现场(工程)英语汇总

工程施工现场英语作文{z}Title: Construction Site SceneIntroduction:The construction site is a bustling and dynamic place where numerous activities take place simultaneously.It is a common sight in urban areas, where skyscrapers and infrastructure projects are constantly emerging.This essay aims to provide a vivid description of a typical construction site, highlighting the various elements that contribute to its vibrant atmosphere.Body:As one approaches the construction site, the sound of machinery and loud conversations can be heard from afar.The site is bustling with activity, as workers in safety helmets and high-visibility vests go about their tasks with precision and urgency.Bulldozers, excavators, and cranes are busy at work, moving earth, concrete, and steel with ease.The site is divided into different areas, each with its specific purpose.One area is dedicated to the storage of construction materials, such as bricks, steel bars, and concrete blocks.Another area is reserved for the temporary offices and trailers that serve as administrative centers for the project.The construction site is a hive of activity, with workers moving back and forth, carrying out their respective responsibilities.Some areoperating heavy machinery, while others are involved in manual labor, such as bricklaying or concrete pouring.The atmosphere is one of cooperation and teamwork, as everyone works towards a common goal.Safety is a paramount concern on the construction site.Flags and signage are prominently displayed, reminding workers and visitors to exercise caution.Barricades and fences are set up to prevent unauthorized access to hazardous areas.Regular safety briefings and training sessions are conducted to ensure that everyone is aware of the necessary precautions to take.The construction site is not just a workplace; it is also a temporary home for many workers.Temporary housing facilities, such as dormitories and mess halls, are set up to accommodate the workforce.These facilities provide a place for workers to rest, relax, and socialize after a long day of work.Conclusion:The construction site is a dynamic and bustling place where numerous activities come together to create a vibrant atmosphere.It is a testament to human ingenuity and perseverance, as workers tirelessly contribute to the development and progress of society.The construction site serves as a reminder of the importance of teamwork, safety, and hard work in achieving common goals.。

(完整版)工程英语词汇一、基础工程词汇1. 工程：Engineering2. 项目：Project3. 设计：Design4. 施工：Construction5. 监理：Supervision6. 材料：Material7. 结构：Structure8. 质量：Quality9. 安全：Safety10. 进度：Schedule二、土木工程词汇1. 土壤：Soil2. 基础：Foundation3. 桥梁：Bridge4. 隧道：Tunnel5. 路面：Pavement6. 水利：Hydraulic Engineering7. 港口：Harbor8. 道路：Road9. 铁路：Railway10. 地铁：Subway三、建筑工程词汇1. 建筑物：Building2. 楼层：Floor3. 墙体：Wall4. 屋顶：Roof5. 窗户：Window6. 门：Door7. 楼梯：Stairs8. 幕墙： Curtain Wall9. 装修：Decoration10. 室内设计：Interior Design四、电气工程词汇1. 电路：Circuit2. 电线：Wire3. 开关：Switch4. 插座：Outlet5. 发电机：Generator6. 变压器：Transformer7. 电动机：Motor8. 电池：Battery9. 照明：Illumination10. 控制系统：Control System五、机械工程词汇1. 机械：Machine2. 零件：Part3. 轴承：Bearing4. 齿轮：Gear5. 润滑：Lubrication6. 紧固件：Fastener7. 焊接：Welding8. 冲压：Stamping9. 加工：Machining10. 装配：Assembly六、环境工程词汇1. 环境：Environment2. 污染：Pollution3. 废水：Wastewater4. 废气：Waste Gas5. 噪音：Noise6. 固体废物：Solid Waste7. 污染治理：Pollution Control8. 节能：Energy Saving9. 环保：Environmental Protection10. 可持续发展：Sustainable Development七、信息技术工程词汇1. 信息技术：Information Technology (IT)2. 网络：Network3. 服务器：Server4. 数据库：Database5. 编程：Programming6. 软件开发：Software Development7. 硬件：Hardware8. 云计算：Cloud Computing9. 大数据：Big Data八、化学工程词汇1. 化学反应：Chemical Reaction2. 流体力学：Fluid Mechanics3. 热力学：Thermodynamics4. 分离过程：Separation Process5. 反应器：Reactor6. 材料 science：Material Science7. 质量传递：Mass Transfer8. 能量传递：Energy Transfer9. 过程控制：Process Control10. 安全工程：Safety Engineering九、航空航天工程词汇1. 航空：Aeronautics2. 航天：Astronautics3. 飞行器：Aircraft4. 发射：Launch5. 航天器：Spacecraft6. 导航：Navigation7. 飞行控制系统：Flight Control System8. 火箭：Rocket9. 卫星：Satellite10. 航天站：Space Station十、生物医学工程词汇1. 生物医学：Biomedical2. 生物材料：Biomaterial3. 医疗设备：Medical Device4. 生物力学：Biomechanics5. 细胞工程：Cell Engineering6. 基因工程：Genetic Engineering7. 仿生学：Bionics8. 生物传感器：Biosensor9. 医学影像：Medical Imaging10. 组织工程：Tissue Engineering十一、项目管理词汇1. 项目管理：Project Management2. 项目经理：Project Manager3. 项目规划：Project Planning4. 项目预算：Project Budget5. 项目进度：Project Schedule6. 风险管理：Risk Management7. 质量管理：Quality Management8. 成本控制：Cost Control9. 团队协作：Team Collaboration10. 项目交付：Project Delivery十二、建筑信息模型(BIM)词汇1. 建筑信息模型：Building Information Modeling (BIM)2. 三维模型：3D Model3. 四维建模：4D Modeling（时间维度）4. 五维建模：5D Modeling（成本维度）5. BIM软件：BIM Software6. 模型协调：Model Coordination7. 数字化施工：Digital Construction8. BIM协作：BIM Collaboration9. 可视化：Visualization10. 仿真分析：Simulation Analysis十三、绿色建筑与可持续性词汇1. 绿色建筑：Green Building2. 可持续性：Sustainability3. 节能：Energy Efficiency4. 碳排放：Carbon Emission5. 绿色认证：Green Certification6. 生态设计：Esign7. 资源循环：Resource Recycling8. 生物多样性：Biodiversity9. 低影响开发：Low Impact Development (LID)10. 环境生命周期评估：Environmental Life Cycle Assessment十四、电子工程与自动化词汇1. 电子工程：Electronics Engineering2. 电路板：Circuit Board3. 集成电路：Integrated Circuit (IC)4. 传感器：Sensor5. 自动化：Automation6. 控制系统：Control System7. 技术：Robotics8. 伺服电机：Servo Motor9. 可编程逻辑控制器：Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)10. 工业互联网：Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)十五、地质工程与矿业词汇1. 地质工程：Geological Engineering2. 地层：Stratum3. 岩土工程：Geotechnical Engineering4. 钻探：Drilling5. 矿业：Mining6. 采掘：Excavation7. 岩石力学：Rock Mechanics8. 地下水：Groundwater9. 防滑坡：Landslide Prevention10. 矿物加工：Mineral Processing。

ENGLISH ON SITE 现场英语一、Greetings and Introductions问候和介绍1. How do you do? 你好吗？（初次见面）2. How are you? 你好吗？（日常见面，问健康情况）3. Fine, thanks. 很好，谢谢。

