研究生英语精读课后练习答案

《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版下)中国人民大学出版社2019年下半学期第1.2.3.6.8.单元习题机械工程刘聪整理Vocabulary (20)、Cloze (15)、Reading Comprehension (30 scores) 、Translation (20 scores)、Writing (15 scores)Instructor Zheng Li 郑莉Unit One1. Considerable expertise is required to be a successful trial lawyer.A. know-howB. authorityC. prudenceD. resolution2. So it came about that even in ancient times tales of Moon voyages were written without any trace of magic and the earthiness of something that might be possible.A. footprintB. measurementC. remainderD. sign3. I’d like to come with you, but that’s not a promise. Don’t build on it.A. bring onB. depend onC. take onD. think on4. I must go and work up my notes, ready for the test.A. completeB. takeC. reviewD. get5. Groundwater, a resource that exists everywhere beneath the Earth’s surface, is under increasing risk from contamination and overuse.A. popularizationB. pollutionC. contractionD. industrialization6. The most prominent technological success in the twentieth century is probably computer revolution.A. noticeableB. solemnC. prosperousD. prevalent7. Neon light is utilized in airport because it can penetrate fog.A. pass throughB. break upC. transmitD. suspend8. There is no point in applying for that job as you are not properly qualified.A. reasonB. resultC. chanceD. use9. It is estimated that almost one million earthquakes occur each year, but most of them are so minor that they pass undetected.A. with no damageB. with no noticeC. with no nameD. with no problem10. Inspired by another movement in art called Dadaism, the Surrealist movement has been one of the most influential art movements in the 20th century.A. DespisedB. InfluencedC. StifledD. Created11. In less than a millionth of a second, the vast computer of an international airline can ______ accept 800 booking inquiries, and search its 50 million memory units for appropriate replies.A. simultaneouslyB. implicitlyC. complacentlyD. cautiously12. There are two hundred and forty stamps in the sheet, arranged in twenty rows of twelve stamps _____.A. individuallyB. acrossC. horizontallyD. vertically13. Many of the conditions that _____ population pressures—overcrowding, unemployment, poverty, hunger and illness—lead to dissatisfaction.A. bring forwardB. bring outC. result inD. result from14. A severe illness _____ the hot weather has left the baby very weak.A. in accordance withB. in line withC. in conjunction withD. in agreement with15. It is a long time since we’ve been ____; I hope everything goes as well as last time.A. united upB. brought upC. teamed upD. picked up16. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical ____, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology. A. interaction B. interferenceC. interventionD. interruption17. In what _____ to a last minute stay of execution, a council announced that emergency funding would keep alive two aging satellites.A. appliesB. accountsC. amountsD. attaches18. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ standards.A. equivalentB. alikeC. uniformD. likely19. It has been estimated that earthquake-related fatalities have numbered in the millions and earthquake-related destruction has been _____ calculation.A. underB. overC. behindD. beyond20. We’re in a _____ position here, with the enemy on the hill above us.A. strongB. powerfulC. vulnerableD. negativeB. Put the following into English.1. 超级市场连同消费者都遭到了通货膨胀的沉重打击。

Unit OneYou Are What You ThinkAnd if you change your mind—from pessimism to optimism—you can change your life 你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活Claipe Safran 卡勒普·撒弗兰[ 1 ] Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eyeupon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking.[1] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。

[ 2] A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15 000people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and moresuccessful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, andis linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. "If we could teach people tothink more positively," says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University inHouston，"it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills."[2]迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有 104 个研究项目，涉及大约 15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。

研究生英语精读教程答案【篇一：研究生英语精读教程人大版(第三版上)-答案1-4章】e你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活卡勒普-撒弗兰[ 1 ] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗?你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们自细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈辞滥调突然问都成了科学问题。

