you happen to read last weekend's art section of the newspaper? Professor: Yes, I did. Why? Student: Well, you remember the article about an exhibition of ancient featherwork pieces from Peru? I'm thinking of doing my research paper on this topic, if it's okay with you, of course. I've done some additional reading about ancient Peruvian cultures, how they used brightly colored feathers to decorate clothes and ceremonial objects. From the pictures I'm seen, they are beautiful works of art. Professor: They sure are. I saw the exhibition a few days ago. But is that how you'd approach Peruvian featherwork in your paper? As an art form? Remember you need to take an anthropological angle. Uh, look at this in a way that tells us something about the people who made this featherwork and the societies they lived in. Student: Well, absolutely. I read that most of the really colorful feathers came from the rain forest and the societies who used them lived on the coast on the other side of the Andes Mountains, so the feathers had to be carried over the Andes. No wonder featherwork was symbol of high status in ancient Peruvian societies. Professor: That's definitely a long, dangerous trip to make on foot. I do research down in Peru and I have made that trip, but the easy way. I've flown and driven. Student: I didn't know you did research in Peru. Maybe...do you think you would be able to help me with this paper? Professor: I’ll be happy to help if I can, but Peruvian featherwork isn't my area of expertise. You know, every few pieces of featherwork survive because feathers decay so quickly. Not many people have had the chance to study them up close. There is a handful of experts out there who have, and I could try to contact some of them. But I think your best bet is to keep reading and finding more books and articles. And of course you can use the information you got at the exhibition as source material too. You've been to the exhibition, haven't you? Student: Uh, actually...not yet. Professor: Um...well, it would be a good idea if you went, don't you think? It's good that you've done some background reading, but it will make more sense when you actually see the featherwork. There's a lot of information available there from book lists, tour guides. And you could even ask to meet with the curator and ask for her insights. 托福TPO37听力Conversation1题目 1.Why does the student go to speak with the professor? A. To ask the professor about an article she wrote. B. To ask the professor's opinion about an art exhibition. C. To ask the professor to approve a topic for a paper. D. To ask the professor to write to her colleagues on the student's behalf. 2.Why does the student mention that feathers were transported from the rain forest to the coast in ancient Peru? A. To show that he is already thinking about the topic from an anthropological perspective. B. To emphasize the similarities between feathers of rain forest birds and coastal birds' feathers. C. To give an example of collaboration between two societies. D. To compare the means of transportation used by ancient Peruvians to those used today. 3.What is the student's attitude when he learns that the professor has done research in Peru? A. He is surprised that she is not more familiar with Peruvian featherwork. B. He is disappointed that she had not mentioned this in class. C. He is eager to hear the details of her experiences there.。

TPO37托福综合写作Reading：A little over2,200years ago,the Roman navy attacked the Greek port city of Syracuse.According to some ancient historians,the Greeks defend themselves with an ingenious weapon called a“burning mirror”.A polished copper surface curdto focus the Sun’s rays onto Roman ships,causing them to catch fire.However,we have several reasons to suspect that the story of the burning mirror is just a myth and the Greeks of Syracuse never rally built such a device.First,the ancient Greeks were not technologically advanced enough to make such a device.A mirror that would focus sunlight with sufficient intensity to set ships on fire would have to be several meters wide.Moreover,the mirror would have to have a very precise parabolic curvature(a curvature derived from a geometric shape known as the parabola).The technology for manufacturing a large sheet of copper with such specifications did not exist in the ancient world.Second,the burning mirror would have taken a long time to set the ships on fire.In an experiment conducted to determine whether a burning mirror was feasible,a device concentrating the Sun，s rays on a wooden object30meters away took ten minutes to set the object on fire;and during that time,the object had to be unmoving.It is unlikely that Roman ships stayed perfectly still for that much time.Such a.weapon would therefore have been very impractical and ineffective.Third,a burning mirror does not seem like an improvement on a weapon that t Greeks already had:flaming arrows.Shooting at an enemy’s ships with flaming arrows was a common way of setting the ships on fire.The burning mirror and flaming arrows would have been effective at about the same distance.So the Greeks had no reason to build a weapon like a burning mirror.前。

托福听力: TPO听力题目与答案1-37全套汇总(附译文)目前托福TPO内容已经更新到37套，很多同学在使用TPO听力内容时不是缺少音频资料就是内容不全，针对大家使用TPO听力内容的诸多不方便，小编特给出一份托福TPO 听力题目与答案1-37全套汇总(附译文)资料，同学们可以拿去好好练习一下，进而也可对比一下与之前内容的不同，所增加的套题与之前的区别。

