Unit 6 重点词汇梳理-2020-2021学年高一英语下学期期末专项复习(北师大版2019)

2020-2021学年高一英语人教版（2019）必修第二册词汇复习宝典Unit 3 The Internet一、词汇解析1. chat vi.聊天；闲聊chat with…about… 与……聊有关……chat sb. up 跟某人搭讪2. stream vt.流播（不用下载直接在互联网上播放音视频）；流出vi.流动n.小河；溪流stream down… 顺着……往下流a stream of words 滔滔不绝的话stream with… 流出……3. identity n.身份；个性identity card 身份证identity between A and B A和B之间的同一性4. convenient adj.方便的；近便的be convenient to do sth 做某事很方便或合适be convenient for/to 对……方便的It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 做某事很方便convenience n.方便；便利at one's convenience 在某人方便时5. update vt.更新；向……提供最新信息n.更新；最新消息update sb on sth 向某人提供/报告关于某事的最新信息an update on sth 关于……的最新消息6. stuck adj.卡住；陷（入）；困（于）get/be stuck in/into陷入……be stuck with... 被……缠住了；无法摆脱……7. keep sb. company 陪伴某人in company with sb. = in sb’s companyfor company 陪伴8. surf vt. & vi. 浏览；冲浪go surfing 去冲浪，进行冲浪运动surf the Internet 上网surfer n. 冲浪者9. benefit n.益处vt.使受益vi.得益于beneficial adj.有益的，有利的be a great benefit to 对……很有益处benefit from/ by 从……受益for the benefit of 为了……利益be beneficial to对……有好处10. distance n.距离distant adj.遥远的；冷漠的at a distance 离一段距离in the distance 在远处；在远方keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡；同某人疏远11. inspire vt.鼓舞；激励；启发思考inspired adj.受鼓舞的inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的inspiration n.鼓舞；灵感inspire sb. to do sth. 激励某人做某事be inspired by 受到……的启发inspire sb. with... 鼓舞某人的；使某人产生an inspiration to sb. 对某人是一种鼓舞12. access n.通道；（使用、查阅、接近或面见的）机会vt.进入；使用；获取accessible adj.可接近的；可利用的inaccessible adj.难到达的；难接近的have /get access to 有权利用/使用/见到gain access to 进入be accessible to... 容易接近的；容易进入的13. go through 经历；度过；通读go up 被兴建；上涨go over 仔细检查/复习；走到另一边go against 违背；与……不符；对……不利go in for 参加考试；爱好go by （时间）过去；遵循go on to do sth. (完成某事后）继续做另一件事go on doing sth. 继续做一直做的事情14. function n.功能；作用；机能vi.起作用；正常工作；运转function as… 起……作用；充当15. confirm vt.确认；使确信it's confirmed that... 据证实……confirm that... 确信confirm sb. in sth. 使某人确信某事16. press vt. 按，压；敦促press. . .against. . . 把……压在……上press sb.to do sth. 催促某人做某事press sth. into sth. 把某物塞入某物中press on 坚定地继续pressure n. 压力；强迫put pressure on sb.to do sth. 迫使某人做某事under pressure 承受着压力；(液体或气体）受压力air pressure 空气的压力17. in shape 状况良好in good/bad shape (身体）状况好/不好out of shape 变形的；身体不好in the shape of. . . 呈······的形状get (yourself) into shape 强身健体get/ knock sb. into shape把某人培养成材take shape 成形shape. . .into. . . 使……成为……形状；把……塑造成……shape up进展；改善18. keep track of掌握……的最新消息；了解……的动态lose track of失去；跟不上be on the track of 追踪；寻找track down 追捕；找到19. discount n.折扣vt.打折have a discount on 在……上有折扣at a 20% discount 打八折get a 5% discount 得到5%的折扣20. account n.账户；描述；理由vi.解释；是……的原因open/close an account 开立／结清账户on account 挂账；赊账on account of因为on no account决不（置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装）take sth. into account 把某事考虑在内take account of 考虑到；顾及account for 是······的原因；解释；（数量上、比例上）占21. target n.目标；对象；靶子vt.把……作为攻击目标a target for… ……的目标be targeted at 针对22. particular adj.特定的；特别的；讲究的in particular 尤其；特别；格外be particular about/over 对……挑剔/讲究23. upset adj.心烦的；苦恼的；沮丧的vt. (upset, upset）使烦恼；使生气；搅乱be upset about/at/by sth. 为某事苦恼/沮丧It upset sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人感到心烦意乱24. familiar adj.熟悉；熟知be familiar with（某人）对……熟悉be familiar to sb. 为某人所熟知25. case n.盒；箱；情况；案例in that/ this case 在那种/这种情况下；既然那样in case 以防万一in case of发生……时；万一……in any case无论如何，不管怎样二、习题训练1.Therefore, we cannot _______(确定) that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat.2.I'm going to buy a surfboard and learn to ________(冲浪).3.In your new job you will perform a variety of _______(功能;职能).4.Europe’s (软件）companies still have a growing home market.5.Trying to pick them up, she slipped down the bank into the (溪流).6.I often do absent-minded things, _______ when I'm upset. (particular)7.It is not easy for me to get _______ shape even if I go on diets.8.I don't think that the name is familiar _______ you.9.The prices are being _______ as much as 50%. Do you think that the _______ is believable? (discount)10.The _______ situation made all of us feel _______. Nothing could have avoided the _______. (embarrass)11.The advertisement _______ a mass audience, but it failed to achieve the _______ of more than 20,000 persons. (target)12.I'm still _______ with him. His frequent visits have been _______ me recently. (upset)13.用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下面的句子1.Mr Wang is very ill. Who will _______ his teaching?2.He checked to see if all the lights had been _______.3.When he returned from work, he found his flat _______ as if someone was looking for something secret.4.He is not a person easy _______, so you should be cautious.5.Pollution here has become very serious, so we should _______ to prevent it from going on.6.To _______ your strength, you need to work out constantly in the gym.7.You will have to get all these facts _______. Don't forget any details of them.8.I wonder what he _______ in the past two years. He has changed a lot.9.Is there anyone else _______ voluntary work?10.Nobody likes _______ in public, which, of course, is very embarrassing.11.With nobody _______, I felt that life was boring to me.12.All the exercise books _______, and the students can do their exercises now.14. The computer plays 1._______ important part in our everyday life. It is one of the great 2._______(invent) in the world in the 3._______(twenty) century. It works for us not only at home, in the offices, in big shops, but also at schools. Today it is used in many ways. It really brings the world large wealth and 4._______(convenient).The first computer in the world 5._______(call) ENIAC. It was built in America in 1946. It was large and heavy. 6._______ it was born, it has been developing very fast. Until now it has gone 7._______ four periods and changed a lot. There're many kinds of computers. Computers are getting smaller and smaller and computing faster and faster. It becomes more and more 8._______(help).The computer can do most of the things 9._______ people. It can help us to know about the real world more quickly, to learn 10._______ we want to learn and to think for ourselves. As a student in the twenty-first century, you must work hard at it.参考答案1【答案】confirm2【答案】surf3【答案】functions4【答案】software5【答案】stream6【答案】particularly7【答案】in8【答案】to9【答案】discounted, discount10【答案】embarrassing, embarrassed, embarrassment11【答案】targeted, target12【答案】upset, upsetting13【答案】1. take over 2. turned off 3. turned upside down 4. to deal with 5. take steps 6. build up 7. kept in mind 8. has gone through 9. applying for 10. to be made fun of 11. keeping me company 12. have been given out14【答案】1.an 2.inventions 3.twentieth 4.convenience 5.was called 6.Since 7.through 8.helpful 9.for 10.what解析：1.play a... part in为固定搭配，意为“在......中起……作用”，形容词important以元音因素开头，故用不定冠词an。