[ 5 ] 公司受到了触动，便雇用了100名虽未通过标准化企业测试但在态度乐观一项得分很高的人。

这些本来可能根本不会被雇用的人售出的保险额高出推销员的平均额10％。

[ 6 ] 他们是如何做的呢？据塞利格曼说，乐观主义者成功的秘诀就在于他的“解释方式”。

出了问题之后，悲观主义者倾向于自责。

他说：“我不善于做这种事，我总是失败。

”乐观主义者则寻找漏洞，他责怪天气、抱怨电话线路、或者甚至怪罪别人。

他认为，是那个客户当时情绪不好。

当一切顺利时，乐观主义者居功自傲而悲观主义者只把成功视为侥幸。

[ 8 ] 无论是消极还是积极，都是一种自我实现的预言。

安德森说：如果人们感到没有希望，他们就不会费事去获得成功所需的技能。

”[ 9 ] 据安德森看来，有无控制感是成功的试金石。

乐观主义者能够掌握自己的命运。

如果事情不顺利，他立刻做出反应，寻找解决办法，制定新的行动计划，并且主动寻求指点。

悲观者刚感到自己只能由命运摆布，行动拖拉。

既然认为毫无办法．他便不去寻求指点． [11] 乐观态度不会使不治之症痊愈，却有可能预防疚病。

在一项长期研究中，研究人员跟踪观察了一组哈佛大学毕业生的健康史。

所有这些人部是班上的好学生，并且健康状况良好。

他们之中有的是积极思考者，有的是消极思考者。

20年后，悲观者中患有中年常见病一高血压、糖尿病、心脏病一的人数要比乐观者多。

[ 13 ] 在多数人身上，乐观主义和悲观主义兼而有之，但总是更倾向于其中之一。

塞利格曼说，这是一种所谓早在“母亲膝下”就开始形成的思维模式，来自千万次警告或鼓励，积极的或消极的话语。

研究生英语精读教程课后习题期末复习整理1. She was in anguish until she knew that her husband's life was saved.A. great sufferingB. great regretC. great despairD. great disappointment2. I have nothing but disdain for such a person.A. respectB. hatredC. dislikeD. contempt3. The grass was interspersed with beds of flowers.A. scatteredB. spreadC. diversifiedD. set here and there4. I am sure disease must propagate in such unsanitary and crowded areas.A. releaseB. spreadC. promoteD. generate5. There was a meager attendance at the council meeting.A. smallB. enoughC. ampleD. haughty6. The end of 1921 found the capitalist offensive against theworkers in full swing.A. negotiationB. punishmentC. struggleD. attack7. We can't rule out the possibility that he will come after all.A. excludeB. refuseC. acceptD. take8. John was confined to bed for a week with his cold.A. allowed inB. kept inC. tied toD. shut on9. We three were the sole survivors in the traffic accident.A. luckyB. fortunateC. blessedD. only10. I slept through her dull speech.A. dozingB. boringC. fascinatingD. imaginative11. I have been in _________ with him about the matter.A. lettersB. dealingsC. writingsD. correspondence12. I could hear only __________ of their conversation.A. piecesB. slipsC. fragmentsD. portions13. The old lady ______ the sweet-smelling flowers into a garland.A. tiedB. intertwinedC. curvedD. twisted14. A ______ man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.A. desperateB. prudentC. shrewdD. rude15. Most bacteria grow best in a slightly acid ______.A. areaB. placeC. districtD. medium16. Everyone knows that the firefly is a _____ insect.A. firingB. lightingC. luminiferousD. glowing17. Sports, and not learning, seem to ______ in that school.A. appearB. occupyC. dominateD. lead18. Each chess player will have five minutes to ______ his next move.A. makeB. haveC. takeD. ponder19. This time they really ______ better results.A. hopedB. hoped forC. wishedD. wished to20. ______ came of his success abroad.A. WordB. A wordC. WordsD. The word1. His beautiful writing is akin to drawing.A. asB. fromC. aboveD. like2. His knowledge on the subject seems to be on a par with my own.A. different fromB. the same asC. related toD. in accordance with3. Tom and Mary were married a week after they met and soon found themselves at odds about religion.A. in disagreementB. on strikeC. in questionD. on purpose4. The inventor was vilified in yesterday's newspaper.A. abusedB. slanderedC. praisedD. criticized5. The Mississippi flood of 1973 was a major catastrophe in which a great many lives were lost.A. casualtyB. disasterC. changeD. threat6. She almost yielded to an unexpected impulse to dance in the street.A. urgent desireB. sudden wishC. good ideaD. fancy thought7. Mr. Green posed as a rich man though he owed more than he owned.A. workedB. lookedC. clothedD. Behaved8. They feared the plague and regarded it as a deadly scourge.A. punishmentB. IllnessC. troubleD. ailment9. Some people have a bias against foreigners.A. prejudiceB. dislikeC. hatredD. favour10. Your stay abroad will give you ample opportunities to learn a new language.A. goodB. suitableC. properD. enough11. The dark clouds suggest a(n) ______ storm.A. impendingB. surprisingC. fastD. unexpected12. Since the club owed $15 and had only $10 in the treasury, there was a ______ of $5.A. sumB. deficitC. differenceD. surplus13. The oil lamp ______ softly on the table.A. glowedB. lightedC. sizzledD. sounded14. It ______ with you to decide.A. talksB. refersC. liesD. indicates15. He ______ among the best heavyweight boxers of the past fifty years.A. projectsB. showsC. displaysD. rates16. The constant turmoil in the office proved that he was an ______ administrator.A. ableB. ineptC. experiencedD. active17. The mother tried to ______ her son’s interest in music by taking him to concerts when he was young.A. giveB. showC. fosterD. cause18. No matter how you read it, this sentence doesn’t make any __.A. meaningB. soundC. progressD. sense19. I tried to find my keys but I was ______ by my thick gloves.A. helpedB. hamperedC. annoyedD. upset20. To our grief, he became ______ to the drug.A. addictedB. interestedC. amusedD. disturbed1. The patient clenched the arms of the dentist's chair.A. graspedB. touchedC. placed onD. pressed2. The retiring professor was exalted by his