托福TPO听力题目与答案1-37全套汇总(附译文)内容如下：1.Why does the student go to see the librarian?To sign up for a seminar on using electronic sources for researchTo report that a journal is missing from the reference areaTo find out the procedure for checking out journal articlesTo ask about how to look for resources for a class paper2.What does the librarian say about the availability of journals and articles in the library?They are not easy to find if a professor put them on reserveMost of them are accessible in an electronic formatMost of them can be checked out for three weeksPrinted versions from the past three years are located in the reference section3.What does the librarian suggest the student should do to save time?Choose an easier research topicConcentrate on five journalsRead the summaries of the articles firstInstall a new program on her home computer4.What can be inferred about why the woman decides to use the computer in the library?She thinks she might need additional help from the manShe does not have a computer at homeShe has to hand in her assignment by the end of the dayShe will be meeting a friend in the library later on5.Why does the woman say thisShe had forgotten about the informationShe is surprised she was not aware of the informationShe is annoyed that the information was published only recentlyShe is concerned that the librarian gave her incorrect informationStudentHi, um…, I really hope you can help me.LibrarianThat’s why I’m here. What can I do for you?StudentI’m supposed to do a literature review for my psychology course, but I’m… having a hard time finding articles. I don’t even know where to start looking.LibrarianYou said this is for your psychology course, right? So your focus is on …StudentDream Interpretation.LibrarianWell, you have a focus, so that’s already a good start. Hmmm… well, there’re a few things… oh wait… have you checked to see if your professor put any material for you to look at on reserve?StudentAha, that’s one thing I did know to do. I just copied an article, but I still need three more on my topic from three different journals.LibrarianLet’s get you going on looking for those then. We have printed versions of twenty or so psychology journals in the Reference Section. These are ones published within the last year. Now that I think about it… there’s a journal named Sleep and Dreams.StudentOh, yeah, the article I just copied is from that journal, so I’ve got to look in other sources.正确答案，D。

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Modern Architecture In The United States At the end of the nineteenth century,there were basically two kinds of buildings in the United States.On one hand were the buildings produced for the wealthy or for civic purposes,which tended to echo the architecture of the past and to use traditional styles of ornamentation.On the other hand were purely utilitarian structures,such as factories and grain elevators,which employed modern materials such as steel girders and plate glass in an undisguised and unadorned manner.Such buildings,however,were viewed in a category separate from"fine"architecture,and in fact were often designed by engineers and builders rather than architects.The development of modern architecture might in large part be seen as an adaptation of this sort of functional building and its pervasive application for daily use.Indeed,in this influential book Toward a New Architecture,the Swiss architect Le Corbusier illustrated his text with photographs of American factories and grain storage silos,as well as ships,airplanes,and other industrial objects.Nonetheless,modern architects did not simply employ these new materials in a strictly practical fashion—they consciously exploited their aesthetic possibilities.For example,glass could be used to open up walls and eliminate their stone and brick masonry because large spaces could now be spanned with steel beams. The fundamental premise of modern architecture was that the appearance of the building should exhibit the nature of its materials and forms of physical support.This often led to effects that looked odd from a traditional standpoint but that became hallmarks of modern architecture for precisely this reason.For example,in traditional architecture,stone or brick walls served a structural role,but in a steel-beam building the walls were essentially hung from the internal skeleton of steel beams,which meant that walls and corners no longer needed to be solid but could be opened up in unexpected ways.At the Fagus shoe factory in Germany,for example,German architect Walter Gropius placed glass walls in the corners,effectively breaking open the box of traditional architecture and creating a new sense of light and openness.Similarly,steel beams could be used to construct balconies that projected out from the building without any support beneath them.These dramatic balconies quickly became a signature of modern architects such as Frank Lloyd Wright.Wright's most dramatic residence,Fallingwater,has balconies that thrust far out over a stream in a way that seems to defy gravity. The ways in which new technology transformed architectural design are dramatically illustrated through the evolution of the high-rise office building.After ten or twelve stories,masonry construction reaches a maximum possible height,since it runs into difficulties of compression and of inadequate lateral strength to combat wind shear.Steel construction,on the other hand,can support abuilding of 50 or 100 stories without difficulty.Such buildings were so different from any previous form of architecture that they quickly acquired a new name—the skyscraper. From the standpoint of real estate developers,the purpose of skyscrapers was to increase rental space in valuable urban locations.But to create usable high-rise buildings,a number of technical challenges needed to be solved.One problem was getting people to the upper floors,since after five or six stories it becomes exhausting to climb stairs.Updated and electrified versions of the freight elevator that had been introduced by Elisha Graves Otis in 1853(several decades before skyscraper construction)solved this problem.Another issue was fire safety.The metal supporting buildings became soft when exposed to fire and collapsed relatively quickly.