汇率的单词单词：exchange rate定义与释义1.1 词性：名词1.2 释义：一种货币兑换另一种货币的比率。
1.3 英文解释：The value of one currency in terms of another currency.1.4 相关词汇：同义词：rate of exchange派生词：exchangeable（形容词，可交换的），exchanger（名词，交换器；交易所）起源与背景2.1 词源：“exchange”源自中世纪英语，最初来自古法语的“eschangier”，意为“交换”；“rate”来自古法语的“rat”，有“计算、评估”等意思，二者组合成“exchange rate”表示货币间交换的比率。
2.2 趣闻：在古代，不同地区之间的贸易往来就已经存在货币交换的情况，但当时并没有像现在这样精确规范的汇率概念。
比如在丝绸之路贸易中，商人可能只是根据双方对不同货物的需求以及各自货币的大概价值来进行粗略的交换换算，随着经济发展和国际金融体系的逐步完善，才有了如今严格界定和时刻变动的汇率体系。
常用搭配与短语3.1 短语：exchange rate fluctuation：汇率波动例句：The exchange rate fluctuation has a great impact on our export business.翻译：汇率波动对我们的出口业务有很大影响。
fixed exchange rate：固定汇率例句：Some countries used to adopt a fixed exchange rate system.翻译：一些国家过去曾采用固定汇率制度。
floating exchange rate：浮动汇率例句：The floating exchange rate allows the currency value to change according to the market conditions.翻译：浮动汇率允许货币价值根据市场状况发生变化。
编号200805142008051426 南京航空航天大学金城学院毕业论文题目人民币汇率的决定与影响学生姓名陈敏学号2008051426系部经济系专业国际经济与贸易班级20080514指导教师姓名许春二〇一二年五月南京航空航天大学金城学院本科毕业设计（论文）诚信承诺书本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业设计（论文）（题目：人民币汇率的决定与影响）是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的成果。
尽本人所知，除了毕业设计（论文）中特别加以标注引用的内容外，本毕业设计（论文）不包含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。
作者签名：年月日（学号）：1 / 30人民币汇率的决定与影响摘要该文旨在探讨人民币汇率的决定及影响因素.全文共分三个部分：第一部分是对于人民币汇率决定理论的研究;第二部分是对影响人民币汇率的长期因素的分析;第三部分分析现行人民币汇率制度第一部分对购买力平价理论、利率平价理论、国际收支理论、资产市场法的分析。
这一部分重点是对于购买力平价理论及其在我国的适用性的分析。
第二部分分析了决定我国人民币汇率长期走势的三大主要因素：长期的物价总水平变动、实际汇率的变动与美元汇率的长期走势。
前两个因素的决定性作用是我国的GDP增长。
美元长期走势则取决于美国经济的可持续发展。
从近期看，我国经济呈现稳步发展，同期美国经济并未出现新一轮的高速发展，人民币长期汇率具有升值的压力第三部分现行的汇率制度下，人民币汇率制度的优缺点以及对进出口贸易与经济增长方式的影响关键词：人民币，购买力平价，汇率制度The influences of RMB exchange rateAbstractThis paper aims to explore the RMB exchange rate decision and influence factors. The thesis consists of three parts: the first part is about RMB exchange rate determination theory research; the second part is on the impact of RMB exchange rate in the long term factors analysis; third part of the analysis of current RMB exchange rate system.The first part of the application of the theory of purchasing power parity, the interest rate parity theory, theory of balance of payments, asset market analysis.This part focuses on the purchasing power parity theory and its applicability in China analysis.The second part analyzes the decision of China's RMB exchange rate trend of the three main factors: the long-term price total level changes, the change of real exchange rate and exchange rate of US dollar long-term trend. The first two factors decisive action is China's GDP growth. Dollar long-term trend depends on the United States economy sustainable development. Look from the near future, our country economy presents the steady development period, the United States economy did not occur in a new round of high speed develops, the RMB exchange rate appreciation pressureThe third part of the current exchange rate system of RMB exchange rate system, the advantages and disadvantages of the import and export trade and the mode of economic growth.Key Words：RMB;purchasing power parity; exchange rate system1 / 30目录摘要.................................................................. (ⅰ)Abstract.............................................................. .. (ⅱ)第一章引言 (4)1.1 选题背景及研究意义 (4)1.2 文献综述 (5)第二章人民币汇率决定理论 (8)2.1 购买力平价理论介绍 (8)2.2 其他主要汇率理论简介 (10)2.3 购买力平价理论在中国适用性分析 (11)第三章人民币长期汇率决定因素分析 (14)3.1 物价总水平对人民币汇率的影响 (14)3.2 人民币实际汇率的影响因素 (16)3.3 美元汇率变动对人民币汇率的影响 (18)第四章对现行人民币制度的分析 (21)4.1 现行人民币汇率制度的经济影响 (21)4.2 现行人民币汇率制的优缺点 (24)参考文献.................................................................. ..27致谢.................................................................. (28)第一章引言1.1选题背景及研究意义2011年，人民币继续保持渐进可控的原则，对美元汇率在震荡中缓缓升值。
浅谈人民币汇率制度改革内容摘要：2005年7月5日进行的人民币汇率制度改革，已实施了近10年，给中国的经济以及人民的生活的各个方面带来了不小的影响。
综合分析来看，人民币汇率制度的改革利大于弊。
结合这些年的数据来看，我们国家的人民币汇率改革政策已在国际上产生了深远的影响。
关键词：汇改升值人民币汇率弹性汇率机制贸易逆差AbstractThe reform ofRMB exchange rate system in July 5, 2005, has been implemented for nearly 10 years, brought nosmallimpact to Chinese economy and the various aspects of the life of the people. After analyzingofthe RMB exchange rate system reform,we found that the advantages of it are far more than the disadvantages ofit. Combining of the data of these years, our country's reform of the RMB exchange rate policy has exerted a far-reaching influence in the international.KeywordsRMB ExchangeRate RegimeAppreciationThe flexibility of the RMB exchange rate trade deficit一、人民币汇率改革的演变过程汇率制度的重要改革是从党的十一届三中全会以后开始的。
1978-1985年基本上是实行双重汇率制度；1985-1994年是复归单一汇率制度，但实际上是新的双重汇率；1994-2005年，汇率制度为盯住单一货币美元，非正式地与美元挂钩，汇率只能在1美元兑8.27至8.28元人民币这非常窄的范围内浮动；2005年7月21日以后，汇率制度为以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、实行有管理的浮动汇率制度。