colleague.A. criticizedB. honoredC. driven outD. examined3. All the tourists were impressed by the amazing grandeur of Niagara Falls.A. powerB. splendorC. speedD. height4. We stared in awe at the president himself.A. respectB. concernC. satisfactionD. envy5. The term “paper” is a little misleading when you consider the strength and endurance of the construction material.A. lasting qualityB. uniqueC. elementD. current status6. When the moon wanes, it changes from the full to the new phase.A. becomes smallerB. transformsC. eclipsesD. vanishes7. Edward Ⅷ relinquished his throne to marry Mrs. Simpson.A. took overB. yieldedC. disregardedD. vanished8. The teacher had unusual insight into children’s emotions and knew clearly how to treat them.A. perceptionB. ignoranceC. creationD. comprehension9. Have you seen the new edifice of Elm Street?A. department storeB. buildingC. schoolD. theatre10. Property on which money has been lent is redeemed when the loan is paid back.A. recoveredB. repurchasedC. rescuedD. discharged11. She practiced the speech until her delivery and timing were completely ______.A. faultyB. imperfectC. incorrectD. faultless12. He is an honest person. His actions are always ______ his words.A. contradictory toB. contradicted byC. agreed withD. consistent with13. They called for "immediate, absolute, ______ separation from the North" and elected their own president, Jefferson Davis.friendly B. lifelong C. eternal D. lasting14. Charles _____ to the rope his would-be rescuers had thrown to him.A. heldB. graspedC. grippedD. clung15. This revived all my _______ love of scienceA. wondrousB. passionateC. intensiveD. enthusiastic16. He is doing an _______ course in physics.A. intenseB. internalC. instantD. intensive17. I don't care what you do about your job; it's no ______ of mine.A. importanceB. matterC. concernD. subject18. He was disappointed by his result, but he is now ______ to having to retake the exam.A. composedB. submittedC. reconciledD. supposed19. Americans ______ with but one primitive bathroom on each floor revolted in horror.A. facingB. confrontedC. threatenedD. confused20. Giving presents at Christmas is ______ in the West.A. an institutionB. a habitC. a ruleD. a law1. Samsung, with a capitalisation as high as $57bn, has grown as one of the world’s most powerful technology companies inrecent years.A. moneyB. wealthC. profitD. turnover2. He just laughed, and dismissed the idea as unimportant.A. treatedB. judgedC. estimatedD. supposed3. His new book received accolades from the papers.A. criticismB. stressC. underestimationD. strong praise4. He embraced at once my offer to employ him.A. took willinglyB. refusedC. dismissedD. laughed at5. You should have bought the shares a month ago, and now you’ve missed the party.A. been slowB. lost a good chanceC. failedD. wasted the money6. He is a very versatile performer; he can act, sing, dance and play the piano.A. goodB. skilfulC. giftedD. emotional7. The high IQ sets him apart from other children as an infant prodigy.A. puts him apartB. places him apartC. brings him apartD. makes him outstanding8. Though he is a famous writer, his new book, we can only say, is prosaic.A. pedestrianB. annoyingC. dullD. not so good9. The stream eroded a channel in the solid rock.A. brokeB. destroyedC. corrodedD. corrupted10. The actor coasted to stardom on his father’s name.A. gotB. roseC. reachedD. attained sth. without any effort11. A medal was ______ to him for his good conduct.A. givenB. awardedC. judgedD. empowered12. The Harry Potter and The Order of The Phoenix hasbecome the most ______ book.A. welcomedB. sought-after high streetC. good-sellingD. best-sold13. In the Asian financial crisis, many companies ______ their expenditures.A saved B. dismissedC. retrenchedD. shunted14. In some cases, in order to temper the children, the parents should ______.A. leave themselves to their own devicesB. give them no adviceC. give them some adviceD. let them exercise themselves15. "Made in China", once was regarded as the nick-name of cheap ______, is now becoming more innovative and desirable on the world market.C. second-hand productsD. low-end goods16. Their small protest ______ a mass demonstration.A. broughtB. touchedC. triggeredD. raised17. Their salaries were ______ when business became bad.A. increasedB. decreasedC. kept steadyD. slashed18. The interest of all the students ______ upon the New Year celebration.A. convergedB. was alikeC. was differentD. was similar19. Loyal friends are a person’s ______ in time of trouble.A. helpB. supportC. mainstayD. base20. A saying goes like this: out of a ______, one can draw the most beautiful paintings.A. drawing boardB. canvasC. painted scrollD. blank canvasUnit 111. More and more overseas students are coming back to China to develop their careers; this will definitely increase the Chinese competitive edge over other countries.A. attractionB. researchC. advantageD. partnership2. Tryouts for community orchestras are frequently judged by