(They could melt at 2700 Fahrenheit,whereas major fires achieve temperatures of 3000degrees).However,when the metal is encased in fire-retardant materials,its vulnerability to fire is much decreased.In Chicago,a system was developed for surrounding the metal components with hollow tiles made from brick-like terra-cotta.Such tiles are impervious to fire.The terra-cotta tiles were used both to encase the supporting members and as flooring.A structure built with steel beams protected by terra-cotta tiles was still three times lighter than a comparably sized building that used masonry construction,so the weight of the tiles was not a problem. 1.The word"pervasive"in the passage is closest in meaning to A.innovation B.skilled C.eventual D.widespread Paragraph 1 is marked with? 答案： D选项正确 解析： 本题根据所考察词汇定位到原文中这一句话：The development of modern architecture might in large part be seen as an adaptation of this sort of functional building and its pervasive application for daily use.本句的大致意思是：现代建筑的发展可能很大程度上被视为是功能性建筑以及其广泛日常应用的变种。

托福阅读tpo37R-2原文+译文+题目+答案+背景知识原文Direct Species Translocation①It is becoming increasingly common for conservationists to move individual animals or entire species from one site to another.This may be either to establish a new population where a population of conspecifics(animals or plants belonging to the same species)has become extinct or to add individuals to an existing population.The former is termed reintroduction and the latter reinforcement.In both cases,wild individuals are captured in one location and translocated directly to another.②Direct translocation has been used a wide range of plants and animals and was carried out to maintain populations as a source of food long before conservation was a familiar term.The number of translocations carried out under the banner of conservation has increased rapidly,and this has led to criticism of the technique because of the lack of evaluation of its efficacy and because of its potential disadvantages.The nature of translocation ranges from highlyorganized and researched national or international programs to ad hoc releases of rescued animals by well-intentioned animal lovers.In a fragmented landscape where many populations and habitats are isolated from others,translocations can play an effective role in conservation strategies;they can increase the number of existing populations or increase the size,genetic diversity,and demographic balance of a small population,consequently increasing its chances of survival.③Translocation clearly has a role in the recovery of species that have substantially declined and is the most likely method by which many sedentary species can recover all or part of their former range. However,against this is the potential for reinforcement translocations to spread disease from one population to another or to introduce deleterious or maladaptive genes to a population.Additionally, translocation of predators or competitors may have negative impacts on other species,resulting in an overall loss of st but not least of these considerations is the effort and resources required in this type of action,which need to be justified by evidence of the likely benefits.④Despite the large number of tranlocations that have taken place, there is surprisingly little evidence of the efficacy of such actions.This is partly because many translocations have not been strictly for conservation;neither have they been official nor legal,let alone scientific in their approach.Successful translocations inevitably get recorded and gain attention,whereas failures may never be recorded at all.This makes appraisal of the method very difficult.One key problem is a definition of success.Is translocation successful if the individuals survive the first week or a year,or do they need to reproduce for one or several generations?Whatever the answer,it is clear that a general framework is required to ensure that any translocation is justified,has a realistic chance of success,and will be properly monitored and evaluated for the benefit of future efforts.⑤An example of apparent translocation success involves the threatened Seychelles warbler.This species was once confined to Cousin Island,one of the Seychelles islands,and reduced to26 individuals.Careful habitat management increased this number to over 300birds,but the single population remained vulnerable to local catastrophic events.The decision was taken to translocate individuals to two nearby islands to reduce this risk.The translocations took placein1988and1990,and both have resulted in healthy breeding populations.A successful translocation exercise also appears to have been achieved with red howler monkeys in French Guiana.A howler population was translocated from a site due to be flooded for hydroelectric power generation.The release site was an area where local hunting had reduced the density of the resident howler population.Released troops of monkeys were kept under visual observation and followed by radio tracking of16females.Although the troops appeared to undergo initial problems,causing them to split up, all the tracked females settled into normal behavioral patterns.⑥Unfortunately,the success stories are at least matched by accounts of failure.Reviewing translocation of amphibians and reptiles, researchers C.Kenneth Dodd and Richard A.Siegel concluded that most projects have not demonstrated success as conservation techniques and should not be advocated as though they were acceptable management and mitigation practices.