工业用钢铁材料 Iron & Alloyed Steel
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一、钢铁【钢铁】英文:iron and steel钢铁是铁与C(碳)、Si(硅)、Mn(锰)、P(磷)、S(硫)以及少量的其他元素所组成的合金。
其中除Fe(铁)外,C的含量对钢铁的机械性能起着主要作用,故统称为铁碳合金。
它是工程技术中最重要、用量最大的金属材料。
碳素钢碳素钢是指钢中除铁、碳外,还含有少量锰、硅、硫、磷等元素的铁碳合金,钢铁的分类:1.碳素钢按化学成分(即以含碳量)可分为低碳钢、中碳钢和高碳钢。
(1) 低碳钢又称软钢,含碳量从0.10%至0.25%低碳钢易于接受各种加工如锻造,焊接和切削,常用于制造链条,铆钉,螺栓,轴等。
(2) 中碳钢碳量0.25%~0.60%的碳素钢。
有镇静钢、半镇静钢、沸腾钢等多种产品。
除碳外还可含有少量锰(0.70%~1.20%)。
按产品质量分为普通碳素结构钢和优质碳素结构钢。
热加工及切削性能良好,焊接性能较差。
强度、硬度比低碳钢高,而塑性和韧性低于低碳钢。
可不经热处理,直接使用热轧材、冷拉材,亦可经热处理后使用。
淬火、回火后的中碳钢具有良好的综合力学性能。
能够达到的最高硬度约为HRC55(HB538),σb为600~1100MPa。
所以在中等强度水平的各种用途中,中碳钢得到最广泛的应用,除作为建筑材料外,还大量用于制造各种机械零件。
(3)高碳钢常称工具钢,含碳量从0.60%至1.70%,可以淬硬和回火。
锤,撬棍等由含碳量0.75%的钢制造;切削工具如钻头,丝攻,铰刀等由含碳量0.90% 至1.00% 的钢制造。
2.按钢的品质分⑴普通钢钢中含杂质元素较多,含硫量ws一般≤O.05%,含磷量wP≤0.045%,如碳素结构钢、低合金结构钢等⑵优质钢钢中含杂质元素较少,含硫及磷量ws、wp,一般均≤0.04%,如优质碳素结构钢、合金结构钢、碳素工具钢和合金工具钢、弹簧钢、轴承钢等⑶高级优质钢钢中含杂质元素极少,含硫量ws一般≤O.03%,含磷量wP≤0.035%,如合金结构钢和工具钢等。
(A)钢铁材料一.金属材料分类:1.钢铁:1.1纯铁(Pure iron):含碳量0.02% 以下1.2钢(Steel ):含碳量0.02~2.0%(一般在1.5%以下)1.3生(铸)铁(iron ):含碳量2.0% 以上(一般在2.5~4.0%)2.非铁:铜、铝、镁、锡、铅、锌、银、金-----等二.主要钢材种类:1.热轧钢板:1.1一般软钢(SPHC、SPHD、SPHE)1.2汽车结构用钢(SAPH310、SAPH370、SAPH400、SAPH440)1.3一般结构用钢(SS400)2.冷轧钢板:2.1一般软钢(SPCC、SPCD、SPCEN)2.2汽车用高强度钢(CF370R、CF390R)3.镀面钢板:3.1电气镀锌钢板(SECC、SECD、SECEN)3.2热浸镀锌钢板 (SGCC 、SGCD 、SGHC) 3.3锌铁合金钢板 (PZA 、JAC270) 3.4锌镍合金钢板 (ZLC 、ZLD 、ZLEN) 3.5镀铝钢板 (CQT1、DQT1、SA1C 、SA1E) 3.6镀铅锡钢板 (TC 、TD 、TEN) 3.7珐琅脱碳钢板 (SPP) 3.8彩色钢板 (CGCC)三.热轧软钢:1.C :一般品级 (Commercial Quality)D :冲压品级 (Drawing Quality):冷轧 (Cold Rolled) :热轧 (Hot Rolled)(Plate)E :深冲品级 (Deep Drawing Quality)2.热轧产品表面品级分类:3.热轧产品分类:3.1一般软钢:(SPHC、SPHD、SPHE)(1)SPHC:适用于一般成型、弯曲、浅冲、熔接之零组件,表面无特别要求者,例支撑架、角钢、梁架、喇叭华司等。
(2)SPHD:适用于冲压加工成型性较高,而SPHC无法胜任之零组件,例轮胎钢圈、车门内板零组件、座位滑板、瓦斯钢瓶等。
(3)SPHE:铝脱氧全净钢,具有更佳的成型加工性及非时效性,适用于深冲成型之零组件,例内叶子板、汽车缓冲器、压缩机外壳。
钢铁工业中英文词汇表iron and steel industry 钢铁工业ironworks 铁厂foundry 铸造车间steelworks, steel mill 钢厂coking plant 炼焦厂electrometallurgy 电冶金学powder metallurgy 粉末冶金学blast furnace 鼓风炉mouth, throat 炉口hopper, chute 料斗stack 炉身belly 炉腰bosh 炉腹crucible 炉缸slag tap 放渣口taphole 出铁口,出渣口pig bed 铸床mould 铸模 (美作:mold)tuyere, nozzle 风口ingot mould 锭模 (美作:ingot mold) floor 平台hearth 炉底charger 装料机ladle 铁水包,钢水包dust catcher 除尘器washer 洗涤塔converter 转炉hoist 卷扬机compressor 压缩机tilting mixer 可倾式混铁炉regenerator 蓄热室heat exchanger 热交换器gas purifier 煤气净化器turbocompressor 涡轮压缩机burner 烧嘴cupola 化铁炉,冲天炉emptier 排空装置trough 铁水沟,排渣沟skip 料车rolling mill 轧机,轧钢机blooming mill 初轧机roller 辊bed 底座rolling-mill housing 轧机机架drawbench 拔管机,拉丝机drawplate 拉模板shaft furnace 竖炉refining furnace 精炼炉reverberatory furnace 反射炉hearth furnace 床式反射炉firebrick lining 耐火砖衬retort 反应罐muffle 马弗炉roof, arch 炉顶forge 锻造press 压锻pile hammer 打桩锤drop hammer 落锤die 拉模blowlamp 吹炬 (美作:blowtorch) crusher 破碎机iron ore 铁矿石coke 焦炭bauxite 铁钒土alumina 铝cryolite 冰晶石flux 熔剂limestone flux 石灰石溶剂haematite 赤铁矿 (美作:hematite) gangue 脉石cast iron 铸铁cast iron ingot 铸铁锭slag 炉渣soft iron 软铁pig iron 生铁wrought iron 熟铁iron ingot 铁锭puddled iron 搅炼熟铁round iron 圆铁scrap iron 废铁steel 钢crude steel 粗钢mild steel, soft steel 软钢,低碳钢hard steel 硬钢cast steel 坩埚钢,铸钢stainless steel 不锈钢electric steel 电工钢,电炉钢high-speed steel 高速钢moulded steel 铸钢refractory steel 热强钢,耐热钢alloy steel 合金钢plate, sheet 薄板corrugated iron 瓦垅薄钢板tinplate, tin 马口铁finished product 成品,产品semifinished product 半成品,中间产品ferrous products 铁制品coiled sheet 带状薄板bloom 初轧方坯metal strip, metal band 铁带,钢带billet 坯锭,钢坯shavings 剃边profiled bar 异型钢材shape, section 型钢angle iron 角钢frit 烧结wire 线材ferronickel 镍铁elinvar 镍铬恒弹性钢ferrite 铁氧体,铁醇盐cementite 渗碳体,碳化铁pearlite 珠光体charging, loading 装料,炉料fusion, melting, smelting 熔炼remelting 再熔化,重熔refining 精炼casting 出铁to cast 出铁tapping 出渣,出钢,出铁to insufflate, to inject 注入heating 加热preheating 预热tempering 回火temper 回火hardening 淬水annealing 退火reduction 还原cooling 冷却decarbonization, decarburization 脱碳coking 炼焦slagging, scorification 造渣carburization 渗碳case hardening 表面硬化cementation 渗碳fritting, sintering 烧结puddling 搅炼pulverization 粉化,雾化nitriding 渗氮alloy 合金floatation, flotation 浮选patternmaking 制模moulding 成型 (美作:molding)calcination 煅烧amalgamation 汞齐化rolling 轧制drawing 拉拔extrusion 挤压wiredrawing 拉丝stamping, pressing 冲压die casting 拉模铸造forging 锻造turning 车削milling 铣削machining, tooling 加工autogenous welding, fusion welding 氧炔焊arc welding 电弧焊electrolysis 电解trimming 清理焊缝blowhole 气孔材料科学 Material Science材料科学定义 Material Science Definition加工性能 Machinability强度 Strength抗腐蚀及耐用 Corrosion & resistance durability金属特性 Special metallic features抗敏感及环境保护 Allergic, re-cycling & environmental protection化学元素 Chemical element元素的原子序数 Atom of Elements原子及固体物质 Atom and solid material原子的组成、大小、体积和单位图表 The size, mass, charge of an atom, and is particles (Pronton,Nentron and Electron)原子的组织图 Atom Constitutes周期表 Periodic Table原子键结 Atom Bonding金属与合金 Metal and Alloy铁基合金 Ferrous Alloy铁及非铁金属 Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal金属的特性 Features of Metal晶体结构 Crystal Pattern晶体结构,定向格子及单位晶格 