english 英语模拟题

大学英语四级考试模拟试题（附答案）一、写作Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of "The Importance of Learning a Second Language". You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.【答案】The Importance of Learning a Second LanguageSecondly, learning a second language improves cognitive abilities. Studies have shown that bilingual individuals often exhibit better problemsolving skills, greater creativity, and a more flexible mindset. Moreover, mastering a second language can open up numerous career opportunities. In an increasingly globalized job market, being proficient in multiple languages is a valuable asset.In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are multifaceted, ranging from personal growth to career advancement and cultural preservation. It is a lifelong investment that yields significant rewards.二、听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear eight short conversations and two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A) The woman doesn't want to cook dinner.B) The man will cook dinner for the woman.C) They are going to eat out.D) They are discussing the menu for tomorrow.【答案】C)Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage One2. A) It is a way to express individuality.B) It is a sign of social status.C) It reflects cultural background.D) It is a form of artistic expression.【答案】A)三、阅读理解Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. You maynot use any of the words in the bank more than once.Passage【答案】26. D) substantial27. A) outweigh28. C) enhance四、翻译Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You shouldwrite your answer on the Answer Sheet.中国传统文化中，龙是吉祥的象征，代表着权力、威严和好运。

2024上海高考英语句子翻译模拟试题建议用时：60分钟满分：100分Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.1.【2023届上海市建平中学高三下学期三模考试英语试题】72.春日阳光和煦，人们不禁想要出去走走。

(so…that)73.最近这位学者声名大噪，不断有国际会议邀请他去发表演讲。

(deliver)74.这款应用软件无需消费者下载音乐便可享受音乐，自发布以来已经占据了市场的半壁江山。

(without)75.这座公园设施陈旧，疏于管理，荒草丛生，经改造后，却让人眼前一亮。

(absence)2.【上海市华东师范大学附属东昌中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月测评】52.每一架飞机起飞前都会接受彻底的检查和必要的保养。

(prior to)53.信息技术是否改变了年轻一代对世界的认知方式？(perceive)54.三个月后，我们将参加人生最重大的考试之一，它的结果也许会决定我们的人生轨迹。

(course)55.新落成的学校拔地而起，已不是5年前的学校了，它配以现代化设施，为学生营造出良好的学习环境。

(equip)3.【上海市复旦大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三下学期3月月考英语试题】52.因缺少资金，公众直到最近才得以进入这个商业中心。

(accessible)53.实现梦想之前，一个人要经历一段时间的艰难，这是常有的事。

(That)54.传统中医安全可靠，最早可追溯到三千多年前，是中国古代人民的智慧结晶。

(represent)55.今年的春晚(The Spring Festival Gala)好戏连台，有悦耳动听的歌曲，美轮美奂的舞蹈，还有风趣幽默的相声，观众们在喜庆的气氛中辞旧迎新。

(so that)4.【2023届上海浦东新区高三三模英语试题】52.四月已至，春意盎然，这给生活带来了新的希望。

《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案Part oneFill in the blanks ( 10 points )1.The full name of the United Kingdom is .2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998.3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rulein 829.4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and collegestudents today.5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called .6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of .7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish.8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a noveltitled , which intensified the political debate on slavery.9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of TheCivil Rights Movement: was assassinated.10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part twoRead the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points )1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called .a. Progressivismb. laissez fairec. New Freedomd. New Deal2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December,1941.a. Great Depressionb. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by OliverCromwell as .a. Lord Protectorb. Lieutenant Generalc. Commander of the New Model Armyd. President4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain.a. eastb. southc. westd. north5. WASPs referred to .a. the mainstream Americansb. Hispanicsc. Asian-Americansd. Blacks6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitutionformally ended .a. the immigration movementb. the Civil Warc. the slave systemd. the industrialization7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled of theworld people and of the world’s land area.a. one thirdb. one fifthc. one fourthd. two fifths8. The Celt’s religion was.a. Teutonic religionb. Christianityc. Druidismd. Buddhism9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping themwithin the bounds of the feudal law of the land.a. the Archbishop of Canterburyb. the baronsc. the churchd. the king10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the .a. the House of Lordsb. the House of Commonsc. the Privy Councild. the Shadow Cabinet11. The English Renaissance was largely .a. religiousb. ideologicalc. philosophicald. literary12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in .a. hardwareb. textilec. potteryd. chemicals13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in .a. 200 B. C.b. 55 B. C.c. 55 A. D.d. 410 A. D14. The Hundred Years’ War started in.a. 1733b. 1453c. 1337d. 135715. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 ina speech to the joint session of Congress.a. President Rooseveltb. President Kennedyc. General Marshalld. President Truman17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.a. 651b. 1,200c. 1,198d. 76318. About half of the Britain’s trade is with.a. the United Statesb. South-east Asiac. the ECd. the Latin America19. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Viking and Danish invasions20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of .a. containmentb. neutralityc. pro-Germany partialityd. pro-Ally partialityPart threeRead the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points )( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States.( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, and on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed to the establishment of the British Empire.( ) 7. The word English means “the language that belongs to the Angles.”( ) 8. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.( ) 9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh Lake in Wales which covers an area of 397 square kilometers.( ) 10. Both the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress were held in Boston.( ) 11. The American Constitution founded feudalism and introduced checks and balances.( ) 12. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.( ) 13.Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious( ) 14. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.( ) 15. William, Duke of Normandy, founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and he became known as “Father of the British Navy.”( ) 16. Anglo-Saxons in Britain are believed to be ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh people.( ) 17. After Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain’s first ever woman prime minister in 1979, she adopted a new program to cure the “British disease”.( ) 18. America Vespucci proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not Indian, but a new continent. As a result, the new continent was named after him and became known as America. ( ) 19. Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Continental Congress on July 14, 1776, a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day of the United States. ( ) 20. When the news of American victory at Yorktown reached London, the Parliament voted to end the War and peace negotiation began in 1782.Part fourExplain the following terms in English: (10 points)1. The New Deal2. The commonwealth3. checks and balances4. Constitutional monarchy5. PuritanismPart fiveTell what you know about the following in your own words. ( 20 points )1. The Easter Rising2. Class system in British society3. The Bronte sisters4. Counterculture5. The containment policyPart sixWrite between 100-150 words on the following topic: ( 20 points )Cold WarKeys:Part one:1.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2.the Belfast Agreement3.King Egbert4.The Canterbury Tales5.Guy Fawkes Night6.14927.Catholic8.Uncle Tom’s Cabin9.Martin Luther King10.ColoradoPart two:1~5dbaca 6~10cccdb 11~15dbbca 16~20daccbPart three:1~5 FTTFF 6~10 TTTFF 11~15 FFTTT 16~20 FTTFTPart four:1.It refers to a series of measures taken by Franklin Roosevelt in 1932 to prevent the possiblecollapse of the American economic and political system.2.The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up mostly of formerBritish colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus: others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.3.Each of the three branches of the government——the legislative, the executive and thejudicial——has part of the powers but not all the power. Each branch can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”.4. A constitutional monarchy is a county in which head of the state is a king or a queen. Inpractice, the Sovereign reigns, but does not rule. In English history, constitutional monarchy was established after Glorious Revolution in 1688.5.Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify theChurch of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God’s chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being God’s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.Part five:1.In order to gain independence, different Irish groups had been fighting against the Britishinstitutions and the British military forces. One such activity was the Easter Rising which took place in 1916. the rebels occupied Dublin’s Post Office and Forced the British to take it back by military force. The leaders of the rebellion were executed by the British authorities.2.The class system does exist in British society. Most of the British population would claimthemselves to be either of middle-class or working-class, though some people would actually belong to the upper middle-class or lower middle-class. Class divisions are now simply economic, they are cultural as well. People of different classes may differ in the kind of newspapers they read, in the way they speak and in the kind of education they receive. One of the distinctive features about the British class system is that aristocratic titles can still be inherited.3.Perhaps the most famous literary family I British history are the Bronte sisters, who wereinfluenced by the Romantic Movement. Charlotte, Emily and Ann were daughters of the vicar of a village church in Yorkshire. Although they were poor, they were educated and respectable. In their short lives, they didn’t produce much, but their works are among the best-loved novels in English: Charlotte Bronte’ s Jane Eyre and Emily’s Wuthering Heights 4.In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenonthat historians called “counterculture”. The counterculture rejected capitalism and other American principles. They had morals different from those taught by their parents. Some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life. Among the most famous were the hippies. They sought new experience through dropping out, and drug taking. But it was music, rock music in particular, that became the chief vehicles for the counter culture assault on the traditional American society. The counterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriage, career and success.5.The US put into effect the containment policy in the late 1940s. by containment, the Us meantthat it would use whatever means, including military force, to prevent the Soviet Union form breaking out of its sphere of influence. In order to contain communism, the US fought two wars in Asia: the Korean War and the Vietnam War.Part six:Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended. The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order. The United States, relying on its large economic and military strength, tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion. The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be no long-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism, represented by the United States and Britain. Cold War was characterized by international tension and conflicts without bloody “hot war” between the Soviet Union and the United States. Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.。