译文直接物种迁移①自然资源保护主义者将单个动物或整个物种从一个地方转移到另一个地方，这变得越来越普遍。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO37口语Task6听力文本： Listen to part of a lecture from an art history class. So last class we were talking a bit about the history of photography and as I was saying, with the invention of the camera in the mid to late 1800s, for the first time people were able to record realistic images. Up until then, painting, portraits, landscapes, were the way that realistic images were recorded; the image of a person's face, the painting of a mountain range, but with the invention of the camera, now there was this new piece of technology; this machine that took realistic images and this had an enormous effect on painting. One effect was that painters began using photographs as a tool; a tool to help them paint more realistically. Before the camera, it was extremely difficult to realistically depict a moving object in a painting, but now photography was able to capture fleeting moments; freeze them in time and painters were able to use these photographs as a basis for their paintings. For example, the legs of a horse as its running. Photography could now capture the exact position of a horse's legs in midair, which a painter could use to more realistically create a painting of horses galloping. Photography also affected painting in a more conceptual way. The fact that cameras could now perfectly record realistic images led some painters to change their style; to stop painting realistically and adopt a more abstract way of painting. An abstract style enabled painters to contrast their art with photography, to set their art apart from the art of photography. They didn't want their paintings to look anything like photographs. They wanted their art to be more imaginative, more abstract. For example, if a painter were painting people f he or she might not use natural skin tones for the skin and instead paint the people's skin unnatural colors, like green, purple, or blue, which of course is not realistic. 托福TPO37口语Task6题目： Using points and examples from the lecture, explain two ways that photography affected painting. 托福TPO37口语Task6满分范文： In this lecture, the professor talks about two ways in which photography affects painting. First is photography began to be used as a tool helping painters to paint much realistically because photography can capture freezing moments and these can be used as basis for paintings. Such as the pictures of horse legs as running. It can provide the exact position of horse legs to the painters. The second way is photography made painters to gradually adopt abstract style. They wanted to set them apart from photography. For example, when those painters painted human, they woulduse unnatural colors to depict people’s skin such as blue and green which was different from natural colors. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO37口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

托福阅读真题100篇原文+题目(三十七) 很多同学反映，在托福阅读考试中，最大的难题就是速度，时间紧任务重，如何能够在1个小时的时间里完成3篇阅读文章及题目呢?其实解决这个问题最好的办法就是刷题，通过大量真题的练习，大家能够更好地来模拟考试，查找技巧。

PASSAGE 37A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual, and specialized communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the utterance. When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate unsureness or fright, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie them. Here the conversant's tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills, personality, and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic communication.Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident,pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or exuberant, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker perceives the listener's receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic qualities of the depressed.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The function of the voice in performance(B) The connection between voice and personality(C) Communication styles(D) The production of speech2. What does the author mean by stating that, At interpersonal levels, tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen (lines 9-10)?(A) Feelings are expressed with different words than ideas are.(B) The tone of voice can carry information beyond the meaning of words.(C) A high tone of voice reflects an emotional communication.(D) Feelings are more difficult to express than ideas.3. The word Here in line 10 refers to(A) interpersonal interactions(B) the tone(C) ideas and feelings(D) words chosen4. The word derived in line 15 is closest in meaning to(A) discussed(D) obtained5. Why does the author mention artistic, political, or pedagogic communication in line 17?(A) As examples of public performance(B) As examples of basic styles of communication(C) To contrast them to singing(D) To introduce the idea of self-image6. According to the passage , an exuberant tone of voice, may be an indication of a person's(A) general physical health(B) personality(C) ability to communicate(D) vocal quality7. According to the passage , an overconfident front may hide(A) hostility(B) shyness(C) friendliness(D) strength8. The word drastically in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) frequently(B) exactly(C) severely(D) easily9. The word evidenced in line 25 is closest in meaning to(A) questioned(D) exaggerated10. According to the passage , what does a constricted and harsh voice indicate?(A) lethargy(B) depression(C) boredom(D) angerPASSAGE 37 BBADA BBCCD。