Crystal structure, Space lattice & Unit cellX线结晶分析法 X – ray crystal analyics method金属材料的试验方法 The Method of Metal inspection不破坏检验 Non – destructive inspections渗透探伤法 Penetrate inspection磁粉探伤法 Magnetic particle inspection放射线探伤法 Radiographic inspection超声波探伤法 Ultrasonic inspection显微观察法 Microscopic inspection破坏的检验 Destructive Inspection冲击测试 Impact Test疲劳测试 Fatigue Test金属结晶格子 Metal space lattice格子常数 Lattice constant米勒指数 Mill's Index金相及相律 Metal Phase and Phase Rule固熔体 Solid solution置换型固熔体 Substitutional type solid solution插入型固熔体 Interstital solid solution金属间化物 Intermetallic compound金属变态 Transformation变态点 Transformation Point磁性变态 Magnetic Transformation同素变态 Allotropic Transformation合金平衡状态 Thermal Equilibrium相律 Phase Rule自由度 Degree of freedom临界温度 Critical temperture共晶 Eutectic包晶温度 Peritectic Temperature包晶反应 Peritectic Reaction包晶合金 Peritectic Alloy亚共晶体 Hypoeutetic Alloy过共晶体 Hyper-ectectic Alloy金属塑性 Plastic Deformation滑动面 Slip Plan畸变 Distortion硬化 Work Hardening退火 Annealing回复柔软 Crystal Recovery再结晶 Recrystallization金属材料的性能及试验 Properties & testing of metal化学性能 Chemical Properties物理性能 Physical Properties磁性 Magnetisum比电阻 Specific resistivity & specific resistance比重 Specific gravity & specific density比热 Specific Heat热膨胀系数 Coefficient of thermal expansion导热度 Heat conductivity机械性能 Mechanical properties屈服强度(降伏强度) (Yield strangth)弹性限度、阳氏弹性系数及屈服点 elastic limit, Yeung's module of elasticity to yield point 伸长度 Elongation断面缩率 Reduction of area钢铁的主要成份 The major element of steel钢铁用"碳"之含量来分类 Classification of Steel according to Carbon contents铁相 Steel Phases钢铁的名称 Name of steel纯铁体 Ferrite渗碳体 Cementitle奥氏体 Austenite珠光体及共释钢 Pearlite &Eutectoid 奥氏体碳钢 Austenite Carbon Steel 单相金属 Single Phase Metal共释变态 Eutectoid Transformation 珠光体 Pearlite亚铁释体 Hyppo-Eutectoid初释纯铁体 Pro-entectoid ferrite 过共释钢 Hype-eutectoid珠光体 Pearlite粗珠光体 Coarse pearlite中珠光体 Medium pearlite幼珠光体 Fine pearlite马氏体 mainite贝氏体 bainite物料科学Material Science物料科学定义Material Science Definition加工性能Machinability强度Strength抗腐蚀及耐用Corrosion & resistance durability金属特性Special metallic features抗敏感及环境保护Allergic, re-cycling & environmental protection化学元素Chemical element元素的原子序数Atom of Elements原子及固体物质Atom and solid material原子的组成、大小、体积和单位图表The size, mass, charge of an atom, and is particles (Pronton,Nentron and Electron) 原子的组织图Atom Constitutes周期表Periodic Table原子键结Atom Bonding金属与合金 Metal and Alloy铁及非铁金属Ferrous & Non Ferrous Metal金属的特性Features of Metal晶体结构 Crystal Pattern晶体结构,定向格子及单位晶格Crystal structure, Space lattice & Unit cellX 线结晶分析法X – ray crystal analyics method金属结晶格子 Metal space lattice格子常数 Lattice constant米勒指数 Mill's Index金相及相律 Metal Phase and Phase Rule固熔体 Solid solution置换型固熔体 Substitutional type solid solution插入型固熔体 Interstital solid solution金属间化物 Intermetallic compound金属变态Transformation变态点Transformation Point磁性变态Magnetic Transformation同素变态Allotropic Transformation合金平衡状态Thermal Equilibrium相律Phase Rule自由度Degree of freedom临界温度Critical temperture共晶Eutectic包晶温度 Peritectic Temperature包晶反应 Peritectic Reaction包晶合金 Peritectic Alloy亚共晶体 Hypoeutetic Alloy过共晶体 Hyper-ectectic Alloy金属的相融、相融温度、晶体反应及合金在共晶合金、固熔孻共晶合金及偏晶反应的比较Equilibrium Comparision金属塑性 Plastic Deformation滑动面 Slip Plan畸变 Distortion硬化 Work Hardening退火 Annealing回复柔软 Crystal Recovery再结晶 Recrystallization金属材料的性能及试验Properties & test ing of metal化学性能Chemical Properties物理性能Physical Properties颜色Colour磁性Magnetisum比电阻Specific resistivity & specific resistance比重Specific gravity & specific density比热Specific Heat热膨胀系数Coefficient of thermal expansion导热度Heat conductivity机械性能 Mechanical properties屈服强度(降伏强度) (Yield strangth)弹性限度、阳氏弹性系数及屈服点elastic limit, Yeung's module of elasticity to yield point伸长度Elongation断面缩率Reduction of area金属材料的试验方法The Method of Metal inspection不破坏检验Non – destructive inspections渗透探伤法Penetrate inspection磁粉探伤法Magnetic particle inspection放射线探伤法Radiographic inspection超声波探伤法Ultrasonic inspection显微观察法Microscopic inspection破坏的检验Destructive Inspection冲击测试Impact Test疲劳测试Fatigue Test潜变测试 Creep Test潜变强度Creeps Strength第壹潜变期Primary Creep第二潜变期Secondary Creep第三潜变期Tertiary Creep主要金属元素之物理性质Physical properties of major Metal Elements工业标准及规格–铁及非铁金属Industrial Standard – Ferrous & Non – ferrous Metal磁力 Magnetic简介 General软磁 Soft Magnetic硬磁 Hard Magnetic磁场 Magnetic Field磁性感应 Magnetic Induction透磁度 Magnetic Permeability磁化率 Magnetic Susceptibility (Xm)磁力(Magnetic Force)及磁场(Magnetic Field)是因物料里的电子(Electron)活动而产生抗磁体、顺磁体、铁磁体、反铁磁体及亚铁磁体Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic, Ferromagnetism,Antiferromagnetism & Ferrimagnetism抗磁体 Diamagnetism磁偶极子 Dipole负磁力效应 Negative effect顺磁体 Paramagnetic正磁化率 Positive magnetic susceptibility铁磁体 Ferromagnetism转变元素 Transition element交换能量 Positive energy exchange外价电子 Outer valence electrons化学结合 Chemical bond自发上磁 Spontaneous magnetization磁畴 Magnetic domain相反旋转 Opposite span比较抗磁体、顺磁体及铁磁体Comparison of Diamagnetism, Paramagnetic & Ferromagnetism 