4. I am very well, thank you. 我很好，谢谢。

5. Good morning, Mr. Jack. 早安，贾克先生。

6. Good afternoon, Miss Mary. 午安，玛莉小姐。

7. Good evening, Dr. John. 晚上好，约翰博士。

8. Very pleased to meet you, you are welcome. 见到你很高兴，欢迎你。

9. I am very glad to see you. 我很高兴见到你。

10. Welcome to China. 欢迎你到中国来！11. Welcome to our job site. 欢迎到我们工地来。

12. For our friendship and cooperation, I wish we shall have a friendly cooperation in coming days.祝愿友谊与合作，希望今后友好共事。

13. Let us work together for our common job.让我们为共同的事业一起工作吧！14. Happy New Year! 新年快乐！15. Happy Spring Festival! 春节快乐！16. Merry Christmas! 圣诞快乐！17. Congratulations to your National Day! 祝贺你们的国庆节！18. Happy birthday to you! 祝你生日快乐！19. Allow me to introduce myself, my name is Jiang Ming.请允许我介绍自己，我的名字叫江明。

工程施工现场英语作文At the construction site, there are several things that need to be taken care of on a daily basis in order to ensure the safety and efficiency of the project.Firstly, it is important to ensure that all workers are equipped with the necessary safety gear and are following the proper safety protocols. This includes wearing hard hats, safety goggles, and steel-toed boots, as well as following all safety procedures when operating heavy machinery.Secondly, it is important to maintain a clean and organized work environment. This includes regularly removing debris and waste materials from the site, as well as properly storing and securing all tools and equipment when not in use.Additionally, it is important to regularly inspect and maintain all machinery and equipment to ensure that it is in proper working condition. This includes checking for any signs of wear or damage, as well as performing regular maintenance tasks such as oil changes and lubrication.In terms of communication, it is important to have clear and open lines of communication between all workers and supervisors on the site. This includes regularly holding safety meetings and briefings to ensure that everyone is aware of any potential hazards or changes to the work environment.Lastly, it is important to always be mindful of the surrounding environment and any potential hazards that may arise. This includes being aware of any potential weather-related risks, as well as being mindful of any nearby pedestrian or vehicle traffic.在工程施工现场，有几件事情需要每天都要处理，以确保项目的安全和效率。