To get a thorough understanding of oneself is to get a full control of one's life. Then one will find one's life full of color and flavor.彻悟了自己，你才能把握自己的生命，你的生活才会丰富多彩、有滋有味!语法填空语法填空考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种,比例大多维持在7∶3。

①给出提示词的包括:词性的转换(名词与动词的转换、形容词与副词的转换等);形容词比较级与最高级的变化;名词单复数的变化;动词的时态和语态及非谓语动词等。

②不给出提示词的包括:根据上下文语境填入介词、连词、冠词以及代词(it)等。

3.挖空一般比较均匀,所挖的空不会影响学生对短文的整体理解。

4.对形容词、副词,非谓语动词及并列句、复合句的考查已成为语篇型填空的热点。

5.在未来高考语篇型填空中,对动词(谓语动词、非谓语动词)、形容词、副词、名词的考查仍会是考试热点;对介词、动词短语、复合句的考查仍会是考试的难点。

例1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While①they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 61they range② all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as③ much of the range has been 62(poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000—25,000 polar bears worldwide. Modern methods 63tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 64(perform) consistently④ over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to⑤ a 66(believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67(note) that hungry bears may be congregating around human settlements, leading to the illusion that populations are 68(high) than they actually are. Of 69nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six70(be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.首段介绍了北极熊的分布及数量。

2020-2021学年山东省潍坊市高一（下）期末英语试卷一、选词填空-句子（本大题共5小题，共5.0分）1.The English have a p ______ （酷爱）for gardens.2.On October 4，1957，the Sputnik 1 satellite was l ______ （发射）by the USSR.3. A red sky at night often i ______ （表明）fine weather the next day.4.It's hard to make a ______ （精确的）predictions about the effects on the environment.5.I have to admit that it d ______ （肯定）feels good to be back in the city again.二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AThe thrill of space exploration is an exciting context for teaching the primary curriculum.On this course,you'll learn how to use examples from space exploration to teach science and technology in school,and discover hands-on activities for your pupils aged 5-11 to enjoy. Who developed the course？Hie National STEM Learning Centre provides world-class professional development activities and resources to support the teaching of STEM （science,technology,engineering and mathematics）subjects.What will you achieve？By the end of the course,you'll be able to...● Investigate opportunities to link space exploration with your lessons.● Develop lesson plans that involve working scientifically,using space as a context.● Explain using models and scientific concepts involved in space exploration.Who will you learn with？Tom LyonsESERO-UK Teacher Fellow,working for STEM loaming,ing the context of space to inspire STEM teaching and learning.Teacher of physics,satellite engineer,father of two. Rachel JacksonI spent 10 years working as a primary classroom teacher,7 as a science subject leader.I've also supported schools as a leading science teacher before joining STEM learning as a primary specialist.6.Who are the target readers of the text？______A. Would-be space scientists.B. Students in primary schools.C. Primary science teachers.D. Parents with kids in schools.7.How long will the course take？______A. One week.B. Three weeks.C. One month.D. Half a year.8.What can we know about the teaching staff？______A. They are satellite engineers.B. They are primary school teachers.C. They are leaders of the learning centre.D. They are experienced in STEM teaching.BMy first job out of college laid me off after just a few years.It was part of a cruel recombination and lots of my co-workers also lost their jobs.Part of our severance package（解雇补偿金）was a career consulting service but I didn't want anything to do with it.I was depressed,and blamed myself for not being good enough.I was convinced I was a terrible worker and no company would ever want to hire me again.About a month after the layoff,I was suffering greatly when a career coach from the consultingcompany called and told me to just come in and talk to him.When I said I thought it was a waste of time,he told me to trust him and just try it.Plus it was already paid for,so what did I have to lose？I went in and met with him.Not only did he totally revise my resume but he gave me a ton of good advice.He helped me see how unhappy I'd been in my previous position and that I really wanted to focus on a different area in my field.I ended up going to graduate school on his advice to get an advanced degree in a more specialised area.My new resume also got me a lot of interviews and within a couple of months I was in a graduate program for professionals and working at an amazing job.It's been nearly 10 years and now I dare say that trusting that career coach was the best choice that I've ever made.9.How did the author feel about his job prospects after being laid off？______A. Optimistic.B. Hopeless.C. Unconcerned.D. Doubtful.10.Why did the author decide to meet with the coach？______A. Jobs were hard to find.B. He had nothing to lose.C. He suffered depression.D. It was a must for a new job.11.How did the career coach help the author？______A. By offering him a new job.B. By giving him an advanced degree.C. By providing him with a job interview.D. By helping with his resume and career planning.12.What did the author learn from the experience？