反铁磁体 Antiferromagnetism亚铁磁体 Ferrimagnetism磁矩 magnetic moment净磁矩 Net magnetic moment钢铁的主要成份The major element of steel钢铁用"碳"之含量来分类Classification of Steel according to Carbon contents铁相Steel Phases钢铁的名称Name of steel纯铁体Ferrite渗碳体Cementitle奥氏体 Austenite珠光体及共释钢Pearlite &Eutectoid奥氏体碳钢Austenite Carbon Steel单相金属Single Phase Metal共释变态Eutectoid Transformation珠光体 Pearlite亚铁释体Hyppo-Eutectoid初释纯铁体 Pro-entectoid ferrite过共释钢 Hype-eutectoid珠光体Pearlite粗珠光体 Coarse pearlite中珠光体 Medium pearlite幼珠光体 Fine pearlite磁性变态点 Magnetic Transformation钢铁的制造Manufacturing of Steel连续铸造法 Continuous casting process电炉 Electric furnace均热炉 Soaking pit全静钢 Killed steel半静钢 Semi-killed steel沸腾钢(未净钢) Rimmed steel钢铁生产流程 Steel Production Flow Chart钢材的熔铸、锻造、挤压及延轧The Casting, Fogging, Extrusion, Rolling & Steel熔铸 Casting锻造 Fogging挤压 Extrusion延轧 Rolling冲剪 Drawing & stamping特殊钢 Special Steel简介General特殊钢以原素分类Classification of Special Steel according to Element特殊钢以用途来分类Classification of Special Steel according to End Usage易车(快削)不锈钢Free Cutting Stainless Steel含铅易车钢Leaded Free Cutting Steel含硫易车钢Sulphuric Free Cutting Steel硬化性能Hardenability钢的脆性Brittleness of Steel低温脆性 Cold brittleness回火脆性 Temper brittleness日工标准下的特殊钢材Specail Steel according to JIS Standard铬钢–日工标准 JIS G4104Chrome steel to JIS G4104铬钼钢钢材–日工标准 G4105 62Chrome Molybdenum steel to JIS G4105镍铬–日工标准 G4102 63Chrome Nickel steel to JIS G4102镍铬钼钢–日工标准 G4103 64Nickel, Chrome & Molybdenum Steel to JIS G4103高锰钢铸–日工标准High manganese steel to JIS standard片及板材Chapter Four-Strip, Steel & Plate冷辘低碳钢片(双单光片)(日工标准 JIS G3141) 73 - 95Cold Rolled (Low carbon) Steel Strip (to JIS G 3141)简介General美材试标准的冷辘低碳钢片Cold Rolled Steel Strip American Standard – American Society for testing and materials (ASTM)日工标准JIS G3141 冷辘低碳钢片(双单光片)的编号浅释Decoding of cold rolled(Low carbon)steel strip JIS G3141材料的加工性能 Drawing abillity硬度 Hardness表面处理 Surface finish冷辘钢捆片及张片制作流程图表Production flow chart cold rolled steel coil sheet冷辘钢捆片及张片的电镀和印刷方法Cold rolled steel coil & sheet electro-plating & painting method冷辘(低碳)钢片的分类用、途、工业标准、品质、加热状态及硬度表End usages, industrial standard, quality, condition and hardness of cold rolled steel strip硬度及拉力 Hardness & Tensile strength test拉伸测试(顺纹测试)Elongation test杯突测试(厚度: 0.4 公厘至1.6 公厘,准确至0.1 公厘 3 个试片平均数)Erichsen test (Thickness: 0.4mm to 1.6mm, figure round up to 0.1mm)曲面(假曲率)Camber厚度及阔度公差 Tolerance on Thickness & Width平坦度(阔度大于500 公厘,标准回火)Flatness (width>500mm, temper: standard)弯度 Camber冷辘钢片储存与处理提示General advice on handling & storage of cold rolled steel coil & sheet防止生锈Rust Protection生锈速度表Speed of rusting焊接 Welding气焊 Gas Welding埋弧焊 Submerged-arc Welding电阻焊 Resistance Welding冷辘钢片(拉力: 30-32 公斤/平方米)在没有表面处理状态下的焊接状况Spot welding conditions for bared (free from paint, oxides etc) Cold rolled mild steelsheets(T/S:30-32 Kgf/ μ m2)时间效应(老化)及拉伸应变Aging & Stretcher Strains日工标准(JIS G3141)冷辘钢片化学成份Chemical composition – cold rolled steel sheet to JIS G3141冷辘钢片的"理论重量"计算方程式Cold Rolled Steel Sheet – Theoretical mass日工标准(JIS G3141)冷辘钢片重量列表Mass of Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet to JIS G3141冷辘钢片订货需知Ordering of cold rolled steel strip/sheet其它日工标准冷轧钢片(用途及编号)JIS standard & application of other cold Rolled Special Steel电镀锌钢片或电解钢片Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet/Electrolytic Zinc Coated Steel Sheet简介General电解/电镀锌大大增强钢片的防锈能力Galvanic Action improving Weather & Corrosion Resistance of the Base Steel Sheet上漆能力 Paint Adhesion电镀锌钢片的焊接Welding of Electro-galvanized steel sheet点焊Spot welding滚焊Seam welding电镀锌(电解)钢片Electro-galvanized Steel Sheet生产流程Production Flow Chart常用的镀锌钢片(电解片)的基层金属、用途、日工标准、美材标准及一般厚度Base metal, application, JIS & ASTM standard, and Normal thickness of galvanized steel sheet锌镀层质量 Zinc Coating Mass表面处理 Surface Treatment冷轧钢片 Cold-Rolled Steel Sheet/Strip热轧钢片 Hot-Rolled Sheet/Strip电解冷轧钢片厚度公差Thickness Tolerance of Electrolytic Cold-rolled sheet热轧钢片厚度公差Thickness Tolerance of Hot-rolled sheet冷轧或热轧钢片阔度公差Width Tolerance of Cold or Hot-rolled sheet长度公差 Length Tolerance理论质量 Theoretical Mass锌镀层质量(两个相同锌镀层厚度)Mass Calculation of coating (For equal coating)/MM锌镀层质量(两个不同锌镀层厚度)Mass Calculation of coating (For differential coating)/MM镀锡薄铁片(白铁皮/马口铁) (日工标准 JIS G3303)简介General镀锡薄铁片的构造Construction of Electrolytic Tinplate镀锡薄钢片(白铁皮/马日铁)制造过程Production Process of Electrolytic Tinplate锡层质量Mass of Tin Coating (JIS G3303-1987)两面均等锡层Both Side Equally Coated Mass两面不均等锡层Both Side Different Thickness Coated Mass级别、电镀方法、镀层质量及常用称号Grade, Plating type, Designation of Coating Mass & Common Coating Mass 镀层质量标记Markings & Designations of Differential Coatings硬度 Hardness单相轧压镀锡薄铁片(白铁皮/马口铁)Single-Reduced Tinplate双相辗压镀锡薄钢片(马口铁/白铁皮)Dual-Reduction Tinplate钢的种类 Type of Steel表面处理 Surface Finish常用尺寸 Commonly Used Size电器用硅 [硅] 钢片 Electrical Steel Sheet简介 General软磁材料 Soft Magnetic Material滞后回线 Narrow Hystersis矫顽磁力 Coercive Force硬磁材料 Hard Magnetic Material最大能量积 