工程词汇大全一项目建议Project suggestion项目概略Project general situation资格qualification预备资格prequalification商务条款与条件commercial terms and condition 商务commercial技术technical技术说明technical specification建议书proposal book资料费information price估价estimated price报价quoted price报价书quotation报价资料Quotation document工艺说明process description工艺特色process feature经验记录experience record工艺性能process performance设备表equipment list说明，规定，规格specification简要说明short specification条件图sketch drawing流程图flow diagram均衡图balance diagram方框图block diagramP&图P&I diagram单线图single line diagram部署图layout平面部署图plot plan总图general plot plan (general layout) 附件appendix资料，文件documentation 合同技术用语保证guarantee性能保证performance guarantee 时间保证time guarantee交货保证delivery guarantee建筑保证workmanship guarantee 生产能力capacity质量quality耗费量consumption原资料feedstock原料raw material协助原料sub-raw material产品product副产品by-product中间产品intermediate公用工程utility燃料fuel化学品chemical界区battery limits界区（进料）incoming界区（出料）outgoing界区条件battery limits condition （配管图）分界线match line工厂、装置plant设备equipment重点设备critical equipment专利设备proprietary equipment 有位号设备itemized equipment无位号设备non-itemized equipment 散装资料bulk material施工资料material of construction 仪表instrument备品备件spare parts建筑工具construction aid 手续费commission（现场）居住设备accommodation 不行预示费contingency现场差遣expatriate 外汇风险exchange risk运行率on stream factor 易货风险compensation运行天数stream day 直接花费direct cost系列train 间接花费indirect cost日历日calender day 项目管理费project expense日历月calender month 现场管理费field expense机械（试车）完工mechanical completion 一般管理费overhead试车trial operation 收益profit首次试车initial oeperation 生活费living expense开车start up 出勤津贴daily allowance注油oil in （出差）准备费outfit allowance投料feed in 劳务费labour cost首次出料first drop 基本薪资base wage保证试运行guarantee test run 赔偿费payroll burden装置查收plant acceptance 福利费fringe beneft移交turnover议定书protocol 可行性研究估量estimate 可行性feasibility估量estimate 现场选定site selection概算budgetary estimate （现场）地点location计算slide 市场marketing幂指数power term 可获收益profitability（花费）分类、分项价钱breakdown 生产成本production cost外汇foreign currency 经营费operation cost当地钱币local currency 可变为本variable cost可兑换钱币convertible currency 不变为本fixed cost专利费license fee 总投资total investment cost 专利权税royalty 流动资本working capital改动专利权税running royalty 固定资本fixed capital cost专有技术费knowhow fee 总资本total capital cost基础设计费basic engineering fee 折旧费depreciation代理费agent fee 现金流量cash flow折现现金流量Discount cash flow工况研究case study产权资本，自有资本equity建设资本利息interest during construction业务范围现场勘察site survey工艺设计process design基础设计basic engineering基础设计包basic design package详尽设计detail engineering采买procurement海运ocean transportation陆运inland transportation安装erection work土建工作civil work施工construction work暂时工作temporary work投料试车commissioning培训training（现场）指导supervisory service顾问advisory service初步设计preliminary project最后设计final project基础设备infrastructure上部结构superstructure软件software硬件hardware工厂分类与设计处女地工厂grass root plant总厂integral plant分厂single plant成套装置package plant 翻版（设计）厂copy plant生产厂commercial plant中试工厂pilot plant试验室规模装置bench scale unit石化总厂petrochemical complex下游（厂）downstream( 工业）放大scale-up扩建expansion改建、改正modification镜像部署mirror image设计余量overdesign降负荷运行turndown除去瓶颈debottlenecking工厂模型plant model设备工艺装置process plant装置区内on site装置区外off site界区内inside battery limit界区外outside battery limit公用工程设备utility facility储存设备storage facility协助设备auxiliary facility连接interconnection主变电所main substation发电设备power generation facilityemergerncy powergeneration 事故发电设备facility水办理装置water treatment facility冷却塔cooling tower抽水设备water intake facility海水淡化妆置desalination facility蒸汽发生装置steam generation facilityinstrument air generation 仪表空气发生装置facility惰性气发生装置inert gas generation facility空分装置air separation facility罐区tank yard散装储存设备bulk storage facility包装机械bagging facility制袋设备bag making facility装瓶设备bottling facility装货设备loading facility卸货设备unloading facility铁路侧线railway siding栈桥jetty行政办公室administration building维修车间maintenance shop中央化验室central laboratory内部通信设备intercommunication facility广播系统pulic address system寻呼系统paging facility消防设备fire fighting facility安全器具safety equipment生活设备colony公用设备townshop娱乐设备recreation facility有关公司承包商contractor主承包商prime contractor分包商subcontractor直接花费dicrect hire专利商licenser转专利者sub-licenser专利使用者licensee专利拥有者patent owner竞争者competitor国际财团consertium合作者collaberator买方（ 1） buyer（ 2） purchaser 卖方seller厂商vender制造商(1)maker(2)manufacturer业主owner顾问consultant技术顾问technical adviser用户user最后用户end user客户（ 1） customer（ 2） client代理商agent挂名人dummy二招标合同招标概略询价inquiry报价、估价书quotation/ estimation招标、招标书bid/ tender招标资料bid documents预审pre-qualification意愿书letter of intent合同用语协议agreement合同、契约contract注销cancellation商定consideration合同转让assignment of contract不行抗力force majeure仲裁arbitration基本法governing law奥密条款（ 1） secrecy clause（ 2） non-disclosure clause 预约破坏赔偿费liquidated damages总倍偿额度total liability连带（债务）joint and several优先债权lien免去waiver保证guaranty担保warranty赔偿indemnity定义definition增额escalation罚款penalty支付条款terms of payment税金tax and duties入侵专利patent infringement最高现额ceiling任命书power of atterney保证金bond合同形式招标合同competitive bid contract议付合同negotiated contractFOB合同FOB-type contract成套承包合同（ 1） turnkey contract（交钥匙合同）（ 2） chef montage contract 总付合同lump sum price contract单价契约unit price contract正价加附带费合同cost plus fee contract预招标协议pre-bid agreement产品抵债products sharing互购交易counterpurchase transaction三支付、金融、财务支付、金融支付条款、支付条件payment terms缓期付款deferred payment保存款项、保存资本retention money按期付款schedule payment施工分期付款progressive payment付款交单D/P documents against payment承兑交单 D/A document against acceptance 信贷、信誉credit卖方信贷，供给商信贷supplier , s credit买方信贷buyer , s credit银行借贷bank loan财政、金融finance借钱、借贷loan归还reimburse, reimbursement保证书letter of guarantee信誉证、信贷证letter of credit外汇兑换率exchange rate兑换单，汇票票据documentary bill of exchange汇款、汇兑基金remittance财务自然增加基数accrual basis财产欠债表，决算表balance sheet损益报表 P&L profit and loss statement四采买、运输、保险进出口手续export licese出口同意证改正E/L amendCOCOM coordinating committee标准结算方法standard payment非标准结算方法non-standard paymentDBC draw-back cargo出口申报银行export declaration bank E/D 出口申报单export declaration custom进口同意证import license进口申报单import declaration保税地区bonded area关税import duty原产地证明书certificate of origin发票invoice运输装箱单packing list提单bill of lading [B/L]指示提单order B/L直接提单straight B/L装运提单shipped B/L, ON-board B/L备运提单received B/L不附带条件的提单clean B/L不洁提单dirty B/L,foul B/L直运提单direct B/L联运提单through B/L 船上收货单,mate s receipt装货通知单shipping order [s/o]交货单delivery order [d/o]空运货单airway bill海上运费ocean freight海上运费联盟freight