托福TPO37综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO37综合写作阅读原文文本：One of the threats to endangered sea turtle species is the use of nets by commercial shrimp-fishing boats. When turtles get accidentally caught in the nets, they cannot rise to the surface of the ocean to breathe, and they die. Some people suggest that this problem can be solved through an invention called a turtle excluder device (TED) that is incorporated into the nets. A TED provides a passage through which the turtles can escape. However, TEDs have been criticized for several reasons. First, some shrimpers (shrimp fishers) argue that turtles get trapped only rarely: it is estimated that on average, one shrimp boat accidentally catches about one turtle every month. On the other hand, using TEDs costs the shrimpers some of their catch. Every time the shrimpers cast the nets, a certain percentage of shrimp manage to escape through the turtle passages. The shrimpers complain that the cost of losing shrimp on a daily basis is too high in comparison with the small chance of saving one turtle. Second, there are alternative methods of protecting sea turtles that may be more effective than TEDs. One method that can be used is shortening the time limit that shrimp boats are allowed to keep their nets underwater. When the time limit is reached, the nets have to be pulled up to the surface, allowing any turtles caught in the net to get air and also giving shrimpers the opportunity to release the turtles from the nets. Third, TEDs are not effective for larger species of endangered sea turtles. Some species like loggerhead and leatherback turtles can grow to bequite large and cannot fit through the escape passage that standard TEDs provide. Such turtles cannot escape from the nets even if the nets are equipped with TEDs.托福TPO37综合写作听力原文文本：Many experts believed that turtle excluder devices, also known as TEDs, are a very good way to protect engendered turtles, and that they should be a vital part of the equipment on any shrimp boat. Here are their responses to the criticisms that you just read about. First, it's true that catching a turtle is a rare thing for any one boat; however, there are, for example, thousands of shrimp boats operating off the southern coast of the United States. Collectively these shrimpers accidentally catch thousands of turtles every year. And these are endangered sea turtles whose population is already too small, so harming several thousand every year is a big problem. So when considering the impact of TEDs, don't think in terms of an individual shrimper losing a few shrimp, but rather in terms of how the sea turtle population as a whole is effected by the shrimp industry as a whole.Second, implementing time limits to ensure that turtles are brought up in air in time, that sounds like a good idea, but only in theory. The problem is that the time limits are almost impossible to enforce. There are thousands of shrimp boats far out the sea, and government patrol boats cannot nearly monitor the time limits all these boats use. The use of TEDs is easier to enforce. All that required is checking the shrimp boats before they leave port and making sure their nets have TEDs.Third, it’s true that TEDs can be too small for some very large species of turtle, but in the area where they are needed, it's not a problem to create TEDs that are somewhat larger. The design of TED can be modified easily without affecting the waythat it functions. So once large TEDs begin to be produced, this will no longer be a problem.托福TPO37综合写作满分范文：The passage talks about a solution named Turtle Escape Devices in order to save endangered turtles which are accidentally trapped in shrimper and die without enough air. The writer criticized this kind of method in three aspects. But the speaker reckons that TEDs are still and effective way to protect turtles and rebuts the writer’s ideas. First, the author proposes that it is rare for turtles to be caught by a shrimper. However, the lecturer pointed out that there are thousands of shrimpers wandering on the sea. If one shrimper killed one turtle in one year, there can be thousands of turtles die in a year. In addition, turtles have already been endangered animals and their population is small now. So the accident catch by shrimpers can still cause serious problem on them. Second, the passage says shrimpers can shorten the time to keep the turtle in traps alive. The speaker rebuts that this idea is just in theory, because it will be difficult for the government to supervise all those shrimper ships which are dispersedly located on the vast sea. So the second approach put forward by the writer is proved hard to enforce. Third, the author demonstrates that current TEDs are too small for some large turtle species to escape. The speaker retorts this notion and proposes that it is easy for us to modify the design of TEDs. Larger TEDs can be used in areas where big turtles live. Therefore, the writer’s last idea is proved unconvincing. (250 words)以上是给大家整理的托福TPO37综合写作阅读原文+听力原文+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。