Maximum Energy Product硅含量对电器用的低碳钢片的最大好处The Advantage of Using Silicon low Carbon Steel晶粒取向(Grain-Oriented)及非晶粒取向(Non-Oriented)Grain Oriented & Non-Oriented电器用硅 [硅] 钢片的最终用途及规格End Usage and Designations of Electrical Steel Strip电器用的硅 [硅] 钢片之分类Classification of Silicon Steel Sheet for Electrical Use电器用钢片的绝缘涂层Performance of Surface Insulation of Electrical Steel Sheets晶粒取向电器用硅钢片主要工业标准International Standard – Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Silicon Steel Sheet for Electrical Use晶粒取向电器用硅钢片 Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel晶粒取向,定取向芯钢片及高硼定取向芯钢片之磁力性能及夹层系数(日工标准及美材标准) Magnetic Properties and Lamination Factor of SI-ORIENT-CORE& SI-ORIENT-CORE-HI BElectrical Steel Strip (JIS and AISI Standard)。
钢铁的英语单词钢铁是铁与C(碳)、Si(硅)、Mn(锰)、P(磷)、S(硫)以及少量的其他元素所组成的合金。
其中除Fe(铁)外,C的含量对钢铁的机械性能起着主要作用,故统称为铁碳合金。
它是工程技术中最重要、也是最有最主要的,用量最大的金属材料。
那么你知道钢铁的英语单词是什么吗?下面来学习一下吧。
钢铁英语单词1:steel钢铁英语单词2:iron钢铁的英语例句:公司在钢铁和其他产品领域都有投资。
The company has interests in steel and other products.磁石能吸钢铁。
A magnet attracts steel.对欧洲钢铁工业为期3个月的考察研究A three-month study of European steel古老的悬臂钢铁桥The old steel cantilever bridge那个工厂需要大量钢铁以维持生产。
The factory is in great demand of steel to keep up production.在过去的两年中,那家钢铁厂一直提供给我们原材料。
The steel works has been supplying us with raw material in large quantities.越南试图通过提高钢铁进口关税来保护钢铁业。
Vietnam tried to protect the steel industry by raising the steel import tariff.当地政府和钢铁制造商携手以掌控钢铁价格。
The local government pooled the steel producer tomanipulate the steel price.他用钢铁般的心,钢铁般的意志去努力工作。
He works hard with his steely heart and his steely will.几周来,中国钢铁产量随着钢铁价格一路下滑。
6 钢铁材料铸铁cast iron 熟铁wrought iron电解铁electrolytic iron 白口铸铁white cast iron灰口铸铁grey cast iron 麻口铸铁mottled cast iron变性铸铁modified cast iron 孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron冷硬铸铁chilled cast iron 球墨铸铁nodular cast iron蠕墨铸铁vermicular cast iron 可锻铸铁malleable cast iron半可锻铸铁semi-malleable cast iron 奥氏体铸铁austenitic cast iron贝氏体铸铁bainitic cast iron 共晶白口铁eutectic white iron亚共晶白口铁hypoeutectic white iron 过共晶白口铁hypereutectic white iron结构钢constructional steel 软钢mild steel普通碳素钢plain carbon steel 正火钢normalized steel热轧钢hot rolled steel 高强度低合金钢high-strength low-alloy steel微合金钢micro-alloy steel 冷轧钢cold rolled steel深冲钢deep drawing steel 双相钢dual phase steel渗碳钢carburizing steel 渗氮钢nitriding steel调质钢quenched and tempered steel 超高强度钢ultra-high strength steel不锈钢stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainless steel 铁素体不锈钢ferritic stainless steel 马氏体不锈钢martensitic stainless steel 双相不锈钢duplex stainless steel 马氏体时效钢maraging steel耐蚀钢corrosion-resisting steel 耐热钢heat-resisting steel弹簧钢spring steel 易切削钢free-machining steel耐磨钢abrasion-resistant steel 工具钢tool steel高速钢high-speed steel 冷作模具钢cold-work die steel热作模具钢hot-work die steel 钢筋钢reinforced bar steel钢轨钢rail steel 轮箍钢type steel管线钢pipe line steel 锅炉钢boiler steel电工钢electrical steel。
DRI ( 直接还原铁)和HBI (热压铁块)的贸易和运输DRI ( Direct Reduced Iron) “直接还原铁”是一种高品质冶金产品(97%的纯铁含量)通过矿粉,球团或矿块同天然气或煤加热化学的还原反应中得到,反应温度比铁的溶点低。
相对高品位的铁矿作为填料。
矿粉可以直接应用,不需要烧结过程。
生产1吨的DRI,大概需要1.5吨的铁矿。
(一)直接还原法生产生铁直接还原法是指在低于熔化温度之下将铁矿石还原成海绵铁的炼铁生产过程,其产品为直接还原铁(即DRI),也称海绵铁。
该产品未经熔化,仍保持矿石外形,由于还原失氧形成大量气孔,在显微镜下观察团形似海绵而得名。
海绵铁的特点是含碳低(<1%),并保存了矿石中的脉石。
这些特性使其不宜大规模用于转炉炼钢,只适于代替废钢作为电炉炼钢的原料。
直接还原法分气基法和煤基法两大类。
前者是用天然气经裂化产出H2和CO气体,作为还原剂,在竖炉、罐式炉或流化床内将铁矿石中的氧化铁还原成海绵铁。
主要有Midrex法、HYL Ⅲ法、FIOR法等。
后者是用煤作还原剂,在回转窑、隧道窑等设备内将铁矿石中的氧化铁还原。
主要有FASMET法等。
直接还原法的优点有:(1)流程短,直接还原铁加电炉炼钢;(2)不用焦炭,不受炼焦煤短缺的影响;(3)污染少,取消了焦炉、烧结等工序;(4)海绵铁中硫、磷等有害杂质与有色金属含量低,有利于电炉冶炼优质钢种。
直接还原法的缺点有:(1)对原料要求较高:气基要有天然气;煤基要用灰熔点高、反应性好的煤;(2)海绵铁的价格一般比废钢要高。
直接还原法已有上百年的发展历史,但直到20世纪60年代才获得较大突破。
进入20世纪90年代,其生产工艺日臻成熟并获得长足发展。
其主要原因是:(1)天然气的大量开发利用,特别是高效率天然气转化法的采用,提供了适用的还原煤气,使直接还原法获得了来源丰富、价格相对便宜的新能源。
(2)电炉炼钢迅速发展以及冶炼多种优质钢的需要,大大扩展了对海绵铁的需求。
槽钢channel steel角钢angle steelc形钢C section steel工字形钢I-Steel方钢square steel圆钢round steel扁钢flat steel厘米centimeter毫米millimeterI-Section Steel Pile 工字型钢桩I-Steel 工字形钢; 窄边工字钢I-Steel Pile 工字型钢桩Inclusion In Steel 钢内夹杂Indented Steel Wire 齿纹钢丝Industrial Steel Window 工业厂房钢窗Ingot Steel 钢锭; 锭钢Inland Steel (美国) 内陆钢铁公司Instrument For Measuring Oxygen In Molten Steel 钢液定氧仪Integral (Drill) Steel 整体钢钎Integral Steel 整体钢钎Integrated Iron And Steel Works 综合性钢铁厂Intermediate Grade Steel 中级钢Internal Fixation With Steel Plate 钢板内固定术Invar Steel 殷钢Iron And Steel Base 钢铁基地Iron And Steel Casting 钢铁铸件Iron And Steel Company 钢铁公司Iron And Steel Industry 钢铁工业Iron And Steel Manufacture 钢铁制造Iron And Steel Material Shaped 钢铁型材Iron And Steel Plant 钢铁厂Iron And Steel Scrap 废钢铁Iron And Steel Sheet And Plate 钢铁板材Iron And Steel Sheet Piling 铁及钢板桩法凿井Iron And Steel Wire 钢铁丝材Iron And Steel Works 钢铁厂Iron-And-Steel Furnace 黑色金属冶金炉Irreversible Steel 不可逆钢carbon tool steel 碳素工具钢clad sheet 被覆板clod work die steel 冷锻模用钢emery 金钢砂ferrostatic pressure 钢铁水静压力forging die steel 锻造模用钢galvanized steel sheet 镀锌铁板hard alloy steel 超硬合金钢high speed tool steel 高速度工具钢hot work