LB-52资料

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ALow-Noise

Precision

OpAmp

LB-52NationalSemiconductorLinearBrief52RobertA󰀟PeaseDecember1980ALow-NoisePrecisionOpAmp

Itiswellknownthatthevoltagenoiseofanoperationalamplifiercanbedecreasedbyincreasingtheemittercurrentoftheinputstage󰀟Thesignal-to-noiseratiowillbeimprovedbytheincreaseofbias󰀷untilthebasecurrentnoisebeginstodominate󰀟Theoptimumisfoundat󰀌Ie(optimum)eKTq0hFErswherersistheoutputresistanceofthesignalsource󰀟Forexample󰀷inthecircuitofFigure1󰀷whenrse1kXandhFEe500󰀷theleoptimumisabout500mAor560mA󰀟However󰀷atthisrichcurrentlevel󰀷theDCbasecurrentwillcauseasignificantvoltageerrorinthebaseresistance󰀷andevenaftercancellation󰀷theDCdriftwillbesignificantlybig-gerthanwhenleissmaller󰀟Inthisexample󰀷lbe1mA󰀷solbcrse1mV󰀟Evenifthelbandrsarewellmatchedateachinput󰀷itisnotreasonabletoexpectthelbcrstotrackbetterthan5or10mV󰁋󰀃Cversustemperature󰀟Anewamplifier󰀷showninFigure2󰀷operatesonetransistorpairatarichcurrent󰀷forlownoise󰀷andasecondpairatamuchleanercurrent󰀷forlowbasecurrent󰀟AlthoughthislookslikethefamiliarDarlingtonconnection󰀷capacitorsareaddedsothatthenoisewillbeverylow󰀷andtheDCdriftisverygood󰀷too󰀟IntheexampleofFigure2󰀷Q2runsatlee500mAandhasverylownoise󰀟EachhalfofQ1isoperatedat11mAele󰀟Itwillhavealowbasecurrent(20nAto40nAtypical)󰀷andtheoffsetcurrentofthecom-positeopamp󰀷Ib1–lb2󰀷willbeverysmall󰀷1nAor2nA󰀟Thus󰀷errorscausedbybiascurrentandoffsetcurrentdriftvs󰀟temperaturecanbequitesmall󰀷lessthan0󰀟1mV󰁋󰀃Catrse1000X󰀟ThenoiseofQ1AandQ1Bwouldnormallybequitesignifi-cant󰀷about6nV󰁋0Hz󰀷butthe10mFcapacitorscompletelyfilteroutthenoise󰀟Atallfrequenciesabove10Hz󰀷Q2AandQ2Bactastheinputtransistors󰀷whileQ1AandQ1BmerelybufferthelowestfrequencyandDCsignals󰀟Foraudiofrequencies(20Hzto20kHz)thevoltagenoiseofthisamplifierispredictedtobe1󰀟4nV󰁋0Hz󰀷whichisquitesmallcomparedtotheJohnsonnoiseofthe1kXsource󰀷4󰀟0nV󰁋0Hz󰀟Anoisefigureof0󰀟7dBisthuspredicted󰀷andhasbeenmeasuredandconfirmed󰀟NotethatforbestDCbalanceR6e976Xisaddedintothefeedbackpath󰀷sothatthetotalimpedanceseenbytheopampatitsnegativeinputis1kX󰀟Butthe976Xisheavilybypassed󰀷andthetotalJohnsonnoisecontributedbythefeedbacknetworkisbelow󰀂󰀓󰀆nV󰁋0Hz󰀟Toachievelowestdrift󰀷below0󰀟1mV󰁋󰀃C󰀷R1andR2should󰀷ofcourse󰀷bechosentohavegoodtrackingtempco󰀷below5ppm󰁋󰀃C󰀷andsoshouldR3andR4󰀟Whenthisisdone󰀷thedriftreferredtoinputwillbewellbelow0󰀟5mV󰁋󰀃C󰀷andthishasbeenconfirmed󰀷intherangea10󰀃Ctoa50󰀃C󰀟Overall󰀷wehavedesignedalow-noiseopampwhichcanrivalthenoiseofthebestaudioamplifiers󰀷andatthesame

TL󰁋H󰁋8499–1VOUTj(na1)VINaVOSc(na1)a(lb2blb1)crsc(na1)aVnoisec(na1)ainoisec(rsaRIN)c(na1)FIGURE1󰀟ConventionalLow-NoiseOperationalAmplifier

C1995NationalSemiconductorCorporationRRD-B30M115󰁋PrintedinU󰀟S󰀟A󰀟元器件交易网www.cecb2b.comB-52ALow-NoisePrecisionOpAmptimeexhibitsdriftcharacteristicsofthebestlow-driftamplifi-ers󰀟Theamplifierhasbeenusedasaprecisionpre-amp(gaine1000)󰀷andalsoastheoutputamplifierfora20-bitDAC󰀷wherelowdriftandlownoisearebothimportant󰀟Tooptimizethecircuitforotherrslevels󰀷theemittercurrentforQ2shouldbeproportionalto1󰁋0rs󰀟TheemittercurrentofQ1AshouldbeabouttentimesthebasecurrentofQ2A󰀟Thebasecurrentoftheoutputopampshouldbenomorethan1󰁋1000oftheemittercurrentofQ2󰀟ThevaluesofR1andR2shouldbethesameasR7󰀟Variousformulaefornoise󰀌Voltagenoiseofatransistor󰀷per0Hz󰀷eneKT02qlCCurrentnoiseofatransistor󰀷per0Hz󰀷ine02qlChFEVoltagenoiseofaresistor󰀷per0Hz󰀷ene04KTRsForamorecompleteanalysisoflow-noiseamplifiers󰀷seeAN-222󰀷‘‘SuperMatchedBipolarTransistorPairSetsNewStandardsforDriftandNoise’’󰀷CarlT󰀟Nelson󰀟

󰀂TrackingTCk5ppm󰁋󰀃C󰀂󰀂Solidtantalum󰀂󰀂󰀂TrackingTCk5ppm󰁋󰀃C󰀷Beckman694-3-R100K-Dor

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TL󰁋H󰁋8499–2FIGURE2󰀟NewLow-NoisePrecisionOperationalAmplifierasGain-of-1000Pre-AmpLIFESUPPORTPOLICYNATIONAL’SPRODUCTSARENOTAUTHORIZEDFORUSEASCRITICALCOMPONENTSINLIFESUPPORTDEVICESORSYSTEMSWITHOUTTHEEXPRESSWRITTENAPPROVALOFTHEPRESIDENTOFNATIONALSEMICONDUCTORCORPORATION󰀟Asusedherein󰀌1󰀟Lifesupportdevicesorsystemsaredevicesor2󰀟Acriticalcomponentisanycomponentofalifesystemswhich󰀷(a)areintendedforsurgicalimplantsupportdeviceorsystemwhosefailuretoperformcanintothebody󰀷or(b)supportorsustainlife󰀷andwhosebereasonablyexpectedtocausethefailureofthelifefailuretoperform󰀷whenproperlyusedinaccordancesupportdeviceorsystem󰀷ortoaffectitssafetyorwithinstructionsforuseprovidedinthelabeling󰀷caneffectiveness󰀟bereasonablyexpectedtoresultinasignificantinjurytotheuser󰀟NationalSemiconductorNationalSemiconductorNationalSemiconductorNationalSemiconductorCorporationEuropeHongKongLtd󰀟JapanLtd󰀟1111WestBardinRoadFax󰀌(a49)0-180-530858613thFloor󰀷StraightBlock󰀷Tel󰀌81-043-299-2309元器件交易网www.cecb2b.com