外文资料译文论文题目人民币汇率升值对我国外贸的影响分析专业国际经济与贸易班级姓名学号指导教师职称2012 年 1 月 3 日The impact of RMB exchange rate appreciation to our economy and the foreign tradeThis paper analyzes the causes of RMB exchange rate appreciation, expounds the beneficial effects, adverse effects on our coun-try's economic and foreign trade, and puts for-ward the countermeasures to the effects.Present situation of Chinese foreign trade surplus continues to expand, which is caused by a variety of reasons. The appreciation of RMB exchange rate on China's economy, foreign trade import and export volume and structure have a series of effects, only to take positive and effective measures to make the economy of our country and export enterprises to obtain the sustainable and stable development.1. reasons for the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate1.1 Chinese and foreign interest rate differenceInterest rate policy is an important tool of monetary policy. The rate of relative height will affect the capital flow direction is one of the important ways, high interest rates will stimulate the international capital inflow, and reduce its outflow of funds. Thus affecting the scale of international trade, make the difference of interest rate on exchange rate influence the trend of continuous improvement.1.2 Money supply situationRMB exchange rate and China's money supply substantiallypositive correlation, due to the deepening of reform and opening up, foreign investors can not only make use of cheap Chinese labour, more optimistic about China's huge domestic market. Therefore, foreign investment increased substantially. Due to tightening of monetary policy, the RMB fund is quite nervous, the entry of foreign capital and foreign exchange, so appeared apparent oversupply, resulting in the trend of Renminbi rmb.1.3 International balance of payments and foreign exchange reserveThe formation of foreign exchange market and the international trade and investment is not divided, international balance of payment is a country's foreign economic activities of the various payment sum. Under floating exchange rates, the market supply and demand to determine the exchange rate changes, therefore international payments deficit will lead to the devaluation of the currency, the foreign currency appreciation, namely the exchange rate rise. Conversely, international payments surplus caused a decline in foreign exchange rates.1.4 Economic growthA country's economic take-off stage, due to the low level of productivity, economic development performance for the extensive mode of operation, and thus their own currency exchange rate decreased, i.e.. A country's economy is relatively mature stage, consumer demand as income and growth, but the growth that consumes demand to catch the output supply growth, so in the period of rapid economic growth, supply relative consumption demand, so asto have a downward pressure on prices.2. The exchange rate of RMB appreciation on China's economy and foreign trade favourable effects2.1 Be helpful for Chinese enterprises to "go out"The appreciation of the renminbi means that Chinese enterprises to invest abroad cost relatively drops than before, which makes them to lower the cost of the establishment of multinational companies. So it is beneficial to the Chinese enterprises to "go out", to create a truly international competitiveness of Chinese transnational corporation. 2.2 Will help improve trade conditionsThe appreciation of the renminbi, export prices higher, you can use less export products in return for their own needs a variety of products. Export profit increases ceaselessly, can improve our terms of trade.2.3 Conducive to reduce external debt debt service pressureThe rise in the renminbi exchange rate, outstanding debt servicing required the amount of local currency is correspondingly reduced, to a certain extent so as to reduce the burden of external debt.2.4 Conducive to promoting the transformation of foreign trade growth modeThe appreciation of the renminbi has contributed to China's foreign trade growth mode from extensive original shift quality and cost-effective intensive, this will bring the improvement of export structure, encourage technological innovation, sustainable development.2.5 Conducive to lower import costsAfter revaluation, the price of imported goods will have the same magnitude of decline, reducing our cost of imports and import fees paid. The appreciation of the renminbi will make large transaction costs of imports, so as to improve the profit situation of related industries, to economy construction is very favorable.2.6 Be helpful for improving the environment of attracting foreign investmentThe appreciation of the RMB exchange rate, can make have foreign-funded enterprises in China increased profits, so as to enhance the confidence of investors, to further increase investment or investment; the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate will attract a lot of foreign capital into China 's capital market, indirect investment proportion will be increased further.3. The exchange rate of RMB appreciation on China's economy and foreign trade adverse effects3.1 The influence of Chinese enterprise and many integrated competition ability of the industryThe appreciation of the renminbi will lead to certain technical content and added value is low, poor management, high cost and low efficiency of export enterprises lose in the price in the international market competitive advantage, eventually had to be eliminated.3.2 Increasing employment pressureRMB appreciation will restrain or hit exports, will