tpo37三篇阅读原文译文题目答案译文背景知识阅读-1 (2)原文 (2)译文 (3)题目 (4)答案 (10)背景知识 (10)阅读-2 (11)原文 (11)译文 (13)题目 (14)答案 (19)背景知识 (19)阅读-3 (20)原文 (21)译文 (22)题目 (23)答案 (29)背景知识 (29)阅读-1原文Thales And The Milesians①While many other observers and thinkers had laid the groundwork for science, Thales(circa624B.C.E-ca547B.C.E.),the best known of the earliest Greek philosophers,made the first steps toward a new,more objective approach to finding out about the world.He posed a very basic question:"What is the world made of?"Many others had asked the same question before him,but Thales based his answer strictly on what he had observed and what he could reason out-not on imaginative stories about the gods or the supernatural.He proposed water as the single substance from which everything in the world was made and developed a model of the universe with Earth as a flat disk floating in water.②Like most of the great Greek philosophers,Thales had an influence on others around him.His two best-known followers,though there were undoubtedly others who attained less renown,were Anaximander and Anaximenes.Both were also from Miletus(located on the southern coast of present-day Turkey)and so,like Thales,were members of the Milesian School.Much more is known about Anaximander than about Anaximenes,probably because Anaximander,who was born sometime around610B.C.E,ambitiously attempted to write a comprehensive history of the universe.As would later happen between another teacher-student pair of philosophers,Plato and Aristotle,Anaximander disagreed with his teacher despite his respect for him.He doubted that the world and all its contents could be made of water and proposed instead a formless and unobservable substance he called"apeiron"that was the source of all matter.③Anaximander's most important contributions,though,were in other areas. Although he did not accept that water was the prime element,he did believe that all life originated in the sea,and he was thus one of the first to conceive of this important idea.Anaximander is credited with drawing up the first world map of the Greeks and also with recognizing that Earth's surface was curved.He believed, though,that the shape of Earth was that of a cylinder rather than the sphere that later Greek philosophers would conjecture.Anaximander,observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar,was probably the first of the Greek philosophers to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth-an idea that,elaborated upon later,would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century.④Unfortunately,most of Anaximander's written history of the universe was lost, and only a few fragments survive today.Little is known about his other ideas. Unfortunately,too,most of the written work for Anaximenes,who may have been Anaximander's pupil,has also been lost.All we can say for certain about Anaximenes,who was probably born around560BCE,is that following in the tradition of Anaximander,he also disagreed with his mentor.The world,according to Anaximenes,was not composed of either water or apeiron,but air itself was the fundamental element of the pressed,it became water and earth, and when rarefied or thinned out,it heated up to become fire.Anaximenes may have also been the first to study rainbows and speculate upon their natural rather than supernatural cause.⑤With the door opened by Thales and the other early philosophers of Milestus, Greek thinkers began to speculate about the nature of the universe.This exciting burst of intellectual activity was for the most part purely creative.The Greeks,from Thales to Plato and Aristotle,were philosophers and not scientists in today's sense. It is possible for anyone to create"ideas"about the nature and structure of the universe,for instance,and many times these ideas can be so consistent and elaborately structured,or just so apparently obvious,that they can be persuasive to many people.A scientific theory about the universe,however,demands much more than the various observations and analogies that were woven together to form systems of reasoning,carefully constructed as they were,that would eventually culminate in Aristotle's model of the world and the universe.Without experimentation and objective,critical testing of their theories,the best these thinkers could hope to achieve was some internally consistent speculation that covered all the bases and satisfied the demands of reason.译文泰勒斯和米利西亚人①当许多其他观察家和思想家为科学奠定基础时，泰勒斯（约公元前624年-约公元前547年），最著名的古希腊哲学家，迈出了探索世界的更客观的新方法的第一步。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37阅读Passage1原文文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

Thales And The Milesians While many other observers and thinkers had laid the groundwork for science,Thales(circa 624 B.C.E-ca 547 B.C.E.),the best known of the earliest Greek philosophers,made the first steps toward a new,more objective approach to finding out about the world.He posed a very basic question:"What is the world made of?"Many others had asked the same question before him,but Thales based his answer strictly on what he had observed and what he could reason out-not on imaginative stories about the gods or the supernatural.He proposed water as the single substance from which everything in the world was made and developed a model of the universe with Earth as a flat disk floating in water. Like most of the great Greek philosophers,Thales had an influence on others around him.His two best-known followers,though there were undoubtedly others who attained less renown,were Anaximander and Anaximenes.Both were also from Miletus(located on the southern coast of present-day Turkey)and so,like Thales,were members of the Milesian School.Much more is known about Anaximander than about Anaximenes,probably because Anaximander,who was born sometime around 610 B.C.E,ambitiously attempted to write a comprehensive history of the universe.As would later happen between another teacher-student pair of philosophers,Plato and Aristotle,Anaximander disagreed with his teacher despite his respect for him.He doubted that the world and all its contents could be made of water and proposed instead a formless and unobservable substance he called"apeiron"that was the source of all matter. Anaximander's most important contributions,though,were in other areas.Although he did not accept that water was the prime element,he did believe that all life originated in the sea,and he was thus one of the first to conceive of this important idea.Anaximander is credited with drawing up the first world map of the Greeks and also with recognizing that Earth's