die steel 热锻模用钢low alloy tool steel 特殊工具钢low manganese casting steel 低锰铸钢marging steel 马式体高强度热处理钢martrix alloy 马特里斯合金meehanite cast iron 米汉纳铸钢meehanite metal 米汉纳铁merchant iron 市售钢材molybdenum high speed steel 钼系高速钢molybdenum steel 钼钢nickel chromium steel 镍铬钢prehardened steel 顶硬钢silicon steel sheet 矽钢板stainless steel 不锈钢tin plated steel sheet 镀锡铁板tough pitch copper 韧铜troostite 吐粒散铁tungsten steel 钨钢vinyl tapped steel sheet 塑胶覆面钢板本篇文章来源于百科全书转载请以链接形式注明出处网址:/jixiewaiyu/zhunyeyinyu/200910/1011671.htmlalloy tool steel 合金工具钢aluminium alloy 铝合金钢bearing alloy 轴承合金blister steel 浸碳钢bonderized steel sheet 邦德防蚀钢板本篇文章来源于百科全书转载请以链接形式注明出处网址:/jixiewaiyu/zhunyeyinyu/200910/1011671.htmlPlates shall be supplied in Normalized / Annealed condition(退火).钢板状态交货:正火或退火Plates shall be fully killed.钢板要求全镇静钢UTS shall not exceed 80000 psi.=Ultimate Tensile Strength极限抗拉强度不高于80000帕No negative tolerance on thickness.厚度没有下差Carbon content shall not be more than 0.23% maximum.碳含量最大0.23%Carbon equivalent: 0.45% Max for SA 516 Gr.60碳当量最大:0.45% 对应SA 516 Gr.600.4% Max for BS EN 10028-3, P275 NL2最大:0.4% 对应BS EN 10028-3, P275 NL2Impact Test temp. -46 deg.C冲击试验温度:零下46度V acuum degassing required for plates above 50 mm thk.50MM以上钢板要求抽真空(有点不理解)UT as per SA 578 Level 1.超声波探伤应按照SA 578 Level 1(一级标准)Inspection at Mill by : Lloyd's/BV/RWTUV由Lloyd's/BV/RWTUV在工厂进行检查One Heat Treatment as per CYCLE-1 (Mechanical properties to be tested after this heat treatment)一次淬火(按标准工艺1)后,需要检测机械性能- Two Heat Treatments as per CYCLE-1 (Mechanical properties to be tested after this heat treatment)二次淬火(按标准工艺2)后,需要检测机械性能For item nos. 3 & 7 above对于以上序号3和7的材料- One Heat Treatment as per CYCLE-1+ One Heat Treatment as per CYCLE-2 按工艺1一次热处理再按按工艺2一次热处理(Mechanical properties to be tested after this heat treatment)热处理后需要检测机械性能Heat Treatment Cycles are as given below:热处理过程工艺如下:CYCLE-1 :一次淬火Loading temp. : 300 deg C & under低于300度装炉Rate of heating : 80 ?100 deg C per hour max.升温速度:最高80~100度/小时Holding : 610 deg C +/- 10 deg C保温:610加减10度Soaking time : Time 60 minutes min.保温时间:最少60分钟Cooling : 80 to 100 deg C/hr max up to 300 deg C冷却方式:最快80~100度/小时冷却至300度出炉Below 300 deg C air-cooling.300度以下出炉空冷CYCLE-2 :二次淬火Loading temp : 200 deg C & under低于200度装炉Rate of heating : 80-100 deg C per hour max.升温速度:最高80~100度/小时Holding: 910 deg C +/- 10 deg C保温:910加减10度Soaking time: 1 hr/ inch of plate thickness but not less than ?hr保温时间:按每英寸厚度/小时计算,但不能低于小时。
生产钢铁所需要的原料一、原材料钢的源头是铁矿砂,即铁元素(Fe)在自然界中的存在形式,纯粹的铁在自然界中是不存在的,铁矿砂主要分为磁铁矿、赤铁矿、褐铁矿三种,这些都是铁的氧化物,不同之处在于它们的氧化方式。
铁矿砂中的含铁量越高越好,理论上铁矿砂中的最高含铁量在72%左右,含铁量在60%以上称为富铁矿。
铁矿砂先在熔炉内还原成铁(铣铁),再送入炼钢炉内脱碳精炼成钢,废钢也可在炼钢炉熔炼再生。
一般钢铁依使用用途制成性质、形状各异的商品,既所谓的钢铁制品。
通常钢铁制品是将铁矿石还原,熔解成铣铁(炼铣),铣铁精炼成钢(炼钢),钢再轧延、加工后制成各种钢铁制品,广义的钢铁制品包含铸铁、铸钢、锻造钢品及钢材加工的制品。
在讨论钢铁的原料之前,我们先要弄清楚,究竟钢和铁有什么不同?是否有不同的成份呢?在日常生活上大家总是把钢和铁联在一起称为“钢铁”,可见钢和铁应该是一种物质才对;事实上,由科学的眼光来看,钢和铁是有少许不同的,它们的主要成份都是铁元素,只是所含的碳元素量不同。
我们通常以碳的含量在2%以上的叫“生铁”,低于这个数值的叫“钢”。
因此,在冶炼钢铁的过程中,含铁的矿石先在鼓风炉(blast furnace)(高炉)中被冶炼成熔融生铁,而后熔融生铁再放到炼钢炉(steel making furnace)中精炼成钢。
生产钢铁所需要的原料分成四大类来分别讨论:第一类讨论的是各种含有铁质的矿石原料;第二类是煤和焦炭;第三类则讨论在冶炼的过程中用来制造熔碴(sl*g)的熔剂(或称助熔剂flux),如石灰石等;最后一类是各种辅助原料,如废钢料(scrap)、氧气等。
二、铁矿石种类及分布在理论上来说,凡是含有铁元素或铁化合物的矿石都可以叫做铁矿石。
但是,在工业上或者商业上来说,铁矿石不但是要含有铁的成份,而且必须有利用的价值才行。
可是,由于很难绝对性的判定一个矿石是否有利用价值,所以在工业上很难订立一个铁矿石的标准。
举例来说,欧洲所产的铁矿品质很差,而且含铁量很低,只是因为他们找不到好的矿石,所以他们就把这种矿石称为铁矿石;而澳洲目前因为品质好含铁量高的矿石存量很多,所以像欧洲所用的那种矿石在澳洲已经认为毫无价值。
2019年第2期总第277期铁合金FERRO-ALLOYS2019N O.2Tot277D01:10.16122/ki.issnl001-1943.2019.02.012钢铁工业对铁合金的质量要求及铁合金发展方向邸久海宋耀欣庞建明潘聪超罗林根(中国钢研新冶高科技集团有限公司北京中国100081)摘要介绍了铁合金在钢铁工业中的应用以及钢铁工业对铁合金的质量要求,提出铁合金产品多元化、纯净化、精品化,终产品制备技术先进化,生产装备水平智能化,铁合金生产的节能化、清洁化,以及铁合金科研投入加大 化、企业管理标准化发展是未来铁合金发展的重要方向。
关键词铁合金质量要求多元化纯净化智能化节能化清洁化标准化中图分类号TF662 文献标识码B 文章编号1001-1943(2019)02-0045-04QUALITY REQUIREMENTS AND DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS OF FERROALLOY IN IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRYDI Jiuhai, SONG Yaoxin, PANG Jianming, PAN Congchao, LUO Lingen (N ew Metallurgy Hi-Tech Group Co., Ltd., China Iron & Steel Research Institute Group, Beijing 100081, China) Abstract This article introduces the application of ferroalloy in iron and steel industry, and the quality requirements of ferroalloy in the iron and steel industry. It is pointed out that diversification, purification and quality of the ferroalloy ,advanced processing technology of final products, intelligent production equipment, energy-saving and clean ferroalloy production, increasing investment in ferroalloy scientific research and standardization of enterprise management are important directions for future development of ferroalloy.Keywords ferroalloy, quality requirement, diversification, purification, intelligent, energy saving, clean production, standardization刖S铁合金是基础原材料工业之一,主要用于钢铁 行业。