______A. Trust has power.B. Hard work counts.C. Practice makes perfect.D. Success comes with patience.CSearches on Google,finding friends through Facebook and being able to buy simply anything on Amazon have all been made possible thanks to major leaps forward in technology over the past 15 years.However,that conies at a price.As our lives are gradually automated,many people are losing their jobs.And advancing technology has not delivered jobs as it should.At the end of 2015 a total of 74，505 employees were working for Google's Alphabet and Facebook,accounting for less than a third of Microsoft's total staff.However,the combined stock-market value of these companies was twice as big as Microsoft's.Newcomer tech giants in the market are in need ofeven fewer workers.In 2016，semiconductor manufacturers slashed their number of workers by half to just 359，000.Despite major concerns about the future of jobs and the economy in general,140 years of data has shown technology as a whole has actually brought to life more jobs than it hasended.Technology has been described as a "great job-creating machine".For instance,while roles in the agriculture,washers,and examples of repetitive services,have decreased,there has been a rise in caring posts,such as teaching,educational support assistants；welfare,housing,youth and community workers；and care workers and home caring.The aging battle between man and machine will continue as it has for centuries.The question is "Are machines taking over our jobs,or is our workload being eased by their presence？" This will be an ongoing debate especially with the current rise in machine learning technology and artificial intelligence.13.What does the underlined word "slashed" in Paragraph 2 mean？______A. Cut.B. Increased.C. Counted.D. Predicted.14.What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 3？______A. Introduce a view.B. Prove a theory.C. State the opposite.D. Draw a conclusion.15.What posts are on the rise thanks to the development of technology？______A. Farmers.B. Washers.C. Miners.D. Teachers.16.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？______A. Is technology leading us nowhere？B. Is technological progress real progress？C. Does technology destroy or create jobs？D. Does technology bring convenience to humans？DIn a small tent in the middle of Panama's rainforest,AaronPomerantz,a biologist at the University of California,set up afield lab filled with microscopes and other lab equipment.Hewas looking for something nearly invisible - transparent （透明的）butterflies known as glasswings.The glasswing butterfly,a baseball-size flier that lives throughout Central and South America,is one of hundreds of butterfly species with transparent wings.This rare adaptation helps it escapepotential pared with other see-through species,such as dragonflies,glasswings are even more skilled at flying through the rainforest unnoticed because their wings don't shine in sunlight.Patel,Pomerantz's Ph.D adviser,has a lifelong interest in glasswings.To understand what makes the glasswings so mysterious,he asked a group of graduate students to take microscopic images of the wings of a dozen or so species of transparent butterflies.A butterfly's wings are made up of a thin layer of a natural polymer（聚合物），which is typically covered with tiny scales（鳞屑）.Species with transparent wings have found ways to move light around these scales by producing fewer of them,turning them straight up,or simply getting rid of them.The group found that glasswings not only produce fewer scales,but they also change many of those scales into hair,allowing light to pass through the wings more easily.In addition,the waxy coating slows down light that passes through the wings.That reduction in speed softens the impact of light hitting the scales,further reducing reflection. Understanding these properties could one day help researchers efficiently focus light onto solar panels and create cheaper antireflective lenses（镜头）for cameras or glasses.It's just fascinating to know how nature solves really interesting problems like this.You can pay extra for glasses that have an antireflective coating on them.17.Why does the author mention "dragonflies" in Paragraph 2？______A. To make a comparison.B. To explain a rule.C. To make a prediction.D. To present a fact.18.Why were pictures of wings taken with microscopes？______A. To appreciate their beauty.B. To study their composition.C. To keep them as souvenirs.D. To test the graduate students.19.What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 4 refer to？______A. Ways.B. Wings.C. Species.D. Scales.20.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about？______A. Properties of glasswings.B. Cameras in the future.C. Applications of the study.D. Difficulties for future studies.三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）Rolling hills and endless green farmlands - those images are easy to appear when thinking of the country lifestyle.When lockdowns lasted so long across the world during the pandemic,social media seemed to be full of pictures of cottages and village life - people getting away from it all.So,why is living in the countryside becoming a modern fantasy？（1）______ It makes sense that some people would want to give up the crowded and noisy city streets for the peaceful country life - especially during an event like a pandemic. （2）______ But it's not just about having a greener place to look at out your window.（3）______ Villages don't normally adapt to the stop-go traffic we see in city centres.There's less air pollution in the countryside,which increases the chances of developing respiratory（呼吸的）conditions or heart disease. （4）______ That is to say,you can get more exercise.All above can also lead to less stress and an increased life expectancy.However,there are some things that need to be considered.（5）______ And as people get older,life far from doctors or public transport could become a bit of a challenge.So,if you're considering a change of pace and moving to a peaceful village,there is a range of pros and cons to consider before taking actions.A.Many young are moving to the city to make a fortune.B.Why do people prefer the city life to the country life？C.Are there benefits to considering a slower pace of life？D.There is more evidence that relates to the benefits of rural living.E.You also get more opportunities to take long walks and see the sights.F.Living far from the city means some people may feel separated or even lonely.G.The lockdowns have given people time to think about what they want from life.21. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G22. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G23. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G24. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G25. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）After years of homeless,I was ready to give up.I had lost hope that life could get（1）______ .But what happened next was that instead of me finding hope,it（2）______ me - and its name was Jay.Jay was part of a homeless outreach program at Catholic Charities Fort Worth（CCFW）.I truly don't know where I'd be if CCFW hadn't（3）______ me.For the first time in years,I knew that someone had my FW（4）______ with me every step of the way.Because of the help,I was able to get on my feet and move into my own（5）______ .For me,volunteering and giving back to the community that helped me is（6）______ because I know the（7）______ these programs can make in the lives of others.One of the most rewarding ways I have been able to（8）______ is right in my backyard - a soccer field I helped to（9）______ for my poor neighbors.In less than two years,I've gone from having（10）______ to lay my head down at night to being able to（11）______ and help others.And（12）______ as I am to have a home,it's not the（13）______ I give back or even the most valuable thing I've been given.The mostlife-changing gift I received was hope,and the true（14）______ of hope is hard to fully grasp until you know what it's like to（15）______ it.26. A. harder B. simpler C. better D. worse27. A. defeated B. found C. impressed D. detected28. A. replied to B. occurred toC. called out toD. reached out to29. A. stayed B. agreed C. argued D. communicated30. A. lab B. apartment c.garage pany31. A. available B. natural C. efficient D. real32. A. profit B. decision C. mistake D. difference33. A. give back B. turn back C. give away D. put away34. A. build B. donate C. accept D. select35. A. anywhere B. everywhere C. somewhere D. nowhere36. A. know B. believe C. serve D. guide37. A. honored B. excited C. special D. grateful38. A. reason B. secret C. signal D. principle39. A. purpose B. feature C. value D. origin40. A. get B. notice C. lose D. miss五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）41.Xu Yuanchong,a translator（1）______ （know）at home and abroad and a professor atthe School of Journalism and Communication of Peking University,passed away inBeijing on June 17，2021 at（2）______ age of 100.Born in 1921 in Nanchang,Jiangxi province,after studying foreign languages at both The National Southwest Associated University and Tsinghua University,Xu had been working （3）______ a professor at Peking University since 1983.Xu devoted（4）______ （he）to literary translation for more than 60 years,who was （5）______ （wide）acknowledged in China as "the first person able to translate Chinese,English and French classics".He translated Chinese（6）______ （work）into English and French and major western publications into Chinese.Xu held the belief that the translated version should reproduce the whole sensoryexperience（7）______ the original brings to the reader.Through this pursuit of respect for the authors,Xu（8）______ （award）the "Aurora Borealis" Prize for Outstanding Translation of Fiction Literature in 2014，one of the（9）______ （high）honors that celebrate excellence in international translators.He was the first Chinese translator（10）______ （win）such an award.六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）42.你受学生会委托为校宣传栏"英语天地"写一则英文通知，请大家观看一部英文短片Amazing China,内容包括：1.放映时间、地点；2.短片内容：中国在过去五年所取得的辉煌成就；3.欢迎在校报上发表观后感。

Unit 6 Disaster and hopeⅠ. 单句填空1.John is very (rely)—if he promises to do something, he will do it.2.Suddenly a good idea occurred her, but she didn't know how to speak it out.3.A baby abandoned by its parents (rescue) by an old man 20 years ago.4.The (announce) was heard by millions of radio listeners this morning.5.Do you get up (immediate) as soon as your alarm clock goes off in the early morning?6.It is reported that a third of Africa is under (threaten) of desertification.7.Nobody knows (precise) how many people are still living in the camp.8. (exceptional) dry weather over the past year had cut agricultural production.9.The work is expected (complete) in three months.10.Since you have finished your work, you are free to do you like.Ⅱ. 阅读理解Dogs may help save the day in the Philippines, as they use their noses to smell out survivors buried by Friday's mudslide (泥石流). The team of dogs arrived in the Philippines from Spain, and this Tuesday they were just beginning their work. Search officials told CNN they hope the recent rain will wash away the smell of rescue teams so the dogs can do their job more accurately.The dogs were brought in after sound equipment found sounds coming from deep inside the ruins, at a place where a school stood before the mudslide covered it. The sounds could mean people are still alive under all the mud or it could just be the earth resettling.On Monday, rescue workers worked at the school site until three in the morning, trying to locate survivors, and they will begin digging again as soon as the dogs think they find someone.Human teams from the US, Malaysia, and Australia are all trying to help, too. But so far they have yet to locate any survivors. Rescue workers told CNN that an earlier report that 50 survivors had been found was false.How did all that mud bury the village in the first place? On Friday, 2,400-foot Mt Kanabag turned into a mudslide after two weeks of constant rain weakened it. The mountain crumbled and the mud fell onto the village Guinsaugon, burying the 1,800 people who lived there. Out of the 300 houses in the village, only 3 were not covered by the mud. The village is on a southern Philippine island called Levte. Rescue efforts have been difficult because the village takes six hours to reach from the nearest airport. Hopefully, the dogs can help their human friends find survivors.()1.According to the search officials' words in the first paragraph, we can learnthat .A.the smell of rescue teams can disturb the dogsB.the dogs can follow the smell of rescue teamsC.the dogs can't smell the rescue teamsD.the dogs can tell the smells of buried people and rescue teams apart()2.The main purpose of this passage is probably .A.to show the way to rescue the victims in the ruinsB.to introduce the instruments to save victims in a disasterC.to tell readers that dogs can smell out victims buried in the ruinsD.to show how to train dogs to save victims in a mudslide()3.How many survivors have been found by the dogs?A.50.B.Only a few.C.1, 800.D.None.