大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总.doc
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三级语法考点归纳
一.虚拟语气
1.if 句中虚拟形式
if 引导的非真实条件句(纯粹假设或发生的可能性不大):
条件从句主句
与现在相反did (be were)would/ should/ might/ could do
与将来相反did (be were)would/ should/ might/ could do
与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have
done
例句
If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.
If they hadn’ t gone on vacation, their house wouldn
’ t have been broken (break) into.
2. 原形虚拟:
a. 表命令、决定、要求、建议等词语之后的 that- 分句中,用动词原形。 suggest,
demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require,
request, desire+that(should) do
例如 He suggested that we should leave early.
My suggestion is that we should tell him.
b. It is (was) 形容词 / 名词 that(should) do/
例如 It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.
3.一些句型中的虚拟形式:
1. It’ s (high, about, the first, etc.) time (that)动词过去时
例如 It ’s time we left. 例如 It is time we went to bed.
2 would rather/sooner宁愿
as if/ though好像
would rather/sooner谓语用过去时与现在或者将来
相反
as if/ though 谓语用过去完成时与过去相反
4.练习
1. I _______ try it again if I_______you.
A. will ; am
B. should; am
C. would ; were
D.
would ; had been
2. If it _______ not for the water, the plants _______live.
A. were; would not
B. is; could not
C. were; could
D. did;
could not
3.If I _______ that chance to show my ability, I _______the president of this school.
A. have not had; could not become
B. had not had; would not have
become
C. did not have; could not become
D. doesn’thave;will not become
4. He _______ by that burglar if you _______ to save him.
A. might have been killed; hadn’t come
B. will be killed; didn’t come
C. may be killed; did’t come
D. could be killed; haven’t come
5. If it _______for your help, I _______that hard time with so little money.
A. were not; would not spend
B. is not; can not spend
C. had not been; would not have spent
D. have not been; will not spend
6. Where _______ you go if war _______
A. will; breaks out
B. do; will break out
C. would; were to break out
D. will; is to break out
7. She wishes she _______ that humiliating thing.
A. doesn’t do
B. didn’ t do
C. haven’ t done
D. hadn’t done
8. The chairman suggested that the meeting _______ put off.
A. can be
B. be
C. is
D. will be
9. It is vital that he _______ immediately.
A. should go
B. must go
C. goes
D. went
10. It is time we _______do our homework.
A. begin to
B. can begin to
C. began to
D. will begin to
答案:
1.选 C。表示与现在事实相反的假设 (指现在的假设 ) (译文 ; 如果我是你,我会再
试一次 )
2 选 A。表示与现在事实相反的假设(指现在的假设 )。(译文:要是没有水,植物
就不能存活。 )
3.选 B。表示与过去事实相反的假设。
4 A。表示与过去事实相反的假设。 (译文:要不是你来救他,他早就被那个窃贼
杀了。 )
5.C。与过去事实相反的假设。 (译:要没有你帮忙,我那点儿钱是无法度过那段
艰苦岁月的。 )
6.选 C。表示与将来事实相反的假设。 (译文:要是战争爆发了,你会上哪儿去 )
7.选 D。虚拟语气用于宾语从句。 (译文:她真希望自己没有做过那件丢脸的事情。 )
8.选 B。虚拟语气用于表示“建议”等意义的动词后。 (译文:主席建议会议延期
举行。 )
9.选 A。虚拟语气用于主语从句 (It is / was + 形容词 + that 引导的分句 )。
10.选 C。虚拟语气用于定语从句 It is time (that)...句型。 (译文:我们该开始做作
业了。 )