conference目的地付费freight payable at destination出港前付费freight prepaid码头工人搬运费stevedorage空载运费dead freightexpected time ofarrival 船到港预准时间[ETA]船离港预准时间expected time of departure海关快速发货custom quick despatch滞船费demurrage码头搬运商stevedore超尺寸运输over-dimension cargo保险海上保险marine cargo insurance现场指导失误保险supervisor , s risk insurance贸易条件（ 1） EX works出厂价（ 2） EX factony（ 3） EX mill海上交货FOB-named port of shipment合保险海上交货CIF-named port of destination国境交货条件franco frontier采买采买procurement厂家vendor厂家一览表vendor list市场价market price黑市价dark price现价up-to-date price level报价quotation偏差表deviation list到货时间time of delivery（ 1） terms of payment支付方式（ 2） payment conditions（ 3） payment terms延缓支付deferred payment现金支付cash on delivery分期支付instalment payment早先支付down payment发货前支付advance payment到货后支付progress payment计划支付scheduled payment购置条件terms and conditions of purchase 折价discount谈判、交涉negotiation澄清clarification购置意愿intent to purchase比较表tabulation评标evaluation价钱剖析value analysis订购单purchase order改正订购单change order支付方式method of payment现金cash支票check期货promissory note催货expediting追踪系统follow-up system包装包装packing防锈包装rust-proof packing防湿润包装moisture-proof packing防水包装water-proof packing软包装shrink packing木箱wooden box板条箱crate框架箱framed box滑撬底座skid base码垛盘pallet侧板side plate吊具sling fitting花蓝螺丝turnbuckle钢带steel strapping角保护带edge protecter closure plate 保护角corner protecter板board合板plywood缓冲资料cushioning material通气孔盖ventilation cover超载superimposed load开包unpacking船上标记shpping mark注意标记care mark五项目履行及花费管理项目履行总图会议kick-off meeting项目研究会议project study meeting动工会议launching meeting项目报告project reporting审察会议screening meeting进展报告progress report协调过程coordination procedure改正指示change order认同approval 改良工作improvement work复阅review 闲滞idie工程工时报告man-hour report项目完工报告job close-out report job man-hours performance 项目履行报告job performance report 项目工时汇总report完工汇编close-out book花费分类反应系统feed back systemcode of account项目设计条件project design information 花费分类major account会签inter-department check 主帐工程设计engineering design 分帐sub-account工艺条件确认engineering review 设备位号item number工艺条件校核engineering checking组织project performance check项目达成指标审察表sheet 指定assignapproved for construction 借调on-lcan施工版(AFC) 项目成员project member设计改正error report 项目经理project manager技术文件technical data book 项目经理助理assistant project managerprocess data for piping 施工经理construction manager管道资料工艺条件material开车经理operation managerloading data荷载条件现场指挥field manager重点路径法critical path method项当先期经理proposal manager重点路径进度表critical path scheduling估量员estimatorprogram evaluation and review原始购销员originatorPERT technique协调员coordinator项目设计协调员project design coordinator花费及工时管理工程估量project control budget标准化，资料管理，法例，工时man-hour M/H六规格工日man-day M/H标准化人月man-month M/H标准化standardizationtime sheet考勤表标准、规格standard工作号work number工程规定engineer specification项目号job number项目特别要求specific job requirement先期项目号propesal number工程手册engineering manual标准图standard drawing 次序索引penmuted index工程用表格engineering form 有关索引coordinate index法例law and regulation 主题剖析subjeckt analysis法律law 统计分类statistical classificationuniversal decimal 资料管理国际十进分类法classification情报管理information and documentation 借阅卡片visible card信息中心information center 书卡book card调研（追述）retrospective searching 档案系统filing systemselective dissemination of 微缩复制microcopy信息选择服务information 微缩系统micro-system情报追踪current awareness 微缩卡片fiche film检索效率retrieval efficieney资料documents 法例原文件primary sources 高压气体取消法high pressure gas control law文件纲要secondary scurces 消防法fire service law边载刊物seriais 劳动安全卫生法industrial safety and health law按期刊物periodieals 建筑基本法building standard law（学会）纪要memoirs 单位制system of units会报transactions 国际单位制international system of units会谈论文conference paper工厂系统图.设备部署会议纪录proceedings七图 . 配管图及资料统计索引期刊index journal图纸、条件图文件期刊abstract journal工艺流程图process flow diagram情报纲要informative abstracts管道仪表流程图process piping & instrument提示文稿indicative abstractsflow diagram(PID)图书目录book cataing公用工程流程图utility flow diagram(UFD)标题目录title cataing框图block flow diagram总目录union catalog公用工程介质均衡图utility balance diagram标准目录standard cutalog平面部署图plot plan重点词keyword立面部署图general arrangement省略词stopword总图general plot planKWIC索引keyword-in -conters index规划图planning drawingKWOC索引keyword -out-of -context index管道研究图piping study drawing管道部署图 ( 配管图 ) piping arrangement drawing 分区图key plan管道走向研究图piping routing stuty drawing 地下管道图underground piping drawing 管道特别管件图piping special parts drawing 管架详图piping hanging drawing预制图prefabrication drawing参照图reference drawing通用图typical drawing制造厂图vender , s drawing管道轴测图isometric piping drawing完工图as-built drawing模型model管线表line schedule计算书calculation sheet图纸目录drawing schedule发图阶段issue stage版次revision number编号系统numbering system比率scale工厂北向plant north海平面标高over-sea mean level标高elevation已有钢结构existing structure装货区loading area公用工程站utility station柱号column number净空headroom通道access way小通道cat way钢结构顶部标高top of structure elevation管底标高bottom of piping elevation 主管口径run size顶平偏爱异径管eccentric reducer top flat 中心到面的距离center to face工作点标高working point elevation 管架标明nanging marking冷拉cold spring管线记号line symbol管线接口line connection物流号stream NO管线号line NO.管道等级号(1)class designation(2)spec designation阀门号valve NO等级剖析specification break重要管道critical piping总管header pipe仪表管道instrument piping排放管道blowdown piping火炬气管道flare piping输送管线transfer line进口管线suction line排水管effluent line旁通管bypass line吹扫系统purge system放空接口vent connection软管接口hose connection双切断阀及排放阀double block and bleeder 污水渠sewer ditch冷凝液池condensate pit积水坑sump box漏斗drip funnel管段spool piece垫环spacer ring限流孔板restriction orifice流量喷咀flow nozzle液体混淆用三通mixing tee喷头spray nozzle粗滤器strainer暂时粗滤器temporary strainer 疏水阀steam trap爆破膜rupture disk蒸汽伴热管道steam-traced piping 夹套管道jacketed piping地下管道underground piping管道因素钢管steel piping螺纹端管threaded pipe法兰端管flanged pipe锻制的swage圆滑弯管smooth bendU 型弯管u-bend弯管bending pipe涟漪管膨胀节expansinon bellows 柔性管flexible pipe管件接头pipe fitting joint机械连结mechanical joint活套连结lapped joint环形垫连结ring type joint扩口接头flare type joint非扩口接头flareless type joint 承插连结bell and spigot victaulic接头victaulic joint弯头elbow异径管reducer管接头coupling活接头union短管nipple法兰flange配对法兰companion flange 法兰盖blind flange异径法兰reducing flange八字盲板（ 1） spectactle blind（ 2） reversible blind平板式法兰plate flange带颈法兰hubbed flange对焊法兰welding neck flange松套法兰loose flange管端突缘stub end法兰面flange face垫片沟槽gasket groove满平面full face突面raised face大准槽面large tongue and groove face 双凹凸面double male &female face大凹凸面large male&female face金属垫片metallic