国际人才英语考试中级模拟题国际人才英语考试中级（ETIC中级）模拟题一、选择题（每题只有一个正确答案，共10题）1. 当你想要表达“他来自一个大家庭”时，你可以说：A. He comes from a big family.B. He is a member of a big family.C. He has a small family.D. He is from a large family.2. 下列哪个短语最能表达“他们正在努力提高英语水平”的意思？A. They are making an effort to improve their English.B. They are striving to enhance their English ability.C. They are trying to improve their English skills.D. They are struggling to raise their English level.3. 如果你想表达“他对自己的工作很满意”，你应该说：A. He is content with his job.B. He is satisfied with his work.C. He is pleased with his employment.D. He is delighted with his task.4. 当你想要询问别人是否愿意和你一起参加一个活动时，你可以说：A. Do you want to join me in the event?B. Would you like to participate in the activity with me?C. Can you come with me to the function?D. Are you able to join me at the meeting?5. 下列哪个短语最能表达“她很开心地接受了邀请”的意思？A. She gladly accepted the invitation.B. She happily received the invitation.C. She joyfully approved the invitation.D. She gladly granted the invitation.6. 如果你想表达“这个项目需要很多时间和努力来完成”，你可以说：A. This project demands a lot of time and effort to complete.B. This project needs a lot of time and energy to finish.C. This project requests a lot of time and work to accomplish.D. This project calls for a lot of time and efforts to achieve.7. 当你想要说“这个电影太长了，我看了一半就离开了”时，你可以说：A. This movie is too long, so I left after watching half of it.B. This movie is too short, so I left before watching the end of it.C. This movie is too long, so I left before finishing it halfway through.D. This movie is too short, so I left after watching halfway through it.8. 如果你想表达“他每天早上六点起床跑步”的习惯，你应该说：A. He gets up running at six o'clock every morning.B. He rises early and goes jogging at six every day.C. He wakes up to go for a run at six every morning.D. He rises at six o'clock every day and runs a marathon.9. 下列哪个短语最能表达“他很努力地工作以实现他的目标”的意思？A. He works hard to accomplish his goals.B. He labors hard to reach his objectives.C. He struggles hard to fulfill his aims.D. He strives hard to achieve his purposes.。