committees.A. PerformancesB. AdvertisementsC. NoveltiesD. Auditions3. Political cartoons often convey messages by mocking a particular type of personality or institution.A. entertainingB. ignoringC. drawingD. ridiculing4. The Ford Foundation is one of the world’s wealthiest philanthropic organizations.A. multi-nationalB. governmentalC. profligateD. humanitarian5. What may be considered courteous in one culture may be interpreted as arrogant in another.A. clumsyB. sleazyC. surlyD. flimsy6. Rival traditions of acting have coexisted in western theater since antiquity.A. MyriadB. RudimentaryC. StylisticD. Conflicting7. Failure to limit the expansion of the industry will eventually lead to its collapse.A. reductionB. drawbackC. destructionD. downfall8. We all appreciate his acute perception of other people’s emotions.A. insightB. intentionC. distinctionD. understanding9. In order to win the presidential election, the candidates vie with each other in recruiting a team of the brightest minds available.A.summoningB. congesting10. The reproductive potential of aphids ( 蚜虫) unmatched in the insect world.A. unqualifiedB. unparalleledC. unrecognizedD. underestimated11. Opponents of our tax program argue that it discourages ______from trying new fields of business activity.A. geologistsB. sportsmenC. mediatorsD. entrepreneurs12. The headmaster had been trying for years to_____ money for a new science laboratory.A. IncreaseB. contributeC. raiseD. collect13. I am afraid the old man won’t live much longer; he seems to have________ the struggle.A. given inB. given upC. given offD. given away14. The Spanish pianist who has been praised very highly___ to be a great disappointment.A. turned upB. turned inC. turned downD. turned out15. Because the_____ of such writing is important, we expect the familiar essayist to work by instruction, to be subtle instead of obvious.A. noteB. tuneC. rhythmD. tone16. After the concert, the clean-up crew found the campus_____ with candy wrappers, bottles and cans.A. scrubbedB. scatteredC. litteredD. dispersed17. She tried to______ all the money she spent when she was studying abroad.A. get hold ofB. catch on toC. bring forward toD. keep track of18. Man’s understanding and his mastering of matter and energy______ his claim to superiority, provide him with the basis for enriching and deepening human experience.A. designateB. justifyC. deserveD. illustrate19. Some of the most important concepts in physics_____ their success to these mathematical systems.A. oweB. obligeC. contributeD. attribute20. There was a great deal of______ about the cabinet shakeup.A. speculationB. prosecutionC. detectionD. publicationUnit 121. The club's code of dress requires men to wear ties at dinner.A. signalB. letterC. numberD. Rule2. He is exempt from military service because of his poor eyesight.A. protected byB. freed fromC. provided forD. ruled in3. This commercial statute of fair competition is often broken.A. statusB. statueC. regulationD. registerA. lostB. grewC. developedD. seized5. The incessant noise whistles kept me awake all night.A. incentiveB. never stoppingC. RepetitiousD. rampant6. The passengers on the disabled ship were in great peril.A. fearB. despairC. dangerD. inconvenience7. The President's enemies are spreading rumors to undermine his authority.A. preventB. prevailC. wipe outD. weaken8. Your compliance with his request pleased your father.A. refusalB. cooperationC. connectionD. obedience9. He told us an amusing anecdote of the President's childhood.A. a short storyB. rumorC. legendD. hearsay10. The director of this play has took liberties with Shakespeare's writing.A. thought little ofB. learned by heartC. thought no end ofD. changed ...freely11. You needn’t ask him to come; he’ll come _____.A. in no timeB. subsequentlyC. as a matter of courseD. instead12. The baby seems content, he must have ____ his new nursemaid.A. taken toB. taken afterC. taken fromD. taken in13. Modern industry _____ opportunities for young men with imagination.A. providesB. hasC. leavesD. abounds in14. The little boy _____ his father by begging over and over to go to the zoo.A. plaguedB. teasedC. worriedD. hurt15. Don’t try to _____ of doing that difficult job because it isa good chance to chasten you.A. delayB. duck outC. scornD. deprive16. He received a _____ wound soon after the battle began, and died two days later in a hospital.A. mortalB. moralC. curativeD. slight17. Measles is a(n) _____ disease. Whenever it occurs, children should be kept from going to public places.A. seriousB. infectiousC. chronicD. acute18. The children _____ the forest because they did not want to go through it.A. skirtedB. were afraid ofC. dislikedD. took a devious route19. Shelley may not have lived a blameless life, but that does not _____ his achievement as a poet.A. add toB. take fromC. contribute toD. support20. All questions about the future of mankind will be ______ unless we take measures to protect the natural environment on the earth.A. disquietingB. satisfied第四单元1.这些年轻的工人技术员具备我们能希望他们有的一切条件。