gasket非金属垫片non-metallic gasketsemi-metallic gasketO型环O-ring透镜垫lens ring对焊butt weld承插焊接socket weld滑套焊接slip-on weld焊接支管台weldolet插入环insert ting管帽cap资料表bill of material资料统计take-off管段表line bill of material估量汇总表estimation summary sheet备品备件表spare parts list报价表quotation sheet订货单purchase order schedule资料汇总表bill of material summary针形阀needle valve 状态报告status report散布报告distribution report价钱、重量一览表cost &weight summary价钱、重量汇总表cost & weight total定货管理表order control管道资料管理体表piping material control sheet元件代号item code标记号tag number标准形态standard shape轴测图isometric drawing管线号line reference批号batch reference管子下料表piping cutting list制作件表fabrication parts list组装件表erection part list固定架anchor滑动架resting support导向架guide限位架directional stop减振架dampener支架support管托shoe保冷管托cradle鞍座saddle耳轴trunnion吊架hanger刚性吊架rigid hanger弹簧吊架spring hanger恒力吊架constant hanger阀门valve截止阀globe valve闸阀gate valve球阀ball valve止回阀check valve隔阂阀diaphragm valve三通阀three-way valve角阀angle valve蝶阀butterfly valve旋塞阀cock伸长杆操作extension stem-operation链操作chain-operated齿轮操作gear-operated扳手操作wrench-operated电动操作motor-operated阀芯trim阀盖bonnet焊接支管weld branch偏置offset焊接根部空隙weld root gap现场调整后在下料和焊接cut and weld after adjusting坡度slope工作点working point管架说明notes for piping hanging部门间校核版interdepartmental check print平端plain end坡口端beveled end管道连结图piping hook-up drawing管道说明图notes for piping drawing标题栏title block寻价单piping requisition sheet八配管及一般设备设计保温，保冷绝热insulation设备绝热表equipment insulation schedule绝热符号insulation code保温设计design of cold insulation 防腐涂漆insulation for stable 色标colour-code正常操作所用的保温operating 孟塞尔色系munsell notation人身防备personnel protection 管道辨别色identification of piping system 防火层fire-proofing 防腐层external coating防结露anti-sweat 油漆paint防冻winterizing 清漆varnishanti-corrosive paintsound protection防音防腐漆保温资料hot insulation material rush-proof paint保冷资料cold insulation material 含铝漆aluminum paint石棉asbestos 底漆primerdiatomaceous earth硅藻土耐酸漆acid-proof paintrock wool岩棉耐酸漆acid-proof paint玻璃棉glass wool 耐碱漆alkali-proof paint碳酸镁magnesium carbonate 耐热漆heat-resisting paint硅酸铝calcium silicate 测温漆thermo-paintperlite珍珠岩绝缘漆insulation varnish软木板cork boards 表面办理surface preparation毛毡hair felt 涂漆painting泡沫聚氨酯foam polystyrene 阴级保护cathodic protectionrigid foam urethane硬泡沫氨基甲酸乙酯硬泡沫橡胶rigid foam rubber 振动分析玛碲脂mastic 机械振动mechanical vibration耐磨损资料anti-abrasion coating material 自由振动free vibration管壳lagging cloth 强迫振动forced vibration铁丝网hexagonal wire netting 自励振动self-excited vibration填缝资料caulking material 固有频次natural frequency保护层jacketing sheet 固有周期natural periodcover sheet 波谷loop涟漪铝板corrugated aluminum sheet 波峰node有色镀锌钢板precoated galvanized sheet 正弦振动sinusoidal oscillation搭板butt strap 非线性振动non-linear oscillationZ 型接头Z-joint 阻尼振动damped vibration临界阻尼critical damping（ 1） attenuation constant衰减系数（ 2） decay coefficient（ 3） decay factor共振resonance歪曲振动torsional vibration挠性振动flexural vibration极限速度critical speed固有值characteristic value临界条件boundary condition弹性系数spring constant惯性矩moment of inertia展转半径radius of gyration振动汲取装置dynamic vibration abserber液压减振器hydraulic damper弹簧减振器(1)spring dampener(2)spring damper油压锁定oil lock耐振设计固有振动方式natural frequency mode优秀周期predominant period基本周期first natural frequency横波transverse wave纵波longitudinal wave相对位移relative displacement质量比mass ratio静分析法static method修正静分析法corrected static method动分析法modal analysis时历响应分析法time history response analysis 设计响应光谱design response spectrum加快响应光谱acceleration response spectrum 地板响应光谱foor response spectrum 标准响应光谱standard response spectrumacceleration response amplitude 加快响应增幅比ratio刚性结构rigid structure柔性结构flexible structure长周期结构long -period structure刚性框架rahmen rigid frame地震波earthquake accelerogram位移量记录displacement record设计地震design earthquake设计震度design seismic coefficient地震earthquake震源距离distance to centrum震中距离distance to epicenter震吸magnitude地震波显示仪seismoscope地震仪seismograph耐振等级seismic class基岩base rock应力剖析外力external force内力internal force反作使劲reaction force力偶couple of force弯矩bending moment扭矩twisting moment应力stress曲折应力bending stress歪曲应力torsional stress圆周应力hoop stress峰值应力peak stress一次应力primary stress二次应力secondary stress轴向应力axial stress重复应力repeated stress脉动应力pulsating stress交变应力alternating stress应变strain应变能strain energy主应力principal stress主应力理论principal stress theory最大剪切应力理论maximum shearing stress theory节余应力residual stress热应力thermal stress热破坏thermal shock疲惫fatigue疲惫曲线s-n diagram疲惫极限(1)fatigue limit(2)endurance limit腐化corrosion fatigue蠕变creep蠕变疲惫creep fatigue尺寸效应size effectcoefficient of stress 应力集中系数concentration形状系数shape coefficient缺口系数notch factor应力强度系数stress intensity factor几何惯性矩geometrical moment of inertia断面系数modulus of sectionpolar moment ofinertia of 断面极惯性矩area扬氏模量young , s modulus横向弹性系数modulus of transverse elasticity体积弹性系数modulus of volumetric elasticity泊松比poissor , s ratio弹性极线elastic limit 折服点yield point拉伸强度tensile strength伸长elongation永远变形permanent set弹性flexibility弹性剖析elastic analysis弹性折服elastic buckling塑性plasticity塑变滞后plasticity hysteresis极限剖析limit analysis弹塑性剖析elastic-plastic analysis疲惫剖析fatigue analysis有限元法finite element method静荷载dead load流体流动水锤water hammer急关rapid closure缓关slow closure冲击波shock waveacoustic vibrationofliquid 液压振动flow脉动pulsation flow两相流two-phase flow气压振动acoustic vibration卡门涡街karman eddies抖动fluttering气蚀cavitation噪音噪音(1)noise(2)undesired sound听力范围auditory sensation area遮蔽masking背景噪音background noise声强sound intensity声压sound pressure声压值sound pressure level噪声值(1)noise level(2)sound level噪声计sound level meter听觉校订回路weighting network音平loundness level音能sound power音能值sound power level整体值overall level90%范围90%range中间值medianNR数noise rating number频次剖析器frequency analyzer倍频带octave band1/3 的倍频带1/3 octave band波段值band level音场sound field方向性directivity方向系数directivity factor衍射diffraction声源sound source房间常数room constant吸音率sound absorption coefficient 穿透率transmission coefficient穿透损失transmission loss质量原理mass law设计条件操作压力operating pressure最高操作压力maximum operating pressure 操作温度operating temperature最高操作温度maximum operating temperature 温度基准base temperature腐化裕度corrosion allowance许容应力allowable stress安全系数safety factor地理条件geological conditions九塔. 槽. 换热器 . 加热炉图面用语设备表vessel schedule工程图engineering drawing管口表（ 1） nozzle chart（ 2） nozzle schedule 管口方向nozzle orientation于焊件图clip schedule切线tangent line(TL)焊缝线weld line(WL)参照线wroking line(WL)基准线base line(BL)容器容器vessel塔tower自支承塔self-supported tower板式塔tray tower填料塔packed tower喷淋塔spray tower槽。