考研英语二模拟试题及答案解析（17）(1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.A new economics paper has some old-fashioned advice for people navigating the stresses of life: Find a spouse who is also your best friend. Social scientists have long known that __1__ people tend to be happier, but they debate whether that is because marriage causes happiness or simply because happier people are more__2__ to get married. The new paper, __3__ by the National Bureau of Economic Research, controlled for pre-marriage happiness levels. It__4__that being married makes people happier and more satisfied __5__ their lives than those who remain single—particularly during the most stressful periods, like __6__ crises.Even as fewer people are marrying, the disadvantages of remaining single have broad__7__. It´s important__8__marriage is increasingly a force behind inequality.__9__marriages are more common among educated, high-income people, and increasingly out of reach for those who are not. That divide appears to__10__not just people´s income and family stability, but also their happiness and stress levels.A quarter of today´s young adults will have never married by 2030, which would be the highest__11__in modern history, according to Pew Research Center.__12__both remaining unmarried and divorcing are more common among less-educated, lower-income people.__13__, high-income people still marry at high rates and are less likely to divorce.Those whose lives are most difficult could__14__most from marriage, according to the economists who wrote the new paper, John Helliwell and Shawn Grover. "Marriage may be most important when there is that stress in life and when things are going__15__," Mr. Grover said.__16__ marital happiness long outlasted the honeymoon period.__17__some social scientists have argued that happiness levels are innate, so people return to their natural level of well-being__18__joyful or upsetting events, the researchers found that the benefits of marriage persist. One__19__for that might be the role of friendship within marriage. Those who__20__their spouse or partner to be their best friend get about twice as much life satisfaction from marriage as others, the study found.第1题A.singleB.engagedC.marriedD.divorced第2题A.eagerB.likelyC.easyD.excited第3题A.madeB.studiedC.foundD.published第4题A.deniedB.concludedC.doubtedD.imagined第5题A.withB.fromC.byD.in第6题A.financialB.midlifeC.academicD.quarterlife第7题A.necessitiesB.transmissionsC.implicationsD.significances 第8题A.whenB.becauseC.soD.if第9题A.StableB.NormalC.ConstantD.Poor第10题A.affectB.promoteC.lowerD.control第11题A.figureB.rateC.scoreD.share第12题A.EvenB.StillC.YetD.And第13题catedB.IntelligentC.DignifiedD.Knowledgeable第14题A.stealB.chooseC.benefitD.suffer第15题A.wrongB.badC.greatD.well第16题A.FortunatelyB.UnexpectedlyC.IntriguinglyD.Surprisingly第17题A.UnlessB.HenceC.UntilD.Though第18题A.afterB.beforeC.duringD.within第19题A.optionB.reasonC.resultD.tendency第20题A.believeB.seeC.considerD.regard下一题(21~25/共20题)Section ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections :Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.The Nobel Prize is a mysterious incarnation of power and authority, an anointed ritual whose claims are accepted as part of the order of things. The Nobel Prize is at once a relic of the past and a self-admiring mirror of our democratized, scientized, secularized modern culture. After a century of existence, the Nobel has become a problematic part of modern history: it helps shape our perception of ourselves for better or worse.Like monarchy, the Nobel Prize surrounds itself with mystery and extraordinary secretiveness. Indeed, the media have more easily breached the privacy of the British royal family than that of the Nobel institution.The prizes present themselves as if handed down from eternity. But as even a cursory inspection will reveal, the juries that pick the laureates have often shown bias, lapses of judgment and bitter infighting. In the sciences, a number of quarrels, scandals, and even lawsuits have erupted over claims to priority or credit for collaborations honored by Nobles. And while widely admired, the science prizes have also been charged with swaying research goals and funding, however inadvertently, and more insidiously with corrupting scientific ambitions by the lure of Nobel fames. Such controversies, together with public dissent from several prizes, have been part of the Nobel history since its beginning. All prizes stir arguments; the Nobel´s fame simply magnifies this hugely.The very glory and stature of the Nobel Prizes prompt some sharp questions. Should such high endeavors of the human spirit as science, literature, and peace be treated as competitions, however exalted? Should these priceless efforts be paid the enormous, though "honorary," price lavished on the winners? Would it matter if there never had been a Nobel Price? Or if it vanished tomorrow? The problem is that the prices are not merely awards and medals but are aspects of power woven into our lives: it was once and future Nobelists who built the nuclear bombs that still hang fatefully over us; Nobelists now play an important part in public and military policy.It is also true that the Nobel Prizes show modern fame: the Nobel Prize pays honor to some of the highest human adventures in nature and matter, creativity and justice. Where else, moreover, can both the unfamed and the general public find a replacement for the authority and coherence, to whatever degree, the Nobel has come to possess? In a world and age as inwardly fractured as ours this is a question not lightly dismissed.第21题The Nobel has become a problematic part of modern history because ______.A.it reflects the modern world and results in many follow-up questionsB.it dismisses authority and coherenceC.the standard for the prize is unclear and arouses many questionsD.the prize cannot be seen as a driving force for social development第22题Which of the following statements is true about the Nobel Prize?A.The prizes need to be diversified.B.The prizes are unexpected to the winners.C.The prize manifests authority and coherence.D.Prejudice does not exist among the panel of judges any longer.第23题The author´s attitude towards Nobel Prize is______.A.ambiguousB.negativeC.objectiveD.critical第24题The word "fractured" (Line 5, Paragraph 4) probably imply that______.A.alienation is seen as one of the problems of modern worldB.people are stratified and separated by modern technologyC.the Nobel Prize is accepted by people from all walks of lifeD.the world is diversified and Nobel does not necessarily mean authority第25题Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.The Authority of NobelB.On the Glory of NobelC.Nobel and the Modern WorldD.A mirror of Modern Culture上一题下一题(26~30/共20题)Section ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections :Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Psychologists have known for a century that individuals vary in their cognitive ability. But are some groups, like some people, reliably smarter than others? In order to answer that question, we grouped 697 volunteer participants into teams of two to five members. Each team worked together to complete a series of short tasks, which were selected to represent the varied kinds of problems that groups are called upon to solve in the real world. One task involved logical analysis, another brainstorming; others emphasized coordination, planning and moral reasoning. Individual intelligence, as psychologists measure it, is defined by its generality: People with good vocabularies, for instance, also tend to have good math skills, even though we often think of those abilities as distinct. The results of our studies showed that this same kind of general intelligence also exists for teams. On average, the groups that did well on one task did well on the others, too. In other words, some teams were simply smarter than others.We found the smartest teams were distinguished by three characteristics. First, their members contributed more equally to the team´s discussions, rather than letting one or two people dominate the group. Second, their members scored higher on a test called Reading the Mind in the Eyes, which measures how well people can read complex emotional states from images of faces with only the eyes visible. Finally, teams with more women outperformed teams with more men. This last effect, however, was partly explained by the fact that women, on average, were better at "mindreading" than men.In a new study, we replicated these earlier findings. We randomly assigned each of 68 teams to complete our collective intelligence test in one of two conditions. Half of the teams worked face to face. The other half worked online, with no ability to see any of their teammates. We wanted to see whether groups that worked online would still demonstrate collective intelligence, andwhether social ability would matter as much when people communicated purely by typing messages into a browser.And they did. Online and off, some teams consistently worked smarter than others. More surprisingly, the most important ingredients for a smart team remained constant regardless of its mode of interaction: members who communicated a lot, participated equally and possessed good emotion-reading skills.第26题It can be inferred from the first paragraph that______.A.some groups are really smarter than othersB.the 697 volunteer participants need to complete a series of short tasks togetherC.the selected short tasks must have practical significanceD.logical analysis and brainstorming are important in each task第27题According to psychologists, individual intelligence______.A.is characterized by generalityB.is related to math skillsC.is not related to teamsD.is key to smarter teams第28题According to the author, the characteristics of smarter teams include all the following EXCEPT ______.A.the members have relatively equal contribution to the team´ s discussionsB.the members have a higher IQC.the members have a stronger ability of reading complex facial expressionsD.there are more female members than other teams第29题In a new study, the other half of people work online because______.A.it´ s necessary to ensure the accuracy of the experimentB.online collaboration is becoming more and more importantC.the experimenters want to see whether collective intelligence will be showedD.the experimenters want to prove social ability is vital to every team第30题The best title for the passage may be______.A.How to Develop a Smarter TeamB.Why Some Teams Are Smarter Than OthersC.The Characteristics of Smarter TeamD.What Factors can Affect a Team上一题下一题(31~35/共20题)Section ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections :Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Many of the tech industry´s biggest companies, like Amazon, Google, IBM and Microsoft, are jockeying to become the leader for artificial intelligence(A.I.). In the industry´s term, thecompanies are engaged in a "platform war."A platform, in technology, is essentially a piece of software that other companies build on and that consumers cannot do without. Become the platform and huge profits will follow. Microsoft dominated personal computers because its Windows software became the center of the consumer software world. Google has come to dominate the Internet through its ubiquitous search bar. If true believers in A.I. are correct that this long-promised technology is ready for the mainstream, the company that controls A.I. could steer the tech industry for years to come. "Whoever wins this race will dominate the next stage of the information age," said Pedro Domingos, a machine learning specialist and the author of "The Master Algorithm," a 2015 book that contends that A.I. and big-data technology will remake the world.In this fight—no doubt in its early stages—the big tech companies are engaged in tit-for-tat publicity stunts, circling the same start-ups that could provide the technology pieces they are missing and, perhaps most important, trying to hire the same brains. Fei-Fei Li, a Stanford University professor who is an expert in computer vision, said one of her Ph.D. candidates had an offer for a job paying more than $1 million a year, and that was only one of four from big and small companies.For years, tech companies have used man-versus-machine competitions to show they are making progress on A.I. In 1997, an IBM computer beat the chess champion Garry Kasparov. Five years ago, IBM went even further when its Watson system won a three-day match on the television trivia show "Jeopardy!" Today, Watson is the centerpiece of IBM´s A.I. efforts.By 2020, the market for machine learning applications will reach $40 billion, IDC, a market research firm, estimates. And 60 percent of those applications, the firm predicts, will run on the platform software of four companies—Amazon, Google, IBM and Microsoft. Intelligent software applications will become commonplace, said Jeff Dean, a computer scientist who oversees Google´s A.I. development. "And machine learning will touch every industry."