()4.The reason why the rescue work wasn't going smoothly was probablythat .A.the rain was heavyB.so many people were buriedC.it was difficult to reach the villageD.there was little chance to save the survivorsⅢ. 完形填空I was a young newspaper reporter, and I wanted to succeed. My first 1 was in Latin America. It was almost my last job.I had not planned to stay in the village of Zacate, 2 it had been raining hard for a whole day. So I had to stay there.I found people there full of 3. This village was at the foot of a volcano (火山). It was becoming more 4. Men, women and children came to the square. A few helped each other and went out of town to get as far away from the volcano as possible, with large and full 5 in their hands. Suddenly, I felt a strong 6. The villagers in the square ran away as soon as they felt the earthquake.Suddenly, I saw black smoke 7 down the side of the mountain towards the village. Trees and grass burned up in a second. The volcano eruption was coming so 8 that in less than a minute the roads to the villages were 9. All I could do was watch and wait. Suddenly, my landlord (房东) cried out, “Look!” He 10 to a small hill. The lava (岩浆) was not coming over it but 11 on each side of the village, leaving the village centre 12. For a time, at least, we were 13, unless the lava grew much bigger.My landlord gave me a wet blanket to cover myself to avoid the 14 and we poured water over our heads to cool ourselves. We could hardly breathe (呼吸) because of the heat and the 15 of the burning houses. Thanks to my landlord, I survived the volcano.()1.A.friend B.jobC.voyageD.shopping()2.A.so B.ifC.orD.but()3.A.happiness B.fearC.determinationD.power()fortable B.weak C.active D.calm()5.A.flowers B.umbrellasC.booksD.packs()6.A.flood B.earthquakeC.coldD.fire()7.A.rolling B.disappearing C.lying D.settling()8.A.gradually B.frequently C.fast te()9.A.put off B.cut off C.built up D.fixed up()10.A.returned B.added C.got D.pointed()11.A.recovering B.resting C.seeking D.flowing()12.A.unimportant B.unusual C.uncrowded D.undamaged ()13.A.dangerous B.warm C.safe D.kind()14.A.lightning B.heatC.partnerD.enemy()15.A.smoke B.colourC.sizeD.noiseⅣ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Unit6 Earth first单元核心词汇句型专项训练【核心词汇】1．It ________ (使惊恐) me to think I was alone in the building.2．The company has ________ (把……作为目标) adults as its primary customers.3．________ (幸运地) for him, he was very soon offered another job.4．This species of animal is on the verge of ________ (灭绝).5．I eventually realized I had to change my ________ (态度) toward medical practice.6．More than 70 people were killed in the f________，caused when a dam burst.7．Diamonds are pure c________.8．The report h________ the major problems facing society today.9．The characteristics of the machine are fully detailed in our b________.10．You can also click the sound button on the s________ to add an audio file.11．We shouldn't keep the bulbs ________ (burn) in the day.12．They found the fins of the shark ________ (cut) off.13．The English class ended with all ________ (sing) an English song.14．When I got home, I saw the TV ________ (turn) off.15．On the top of the hill, he could see fog ________ (rise) from the sea.16．You ought to be ashamed of your foolish ________ (behave).17．The men lost their way in a sandstorm and crossed the border ________ mistake.18．From that day ________，mother and daughter have depended on each other for survival.19．Since then, the number of sharks ________ (fall) quickly.20．It was an area________ the hunters were hunting animals.21．It was at that moment that the ________ (鱼鳍) burst out of the water.22．A whale and a ________ (鲨鱼) live in the ocean.23．The university will reach its ________ (目标) of 5,000 students next September.24．If you want to pass your exams you'd better change your a________.25．Many species have been in danger of e________ because of our destruction of their natural habitat.26．The________ (数量) of potatoes and bread people buy has dropped.27．I'll have to change the ________ (插头) on my hairdryer.28．Batteries should be kept in a dry place for fear that electricity should ________ (渗漏) away.29．A whale is a fish. True or ________ (错)?30．The________ (装置) exploded, throwing Mr Taylor from his car.31．How to use ________ (electric) safely has become general knowledge in our village.32．He removed his hand ________ her shoulder.33．Does ________ (make) paper bags use more energy and water than plastic bags?34．Normally, one master work and the other is ________ stand－by mode.35．He emptied his glass and ordered another three ________ (litre) of beer.36．The tomatoes were grown in the ________ (温室)．37．We have 20 part－time members of ________ (员工)．38．People were swimming in the ________ (大海) despite the hurricane warning.39．In fact many food crops failed because of the ________ (干旱)．40．The electricity ________ (供应) had been cut off.41．The arrival time has been delayed due ________ bad weather.42．The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go ________ (dive)．43．The sea turtle is an ________ (endanger) species.44．The film Jaws made many people ________ (frighten) of sharks.45．The thought of dying slowly and ________ (pain) terrified me.46．Weight is crucial in ________ (dive) because the aim is to cause the smallest splash possible.47．The traffic here is very ________ (danger) for children.48．The rainforests are disappearing at an ________ (alarm) rate.49．She has been absent from work due ________ illness.50．The programme was viewed on television in millions ________ homes.51．The surroundings in the ________ (餐厅) have also been improved.52．Today police began a ________ (宣传活动) to reduce road accidents.53．The car runs at an ________ (平均的) speed of 100 miles per hour.54．There's plenty of space for all the usual kitchen ________ (家用电器)．55．Stress is a ________ (造成) factor in many illnesses.56．I urge them ________ (stop) polluting our river.57．The only thing I'm ________ (concern) about is your blood pressure.58．Everyone should save food by ________ (not waste) anything on the plate.59．The volunteers saved them ________ starvation in the floods.60．They were hunted almost to ________ (extinct)．【核心句式】1．大多数来找我看病的患者都来自农村。