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixtu re 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentation and Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material)age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to the grain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩clastic rock 碎屑岩。

国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编一、基础词汇access 交通agreement 同意、协议allocation 分配、配置approval 同意、批准arbitration 仲裁Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行assistant 助理、助手authorize(delegate)授权、委托Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表civil works 土建工程claim 索赔comment 评论、意见commercial manager 商务经理conditions of contract 合同条件general conditions 通用条件conditions of particular application 专用条件special conditions of contract 特别条件Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件construction management 施工管理consultant 顾问contract agreement 合同协议Contractor 承包商cooperation 合作coordination 协作cost 费用cost control 成本控制counterclaim 反索赔demobilization 退场department 部门Designer 设计者drawing 图纸shop drawing 车间图design drawing 设计图as-built drawing 竣工图blue drawing 蓝图transparent drawing 透明图construction drawing 施工图electric works 电气工程Employer(Client/Owner) 业主Engineer 工程师Engineer's representative 工程师代表engineering project 工程项目international project 国际工程overseas project 海外工程domestic project 国内工程equipment 设备expatriate 外籍职员expert 专家export 出口Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会formal 正式的hydromechanical works 金结工程import 进口in charge of 负责、主管informal 非正式的Institution of CivilEngineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会instrument 仪器、器械insurance 保险labour 劳务layout 布置leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务lump sump 总包machinery 机械manpower(human resource) 人力资源Manufacturer 制造商material 材料measure 办法、措施take effective measures 采取有效措施measurement 测量、计量memorandum 备忘录mobilization 进场objection 反对payment 支付plant 设备point of view(opinion) 观点、意见prequalification 资格预审procurement 采购profit 利润progress control 进度控制project manager 项目经理quality control 质量控制request(application) 申请、请求review 审查risk 风险river closure 截流river diversion 导流safety 安全signature 签名site 工地、现场site engineer 现场工程师specification 规格、规范staff 职员Subcontractor 分包商submission 提交supervise 监督、监视Supplier 供货商the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会unit price 单价variation(change) 变更World Bank 世界银行二、工程施工类（一）工程施工-土建类◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support)明挖（Open Excavation )bench excavation 台阶开挖concrete excavation 砼开挖fault excavation 断层开挖foundation excavation 基础开挖local excavation 局部开挖mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖protective layer excavation 保护层开挖rock excavation 岩石开挖slope excavation 边坡开挖soft ground excavation 软基开挖soil excavation 土方开挖structural excavation 结构开挖tooth excavation 齿槽开挖unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数cutoff trench 截水槽dewatering(drainage) 排水excavation pit 开挖基坑intensity of excavation 开挖强度overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖pump sump 水泵坑Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖underbreak treatment 欠挖处理洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)a round of excavation 一个开挖循环adit 支洞advance 进尺advances depth 进尺深度breaking hole 崩落孔cushion hole 缓冲孔drift 掏槽bottom drift 底部掏槽center drift 中心掏槽side drift 边部掏槽top drift 顶部掏槽drilling 钻孔driving(progress) rate 进尺率easer 掏槽孔erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护full face excavation 全断面开挖heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣loading (charging) 装药perimeter hole 周边孔pilot tunnel 导洞removing dust 除尘removing ground water 清除地面积水shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮top heading excavation 上导洞开挖ventilation 通风钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔average hole depth 平均孔深average quantity used in unitvolume blasted 平均单耗blasting result 爆破结果blockness 块度controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破data of explosive filled 装药参数data of holes drilled 钻孔参数delayed blasting 延时爆破exploratory hole 探孔explosive quantity 药量explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量handling misfire 处理哑炮light charge 少量装药loosening blasting 松动爆破pattern 布孔方式distance between holes 孔距distance between rows 排距post shearing blasting 微差爆破prespliting blasting 预裂爆破quantity of holes 孔数smooth blasting 光面爆破延时支护(rock support)expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆feature rock anchor 随机锚索feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆feature rock reinforcement 随机加固lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁pattern cement grouted rockdowel 系统水泥浆锚杆pattern resin grouted rock dowel系统树脂浆锚杆pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固permanent rock support 永久支护post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索rebound material 回弹料return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆return rock reinforcement 回头加固shotcrete anchorage 喷锚shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼steel rib 钢拱架temporary rock support 临时支护tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence)backfill 回填blend 混合compact 碾压controlled sprinkling 控制洒水cut the slope 削坡dump 卸料exploit 开采level 整平load 装料moisture condition 水分调节place and spread 摊铺remove 清除replace 重新回填retreat (do the work again) 返工scarify 翻松、刨毛screen and wash 筛分和冲洗take a sample 取样test 测试transport 运输treat 处理trim 修整缺陷（Defects）calcium particles 姜石contaminated material 受污染料declination of the boundary 料界偏差dry 干燥lack of compaction 漏压lump sump 结块muddy 泥泞oversize material 超粒径材料pocket 囊穴seepage 渗流separation 分离shear area 剪力区lens 透镜体其它（Others)bonding surface 结合面byproduct 副产品controlling parameter 控制参数fill placement record 填筑记录frog area 蛙夯区required embankment 必要填方subzone 分区◆混凝土（Concrete ）air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼asphalt concrete 沥青砼blinding concrete 垫层砼cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼plastic concrete 塑料砼fibrous concrete 纤维砼first stage concrete 一期砼foamed concrete 泡沫砼high-performance concrete 高性能砼high-strength concrete 高强砼intrusion concrete 压浆砼lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼mass concrete 大体积砼non-fines concrete 无砂砼non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼normal concrete 常态砼plain concrete 素砼porous concrete 多孔砼prestressed concrete 预应力砼pump concrete 泵送砼reinforced concrete 钢筋砼roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼second stage concrete 二期砼作业（Activity）clearance(clearing) 清理concretepouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑curing 养护Membrance curing 薄膜养护moist curing 湿润养护normal curing 标准养护steam curing 蒸汽养护repairing 修理Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛greencutting 冲毛surface finishing 收面vibrating 振捣缺陷（Defects）bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面cavity 狗洞cold joint 冷缝crack 裂缝deformation 变形depression 坑洼fire-damaged concrete 火损砼formwork shifting(moving) 跑模grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘）honeycomb 蜂窝incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振irregularity 不规则segregation(bleeding) 离析stair(staggered joint) 错台tie rod hole 拉杆孔water leakage 漏水water seepage 渗水外加剂（Admixture）accelerator 速凝剂air-entraining agent 引气剂bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂coring admixture 着色剂early-strength admixtu re 早强剂gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂）fluidizer 塑化剂retarding agent 缓凝剂set-controlling admixture 调凝剂super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂surface-active agent 表面活性剂water-reducing agent 减水剂accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂waterproof agent 防水剂指标（Indexes）compressive strength 抗压强度compressive stress 压应力concrete class 砼等级final strength 终凝强度graduation 级配graduation curve 级配曲线impermeability 抗渗性initial setting strength 初凝强度mix design 配比设计resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性shear strength 抗剪强度slump 坍落度specific weight/gravity 比重stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性strain 应变surface finish 表面平整度tensile strength 抗拉强度tensile stress 拉应力thermal stress 温度应力water-cement ratio 水灰比working stress 工作应力其他（Others）acceptance 验收age 龄期aggregate 骨料fine aggregate 细骨料coarse aggregate 粗骨料air pocket 气囊airtightness 气密性alternative 替代物、替换方法apply 应用、施加bending moment 弯矩block 仓号binding strength 黏结强度calibration 标定cement anchor 锚固卷concrete plug 砼塞concrete precast element 砼预制件concrete release sheet 发料单上面已看！