ultimatelyaffect the employment. In the current China's employment situation is extremely grim situation, the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate will be worse employment situation.3.3 The agriculture of our country will face greater challengesThe appreciation of the renminbi will block trade of China's agricultural products export growth, import will increase apparently, production of our country agriculture will cause impact, influence farmer to add close. Import and export trade of agricultural products could be reversed, with surplus to deficit.3.4 The impact of the financial market stabilityChina financial market development lags behind relatively, the appreciation of the renminbi will be a large number of short-term capital flows into the capital market through various channels, the profit-seeking behavior, easily lead to monetary and financial crisis, the Chinese economy will be sustained and healthy development causes adverse effect.3.5 Weaken China's export growthThe appreciation of the renminbi, China's manufacturing industry in the global competition will gradually disappear, easy manufacturing overseas. The value of the renminbi, export enterprises to maintain a certain profit, the export unit of foreign currency prices will increase, not conducive to exports continued to expand and in the international market share increase.3.6 Export growth is restricted to the export enterprises, bring a lossThe appreciation of the renminbi, if China's export commoditiesdenominated in foreign currency prices unchanged, requires the export commodities denominated in Renminbi price decline, in this way, China's exports will not be affected, but our country enterprise 's profit fell by.3.7 Not conducive to attracting foreign investment in ChinaThe appreciation of the renminbi to processing trade of foreign enterprises export cost increase, so that the processing trade of the foreign investment decline. This will affect foreign investment enterprises,Profit to investment scale and industry localization process, is not conducive to China 's processing trade industry sustainable development, upgrade.4. In view of the appreciation of the RMB exchange rate on China's economy and foreign trade 's influence, proposed countermeasures 4.1 Develop an international market energetically?In order to future export trade, long-term development? In addition to continue to consolidate and further develop the traditional American, Japanese, European market?, enterprises should also actively looking for and open up new target markets, such as Africa, ASEAN and other potential huge market, promote the diversification of the market, enterprises to expand exports, to the export enterprises to bring new profit source.4.2 To alleviate the pressure of RMB appreciationWe can adjust the foreign trade structure to reduce the reliance onthe American market. In view of capital inflow pressures, continue to encourage the inflow of foreign capital in the. According to the rapid growth of foreign exchange reserves has brought the pressure, we can take measures to appropriate control of its growth rate, as the gradual adjustment of the RMB exchange rate level and lay the foundation for.4.3 Improve product quality, create their own brandIn order to improve the export products in the international market competition, China's export enterprises to deal with the RMB appreciation is another key measures to realize the upgrading of products, to build their own brands, from to the price advantage competition to quality and brand and price advantage to participate in international competition.4.4 Change the mode of growth of export tradeThe new technology, new energy, new materials and other high-tech penetration into traditional industries to them, so that our export products by labor concentrated model, resource intensive to high technology content, the degree of processing depth, high value-added new products. And to the development of high-tech industry.4.5 Timely adjustment of exchange rate and exchange rate systemWe should realize the adjustment of the RMB exchange rate policy, successfully, for the future of the stability of macro economy, trade and Industry Department trade departments the balance between development and sustainable economic growth in China have a profound and positive significance. And this, to be on the governmentto take decisive measures, eliminate the appreciation expectation.4.6 Reduce production and transaction costThe export enterprises may through strengthen management, straighten out the internal process, reduce the management cost; using the appreciation of the renminbi, increase the import raw materials from abroad, to reduce the material cost; direct contact with foreign or make full use of the Internet to the development of electronic commerce, export less intermediate links, improving the trading efficiency, reduce transaction costs.Authors: Aaron Johnson, 《The impact of RMB exchange rate appreciation to our economy and the foreign trade》2009.08浅谈人民币汇率升值对我国经济及外贸的影响本文分析了人民币汇率升值的原因，阐述了人民币汇率升值对我国经济及外贸的有利影响、不利影响，并针对人民币汇率升值对我国经济及外贸的影响，提出了对策。