钢材各种英文叫法polished 抛光,water polished 水流(水压)抛光和handle polished 手工抛光Weld 焊接Stainless不锈的Steel钢Pipe管Tube管Outside diameter 外径Wall thickness内壁厚度Seamless pipes无缝管Polish抛光Pickling酸洗Corrosion-resistant防腐蚀Stainless steel round tubes不锈钢圆管Stainless steel square tubes不锈钢方管Rectangle tubes矩管Screwy tubes螺纹管Embossed tubes=empaistic tubes压花管FBizarre tubes异形管Tolerance公差Flat head平口steel钢Lcrude steel粗钢mild steel, soft steel 软钢,低碳钢hard steel 硬钢Hcast steel坩埚钢,铸钢stainless steel不锈钢Velectric steel电工钢,电炉钢high-speed steel高速钢moulded steel铸钢Orefractory steel热强钢,耐热钢alloy steel合金钢Frolling mill轧机,轧钢机heating 加热Hpreheating预热dtempering回火temper回火hardening淬水Zannealing退火reduction还原cooling冷却Erolling轧制zdrawing拉拔Rextrusion挤压bwiredrawing拉丝coiled sheet带状薄板bloom初轧方坯Wmetal strip, metal band铁带,钢带billet坯锭,钢坯shavings剃边profiled bar异型钢材shape, section型钢angle iron角钢plate, sheet薄板ferrite 铁素体waustenite奥氏体Nmartensite马氏体cementite 渗碳体iron carbide 渗碳体solid solution 固溶体sorbite 索氏体bainite 贝氏体forging 锻(件)Ycasting 铸(件)Jrolling 轧(件)ndrawing 拉(件)shot blasting 喷丸(处理)grit blasting 喷钢砂(处理)sand blasting 喷砂(处理)Acarburizing 渗碳Nnitriding 渗氮zcreep 蠕变deflection 挠度elongation 延伸率alloy tool steel合金工具钢aluminium alloy铝合金钢bearing alloy轴承合金blister steel浸碳钢bonderized steel sheet邦德防蚀钢板carbon tool steel碳素工具钢clad sheet被覆板clod work die steel冷锻模用钢emery金钢砂ferrostatic pressure钢铁水静压力forging die steel锻造模用钢galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁板hard alloy steel超硬合金钢high speed tool steel高速度工具钢hot work die steel热锻模用钢low alloy tool steel特殊工具钢low manganese casting steel低锰铸钢marging steel马式体高强度热处理钢martrix alloy马特里斯合金meehanite cast iron米汉纳铸钢meehanite metal米汉纳铁merchant iron市售钢材molybdenum high speed steel钼系高速钢molybdenum steel 钼钢nickel chromium steel镍铬钢prehardened steel顶硬钢silicon steel sheet矽钢板stainless steel不锈钢tin plated steel sheet镀锡铁板tough pitch copper韧铜troostite吐粒散铁tungsten steel钢vinyl tapped steel sheet塑胶覆面钢板Shrunk收缩Stave穿孔金GP-gold plated亮镍BRN-bright nickel黑镍BN(US15A)-black nickel亮铜BB(US3)-bright brass铜拉丝BB(US4)-brass brushed亮铬BC(US26)-bright chrome金拉丝GB-gold brushed镀镍NP-nickel plated镍拉丝NB(US15)-nickel brushed镀铬CP-chrome plated铬拉丝CB(US26D)-chrome brushed镀铜PB(US3-4)-plating brass不锈钢拉丝SSB(US32D)-stainless steel brushed 镀锌ZP(US2G)-zinc plated枪黑拉丝BNB-black nickel brushed铜抛光BP-brass polished青古铜AB(US10B)-antique bronze不锈钢抛光SSP(US32)-stainless steel polished 红古铜AC(US5)-antique copper不锈钢SS-stainless steel砂金SG-satin gold喷漆SPA(USP)-spray painting砂镍SN-satin nickel黑漆BL-black lacquer暗金(粉金)Dark GP-dark gold plated alloy tool steel合金工具钢aluminium alloy铝合金钢bearing alloy轴承合金blister steel浸碳钢bonderized steel sheet邦德防蚀钢板carbon tool steel碳素工具钢clad sheet被覆板clod work die steel冷锻模用钢emery金钢砂ferrostatic pressure钢铁水静压力forging die steel锻造模用钢galvanized steel sheet镀锌铁板hard alloy steel超硬合金钢high speed tool steel高速度工具钢hot work die steel热锻模用钢low alloy tool steel特殊工具钢low manganese casting steel低锰铸钢marging steel马式体高强度热处理钢martrix alloy马特里斯合金meehanite cast iron米汉纳铸钢meehanite metal米汉纳铁merchant iron市售钢材molybdenum high speed steel钼系高速钢molybdenum steel 钼钢nickel chromium steel镍铬钢prehardened steel顶硬钢silicon steel sheet矽钢板tin plated steel sheet镀锡铁板tough pitch copper韧铜troostite吐粒散铁tungsten steel钢vinyl tapped steel sheet塑胶覆面钢板光亮漆BRL-bright lacquer。
齿轮通常是用于传递动力和运动的机械零件,它们需要具备高强度、耐磨、耐疲劳等特性。
齿轮的材料通常根据应用和要求而有所不同。
以下是一些常用的齿轮材料牌号:1. 碳钢(Carbon Steel):- 1045:1045碳钢是常用的中碳钢,具有良好的强度和韧性,适用于一般用途的齿轮制造。
- 4140:4140合金钢是一种常用的合金钢,具有较高的强度和硬度,适用于高载荷和高强度的齿轮应用。
2. 合金钢(Alloy Steel):- 8620:8620合金钢具有良好的淬透性,适用于高强度和耐疲劳要求的齿轮。
- 9310:9310合金钢是一种高强度合金钢,适用于高载荷和高速度应用的齿轮。
3. 不锈钢(Stainless Steel):- 17-4PH:17-4PH不锈钢具有高强度和抗腐蚀性,适用于耐腐蚀和高强度要求的齿轮制造。
- 303、304、316:这些不锈钢材料具有不同的化学成分,可根据具体要求选择。
4. 铜合金(Copper Alloys):- 青铜(Bronze):青铜是一种常见的铜合金,用于低速、高载荷的齿轮,如蜗轮齿轮。
- 铝青铜(Aluminum Bronze):铝青铜具有高强度和耐腐蚀性,适用于海水环境中的齿轮。
5. 塑料(Plastics):- 聚酰胺(Nylon):尼龙是一种常用的塑料材料,适用于低噪音、低成本的齿轮。
- 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(Polyoxymethylene,POM):POM是一种耐磨塑料,适用于高速度和低载荷的齿轮。
6. 钢铁铸件(Steel Castings):- 铸铁(Cast Iron):铸铁齿轮常用于低速和高载荷的应用,如机床。
选择适当的齿轮材料牌号取决于具体的应用、负载、速度和环境条件。
此外,还需要考虑齿轮的加工和热处理过程,以确保达到所需的性能。
在选择齿轮材料时,建议咨询材料工程师或机械工程师,以确保材料满足特定应用的要求。
A R steel 高温度锰钢abnormal steel 反常钢; 非正常钢aluminium-steel cable 钢铝电缆aluminized steel 涂铝钢aluminum nickel steel 铝镍钢anchored steel trestle 锚固式钢栈桥angle steel ruler 钢角尺anisotropic steel 各向异性钢片anisotropy silicon steel 各向异性硅钢片annealed sheet steel 退火薄钢板annealed steel 退火钢; 韧钢anti-creeping angle steel 防爬角铁anticorrosive aluminium-coated steel wire 防蚀镀铝钢丝arc-furnace steel 电炉钢arc-welded steel pipe 电弧焊接钢管area of steel 钢筋断面面积; 钢筋截面面积area of structural steel 型钢截面积Armco aluminized steel 阿姆柯渗铝钢armco aluminized steel 表面浸镀铝钢Armco stabilized steel 阿母柯稳定化钢Armco steel 阿姆柯软钢armco steel 不硬化钢austenilic Ni-Cr stainless steel 奥氏体镍铬不锈钢austenitic alloy steel 奥氏体合金钢austenitic chromium-nickel steel 奥氏体铬-镍钢austenitic clad steel 奥氏体复合钢austenitic heat-resistance steel 奥氏体耐热钢austenitic manganese steel 奥氏体锰钢; 哈德菲尔德锰钢austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢austenitic steel 奥氏体钢automatic steel 易切削钢automatic(al) steel 