研究生英语精读教程（第三版上）Unit 41. She was in anguish until she knew that her husband's life was saved.B. great regretC. great despairD. great disappointment2. I have nothing but disdain for such a person.A. respectB. hatredC. dislike3. The grass was interspersed with beds of flowers.A. scattered4. I am sure disease must propagate in such unsanitary and crowded areas.A. release C. promote D. generate5. There was a meager attendance at the council meeting.B. enoughC. ampleD. haughty6. The end of 1921 found the capitalist offensive against the workers in full swing.A. negotiationB. punishmentC. struggle7. We can't rule out the possibility that he will come after all. B. refuse C. acceptD. take8. John was confined to bed for a week with his cold.A. allowed in C. tied to D. shut on9. We three were the sole survivors in the traffic accident.A. luckyB. fortunateC. blessed10. I slept through her dull speech.A. dozing C. fascinating D. imaginative11. I have been in _________ with him about the matter.A. lettersB. dealingsC. writings12. I could hear only __________ of their conversation.A. piecesB. slips D. portions13. The old lady ______ the sweet-smelling flowers into a garland. A. tied C. curvedD. twisted14. A ______ man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.B. prudentC. shrewdD. rude15. Most bacteria grow best in a slightly acid ______.A. areaB. placeC. district16. Everyone knows that the firefly is a _____ insect.A. firingB. lighting D. glowing17. Sports, and not learning, seem to ______ in that school. A. appear B. occupy D. lead18. Each chess player will have five minutes to ______ his next move. A. make B. have C. take19. This time they really ______ better results.A. hoped C. wished D. wished to20. ______ came of his success abroad.C. WordsD. The wordUnit 51. His beautiful writing is akin to drawing.A. asB. fromC. above2. His knowledge on the subject seems to be on a par with my own. A. different fromC. related toD. in accordance with3. Tom and Mary were married a week after they met and soon found themselves at odds about religion.4. The inventor was vilified in yesterday's newspaper.A. abused C. praised D. criticized5. The Mississippi flood of 1973 was a major catastrophe in which a great many lives were lost.A. casualty C. change D. threat6. She almost yielded to an unexpected impulse to dance in the street. A. urgent desireC. good ideaD. fancy thought7. Mr. Green posed as a rich man though he owed more than he owned.A. workedB. lookedB. IllnessC. troubleD. ailment9. Some people have a bias against foreigners.B. dislikeC. hatredD. favour10. Your stay abroad will give you ample opportunities to learn a new language.A. goodB. suitableC. proper11. The dark clouds suggest a(n) ______ storm.B. surprisingC. fastD. unexpected12. Since the club owed $15 and had only $10 in the treasury, there was a ______ of $5.A. sum C. difference D. surplus13. The oil lamp ______ softly on the table.A. glowedB. lighted D. sounded14. It ______ with you to decide.A. talksB. refers D. indicates15. He ______ among the best heavyweight boxers of the past fifty years.A. projectsB. showsC. displays16. The constant turmoil in the office proved that he was an ______ administrator.A. able C. experienced D. active17. The mother tried to ______ her son’s interest in music by taking him to concerts when he was young.A. giveB. show D. cause18. No matter how you read it, this sentence doesn’t make any __. A. meaning B. sound C.progress19. I tried to find my keys but I was ______ by my thick gloves. A. helped C. annoyedD. upset20. To our grief, he became ______ to the drug.B. interestedC. amusedD. disturbedUnit61. The patient clenched the arms of the dentist's chair.B. touchedC. placed onD. pressed2. The retiring professor was exalted by his colleague.A. criticized D. examined3. All the tourists were impressed by the amazing grandeur of Niagara Falls.A. power C. speed D. height4. We stared in awe at the president himself.B. concernC. satisfactionD. envy5. The term “paper”is a little misleading when you consider the strength and endurance of the construction material.B. uniqueC. elementD. current status6. When the moon wanes, it changes from the full to the new phase.7. Edward Ⅷrelinquished his throne to marry Mrs. Simpson.8. The teacher had unusual insight into children’s emotions and knew clearly how to treat them.9. Have you seen the new edifice of Elm Street?10. Property on which money has been lent is redeemed when the loan is paid back.D. discharged11. She practiced the speech until her delivery and timing were completely ______.A. faulty12. He is an honest person. His actions are always ______ his words.A. contradictory toB. contradicted byC. agreed with13. They called for "immediate, absolute, ______ separation from the North" and elected their own president, Jefferson Davis.friendly B. lifelong D. lasting14. Charles _____ to the rope his would-be rescuers had thrown to him.A. heldB. graspedC. gripped15. This revived all my _______ love of scienceD. enthusiastic16. He is doing an _______ course in physics.A. intenseB. internalC. instant17. I don't care what you do about your job; it's no ______ of mine.D. subject18. He was disappointed by his result, but he is now ______ to having to retake the exam.D. supposed19. Americans ______ with but one primitive bathroom on each floor revolted in horror.A. facing20. Giving presents at Christmas is ______ in the West.D. a law1.这些年轻的工人技术员具备我们能希望他们有的一切条件。