construction joint 施工缝contamination /pollution 污染conversion(reconstruction) 改建coverage 覆盖范围curing agent 养护剂delivery sheet 运料单direct discharge 直接入仓elevation 高程、正视图epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面existing 现有（存）的expansion joint 伸缩缝facilitate 使容易（便利）gabion 纤丝笼humidity 湿度identity 识别、标记ingredient 成分、配料inspection 检查、验收preliminary inspection 初验final inspection 终验appearance inspection 外观检查intact 完整的、未被触动的inter-tower joint 塔间缝introduce into 将……穿入isolate 隔离laitance 浮浆皮layer(lift)height 层高meet design requirement 满足设计要求moment of inertia 惯性距Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔post-cooling 后冷却post tensioning 后张拉pre-cooling 预冷却pre-stressing 预应力pre-tensioning 先张拉pull-off test 扒拉试验reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层remark 备注section area 截面面积shearkey 抗剪键key groove 键槽shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产simplify 简化simultaneously 同时地spacer 水泥垫块spacing 间距stress concentration 应力集中symmetry 对称technical data 技术参数temperature control 温度控制temperature difference 温差temperature rise(gain) 温度升高theoretical elongation 理论延长量unloading 卸载water stop 止水PVC water stop PVC止水rubber water stop 橡皮止水copper water stop 铜止水watertightness 闭水性winter protection 冬季保温◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模bond breaker 脱模剂climbing cone 爬升锥dam bracket 大坝支架distance piece 横支撑double-curvature formwork 双曲模板flat formwork 平面模板formwork oil 模板油pigtail anchor 猪尾筋retractable formwork 进退式模板shearkey box 键槽盒sliding formwork 滑模steel form carrier 钢模台车steel formwork 钢模steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑stopend 堵头、封堵模板temporary formwork 临时模板tie rod(form tie) 拉杆tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板wood formwork 木模◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar）distribution bar 分布筋dowel 插筋horizontal bar 水平筋lap length 搭接长度main stress bar 主应力筋overlap 搭接shear bar 剪力筋splice welding 绑条焊接starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦stirrup 箍筋support bar 架立筋vertical bar 竖直筋◆灌浆（Grouting）backfill grouting 回填灌浆consolidation grouting 固结灌浆contact grouting 接触灌浆curtain grouting 帷幕灌浆gap grouting 接缝灌浆gravity grouting 自重灌浆jet grouting 旋喷灌浆multi-stage grouting 多次灌浆pressure grouting 压力灌浆ring grouting 环行灌浆single-stage grouting 一次灌浆工艺过程（Activity）air test 通风试验backfilling of hole 封孔flushing test 通水试验joint washing 洗缝seal 密封soak 浸泡water pressure test 压水试验管路及组件（Circuit and Elements）air supply 风包arising pipe 升降管circuit 回路clamp 卡子cock 旋塞coil 蛇形管cylinder 缸套double nipple 对丝连接套expansion coupling 伸缩节female-quick coupling 内丝快接头fixed clamp 死卡flow rate meter 测量计galvanized elbow 镀锌弯头grout cap 灌浆帽grout cell 出浆盒grout stop plate 止浆片grout valve 灌浆阀inlet pipe 进浆管large radius elbow 大弧弯头main pipe 总管male-quick coupling 外丝快接头outlet pipe 出浆管packer 灌浆塞piston 活塞plug 堵头reducer socket 变径管套return pipe 回浆管tee piece 三通管reduce tee piece 变径三通管swivel-clamp 转卡U-bend U弯头union 活接头ventilation pipe 排气管water supply 水包参数及指标（Parameter and Indexes）consistency 稠度fineness 细度grout take 吃浆量high take 吃浆量大grouting pressure 灌浆压力leakage rate 漏水率Lugeon 吕容mix proportion 浆比pumping rate 泵浆率refusal criteria 排浆标准refusal time 抽浆时间water aborptin 吸水率仪器设备（Plant and Instrument）agitator 搅拌站automatic recorder 自动记录仪chiller plant(cooling plant) 制冷站displancement point 位移点electronic grout flow meter 电子流量计extensometer 变位计flow transmitter 流量传感器foundation displacementindicator 基础位移指示器grout pump 灌浆泵hydrometer 比重计joint meter 测缝计mixing plant 制浆站monitor 监测器osmometer 渗压计pendulum 钟摆portable instrument 便携式仪器pressure gauge 压力表pressure sensor 压力传感器reinforcement meter 钢筋计steel basin 搅拌槽strain meter 应变计temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal station 集线站其他（Others）check hole 检查孔compartment 灌区dense mix 浓浆foundation uplift 基础隆起grout hole 灌浆孔instrument hole 仪器孔primary/secondary and tertiary grout holes 一序、二序、三序灌浆孔spilt spacing 加密灌浆孔距waste mix 弃浆◆测量（Survey）测量方法及术语（Methods and Terms）adjust 校正、调整adjustment 平差allowance 容许误差backsight point 后视点basic point 基础点bench mark 水准点compass 罗盘chainage(station number) 桩号chain of triangulation 三角锁check 校核、对照control point 控制点coordinate point 坐标点datum 基础面datum point 基准点deviation 偏差easily identifiable point 容易识别点error 误差first order triangulation 一等三角测量geodetic 大地测量学的geodetic surveying 大地测量joint survey 联合测量known point 已知点level surface 水准面local triangulation networks 局部三角网national coordination system 国家坐标网observe 观测、监视point to be located 待定点position 定位、位置reconnaissance 选点、踏勘reference point 参考点second order triangulation 二等三角测量set out 放线、放样stake-line 测桩线state plane coordinate system 国家平面坐标系survey point 测点theoretical point 理论点traverse(polygon) 导线（测量）、横断error of traverse 导线闭合差lattice traverse 网格状导线long side traverse 长导线open traverse 非闭合导线short side traverse 短导线traverse closure 导线闭合traverse station 导线点traverse survey 导线测量triangulation 三角测量triangulation network 三角网triangulation of high order 高等级三角网triangulation point 三角点trilateration 三边测量vertical-control net 高程控制网wood pile 木桩角度测量（Angular Measure）azimuth 方位角bearing 方位、象限角buddle 气泡、水准器circle 度盘、圆盘circular bubble 圆水准器collimation axis 视准轴cross-line(cross-hair) 十字丝depression angle 俯角elevation angle 仰角eyepiece(ocular) 目镜field pole(staff) 标杆foot-screw 脚螺栓horizontal angle 水平角mark 标志（明）objective lens 物镜plumb(plummet) 铅垂、垂线sight 瞄准、观测target 目标、瞄准theodolite 经纬仪tranverse axis 横轴tripod 三脚架vertical angle 竖直角vertical axis 竖轴望远镜（Telescope）centering 对中face left 盘左face right 盘右focus 集中、焦点focusing 调焦index error 指标误差inverted position of telescope(reverse telescope)倒镜、盘右normal position of telescope(direct telescope)正镜、盘右optical plummet 光学垂准器round 测回set 套、组station 测站距离测量（Distance Measure）barometer 气压计base line(basic line/datum line) 基线battery 电池EDM(electromagnetic distance measurement) 电磁波测距filter 滤光片、滤波器laser alignment system 激光准直系统laser beam 激光束prism 棱镜range 测程、距离long range 远程medium range 中程short range 短程range finder 测距仪signal 信号spring balance 弹簧称tape 卷尺invar tape 铟瓦钢卷尺高程测量（Height Measurement）altitude/elevation 高程、海拔approximate leveling 近似置平、粗平automatic level 自动定平水准仪difference in altitude(difference ofelevation ,height difference) 高差error of closure in leveling 水准闭合差exact leveling 精平、确置平level 水准仪（测点）level circuit 水准闭合环level shoe 水准尺垫line of level 水准线路national geodetic vertical datum 国家大地高程基准面reduced level 归化高差run back 返测run out 往测three-wire leveling 三丝法水准测量地形测量（Topographic Survey）boundary 边界、界线construction stake 施工标桩contour 等高线contour interval 等高距contouring 绘等高线contour-length method 等高线延长法contour line 等高线control network 控制网detail 细部、详图draw 绘图field 外业fix 固定、确定form line 地形图grid 格网information 注记、资料、情报marginal information 轮廓注记large-scale 大比例尺的latitude 纬度、范围latitude circle 纬圈latitude line 纬线legend 图例location 定线、定位longitude 经度longitude line 经线map 地图、制图mapping 制图、测图、地质素描match line 拼接线monument 标石、石柱object 地物、目标plan 平面图、略图plot 绘图profile 断面（图）、纵剖图record 记录、资料setup 定置仪器site location 定位stake out 放样、定线、立桩symbol 符号、记号topographic detail 地形细部topographic map 地形图◆原形观测观测仪器和设施{Instrumentationand Facilities）air-entraining meter 掺气剂Carlson-type piezometer 卡尔逊式渗压计concrete strain meter 砼应变计convergent point 收敛测点direct plumb line 正垂线earth pressure cell 土压力盒embankment piezometer 坝体渗压计embankment strain meter 堤应变计extended wire 引张线foundation piezometer 基础渗压计horizontal inclinometer 水平测斜仪hydraulic instrument 水力学仪器hydrophone 水听器inclinometer casing 测斜管interface joint meter 界面变位计inverted plumb line 倒垂线micro piezometer 微压计multiple position extensometer 多点位移计observation point 观测标点observation well 观测井optical alignment line 视准线plate strain meter 钢板计pneumatic piezometer 气压式渗压计pressure fluctuation meter 脉动压力计prestressed tendon anchorage dynamometer 预应力锚索测力计rock bolt extensometer 锚杆测力计single point extensometer 单点位移计spiral sensor 测扭仪standpipe 测压管strong-motion seismogragh 强震仪surface monument 表面标点temperature sensor 温度传感器terminal house 终端房terminal station 终端站tilt meter 倾角计time average pressure cell 时均压力计total pressure cell 总压力盒velometer 流速计vertical inclinometer 垂直测斜仪vibrating wire piezometer 震旋式渗压计vibrating wire settlement sensor 振旋式沉降仪weir with micro piezometer 带微压计的量水堰working base point 工作基点zero stress-strain meter 砼无应力计附件及配件（Acessories and Spare Parts）coil 盘绕component 零部件coordinator 坐标仪damping box 阻尼角differential resistance 差动电阻double layer rubber sleeve 双层保护forced centering plate 强制对中盘instrument lead 仪器电缆invar wire 铟瓦丝metal ring 金属环plumb