第31题The reason for Microsoft controlling personal computers is that______.A.it has formed a good platformB.its software has gained a lot of moneyC.its Windows software became popular among consumersD.its software has been widely used in search bar第32题Google can steer the tech industry in the future on premise that______.A.it has controlled the InternetB.A.I. has prepared to be the mainstreamC.it has won in the information ageD.A.I. and big-data technology have become mature第33题The text takes "Fei-Fei Li" as an example in Paragraph 3 to show that______.A.the competition between tech companies is fierceB.the candidates from famous universities are more popularC.the higher the pay is, the more likely the candidate is to accept the offerD.perhaps tech companies are striving for the same talents第34题In which way the tech companies have used to show their progress?petitions between men and machines.B.Chess games. shows.D.The profitability of new products.第35题What´s the author´ s attitude towards the future of A.I.?A.Negative.B.Positive.C.Unclear.D.Indifferent.上一题下一题(36~40/共20题)Section ⅡReading ComprehensionDirections :Read the following four terts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A], [B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi -paycheck household could encourage marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises. Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife´ s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family´ s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family´ s financial and emotional stability. Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.Also, a major part of women´s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the Capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.第36题The word "portend"(Sentence 1, Para. 1)is closest in meaning to "______".A.defyB.signalC.suffer fromD.result from第37题It is said in the passage that when the economy slides,______.A.men would choose working women as their marriage partnersB.more women would get married to seek financial securityC.even working women would worry about their marriagesD.more people would prefer to remain single for the time being第38题If women find fulfillment through work outside the home,______.A.they are more likely to dominate their marriage partnersB.their husbands are expected to do more houseworkC.their marriage ties can be strengthenedD.they tend to put their career before marriage第39题One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that______.A.they feel that they have been robbed of their freedomB.they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbandsC.they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectationsD.they tend to suspect their husbands´ loyalty to their marriage第40题Which of the following statements can best summarize the author´s view in the passage?A.The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.B.Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.C.In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent.D.The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.上一题下一题(41~45/共5题)Part BDirections :Read the following tert and decide whether each of the statements is true or false. Choose T if the state ment is true or F if the statement is not true. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.[A]Think about how your attitude change will affect your life[B]Look for a role model[C]Be clear about your traits[D]Identify and understand what you want to change[E]Believe that you are able to change[F]Get rid of the pessimistic friends[G]Choose the right company"Our attitude toward life determines life´s attitude towards us." We´ve all heard about the power of our attitude, and that it´s our attitude that determines how much we succeed in life.If you look around you, you will see that people with a positive attitude enjoy life more and are generally happier and more successful than those who walk around grumpy and pessimistic. Our attitude is the driving force in our lives—it can either push you to do great things or pull you down to your demise.All the things that you have been through, all the people you have met and interacted with can have an impact on your attitude. If you think that all these factors have molded you into a person with a poor attitude towards life, there is no need to worry as there is always an opportunity for change. Let me share with you how I did it.__41__The first step towards change is clearly understanding what needs to be changed. Setting clear goals is the key to success in any endeavor. When it comes to changing your attitude, you need to do an honest and in-depth self-evaluation so you could point out exactly which of your traits need to be improved or totally changed.__42__We all need to know that what we´re trying to accomplish can in fact be achieved; that we can be more optimistic, more social or more patient. Find someone who has the kind of attitude that you want to have, and let his or her life give you inspiration and encouragement to move beyond your temporary failures in your journey towards becoming a better person.__43__To be able to overcome all the difficulties that lie ahead of you in your journey towards self betterment, you need to figure out exactly what this supposed change could bring to your life. Will changing your attitude mean a happier family or social life? Will a change in your attitude mean a more successful career or business? Fix your mind on the things that would come as a result of your attitude change and you will have a greater chance of reaching your goal.__44__As they say, "Bad company corrupts good character." You don´ t expect yourself to be able to change if you go on surrounding yourself with people who possess all the negative traits that you want to change. Consider befriending new people, especially those who are optimistic and have a healthy attitude towards life. You will see that your effort to change will be easier with these kinds of people as friends.__45__Often, the greatest obstacle between us and our goals is ourselves or our inability to trust in what we are able to do. If you don´t believe in yourself or believe that you or your life can change, it just won´t happen—you will either never start, or give up quickly so you won´t have even given yourself the opportunity to succeed.It cannot be denied that a positive attitude is very important for living a successful and satisfying life, so it is only right to strive to have a positive attitude.第41题第42题第43题第44题第45题上一题下一题(1/1)Part CDirections: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. (10 points)第46题For a child, happiness has a magical quality. I remember making hide-outs in newly cut hay, playing cops and robbers in the woods,getting a speaking part in the school play. For adults, happiness is complicated. As far as I am concerned, happiness is "the capacity for enjoyment". The more we can enjoy what we have, the happier we are. It´ s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from loving and being loved, the company of friends, the freedom to live where we please, even good health.While happiness may be more complex for us, the solution is the same as ever. Happiness isn´t about what happens to us; it´ s about how we perceive what happens to us. It´ s the knack of finding a positive for every negative, and viewing a set-back as a challenge. It´ s not wishing for what we don´ t have, but enjoying what we do possess._____________上一题下一题(1/1)Section WritingPart A第47题Suppose you have damaged your friend´ s computer when you lived in his house a few days ago. Write him a letter to1)make an apology, and2)suggest a solution.You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not use your own name. Use "Li Ming" instead.Do not write the address.(10 points)____________上一题下一题(1/1)Part B第48题Write an essay based on the following pie chart. In your writing, you should1)interpret the chart, and2)give your comments.You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)图片_______________上一题交卷交卷答题卡答案及解析(1~20/共20题)Section ⅠUse of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.A new economics paper has some old-fashioned advice for people navigating the stresses of life: Find a spouse who is also your best friend. Social scientists have long known that __1__ people tend to be happier, but they debate whether that is because marriage causes happiness or simply because happier people are more__2__ to get married. The new paper, __3__ by the National Bureau of Economic Research, controlled for pre-marriage happiness levels. It__4__that being married makes people happier and more satisfied __5__ their lives than those who remain single—particularly during the most stressful periods, like __6__ crises.Even as fewer people are marrying, the disadvantages of remaining single have broad__7__. It´s important__8__marriage is increasingly a force behind inequality.__9__marriages are more common among educated, high-income people, and increasingly out of reach for those who are not. That divide appears to__10__not just people´s income and family stability, but also their happiness and stress levels.A quarter of today´s young adults will have never married by 2030, which would be the highest__11__in modern history, according to Pew Research Center.__12__both remaining unmarried and divorcing are more common among less-educated, lower-income people.__13__, high-income people still marry at high rates and are less likely to divorce.Those whose lives are most difficult could__14__most from marriage, according to the economists who wrote the new paper, John Helliwell and Shawn Grover. "Marriage may be most important when there is that stress in life and when things are going__15__," Mr. Grover said.__16__ marital happiness long outlasted the honeymoon period.__17__some social scientists have argued that happiness levels are innate, so people return to their natural level of well-being__18__joyful or upsetting events, the researchers found that the benefits of marriage persist. One__19__for that might be the role of friendship within marriage. Those who__20__their spouse or partner to be their best friend get about twice as much life satisfaction from marriage as others, the study found.第1题A.singleB.engagedC.marriedD.divorced参考答案： C 您的答案：未作答答案解析：此处意为“社会科学家向来知道，______人士往往更幸福”。