研究生英语精读教程（下）答案Unit 2Exercise AI．Comprehension1．The distinction between active and passive euthanasia is clear．In the former case，some direct action is taken(for example，lethal injection is given．) to help finishing the patient’s unbearable pain for good，while in the latter，no direct action is taken，merely letting the patient die．2．The attitude of AMA is somewhat contradictory．First，it states that mercy killing is contrary to what the medical profession stands and also to its own policy．But then it goes on to say that the advice and judgment of the doctor should be available to the patient and／or his family．3．A lethal injection is one which can“kill”the patient immediately．The author thinks that once the decision not to prolong the patient's agony is made，to give him a lethal injection is the best choice．Otherwise the patient will suffer more rather than less．4．The most painful thing to do for a surgeon is to stand by and watch a savable baby die because his very duty is to use the scalpel to fight off death．5．Some people are opposed to all kinds of euthanasia because they believe that all people have the right to live．6．The author believes that the reason to let the baby die is only an excuse．And the real reason is that the child has Down's syndrome because the operation is very simple．7．No，killing someone is not morally worse than letting someone die．(An example is omitted．) 8．What the doctor does in active euthanasia is only for humane reasons．In a civil case of killing，however，the person acts from the motive of personal gain．That's the main difference．9．Mercy killing and conventional euthanasia are the same thing，because in both cases the passive part the doctor plays is emphasized．10．The attitude of AMA in its statement is contradictory．First，it forbids mercy killing, but then it goes on to deny that the cessation of treatment is the intentional termination of life．This is where the mistake is made, for the former is none other than the 1atter．Ⅱ．Vocabulary1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．A6．C 7．C 8．D 9．A 10．D11．B 12．B 13：D 14．D 15．B16．C 17．A 18．D 19．A 20．DⅢ．Cloze1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C6．A 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B11．D 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．CⅣ．TranslationA．没有一个年轻人相信他是要死的。

