英语词根词缀

英语词根词缀

英语单词后缀汇总

名词后缀

1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物eg. worker,

debtor ,actress, democrat

2)-acy, 表示―性质，状态，境遇‖ eg. democracy, accuracy,

diplomacy

3)-ance, -ence表示―性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度eg.

importance, diligence, difference, obedience 4)-ancy, -ency, 表示―性质，状态，行为，过程‖ eg. frequency, urgency, efficiency

5)-bility, 表示―动作，性质，状态‖ eg. possibility, flexibility,

feasibility,

6)-dom, 表示―等级，领域，状态‖ freedom, kingdom, wisdom

7)-hood, 表示―资格，身份, 年纪，状态‖ eg. childhood,

manhood, falsehood

8)-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示―行为的过程，结果，状况‖ eg. action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression,

correction

9)-ism, 表示―制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为‖ socialism,

criticism, colloquialism, heroism

10)-ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度‖ eg. purity, reality, ability,

11)-ment, 表示―行为，状态，过程，手段及其结eg. treatment,

movement, judgment, punishment,

12)-ness, 表示―性质，状态，程度‖ eg. goodness, kindness,

tiredness, friendliness

13)-ship, 表示―情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业‖ eg.

hardship, membership, friendship

14)-th, 表示―动作，性质，过程，状态‖ eg. depth, wealth, truth,

length, growth 15)-tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" eg. latitude, altitude(海拔)

16)-ure, 表示―行为，结果‖ eg. exposure, pressure, failure,

procedure(手续)，

17) -grapy, 表示―……学，写法‖ eg. biography, calligraphy,

geography

18)-ic, ics, 表示―……学……法‖eg. logic, mechanics, electronics,

linguistics

19)-ology, 表示―……学……论‖ eg. biology, zoology,

technology (工艺学)

20)-nomy, 表示"……学……术" astronomy, economy,

bionomy(生态学)

21) -y eg. geometry, symmetry, monotony, sympathy (注意-y

也为形容词后缀eg. healthy, wealthy, noisy）

22) -age eg. storage, drainage(排水系统）

23) -um eg.forum,

24) -al eg. arrival, proposal, refusal, approval, removal,

disposal (注意与形容词后缀-cal的区别）25) -ace eg. furnace

形容词后缀

1)-able, -ible 表示“可以...的”eg. visible, flexible

2)名词+-ish, eg. foolish, bookish, selfish(注意accomplish,

vanish是动词)

3)-ive, eg. active, sensitive, productive

4)-like, eg. manlike, childlike

5)名词+-ly, eg. manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly (注意形容词+ly为副词）

6)-some, eg. troublesome, handsome

7)-ful, eg. beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful (注意handful,

mouthful, spoonful为名词）

8)-ous, eg. dangerous, generous, courageous, various

9)-ent, -ant eg. violent, excellent, abundant, important (对应的名词后缀为-ence, -ance)

10)-most, eg. foremost, topmost

11) -less, 表示否定eg. countless, stainless, wireless

12) -ary eg. secondary, preliminary

13) -cal eg. economical

14) -ic eg. geometric, economic, symbolic, sympathetic (注意和同样的名词后缀的区别)

15) -y eg. healthy, wealthy, noisy

动词后缀

1)-ize, ise, 表示"做成，变成，……化”eg. modernize,

mechanize, democratize, organize

2)-en, 表示"使成为，引起，使有”eg. quicken, weaken, soften,

harden

3)-fy, 表示"使……化, 使成”eg. beautify, purify, intensify,

signify, simplify

4)-ish, 表示"使，令”eg. finish, abolish, diminish, establish（注意和-ish结尾的形容词后缀的比较）5)-ate, 表示“成为……，处理，作用”eg. separate, operate, indicate

副词后缀

1）形容词+-ly：eg. bad →badly 坏地/恶劣地，

careful →carefully小心地

2）-wise (OE)：eg. clock →clockwise (a./adv.)顺时针方向的(地)；Like →likewise同样地

3) -ways eg. always, sideways

4）-wards，表示方向：eg. out →outwards向外面地，north

→northwards向北方地

大学英语四六级常见词根词缀

表示“等级”，“大些”：super-，arch-，out-，over- 表示态度：counter-，anti-，pro-

表示位置：trans-，sub-，fore-，sup- 表示时间顺序：pre-, post-, re-

1．否定前缀

un- uncomfortable, unacceptable, unavoidable

in- incomplete, incapable, indispensable, inevitable im-

imperfect, impartial, immortal

dis- disable, disadvantage

mis- misplace, mislead, misfortune

ab- abnormal

de- deactivate, degrade

il- illegal, illiterate

ir- irregular, irrelative

mal- malfunction, malnutrition

non- nonscientist, nonsense

2. trans — across（横过）through（通过）beyond（那边）from one place to another

transient 短暂的

transplant 移植（器官）

transaction 交易

transition 过渡，转变

transition from A to B transition period

transmit 传输，传送（无线电，电视）transmission (n)

a live transmission 现场直播

cultural transmission 文化的继承

transform 完全改变…的外观/特性transformation(常做陪衬)

transfer 传递，迁移

translate 翻译

transport 运输

3. com-, con- ---- 1、加强语气 2、共同，一起combine,

compete, compromise

confirm, conspicuous, concession 4. -tain ---- 1、支撑 2、保持，维持，保留sustain， retain, maintain

5. re- ---- 再，又，回，反

renew, reshape, refresh

6. uni- / mono- one ---- （一个），sole（单一的）uniform,

unique, unity

monotonous （单调的），monopoly （垄断）

7. ex- ---- 向外，超出

expand extend exceed excessive exclusive(ly) excursi on

8. pre-/pro- ---- 前，在前

predominant precede, previous, premise, prevalent proceed,

prominent, propel

9. magn- ---- 大（large）

magnify(microscope), magnificent, magnitude

10. viv- /vit- ---- live, life 生命，生活

vivid, survive, revive

vital, vitamin

11. inter- ---- 在……之间相互

intervene, interfere

12. man- ---- hand （手工）

manufacture , manipulate，manuscript

13. sci- ---- knowledge

science, scientific, consciousness

14. sub- / sus- ---- 下，次，附属

subsidiary subordinate(to)

sustain

15. laps ---- 滑，落

(时间)elapse, collapse