模拟试题初中英语一、听力部分第一节听句子，选出与句子内容相符的图片。

每个句子读两遍。

1. Mike is riding a bike to school.2. The cat is lying on the chair.3. Sarah is gardening in the backyard.4. The teacher is writing on the blackboard.5. The boy is playing basketball in the gym.第二节听对话，选择正确答案。

每段对话读两遍。

6. A: What's your favorite subject?B: _____________________A. My favorite subject is English.B. I like playing soccer.C. I have math class on Monday.7. A: Can you play the guitar?B: _____________________A. No, I can't play the guitar.B. Yes, I can. I play it every day.C. I like singing.8. A: What are you going to do this weekend? B: _____________________A. I'll go shopping with my friends.B. I bought a new book yesterday.C. I'm reading a novel now.9. A: How do you go to school every day?B: _____________________A. By bike.B. I got up at 7 this morning.C. I go to school with my sister.10. A: What does your sister look like?B: _____________________A. She has long black hair.B. She is good at playing the piano.C. She likes watching movies.第三节听独白，选择正确答案。

教师资格认定考试初级中学英语模拟题24一、单项选择题在每小题列出的四个备选项中选择一个最佳答案。

1. In English if a word begins with a [l] or a [r], t（江南博哥）hen the next sound must be a vowel. This is a(n)______.A.assimilation ruleB.sequential ruleC.deletion ruleD.grammar rule正确答案：B[解析] 考查音系规则。

序列规则指支配音素水平组合的音系规则。

2. English consonants can be classified into stops, fricatives, nasals, etc. in terms of ______.A.manner of articulationB.openness of mouthC.place of articulationD.voicing正确答案：A[解析] 考查辅音的分类。

辅音根据发音方式(manner of articulation)的不同可以分为爆破音、摩擦音、鼻音、滑音、边音和塞擦音。

3. Operations which left patients ______ and in need of long periods of discovery time now leave them feelingrelaxed and comfortable.A.exhaustedB.unhealthyC.upsetD.fearful正确答案：A[解析] exhausted“精疲力竭的”；unhealthy“不健康的”；upset“苦恼的、不适的”；fearful“担心的、可怕的”。

结合句意“以前病人手术后精疲力竭，需长时间才能恢复，现在手术后的病人却感到既轻松又舒适。

”可知答案为A。

2024-2025学年七年级英语上学期期中模拟卷（外研版2024）（考试时间：70分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

写在本试卷上无效。

3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

4．测试范围：七年级上册Starter~Unit 2（外研版2024）。

5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷选择题（满分50分）一、语法选择（本题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

My community (社区) has a picture show — the Most Beautiful (最美) Family Photos. There are 1 family photos in the exhibition hall (展厅). My family photo is 2 of the photos. Now I want to introduce (介绍) it to you.I have a very big family. There are eight people 3 my family. In the middle of the photo are my father and mother. The old people next to them are my 4 . They are seventy years old. That woman is my 5 sister. She is my aunt Lisa. Can you 6 me? Look! I’m t he lovely girl in the first row (排). I am in 7 orange hat. I like orange best. 8 at these boys. They are Sam 9 John. They are my little brothers. I love 10 .We are also good friends and we often play baseball after school. I love my family.1．A．a little B．some C．much2．A．ones B．one C．first3．A．for B．on C．in4．A．grandparents B．grandparent C．grandparents’5．A．father B．fathers’C．father’s6．A．find B．finds C．found7．A．the B．a C．an8．A．Looking B．Look C．Looks9．A．and B．so C．but10．A．their B．them C．they二、完形填空（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡对应题目所选的选项涂黑。