2020-2021学年江苏省南京市六校联考高一（下）期末英语试卷一、选词填空-句子（本大题共10小题，共10.0分）1.In this article,we will talk about a particular type of comfort food whose power mainly liesin the a ______ it calls to mind. （根据首字母单词拼写）2.No matter how bad my mood is,that perfect c ______ is always enough to lift my spirits.（根据首字母单词拼写）3.Over time,it has e ______ to include multiple options of soups,vegetables,meats andsauces,appealing to people of different tastes. （根据首字母单词拼写）4.Traditionally,duck is considered to have cooling p ______，so it is appropriate for the hotsummer months. （根据首字母单词拼写）5.The simple tunes and beautiful natural images are often suggestive of countryside s______.（根据首字母单词拼写）6.The music takes a softer turn and ends on a bittersweet note,telling us how the couple t______ into butterflies and fly away to be together forever. （根据首字母单词拼写）7.By the time he was a teenager, Beethoven had already enjoyed a r ______ as a wonderfulyoung musician.8.Even in his darkest moments,however,Beethoven never a ______ hope. （根据首字母单词拼写）9.Monet and Renoir,along with other like-minded artists,sought l ______ from the rules ofthe old style. （根据首字母单词拼写）10.Some critics suggest that on closer inspection,the painting actually e ______ seriouspolitical and social problems. （根据首字母单词拼写）二、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）AWhile some extreme diets may suggest otherwise,we all need a balance ofprotein,fat,carbohydrates,fiber,vitamins,and minerals in our diets to keep a healthy body.You don't need to remove certain kinds of foods from your diet,but rather select the healthiest ones. ProteinProtein gives us the energy to get up and go—and keep going while also supporting mood andcognitive function （认知功能）.Too much protein can be harmful to people with kidney disease,but the latest research suggests that many of us need more high-qualityprotein,especially as we age.That doesn't mean you have to eat more animal products—a variety of plant-based sources of protein each day can ensure your body gets all the necessary protein it needs.FatNot all fat is the same.While bad fat can destroy your diet and increase the possibility of certain diseases,good fat protects your brain and heart.In fact,healthy fat—such as omega-3s—is necessary to your physical and emotional health.Understanding how to include more healthy fat in your diet can help improve your mood and your well-beings.FiberEating foods high in dietary fiber（grain,fruit,vegetables,nuts,and beans）can help you stay regular and lower the possibility of heart disease,strokes,and diabetes.It can also improve your skin and even help you to lose weight；Depending on your age and gender,experts suggest you eat at least 21 to 38 grams of fiber each day.Calcium（钙）Your body uses calcium to build healthy bones and teeth,keep them strong,send messages through the nervous system,and control the heart's rhythm.Not getting enough calcium in your diet can also lead to anxiety,depression,and sleep difficulties.Whatever your age or gender,it's necessary to include calcium-rich foods in your diet.11.What can we know about protein from the second paragraph？______A. The animal products provide more protein.B. We should have less protein when we get older.C. Protein can improve a person's mood.D. We should have as much protein as possible.12.Which is one benefit of foods in high fiber？______A. They provide more energy.B. They help improve the skin.C. They help build healthy teeth.D. They are good for eyesight.13.What's the effect of shortage of calcium？______A. People may have trouble with sleep.B. People may become older easily.C. People may have the risk of kidney disease.D. People may gain weight quickly in a short time.BYou return from work on a muggy（闷热的）August evening.Your unwashed teenage son is on the sofa playing the game Fortnite,as he has been doing for the past eight hours.Not for the first time,you ask yourself：why are school summer holidays so long？This is a more serious question than it sounds.Many children will return from the long break having forgotten much of what they were taught the previous year.One study from the American South found that this summer learning loss‖ could be as high as a quarter of the year's education.Poor children tend to be the worst affected,since rich ones typically live in homes full of books and are packed off to summer camp.A study from Baltimore found that variations（差别）in summer loss might possibly account for two-thirds of the achievement gap between rich and poor children by the age of 14-15.Long holidays definitely tighten the budgets of poor families,since free school meals stop and extra child care kicks in.Youngsters will hate the idea of a longer school year.Many grown-ups will object to it,too.It would cost taxpayers more,since teachers would have to be paid for the extra days.Schools in hotter areas would spend a fortune on air-conditioning.Skeptics（怀疑者）also notethat,although those rarely rested South Korean pupils do well in exams,they are often unhappy.Is that really what you want for your darlings？More time in school doesn't necessarily mean repeating the same old lessons.But for those falling behind,the summer could be a time for different kinds of learning：critical thinking,practical skills,financial literacy,work placements with local firms—schools should be free to experiment.Space should not be a problem.Many school buildings sit idle（闲置的）in the summer.Well-off children often already use the summer to broaden their minds or doing summer jobs found through connections.Schools should help the rest catch up.Other public services do not simply disappear for a quarter of the year.It would be unthinkable for hospitals or the police to do so.So why do schools get away with it？Their responsibility to educate does not end when the temperature rises.14.With the example in Paragraph 1，the author intends to ______ .A. show the author's bad moodB. lead in the topic of the passageC. criticize the son's bad behaviorD. prove the harm of long holidays15.To help the children falling behind during summer holidays,schools should ______ .A. have them learning the previous lessonsB. pack them off to various summer campsC. offer them various chances of learningD. provide summer jobs in public services16.What is the passage mainly about？______A. The school summer holidays should be shorter.B. Students are suffering summer learning loss.C. Schools should arrange more practical learning.D. The achievement gap between students is widened.CWhat is the best part of a typical relaxing summer day？