surface was curved.He believed,though,that the shape of Earth was that of a cylinder rather than the sphere that later Greek philosophers would conjecture.Anaximander,observing the motions of the heavens around the polestar,was probably the first of the Greek philosophers to picture the sky as sphere completely surrounding Earth-an idea that,elaborated upon later,would prevail until the advent of the Scientific Revolution in the seventeenth century. Unfortunately,most of Anaximander's written history of the universe was lost,and only a few fragments survive today.Little is known about his other ideas.Unfortunately,too,most of the written work for Anaximenes,who may have been Anaximander's pupil,has also been lost.All we can say for certain about Anaximenes,who was probably born around 560 BCE,is that following in the tradition of Anaximander,he also disagreed with his mentor.The world,according toAnaximenes,was not composed of either water or apeiron,but air itself was the fundamental element of the pressed,it became water and earth,and when rarefied or thinned out,it heated up to become fire.Anaximenes may have also been the first to study rainbows and speculate upon their natural rather than supernatural cause. With the door opened by Thales and the other early philosophers of Milestus,Greek thinkers began to speculate about the nature of the universe.This exciting burst of intellectual activity was for the most part purely creative.The Greeks,from Thales to Plato and Aristotle,were philosophers and not scientists in today's sense.It is possible for anyone to create"ideas"about the nature and structure of the universe,for instance,and many times these ideas can be so consistent and elaborately structured,or just so apparently obvious,that they can be persuasive to many people.A scientific theory about the universe,however,demands much more than the various observations and analogies that were woven together to form systems of reasoning,carefully constructed as they were,that would eventually culminate in Aristotle's model of the world and the universe.Without experimentation and objective,critical testing of their theories,the best these thinkers could hope to achieve was some internally consistent speculation that covered all the bases and satisfied the demands of reason. 1.Why does the author discuss the question"What is the world made of?"posed by Thales? A.To help explain how Thales differed from earlier Greek thinkers. B.To trace the origin of the question through ancient history. C.To emphasize that the answer to the question proposed by Thales was the first correct solution. D.To suggest why the question remained unanswered for so long. Paragraph 1 is marked with? 答案： A选项正确 解析： 本题根据题干What is the world made of?定位到第一段这一句：He posed a very basic question:"What is the world made of?"Many others had asked the same question before him,but Thales based his answer strictly on what he had observed and what he could。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37听力Conversation2文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO37听力Conversation2文本 Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and a university theater manager. Student: I'm sorry if my email wasn't clear. It's probably best that we are meeting now. I have a lot of questions. Manager: So do I. But first let me say that I’m so glad that this tradition is continuing. I guess for the last twenty years now, every senior classes put on a Shakespeare Play. Student: It won't be anything like the drama department's productions in the main theater, but we are really excited. We are doing "As You Like It" this year. Manager: Great! Let's start with the timing. You want the production to run on two consecutive nights, Thursday and Friday? Student: Right. The end of April will be best. Maybe the last Thursday and Friday? We are flexible with the dates. Manager: The only bookings at the small theater are some recitals in the beginning of the month, so I’ll make sure to get it on the calendar. But your other questions...let's see. You want to use fire on stage? Student: Well, our idea is to reproduce the conditions of an Elizabethan playhouse, make it as authentic as possible. And of course, they didn't have electric lights 500 years ago. So we thought if we had candles, a lot of candles actually... Manager: To light the stage? Student: Yeah. Manager: Okay. Um...you'd need a special permit. You could get one from the city council. But for one thing, it's difficult and time-consuming to get permission and expensive. And it's not just a permit, you’ll have to pay for an inspection and to have a fire marshal present at the shows. Student: That does sound expensive. If we had a budget like the drama department...but it looks like we'll have to scale back a bit. Manager: Are you charging admission? Student: There will be a small admission fee. In Shakespeare's time, if you paid a little more, you got a more comfortable seat. I don't see how we could do that though.I mean, all the seats are the same, right? Manager: Right. I guess you could charge more for the seats upfront, but it's a small theater. Student: And there isn't much difference between the front and the back. Manager: Anyway, for lighting, you could buy those electric lanterns that are made to look as if they had a natural flame. Student: If that's the best we can do, not exactly authentic, though. Manager: But safer and less expensive. And about the food... Student: Selling food was also done in Shakespeare's time. It's related to the candles actually. When the candles burn down, they stops the play so they can bring out new ones, and that's when they sold snacks. That's how the custom of having an intermission started. Manager: I always thought intermissions began as a way to change the scenery. Student: Oh, speaking of scenery...do you have the exact dimensions of the stage? Manager: Sure. 托福TPO37听力Conversation2题目 1.Why does the student visit the man? A. To find out how to apply for a special permit. B. To inform him that the senior class will be performing a Shakespeare play. C. To discuss details of a planned theater production. D. To ask questions about the authenticity of a Shakespeare performance. 2.What does the student imply about the drama department's productions? A. The drama department typically performs more traditional types of plays than。