国际人才英语考试(初级)模拟题(一).一、单项选择题（共10小题，每题6分，共60分）1.What role does he/she play when a teacher explains the purpose of a task, the steps to do it and its time limit? [单选题] *A. An organizer(正确答案)B. An observerC. An evaluatorD. A prompter2. What does he/she intend to do when a teacher writes the following sentences "She gets up early. She wears a uniform. She works very hard." on the blackboard at the presentation stage? [单选题] *A. Practice sentence patterns using model sentencesB. Check if students can pronounce the sentencesC. Monitor whether students can accurately express their ideasD. Draw students' attention to the form of a new language item(正确答案)3.What skill does he/she use when a student uses language knowledge and contextual clues to figure out the meaning of a new word? [单选题] *A. ContrastingB. SummarizingC. Deducing(正确答案)4.Supplementing, deleting, simplifying and reordering are often used in_____. [单选题] *A. adapting teaching materials(正确答案)B. delivering teaching materialsC. evaluating teaching materialsD. presenting teaching materials5.Which of the following is least recommended at the lead-in stage in a reading class? [单选题] *A. Activating students' schema of the topicB. Giving advice on how to use reading strategiesC. Sharing background information about the textD. Correcting language mistakes students have made(正确答案)6.Which of the following best describes the phenomenon that learners apply the skills acquired in one field to another? [单选题] *A. Transfer(正确答案)B. DeductionC. ContextualizationD. Induction7.If the focus is placed on_____, students are supposed to go through the stages of drafting，receiving feedback，and revising before submitting the final versions of their writing. [单选题] *B. process(正确答案)C. genreD. format8.What would he/she do in a reading class if a teacher wants to develop students' inferential comprehension? [单选题] *A. Ask them to retell the storyB. Ask them to underline difficult sentencesC. Ask them to read the text sentence by sentenceD. Ask them to read the text for implied meaning(正确答案)9.Which of the following activities can be used if the focus is on developing students' oral fluency in English? [单选题] *A. Blank-fillingB. Story-telling(正确答案)C. TransformationD. Translation.10.What is the focus when a teacher says to the class "Rewrite each of the following sentences using the passive voice."? [单选题] *A. SkillB. MeaningC. Structure(正确答案)D. Function二、教学情境分析题（共1题，共40分）根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。