UNIT 11.你对他说的话不能为你这种行为辩护。

(justify)2.你认为他会因为同主教的私人关系而免受宗教迫害吗? (immune from)3.你对心理医生的忠告采取什么态度会影响到你是否会再做恶梦。

(recur)4.乐观主义者成功的秘诀在于他们是用积极的态度对待失望和失败。

5.悲观主义者往往容易失败，部分原因就是一个人对自己的看法常常是一种能够自我实现的预言。

(in part)6.在幼儿的性格特征没有来得及发展之前，他们的行为不如大多数成年人的行为那样保持一致(consistent)。

一个儿童行为的改变，可能表明他的注意力已因其活动特点的不同而转变。

他的兴趣总是集中在手头的事情上。

个性坚强、兴趣强烈的人能够坚持把自己正在做的事进行下去，只有重大的环境变化才能干扰其行为的方向和目的。

1. What you said to him can hardly justify such conduct of yours.
2. Do you think he would be immune from religious persecution by reason of his personal relation with the Bishop?3. Your attitude towards the advice of the psychiatrist will affect whether or not your bad dream recurs.4.The secret to the success of optimists is that they deal with disappointments and failures in apositive way. 5.The reason that a pessimist tends to fail is, in part, that a person’s opinion about himself is often aself-fulfilling prophecy. 6.In very young children, before traits have had much chance to develop, behaviour is lessconsistentthan it is in most adults.A child’s changing behaviour may show his changing concern with different features of his activity. His interest always focuses on the business at hand.The person with strong traits and interestspersists in what he is doing.Only a major situational change can disturb the direction or purpose of his behaviour.UNIT 21.那个政客以许多事实和数字作为武器。

Unit OneYou Are What You ThinkAnd if you change your mind—from pessimism to optimism—you can change your life 你认为自己是什么样的人，那你就是什么样的人如果你改变想法——从悲观变为乐观——你就可以改变自己的生活Claipe Safran 卡勒普·撒弗兰[ 1 ] Do you see the glass as half full rather than half empty? Do you keep your eye upon the doughnut, not upon the hole? Suddenly these clichés are scientific questions, as researchers scrutinize the power of positive thinking.[1] 你看酒杯是半杯有酒而不是半杯空着的吗？你的眼睛是盯着炸面圈，而不是它中间的孔吗? 当研究者们仔细观察积极思维的作用时，这些陈词滥调突然间都成了科学问题。

[ 2] A fast-growing body of research—104 studies so far, involving some 15 000 people—is proving that optimism can help you to be happier, healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to hopelessness, sickness and failure, andis linked to depression, loneliness and painful shyness. "If we could teach people to think more positively," says psychologist Craig A. Anderson of Rice University in Houston，"it would be like inoculating them against these mental ills."[2]迅速增多的大量研究工作——迄今已有 104 个研究项目，涉及大约 15 000人——证明乐观的态度可以使你更快乐、更健康、更成功。