Nothing is better than sitting in an armchair with a beer and some chips in your hand,enjoying the great comfort.The much-loved combination of beer and chips is being exploited for the first time to deal with climate change.Chips firm Walkers has adopted a technique it says will cut CO2 emissions （排放）from its production process by 70%.The technology will use CO2 captured from beer processing in a brewery （啤酒厂），which is then mixed with potato waste and turned into fertilizer.It will then be spread on UK fields to feed the following year's potato crop.Creating fertilizer normally produces high CO2 emissions,but the technology adopted by Walkers makes fertilizer without generatingCO2.So,the beer-and-chips combination performs a double function.It stops the emission of brewery CO2 into the atmosphere — and it saves on the CO2 normally generated by fertilizer production.This Creative win-win solution was developed with an approval from the UK government by a 14-employee start-up called CCm.The fertilizer was experimented on potato seed beds this year,and next year Walkers will install CCm equipment at its Leicester factory to prepare for its 2022 crop.A decision has not yet been made on which brewery Walkers will work with on this.The new technology adds to carbon-saving techniques already under way.The firm has installed an anaerobic digester （厌氧消化池），which feeds potato waste to bacteria to produce a useful gas.The gas is burned to make electricity for the chip-frying process — so this saves on burning gas or coal.The new system will go a step further by taking away potato "cake" left after digestion — and mixing the brewery CO2 into it to make an enriched fertilizer which will help put carbon back into the soil as well as encouraging plant growth.It's an example of scientists finding ways to use CO2 emissions which otherwise would increase the over-heating of the planet.17.What is the purpose of the first paragraph？______A. To draw readers' attention.B. To entertain readers.C. To show how useful beer and chips are to our life.D. To introduce a way of life.18.Which of the following is an advantage of the system？______A. It will be totally cost-free.B. It doesn't consume any energy.C. It will be a perfect solution to climate change.D. It is environmentally-friendly.19.What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？______A. How CO2 is turned into fertilizer.B. How the technology stops CO2 emissions.C. How an energy-saving green technology works.D. The advantages of a new technology.20.What can be inferred from the text？______A. The technology will fix the problem of global warming.B. Walkers has a wide range of partner choices.？C. This technology will be adopted by many chips firms soon.D. Scientists are seeking solutions to climate change.DSocial media can be a convenient way to extend your network,staying in touch with your grandma,or sharing photos of your new puppy.Nevertheless,social media can be terrible for your health.It's our use of it that's out of control.British anthropologist and evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar developed the idea that 150 people is the maximum number of meaningful connections anyone can have.You may have 800 friends on Wechat,but we're not connecting with them in person.Your QQ connections may be vast,but how many of them do you have meaningful interactions with？If you're using social media to feel more connected,a recent study published in the American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that it's not working,and it an also contribute to unfavorable connections and even depression.Positive interactions on social media don't help people feel happier.Negative interactions,on the other hand,bring more feelings of sadness.The same goes for comparison,which social media encourages.Another study,published by the American Psychological Association,shows comparing yourself to others via social media also has negative effects,leading to symptoms of depression.Reaching for your cell phone as a mental break is also a bad idea.Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the midst of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones,with paper and pencils,and who took no break at all.Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two conditions.So how should you manage your social media usage？First,know your time and purposes of e the tracking function on your device to find out how much you're using it and what you're using it for.After this,get away from your device unless you have to use it.As tough as it might be,turn off and tune into the world around you. Then,be in charge of your device,rather than let it be in charge of you.Your phone s rings or vibrations don't mean you must respond to them.Remind yourself that you're in charge,not your device or the people on the other end of it who've just contacted you.Finally,consider using your device as a relationship e your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face your favorite restaurant,where you'll keep your phone out of sight.When you're in control of your digital consumption,social media becomes a tool to enrich your life and not a distraction （分心）that makes you feel miserable.21.The author might agree that ______ .A. social media is immediate and interactiveB. it is hard to live without digital devicesC. friends on QQ are not friends indeedD. improper social media use is harmful22.American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that using social media ______ .A. can't promote your expected connectionsB. breaks up the meaningful communicationC. causes the unnecessary comparisonD. can't bring more positive interactions23.From the research by Rutgers University,we might conclude that ______ .A. participants without cell phones had quicker and deeper thinkingB. using cell phones couldn't give participants mental breaksC. cell phone users couldn't complete their task successfullyD. mental breaks reduce efficiency of solving problems24.To use social media as a relationship builder,you can ______ .A. call your friends to play online games togetherB. book movie tickets for family time through appsC. look through WeiBo when you have a family reunionD. reply messages on We Chat while having dinner with friends25.What would be the best title for the passage？