英语二模拟测评二试卷Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points)Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. The choice of a(n) 1 should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, 2 , most people make several job choices during their working lives, 3 because of econom ic and industrial changes and partly to improve their position. The “one perfect job” does not exist. Young people should4 enter into a broad flexible training program that will fit them for a 5 of work rather than for a single job.Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans 6 benefit of help from a competent vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing 7 about the occupational world or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss 8 . Some drift from job to job. Others 9 to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitted.One 10 mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or 11 prestige. Too many high school students or their parents for them choose the professional field, 12 both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 13 . The prestige that people tend to 14 to a profession or a white-collar job is no good reason for choosing it as life’s work. 15 , these occupations are not always well paid.Before making a decision, a person should have a 16 idea of what he wants 17 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual 18 . Some want security; others are willing to take 19 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its 201. [A] identification [B] entertainment [C] accommodation [D] occupation2. [A] however [B] therefore [C]though [D]thereby3. [A]entirely [B]mainly [C] partly [D]certainly4. [A]since [B] therefore [C]furthermore [D]forever5. [A]place [B]chance [C] field [D]opening6. [A]to [B]for [C]without [D]with7. [A]little [B]few [C]much [D] a lot8. [A]chance [B]basis [C]purpose [D]opportunity9. [A]apply [B]appeal [C]stick [D]turn10.[A]common [B]prevailing [C]epidemic [D]popular11.[A]imagined [B]substantial [C]acquired [D]demanded12.[A]concerning [B]following [C]considering [D]disregarding13.[A]preferences [B]requirements [C]tendencies [D]ambitions14.[A] contribute [B]attach [C]attribute [D]allot15.[A]Since [B]But [C]Nevertheless [D]Moreover16.[A]comprehensive [B]apprehensive [C]general [D]perfect17.[A]towards [B]against [C]out of [D]without18[A]knowledge [B]satisfaction [C]culture [D]sensitivity19.[A]turns [B]parts [C]choices [D]risks20.[A] awards [B]requirements [C]results [D]needsSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1It is reported that the Supreme Court will hear arguments about the use of public money for the private schooling of children with special needs. It’s interesting to note what’s not at issue: namely, that when a public school system is unable to provide an appropriate education, it is obliged to pay the costs of private school. Too bad poor c hildren don’t have that unshakable right; if they did, there would be no controversy about the District Program that gives vouchers to low-income children to attend private school.The case to be heard by the court hinges on whether parents have to enroll a child with special needs in public school before the child can attend private school at public expense. Special education advocates say students shouldn’t have to waste time before being placed in a setting that best suits their needs, while school boards worry about a ruling that could amount to an unfettered fight to private schooling at public expense. What strikes us about the emotionally charged debate is the acceptance by both sides that sometimes it is appropriate to use public money to pay for a child to go to a private school. So, why all the arguments about the approximately $14 million for a federally funded program that lets 1.700D.C. Students attend private schools instead of failing public schools?To hear critics of the D.C. Opportunity Scholarship Program tell it, the use of public money for private schooling is as unprecedented as it is undesirable. In addition to the billions of dollars spent annually on private school tuition for students with disabilities, private schools get public money for books, technology and teacher training. As long as the money is seen as benefiting the child, it is considered a proper, even desirable, use of public dollars.Don’t get us wrong. We’re not arguing for the unilateral right of parents to enr oll their sons and daughters in any school they wish with the taxpayers picking up the bill. Abuse of special-education policies has contributed to increased costs that threaten to take needed money from general public education funds. Safeguards are needed. Public schools should be pressed to do a better job for students with disabilities and students without. But there are schools in Washington where statistics show thatfailure is almost guaranteed. If a school system can’t educate a child ---whether because of acute special needs or its own historical failings-why should that child not have options for a“free appropriate public education?”21. We can infer from the arguments at the Supreme Court that____.[A]arguing about spending public money for private schooling is ridiculous[B] public schools are of very poor education quality[C] people consider it is reasonable to use public money for certain students’private schooling.[D] too much public money is put into the private schools or children with special needs.22. The special-education advocates believe that____.[A] parents can make decisions for their children[B] children should be put directly into the private schools[C] there is no need to argue about this problem any more[D] children should try out both places before making decisions23. What does the word “ unfettered”(Para.2) mean?[A] unlimited [B]extreme [C] unwanted [D] ultimate24. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A]while putting public money in private schools, public schools can also benefit.[B] Public schools only consider the need of students without disabilities[C] It is children’s right to choose private s chools when public ones are not good enough.[D] There is evidence to show that public schools in Washington D.C. Are terrible.25. What is the author’s attitude toward using public money to pay for the private schooling of the disabled students?[A]Neutral [B] Supportive [C] Hesitant [D] DetachedText 2Police in the popular resort city Virginia Beach recently began operating video’s surveillance cameras with controversial face recognition technology. Virginia B each and Tampa in Florida are two cities in the United States to acquire the technology, which costs $197,000.”Before we switched it on, we went through an extensive education process with hearings and the involvement of citizen groups and minority groups, who h elped write the policies we are using” said deputy police chief Greg Mullen. A citizens’ auditing committee has the right to perform unannounced spot checks on police headquarters to make sure the technology is not being misused.Three of the city’s 13 cameras are linked full-time to the face recognition system, though the others can be activated as needed. The database of wanted people is updated every day. So far, the system has failed to produce a single arrest, though it has generated a few false alarms. It works by analyzing faces based on a series of measurements, such as the distance from the tip of the nose to the chin or the spacebetween the eyes. Critics say it is highly inaccurate and can be easily fooled. Mullen, who sees the system eventually being linked to the databases of other city, state and federal law enforcement agencies to track criminals and suspected terrorists, said:”The system doesn’t look at skin color or your hair or your gender. It takes human prejudices out of the equation.”“This technology has little or no effort on the crime rate but it does have an effect on people’s behavior. People feel cowed” said Bruce Steinhardt, who directs the technology. Despite the fact that tests have shown face recognition only works in around 30 percent of cases, the ACLU is alarmed that the technology may soon spread to airports. The organization also fears it could potentially be used to monitor individuals’ political activities to harass law-abiding citizens.“This kind of surveillance should be subject to the same procedures as wiretaps. Law enforcement agencies should justify why they need it and it should be tightly limited, otherwise it will soon become a tool of social control”, said Mihir Kshirsagar of the Electronic Information Privacy Center. Nor does such criticism come exclusively from the political left. Lawyer John Whitehead, founder of the conservative Rutherford Institute, wrote in an editorial that the technology threatened the right of each U.S. citizen to participate in society. “After all, that is exactly what constant surveillance is- the ultimate implied threat of coercion,” he wrote.26. Mullen’s statement in Paragraph 1 indicates that______.[A] Police is confident in using the technology[B] Police has made preparation for the use of the technology[C] Citizens have rights over managing the technology[D] Police has gone through public education process27. The system fails to arrest a wanted person in that______[A] The measurements are not accurate in recognizing people.[B] The system does not look at skin color or one’s gender.[C]The system just analyses faces through measuring and doesn’t considerpeople’s specific features.[D] The system is highly inaccurate and can be easily fooled.28. What is the ACLU’s attitude toward the system?[A]Worried [B] Skeptical [C] Confident [D] Indifferent29. In John Whitehead’s opinion, face recognition technology ____.[A]may interfere with people’s privacy[B]may e nhance the country’s constant surveillance[C]can be used in the same way wiretaps are used[D]can be used after its threat has been removed30. What is the passage mainly about?[A]Disadvantages of face recognition technology[B] Purposes of face recognition technology[C]Controversial face recognition technology[D]Effect of face recognition technologyText 3What’s a label worth? A lot, it seems.Michael Hiscx and Nicholas Smyth, two Harward University researchers, conducted an experiment on two sets of towels in an upmarket New York shop. One lot carried a label with the logo”Fair and Square” and the following message: These towels have been make under fair labor conditions, in a safe and healthy working environment which is free of discrimination, and where management has committed to respecting the rights and dignity of workers.The other set had no such label. Over five months, the researchers observed the impact of making various changes such as switching the label to the other set of towels and raising prioes. The results were striking: not only did sales of towels increase when they carried the Fair and Square label, they carried on increasing each time the price was raised.No wonder companies are keen to appeal to ethically(i.e. morally) minded consumers, whether on labor standards or green credentials. Timberland, a New Hampshire outdoor-gear company, is introducing detailed “Green Index” labels on its shoes. Tesco, M&S and Wal-Mart have all launched initiatives that bet on the rise of the ethical consumer.M&S estimates that about three-quarters of British consumers are interested in the green theme in some way. But even the keenest ethical consumer faces complicated situations, and sometimes the apparently obvious ethical choice turns out to be the wrong one. Surely it must be greener for Britons to buy roses from the Netherlands than ones air- freighted from Kenya? In fact, a study showed that related green house gas to the Dutch roses to be six times as large because they had to be grown in heated greenhouses.Joel Makower, editor of GreenBiz. Com, says that, given a choice, most consumers will choose the greener product--provided it does not cost any more, comes from a trusted maker, requires no special effort to buy or use and is at least as good as the alternative. “That’s almost an impossible barrier for any product,” he notes.So shoppers will still flock to shops selling cheap products of decent quality, ignoring how these are made. They will often buy more if a product is attractively presented, never mind that the packaging may be wasteful. And when companies try to do the right thing, consumers will not always go along with them.The lesson for companies is that selling green is hard work. And it is no good getting too far ahead of the customer. Half a step ahead is about right. Much more, and you won’t sell. Any less, and you won’t lead.31.The experiment on the towels indicated that ____.