易切削钢axle shaft steel 车轴钢axle steel 车轴钢钢铁业的英语词汇1Carbon Steel Plate 碳素钢板; 碳素钢板和型材Carbon Tool Steel 碳工具钢; 碳素工具钢Carbon-Containing Alloy Steel 含碳合金钢Carbon-Free Stainless Steel 无碳不锈钢Carbon-Free Steel 无碳钢Carburizing Steel 碳钢Case-Hardened Steel 表面渗碳硬化钢; 渗碳钢Bolts & Nuts For Steel Slotted 角钢螺丝Cast Alloy Steel Piston 合金铸钢活塞Cast Iron Electrode With Steel Core 钢芯铸铁焊条Cast Stainless Steel 铸造不锈钢Cast Steel 铸钢件Cast Steel Plate 铸钢板Cast(Carbon) Steel 铸钢Cast-In Steel Bush 铸入钢套Casement Section Steel 窗框钢Cast-Steel 铸钢Cast-Steel Crossing 铸钢辙叉Cast-Steel Pipe 铸钢管Cast-Steel Separator 铸钢隔板; 铸钢横梁Cast-Steel Shot 钢砂Cast-Steel Yoke 铸钢轭Cellular Steel Floor 格型钢楼板Cement-And-Grouted Steel Bolt 钢筋砂浆锚杆Cemented Steel 表面硬化钢Cemented Templet Steel 渗碳样板钢Centra Steel 球状石墨铸钢Centrifugal Steel 离心铸钢Centrifuge(D) Steel 离心铸造钢Channel Steel 槽钢Channel-Section Steel 槽形钢Channeled-Steel Wheel Rim 槽钢制轮辋Checkered Steel Plate 花纹钢板Chemical Capped Steel 化学封顶钢Chilled Cast Steel 冷硬铸钢Chilled Hardened Steel 淬火钢Chilled Steel 淬火钢; 淬硬钢Chisel Steel 凿钢; 凿子钢Chrome Hardened Steel 铬硬化钢Chrome Steel 铬钢Chrome-Carbon Steel 铬碳钢Chrome-Manganese Nitrogen Steel 铬锰氮钢Chrome-Manganese-Silicon Alloy Steel 铬锰硅合金钢Chrome-Molybdenum Steel 铬钼钢Chrome-Nickel Steel 铬镍钢Chrome-Plated Steel Nozzle 镀铬钢喷管Chrome-Silicon Steel 铬硅钢Chrome-Tungsten Steel 铬钨钢Chrome-Vanadium Steel 铬钒钢Chromemanganese Steel 铬锰钢Chromium Nickel Steel 高强度耐蚀铬镍钢Chromium Stainless Steel 铬不锈钢Chromium Steel 铬钢Chromium-Molybdenum Steel 铬钼钢Chromium-Nickel Steel 铬镍钢Chromium-Plated Mild Steel Animal Chain 镀铬软钢动物链条Chromium-Tungstenvanadium Steel 铬钨钒钢Chromiummanganese Steel 铬锰钢Chromiumnickel Austenite Stainless Steel 铬镍奥氏体不锈钢Chromiumplated Thin-Walled Steel Cylinder Liner 钢质薄壁镀铬汽缸衬套Chromized Steel 渗铬钢Circular Steel Support 环形金属支架Clad Sheet Steel 包层薄钢板Clad Steel 包层钢; 双层钢; 双金属钢Clad Steel Plate 复合钢板Cladding Steel 包覆钢Cladding Steel Sheet 复合钢板Clean Steel 纯净钢; 洁净钢Closed Die Steel 闭锻模钢Coarse-Grained Steel 粗晶粒钢Coated Steel 镀层钢板Coating Steel Pipe 镀锌钢管Cobalt High Speed Steel 钴高速钢Cobalt-Chromium Steel 钴铬钢Coiled Steel 成卷带钢Cold Forging Steel 冷锻钢Cold Pressed Steel 冷压钢Cold Reduced Steel 马口铁卷板Cold Rolled Ribbed Steel Bar 冷轧竹节钢筋Cold Rolled Sheet Steel 冷轧薄钢板Cold Twisted Steel Bar 冷扭钢筋Cold-Banded Steel Pipe 冷箍钢管Cold-Drawn Steel 冷拔钢; 冷拉钢Cold-Drawn Steel Pipe 冷拉钢管Cold-Drawn Steel Tube 冷拉钢管Cold-Finished Steel 冷加工精整钢Cold-Pressed Sheet Steel 冷压薄钢板Cold-Pressed Steel Plate 冷压钢板Cold-Pressing Quality Steel 冷弯钢Cold-Roll Steel Sheets 冷轧钢板Cold-Rolled (Cold Rolled) Steel 冷轧钢Cold-Rolled Carbon Spring Steel 冷轧弹簧碳钢Cold-Rolled Carbon Steel 冷轴碳钢Cold-Rolled Steel Strip 冷轧带钢Cold-Shaping Steel 冷变形钢Cold-Short Steel 冷脆钢Cold-Steel 利器Cold-Strip Steel 冷轧带钢Cold-Strip Steel Rolling Mill 冷轧带钢机; 带钢冷轧机Cold-Worked Steel 冷作钢Cold-Working Steel 冷作钢Coldshort Steel 冷脆钢Color Stainless Steel 彩色不锈钢Colored Stainless Steel 彩色不锈钢Column With Steel Hooping 螺旋箍筋柱Combined Steel And Concrete Column 钢骨混凝土柱Comminuted Steel Shot 钢粉Common Straight Carbon Steel 普通碳素钢Complex Alloy Steel 多元合金钢; 合金钢碳素结构钢Carbon Construction Steel碳素工具钢Carbon Tool Steel合金结构钢Alloy Construction Steel合金工具钢Alloy Tool Steel高速工具钢High Speed Tool Steel弹簧钢Spring Steel不锈耐热钢Stainless & Heat Resisting Steel轴承钢Bearing Steel工字钢Ibeam普通圆钢Round Steel槽钢Channel扁钢Flat Steel Bar等边角钢Equal Angle Steel不等边角钢Unequal Angle Steelh型钢Hbeam钢坯Billet,Bloom钢筋混凝土用变形钢筋High Strength Deformed Steel Bar 窗框钢Window Sash中厚钢板Steel Plate热轧钢板(卷)Hot Rolled Steel Coil冷轧钢板(卷)Cold Rolled Steel Sheel or Coil镀锌钢板(卷)Galvanized Steel Coil钢带Steel Strip线材Wire Rod Coil无缝钢管Seamless Steel Pipe锅炉管Boiler Tube石油套管Pipe For Oil Field高压管Pressure Pipe高压气瓶用管Tube for High-Pressure Vessel地质钻探用管Seamless Steel Pipe For Geological Drill In 镀锌焊管Galvanized Welded Pipe石油钻探杆Drill Pipe For Oil Field铸铁管Cast Iron Pipe重轨Heavy Rail轻轨Light Rail炼钢生铁Basic Pig Iron铸造生铁foundry Pig Iron普通圆钢钉Round Nails for General Uses镀锌底碳钢丝Galvanized Low Carbon Steel Wire.钢丝绳Steel Wire Rope钢绞线Stranded Wire预应力混凝土钢丝Steel Wire For Prestressed Concrete 窗纱Window Screen车轮Wheel Tyre轮筛Wheel Circleiron and steel industry 钢铁工业ironworks 铁厂foundry 铸造车间steelworks, steel mill 钢厂coking plant 炼焦厂electrometallurgy 电冶金学powder metallurgy 粉末冶金学blast furnace 鼓风炉mouth, throat 炉口hopper, chute 料斗stack 炉身belly 炉腰bosh 炉腹crucible 炉缸slag tap 放渣口taphole 出铁口,出渣口pig bed 铸床mould 铸模(美作:mold)tuyere, nozzle 风口ingot mould 锭模(美作:ingot mold)floor 平台hearth 炉底charger 装料机ladle 铁水包,钢水包dust catcher 除尘器washer 洗涤塔converter 转炉hoist 卷扬机compressor 压缩机tilting mixer 可倾式混铁炉regenerator 蓄热室heat exchanger 热交换器gas purifier 煤气净化器turbocompressor 涡轮压缩机burner 烧嘴cupola 化铁炉,冲天炉emptier 排空装置trough 铁水沟,排渣沟skip 料车rolling mill 轧机,轧钢机blooming mill 初轧机roller 辊bed 底座rolling-mill housing 轧机机架drawbench 拔管机,拉丝机drawplate 拉模板shaft furnace 竖炉refining furnace 精炼炉reverberatory furnace 反射炉hearth furnace 床式反射炉firebrick lining 耐火砖衬retort 反应罐muffle 马弗炉roof, arch 炉顶forge 锻造press 压锻pile hammer 打桩锤drop hammer 落锤die 拉模blowlamp 