______A. Is social media killing your health？B. How does social media affect your life？C. Social media：to be or not to be？D. Social media：use it wisely!三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）When it comes to helping students learn and mature,there are several ways to increase their well-being.Although your children may be succeeding in the classroom,there are a few things that you still can do.Encouraging physical activity is the first thing you can do.More and more children do not participate in sports after school.It's important for you to encourage mobility with sports that are played after class.You should find sporting equipment,basketball courts and play areas where kids can increase their well-being. (1)Secondly,you can provide proper nutrition for your children.It's important for your children to receive proper nutrition both inside and outside of the home. (2) You'd better make it a point to provide enough nutrition for their proper development and growth.(3) Many parents fail to stop children from using smart phones and computers.There are some institutions that even encourage too much screen time as a way to teach children or keep them entertained.You should help the children remain excited without sitting in front of a screen throughout the day.Last but not the least,monitoring bullying （欺凌）is also an essential part.Bullying continues to remain a common problem in some schools,making it important that the environment that your children grow in holds a high standard. (4)It's important to examine the school life as a whole to determine what factors are missing. (5) You may determine how well they adjust to the world around them and succeed in life.A.You should provide kids with fresh food.B.Besides,you'd better limit their screen time.C.It will encourage children to focus on their study.D.In addition,try your best to give them more freedom.E.This will reduce the risk of health conditions that include obesity.F.You can advise teachers to keep a practice of looking for bullying.G.Parents play a significant role in children's growth and well-being.26. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G27. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G28. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G29. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G30. A. A B. B C. C D. D E.E F.F G. G四、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）It is a blue,cotton shirt.The shirt belonged to my(31)David.On his birthday before he left college,his mother bought him the shirt.(32)I gave him free use of my bike,he let me wear the shirt,occasionally.We shared the shirt,and as days(33)，we shared more of our(34).David was in school by scholarships and grants （助学金）.He(35)to keep his scholarships,because without even one of them,he would have to(36)and back on the farm.And in David's home,there was always only enough money to cover the expense.His father died when he was twelve.At times David also talked about his ually it was late at night,in the dormitory just before bed,and the(37) always ended with tears that flowed from a river of memories and longings：memories of a father suffering from(38)when his son was just a teenager；longings for opportunities to cure his father's disease missed,because disease does not understand about the(39)between father and son.Nor does it care.Time passed and we had to say goodbye to each other.After lots of hugging,and words of thanks,we eventually departed.It was on my(40)trip upstairs to our dorm that I saw a package on my bed.I(41)the wrapping paper.It was the blue cotton shirt in a box with a card(42)toit,reading "Thomas,I can't thank you enough for your(43).This has been tough years and you have been(44)a friend.Thank you for listening.Thanks for everything.—David".I put aside the note,with(45)tears dropping on the shirt.I still have the shirt today,though it has faded and wrinkled with age.31. A. colleague B. brother C. roommate D. professor32. A. Because B. Unless C. While D. Even if33. A. came across B. went by C. ran out D. came up34. A. victories B. belongings C. scholarships D. stories35. A. happened B. refused C. struggled D. failed36. A. turn out B. stand out C. figure out D. drop out37. A. interview B. discussion C. conversation D. debate38. A. failure B. depression C. poverty D. illness39. A. connection B. distance C. difference D. conflict40. A. first B. last C. next D. second41. A. touched B. pulled C. removed D. folded42. A. attached B. applied C. adjusted D. admitted43. A. guidance B. devotion C. friendship D. mercy44. A. less than B. other than C. more than D. rather than45. A. sympathetic B. grateful C. joyful D. moving五、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）46.Many scientists believe our love of sugar may actually be an (1) （addict）.When we eator drink sugary foods,the sugar enters our blood and affects parts of our brain (2) make us feel good.Then the good feeling goes away, (3) （leave）us wanting more.All tasty foods do this,but sugar has a (4) （particular）strong effect.In this way, (5) is in fact an addictive drug,one that doctors recommend we all cut down on."It seems like every time I study an illness and trace a path to the first cause,I find my way back to sugar," says scientist Richard Johnson.One-third of adults worldwide have high blood pressure,and up (6) 347 million have diabetes（糖尿病）.Why？"Sugar,webelieve,is one of the (7) （reason），if not the major one," says Johnson.Our bodies (8) （design）to survive on very little sugar.Early humans often had very little food.In this way,we had energy stored for when there was no food. (9) today,most people have more than enough.So the very thing that once (10) （save）us may now be killing us.六、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）47.假定你是高一学生李华，你校学生将在暑假进行"读一本好书"的活动，以鼓励每个学生都参与到阅读当中．你的英国朋友Leslie给你发邮件询问相关情况，请你根据下列要点写一封邮件回复她：1．目前存在的一些不良现象；2．阅读的好处；3．你的建议．注意：1．词数100左右，开头已写好，不计入词数；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；Dear Leslie,We are assigned to get involved in the activity to read a good book in our summer holiday, which I think is greatly meaningful._____________Yours,Li Hua48.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。