[A] consumers liked to purchase labeled products[B] consumers would buy goods when prices rose[C] consumption was influenced by green labels[D] ethical concern may influence consumption32.According to the text, consumers’ ethical choice____.[A] determines the production of commodities[B] forces companies to sell green products only[C] leads to higher labor and green standards[D] leads companies to modify business activities33. It can be inferred from the fourth paragraph that____.[A] green buying may be at higher environment cost[B]green production is actually complicated business[C]Dutch rose growth is greener than Kenya ones[D]British consumers actually oppose green farming34. According to Joel Makower, most consumers ______.[A] buy green products when given a choice[B] reject greener products for various reasons[C] pay more attention to the price of a product[D] refuse to follow the activities of companiespanies may learn the lesson that____.[A] it is not worthwhile leading the consumers[B] the customers are not easily to be mislead[C] green policy is nor effective for marketing[D] companies need a balanced green policyText 4An industrial society, especially one as centralized and concentrated as that of Britain, is heavily dependent on certain essential services; for instance, electricity supply, water, rail and road transport, and harbors. The area of dependency has widened to include removing rubbish, hospital and ambulance services, and, as the economy develops, central computer and information services as well. If any of these services ceases to operate, the whole economic system is in danger.It is this economic interdependence of the economic system which makes the power of trade unions such an important issue. Single trade unions have the ability to cut off many countries’ economic blood supply. This can happen more easily in Britain than in some other countries, in part because the labor force is highly organized. About 55 percent of British workers belong to unions, compared to under a quarter in the United States. For historical reasons, Britain’s unions have tended to develop along trade and occupational lines, rather than on an industry-by-industry basis, which makes a wages policy, democracy in industry and the improvement of procedure for fixing wage levels difficult to achieve.There are considerable strains and tensions in the trade union movement, some of them arising from their outdated and inefficient structure. Some unions have lost many members because of their industrial changes. Others are involved in arguments about who should represent workers in new trades. Unions for skilled trades are separate from general a union, which means that different levels of wages for certain jobs are often a source of bad feelings between unions. In traditional trades which arebeing pushed out of existence by advancing technologies, unions can fight for their member s’ disappointing jobs to the point where the jobs of other union members are threatened or destroyed. The printing of newspapers both in the United States and in Britain has frequently been halted by the efforts of printer to hold on to their traditional highly-paid jobs.Trade unions have problems of internal communication just as managers in companies do, problems which multiply in very large unions or in those which bring workers in very different industries together into a single general union. Some trade union officials have to be re-elected regularly; others are elected, or even appointed, for life. Trade union officials have to work with a system of “shop stewards” in many unions,” shop stewards” being workers elected by other workers as their representatives as factory or works level.36. Britain especially depends upon certain essential services partly because _____.[A] its industry is highly centralized and concentrated[B] its transport system often fails[C] its economic system is at high risk[D] its electricity supply is inadequate37. The author mentions Britain’s economic interdependency in the first paragraph in order to _____.[A] depict the UK’s state of danger[B] reveal the UK’s dependency on certain essential services[C] explain the various areas of dependency in Britain[D] introduce the topic under discussion38. The different proportions of workers in Britain and America are mentioned in paragraph so as to______.[A] show the highly organized workforce in Britain[B] reveal that Britain and America have different developing lines[C]indicate that 55% of Britain workers belong to unions[D]manifest that British unions are much stronger than those in U.S.39. According to the text, some traditional trades are vanishing because of _____.[A]the emergence of new trends[B]technological advances[C] the considerable strains and tensions in the trade union movement[D]the prevalence of skilled trades40. The most appropriate title for this text could be______.[A] The British Trade Unions’ Power and Problems[B] The Power of the Trade Unions in UK[C] British Heavy Dependency on Certain Services[D] The British Trade Unions’ Problems and Their SolutionsPart BDirections: Read the following text and answer questions by finding a subtitle for each of the marked parts or paragraphs. There are two extra items in the subtitles. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.( 10 points)[A]Geniuses were born with assuming responsibilities[B] Accepting responsibilities and ready to embrace failure[C] Take action to achieve your responsibilities[D]Stress is the main reason for most people not becoming leaders[E] Taking and assuming responsibilities can help defeat fear[F] Leadership is closely related to responsibilities[G]Dedicating is the key to be a geniusWhen entering a room, are you looking around or are you plainly confident and going straight somewhere? Well, if you answered that you’d be looking around; you don’t have leadership skills yet.41.______________________.Leaders enter every place having in mind that they are the leaders and that people will be looking at them for cues on how to behave in their presence. They have an aura of confidence and they let no one walk on their foot. But not all persons were born leaders; some skills acquired in your life can help you improve your leadership. Increasing your leadership skills is a question of taking responsibility and especially assuming them.42.______________________.First, you must accept to take responsibility you would not take in the past and you must accept that you might do them not correctly. It is fine for everyone to learn and to make errors. Imagine if you were to start learning out to write and you wouldn’t be allowed to practice.If after a few times you were not able to write correctly, you would have to quit, who would you been now? Well, you wouldn’t be able to read this and you wouldn’t be able to comment or to write anything. You would not be able to get a job that requires you to report to someone else. You would not be able to communicate over the Internet with others using e-mails. You see, it’s okay to fail even it’s the first time or 2000th time.43. __________________________.Second, like it was stated before, you must take responsibilities and then assured them. Assuming means you must take action and to take action is to take decisions. Not only will it take decision, but you will follow them. When you follow what you’ve decided you go forward. This way you will be learning much faster from your errors, and you will become one of the best.43. ____________________________.You see people call others geniuses. What is a genius? Someone was born with the talents or someone that is so good that everyone thinks he’s a genius? You see, most people accept that geniuses are people that are good at what they are doing. I don’t think that someone was born with the talent of a genius that he could play the piano.They must have learned, failed, worked hard to become what is called a genius. It’s not that hard to become a genius. All you have to do is dedicate some time to one of your passions and get into it as far as you can.45. __________________________.Everyone wants to become a leader but most don’t become leaders because it involves too much work and especially too much stress. All that stress is caused by fear. Fear of the unknown. When you know what to do and you accepted to take responsibilities and assume them, becoming a leader is much more interesting than being one of the crowd. Go work on your leadership skills. Accept your responsibilities and take actions.. Section III Translation46. Directions: In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)Winter holidays can be a dangerous time for people who have heart disease. In fact, according to an article citing a study by Ted Ning, Christmas has the highest rate of death caused by heart attack, followed by December 26 and New Year’s Eve. Why? “During the holidays, a lot of Americans eat too much and drink more alcohol while ditching their exercise routine.” said Ning.A heart attack can start slowly with a clot blocking blood flow to the heart, but as the minutes tick by, the heart muscle is suffering permanent damage. Women are more likely than men to experience vague symptoms such as shortness of breath of breath or back pain. Youth, relatively speaking, is no reason to disregard these symptoms, especially if yo u’re female. Heart attacks are up 32 percent in the last decade among women under the age of 50, which is troubling in the light of a 2007 study that found more than half of women under the age of 55 who suffer a heart attack ignore their symptoms for more than an hour.Section IV WritingPart A47. Directions: A chemical plant should be responsible for the air pollution in your city. Write a letter to the City Environmental Protection Agency to1) give your opinions briefly;2) make two or three suggestionsYou should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET.Do not sign your name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming instead”Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B48. Directions: Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing you should1) describe the chart, and2) give your comments.You should write at least 150 words.Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)。