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Conversation 11.Why does the student go to see the professorA To request extra time to complete an assignmentB To explain why she will miss the next classC To clarify the requirements of a class assignmentD To discuss the results of a lab experiment2.What does the professor imply about the student's extended field tripA He would like to know more about the fieldwork the student did.B He was unaware of the problems the student had on the trip.C He knew that there would be problems on the trip.D He has been in similar situations himself.3.What fact from the radio interview with an ecologist surprised thestudentA Global warming may be less harmful to biodiversity than oil palmcultivation.B Global warming may have benefited some species of butterflies.C Oil palm cultivation has contributed greatly to global warming.D Oil palm tree populations have suffered as a result of globalwarming.4.What advantages of the oil palm do the speakers mentionClick on 3 answers.A It resists damage from imported insects.B It is an easy crop to grow.C It creates a habitat for rare animal species.D It is used in a wide range of products.E It has a positive impact on communities where it is grown.5.Why does the professor tell the student about the importation of cane toads to AustraliaA To remind the student of a topic she studied last semesterB To provide an example of a concept he is describingC To explain the purpose of the lab assignment the student will work onD To amuse the student with an anecdote from his own student daysLecture16.Why does the professor compare isotopes to fingerprintsA To provide support for an argumentB To clarify a difficult conceptC To identify a problem with the research studyD To suggest a way to test a theory7.What point does the professor emphasize about the region examined in the study he describesA Its steep mountainous position exaggerates the effects of water flow there.B Its dry climate limits how much information it can yield about water movement.C Its rainfall patterns and soil conditions are not typical of conditions。

为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO37口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。

托福TPO37口语Task4阅读文本： Communal Nutrition Some kinds of social insects live in large groups or colonies in which different members of the colony have different tasks to keep the colony running smoothly. Some members of the colony are responsible for providing appropriate food for the entire colony. These insects typically practice communal nutrition. They gather different kinds of food and bring it to the nest to be shared by all members of the colony. They instinctively adjust and regulate the food they provide to meet the particular nutritional needs of the different members of the colony at any given time. 托福TPO37口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a biology class. Ok, so here's a good example of this among ants. Ants live together in these large nests and certain ants, the forager ants, have a particular job to do. They go out each day to look for food items; leaves, seeds, fruit, things like that and then these ants bring them back to the nest, so all the other ants can eat them. Now, the forager ants don't just bring back whatever they may happen to find. They bring back different kinds of food. For example, adult ants normally like to eat things that are rich in sugar because they need energy to carry on other activities in the nest, so at a time when the colony is composed mostly of adult ants, the forager ants look for pieces of fruit and other sugar - rich items. They bring these back to the nest for the adult ants to eat to get the energy they need, but there is a time of the year when baby ants are born. Now, the baby ants need a different kind of food. They need food that will help them grow into adults, so their food needs to be rich in protein. So now the forager ants do something different. They start to gather more food items that are rich in protein, like certain types of leaves or mushrooms. This way the young ants get the protein they need to help them grow. 托福TPO37口语Task4题目： Using the example of ants, explain the concept of communal nutrition. 托福TPO37口语Task4满分范文： The passage talks about a notion called communal nutrition. This means some kind of social insects living in large groups will have different members to do different tasks in order to make the whole group function well. The man in the lecture raisesants as an example. He mentions that ants live in big nests and there is a certain kind of ants responsible for finding food. When there is the season when adult ants occupy the largest part in their group, these food-finding ants will mostly bring back food that contains lots of sugar. Because adult ants need sugar most. But when there are many baby ants, these food-finding ants will bring back more protein-contained food such as leaves and mushrooms. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO37口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。