吹炬(美作:blowtorch) crusher 破碎机iron ore 铁矿石coke 焦炭bauxite 铁钒土alumina 铝cryolite 冰晶石flux 熔剂limestone flux 石灰石溶剂haematite 赤铁矿(美作:hematite) gangue 脉石cast iron 铸铁cast iron ingot 铸铁锭slag 炉渣soft iron 软铁pig iron 生铁wrought iron 熟铁iron ingot 铁锭puddled iron 搅炼熟铁round iron 圆铁scrap iron 废铁steel 钢crude steel 粗钢mild steel, soft steel 软钢,低碳钢hard steel 硬钢cast steel 坩埚钢,铸钢stainless steel 不锈钢electric steel 电工钢,电炉钢high-speed steel 高速钢moulded steel 铸钢refractory steel 热强钢,耐热钢alloy steel 合金钢plate, sheet 薄板corrugated iron 瓦垅薄钢板tinplate, tin 马口铁finished product 成品,产品semifinished product 半成品,中间产品ferrous products 铁制品coiled sheet 带状薄板bloom 初轧方坯metal strip, metal band 铁带,钢带billet 坯锭,钢坯shavings 剃边profiled bar 异型钢材shape, section 型钢angle iron 角钢frit 烧结wire 线材ferronickel 镍铁elinvar 镍铬恒弹性钢ferrite 铁氧体,铁醇盐cementite 渗碳体,碳化铁pearlite 珠光体charging, loading 装料,炉料fusion, melting, smelting 熔炼remelting 再熔化,重熔refining 精炼casting 出铁to cast 出铁tapping 出渣,出钢,出铁to insufflate, to inject 注入heating 加热preheating 预热tempering 回火temper 回火hardening 淬水annealing 退火reduction 还原cooling 冷却decarbonization, decarburization 脱碳coking 炼焦slagging, scorification 造渣carburization 渗碳case hardening 表面硬化cementation 渗碳fritting, sintering 烧结puddling 搅炼pulverization 粉化,雾化nitriding 渗氮alloy 合金floatation, flotation 浮选patternmaking 制模moulding 成型(美作:molding) calcination 煅烧amalgamation 汞齐化rolling 轧制drawing 拉拔extrusion 挤压wiredrawing 拉丝stamping, pressing 冲压die casting 拉模铸造forging 锻造turning 车削milling 铣削machining, tooling 加工autogenous welding, fusion welding 氧炔焊arc welding 电弧焊electrolysis 电解trimming 清理焊缝blowhole 气孔钢铁业的英语词汇2Abnormal Steel 反常钢; 非正常钢Aluminium-steel Cable 钢铝电缆Aluminized Steel 涂铝钢Aluminum Nickel Steel 铝镍钢Anchored Steel Trestle 锚固式钢栈桥Angle Steel Ruler 钢角尺Anisotropic Steel 各向异性钢片Anisotropy Silicon Steel 各向异性硅钢片Annealed Sheet Steel 退火薄钢板Annealed Steel 退火钢; 韧钢Anti-Creeping Angle Steel 防爬角铁Anticorrosive Aluminium-Coated Steel Wire 防蚀镀铝钢丝Arc-Furnace Steel 电炉钢Arc-Welded Steel Pipe 电弧焊接钢管Area Of Steel 钢筋断面面积; 钢筋截面面积Area Of Structural Steel 型钢截面积Armco Aluminized Steel 阿姆柯渗铝钢Armco Aluminized Steel 表面浸镀铝钢Armco Stabilized Steel 阿母柯稳定化钢Armco Steel 阿姆柯软钢Armco Steel 不硬化钢Austenilic Ni-Cr Stainless Steel 奥氏体镍铬不锈钢Austenitic Alloy Steel 奥氏体合金钢Austenitic Chromium-Nickel Steel 奥氏体铬-镍钢Austenitic Clad Steel 奥氏体复合钢Austenitic Heat-Resistance Steel 奥氏体耐热钢Austenitic Manganese Steel 奥氏体锰钢; 哈德菲尔德锰钢Austenitic Stainless Steel 奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic Steel 奥氏体钢Automatic Steel 易切削钢Automatic(Al) Steel 易切削钢Axle Shaft Steel 车轴钢Axle Steel 车轴钢Bainitic Steel 贝氏体钢Balanced Steel 半镇静钢Ball Bearing Steel Strip 滚珠轴承钢带Ball Race Steel 滚珠轴承圈钢Ball-Bearing Steel 滚珠轴承钢Bamboo Steel 竹节钢筋Band Steel 带钢Banding Steel 带钢; 箍钢Bar Steel 棒钢; 条钢Basic Bessemer Steel 碱性贝氏转炉钢Basic Bessemer Steel 碱性转炉钢Basic Bessemer Steel Converter 碱性转炉钢转炉Basic Converter Steel 碱性转炉钢Basic Electric Furnace Steel 碱性电炉钢Basic Open Hearth Steel 碱性平炉钢Battened Steel Column 双肢钢柱Beam Steel Plate 大梁钢板Beam With Compression Steel 双筋梁Bearing Quality Steel 滚珠钢Bearing Steel 轴承钢Bent Steel 挠曲钢筋Bessemer Low Carbon Steel 酸性转炉低碳钢Bessemer Mild Steel 贝色麦钢Bessemer Steel 贝色麦钢; 酸性钢Best Plough Steel Wire 铅淬火高强度钢丝Billet Steel 坯段钢; 钢坯; 短条钢Binary Steel 二元合金钢Black Mild Steel Carriage Bolt And Nut 黑铁马车螺丝闩Black Mild Steel Fish Bolt And Nut 黑铁鱼尾螺丝闩Black Mild Steel Flat Head Rivet 黑铁扁头铆钉Black Mild Steel Flat Head Tinmen Rivet 黑铁号头铆钉Black Mild Steel Hexagonal Nut 黑铁六角螺丝帽Black Mild Steel Pan Head Rivet 黑铁锥头铆钉Black Mild Steel Round Head Rivet 黑铁圆头铆钉Black Mild Steel Square Nut 黑铁四方螺丝帽Black Steel Pipe 黑钢板Black Steel Sheet 黑钢皮Black Tin Steel 黑钢板Blister Steel 泡钢; 泡面钢Abnormal Structure Steel 反常组织钢Abrasion-Resistant Steel 耐磨钢Blue Steel 蓝钢Bluing Of Steel 钢加蓝Boiler Steel 锅炉钢; 锅炉钢板Boiler Steel Plate 锅炉钢板Boiling Steel 沸腾钢Bolting Steel 螺栓钢Blue Planished Steel 发蓝薄钢板Bloom Steel 初轧钢; 钢坯Boron Steel 硼钢Brass Fitting Of Steel Window 钢窗铜配件Brass-Plated Mild Steel Round Bead Wood Screw 镀黄铜圆头软钢木螺丝Brass-Plated Mild Steel Round Head Machine Screw 镀黄铜圆头软钢机器螺丝Brass-Plated Steel Wire 镀黄铜钢丝Brearley Steel 布里阿雷不锈钢; 布氏高铬钢Bridge Steel 桥梁钢Bright And Black Mild Steel Flat Head Tinmen Rivet 号头铆钉Bright Mild Steel Cotter Pin 光亮软钢开尾销Bright Mild Steel Countersunk Head Wood Screw 光亮软钢平头木螺丝Bright Mild Steel Hexagonal Nut 光亮软钢六角螺丝帽Bright Mild Steel Hexagonal Nuts 六角光螺帽; 六角螺丝帽Bright Mild Steel Hexagonal Pressed Nut 光亮软钢六角冲压螺丝帽Bright Mild Steel Round Head Wood Screw 光亮软钢圆头木螺丝Bright-Drawn Free Cutting Steel 光拉自由切削钢Bright-Drawn Steel 光亮拉拔钢材Bright-Finished Steel 光亮精整钢Bristol Steel Belt Lacing 布瑞斯涛钢带接头Bronze Steel 镀青铜钢Building Of Steel Frame Construction 钢框架房屋Bulb Steel 球扁钢Bulb-Rail Steel 球头丁字钢Burned Steel 过烧钢Calorized Steel 涂铝钢; 渗化钢Calorizing Steel 铝化钢Capped Steel 加盖钢; 半镇静钢Carbon And Low-Alloy Steel Vessels 碳钢及低合金钢容器Carbon Content Of Steel 钢含碳量Carbon Molybdenum Steel 钼碳钢Carbon Steel 碳钢; 碳素钢Carbon Steel Covered Electrode 碳钢焊条Carbon Steel Plate。