coordinate meter 垂线坐标仪pulley 滑轮regulator 调节器riser 立管sensor 传感器spool 绕轴steel socket 钢底座tablet 药片tensioning weight 张拉重锤thermistor 热敏电阻tip 测头安装过程（Procession of Installation）assemble 组装couple 连接embed 埋设install 安装insulate 绝缘maintenance 维护monitor 监测protection of instrumentation 仪器保护reduce 归纳seal 密封splice 拼接supply 提供test 测试资料（Information）assemble schematic 装配简图certificate 合格证书description 使用说明书maintenace guideline 维护指南manual 说明书operating principle 工作原理operating restraint 操作范围procedure 程序trouble shooting procedure 鼓掌分析程序其他（Others）annular space 环行空间data acquisition 数据采集data recording 数据记录leas drilling hole 引线孔permanent record 永久记录readout device 读数设备saturated 饱和的seepage isolation dike 截渗堤trapezoidal 梯形◆水工常规试验砼原材料试验（Test of Raw and Processed Material of Concrete）骨料（Aggregate）abrasion volume by Los Angeles rattler洛杉机磨耗量accumulated retained percentage 累计筛余百分率acicular and flaky grain in aggregate 针状与片状颗粒含量alkali-aggregate reaction 碱骨料反应apparent density 视密度bulk density (unity weight) 容重clay lumps and friable particles in aggregate 黏土块及易碎颗粒含量coefficient of softening 软化系数crush index 压碎指标dry state 干燥状态exceeding and inferior grain inaggregate 超逊径颗粒含量fineness modulus 细度模数gaping place rate 空隙率grader retained percentage 分计筛余百分率grain composition 颗粒级配grain size 粒径lightweight matter in aggregate 轻物质含量mica content 云母含量moisture content(water rate) 含水率mud content 含泥量organic content 有机质含量potential reactivity of aggregate 骨料潜在活性saturation 饱和的sieving curve 筛分曲线soft grain in aggregate 软弱骨料含量soundness 坚固性surface moisture content 表面含水率water-soluble sulphide 水溶性硫化物水硬性胶凝材料(Hydraulicity cementitious material) age 龄期cement mark(strength of cement /cement grade) 水泥标号consumptive use of water normal consistance 标准稠度用水量degree of mobilization 流动性dissolution heat ( solution heat ) 溶解热final set 终凝flexural strength 抗弯强度flyash 粉煤灰hydration heat 水化热initial set 初凝loss on ignition(ignition loss) 烧矢量setting time 凝结时间silica fume 硅粉soundness 水泥的安定性specific surface area 比表面积specific heat 比热water demand ratio 吸水量比外加剂（Admixture）bubble stability 泡沫稳定性bubbling ability 起泡能力chloride content 氯化物含量compressive strength rate 抗压强度比contract with dry rate 干缩率dispersing coefficient 分散系数dispersing ability of water-reducing agent 减水剂分散能力loss of slump 塌落度损失sulphate content 硫酸盐含量solid content 固体含量surface tension 表面张力water-reducing rate 减水率水（Water）alkalinity 碱度calcion 钙离子carbonic acid 钙酸chlorion 氯离子equivalent concentration 当量浓度oxygen consumption 耗氧量normal solution (standardsolution) 标准溶液PH value PH值water analysis 水值分析砼（Concrete）砼拌和物（Mixture）assurance strength of concrete 砼保证强度bleeding rate 泌水率cement-sand ration 灰砂比design strength of concrete 砼设计标号flowability of concrete 砼的流动性mix proportion (proportion of mixture) 砼配合比mixture uniformity 拌和物的均匀性penetration-obstruction method 贯入阻力法probability of ensuring strength of concrete 砼强度保证率sand rate 砂率unit consumption of water 单位用水量water retention (water retentiveness) 保水性water-cement ratio 水灰比硬化砼（Hardened concrete）axial tensile strength 轴向抗拉强度coefficient of thermal conductivity 导热系数cooling rate 冷却率core of concrete 砼芯样creep deformation (time deformation ) 徐变变形form coefficient(form factor) 形状系数freezing -melting circulation 冻融循环frost-resistance mark 抗冻标号heat property of concrete 砼热学性能height-diameter ration 高径比linear expansion coefficient 线膨胀系数loss of weight 重量损失natural frequency 自振频率permeate 渗透permeated height 渗透高度permeated-resisting mark 抗渗标号relative coefficient of permeability 相对渗透系数resonance frequency 共振频率sample 试件self-grown volume deformation（砼）自生体积变形splitting tensile strength 劈裂抗拉强度static compressive modulus of elasticity 静力抗压弹数temperature conductivity 导温系数tensile modulus of elasticity 抗拉弹性模量thermal insulation warming 绝热温升ultimate tensile strain 极限拉应变ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度wear rate 磨损率wear-resisting strength 抗冲磨强度砂浆（Cement）cement lime mortar 水泥石灰砂浆cement mortar 水泥砂浆cement-clay mortar 水泥黏土砂浆epoxy mortar 环氧砂浆lime mortar 石灰砂浆plastering mortar 抹面砂浆pointing joint mortar 勾缝砂浆土（Soil）accumulation curve (cumulative curve) 累计曲线activity index 活性指标angle of friction 摩擦角Atterberg limits(water content as limit) 阿太堡界限（界限含水量）California bearing ratio 载重比coarse-grained soil 粗粒土coefficient of compressibility 压缩系数coefficient of cubicalcompressibility 体积压缩系数coefficient of curvature 曲率系数compression 压缩compression index 压缩指数compression modulus 压缩模数consolidated-undrained (quick) shear test 固结不排水剪（固结快剪）试验consolidated-drained (slow) shear test 固结不排水剪（慢剪）试验consolidation 固结consolidation coefficient 固结系数consolidation settlement 固结沉降consolidation stress 固结应力continuous grading/gradation 连接级配contraction test(shrinkage test) 收缩试验core cutter method 环刀法creep curve 蠕变曲线critical slope 逸出坡降（临界坡降）Darcy's law 达西定律degree of consolidation 固结度degree of free swelling 自由膨胀率direct shear test 直接剪切试验direct shear test of reiteration 反复直剪强度试验distribution curve 分布曲线drift soil (shifting soil/mass flow) 流土effective angle of inner friction 有效内摩擦角effective strength envelope 有效强度包线expansion force 膨胀力expansion ration(specific expansion) 膨胀率filtering flow(seepage flow) 渗流fine-grained soil 细粒土flow net(drift net) 流网hydraulic slope 水力坡降hydrometer method 比重计法hydrostatic head method 常水头法limit equilibrium state 极限平衡状态liquefaction 液化liquid limit 液限liquidity index 液化指标maximum dry density 最大干密度method of sieving 筛分法Mohr's stress circle 莫力应力圆Mohr-coulomb failure criteria 莫尔-库伦破坏准则normal stress 法向应力（正应力）oedometer curve 压缩曲线optimum moisture content 最优含水量piping 管涌plastic limit 塑限plasticity index 塑性指标pore water pressure 空隙水压力porosity 空隙率principal stress 主应力Proctor compaction test 普氏击实试验relative density 相对密度sand replacement method 灌砂法saturability (saturation degree/percent saturation) 饱和度saturated unit weight 饱和容重seepage deformation 渗透变形seepage force(seepage pressure) 渗透力seepage line 渗透线seepage speed 渗透速度shear stress 切向应力（剪应力）shrinkage limit 缩限skip(gap/jump) grading 间断级配specific gravity of soil particle 土粒比重steady seepage field 稳定渗流场stress path 应力路径total strength envelope 总强度包线triaxial compression test 三轴压缩试验unconfined compression strength 无侧限抗压强度unconsolidated undrained test 不固结不排水剪（快剪）试验variable head method 变水头法void(pore) ratio 孔隙比water replacement method 灌水法wet density 湿密度其它建筑材料钢筋（steel ）bending and unbending 反复弯曲cold bending test 冷弯试验elongation test 拉伸试验nominal diameter 公称直径ratio of elongation 伸长率relaxation test 松弛试验steel strand 钢绞线tensile yield strength 拉伸屈服强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度木材（Wood）curshing strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗压强度tensile strength paralled to thegrain 顺纹抗拉强度crushing strength across th egrain 横纹抗压强度tensile strength across to thegrain 横纹抗拉强度沥青（Asphalt）brittle temperature test 脆化点试验expansion test 延伸度试验penetration test 针入式试验softening point test 软化点试验test of aging 老化试验viscosity test 粘滞性试验质量管理（Quality Management）average 平均值deviation standard(error of mean squares) 均方差deviation coefficient(dispersion coefficient) 离差系数index of correlation 相关系数management limit 管理界限mathematic statistics 数理统计maximum 最大值minimum 最小值normal distribution 正态分布quality assurance 质量保证quality examination 质量检测regression curve 回归曲线relative dampness 相对湿度sample capacity 样本容量sampling frequency 取样频率specimen 样品statistical analysis 统计分析technical specification 技术规范technical standard 技术标准testing circumstance 试验环境testing error 试验误差testing regulation 试验规程variance analysis 方差分析◆地质(Geology)地质年代（Geochronology of Geologic Ages）Archaeozoic era (erathem) 太古代（界）Proterozoic era (erathem) 元古代（界）Palaeozoic era (erathem) 古生代（界）Mesozoic era (erathem) 中生代（界）Cenozoic era (erathem) 新生代（界）Sinian period (system) 震旦纪（系）Cambrian period (system) 寒武纪（系）Ordovician period (system) 奥陶纪（系）Silurian period (system) 志留纪（系）Devonian period (system) 泥盘纪（系）Carboniferous period (system) 石碳纪（系）Permian period (system) 二叠纪（系）Triassic period (system) 三叠纪（系）Jurassic period (system) 侏罗纪（系）Cretaceous period (system) 白垩纪（系）Tertiary period (system) 第三纪（系）Quaternary period (system) 第四纪（系）地质构造（Geologic Structural）fault 断层normal fault 正断层reversed fault 逆断层parallel fault 平移断层gouge 断层泥stria 擦痕joint 节理primary joint 原生节理secondary joint 次生节理tension joint 张节理unloading joint 卸荷节理schistosity 片理bedding 层理foliation 板理（叶理）ripple mark 波痕mud crack 泥痕rain print 雨痕orientation of bedrock 岩层产状strike 走向dip 倾向angle of dip (dip angle ) 倾角fold 褶皱anticline 背斜syncline 向斜Monocline (homocline) 单斜dome 穹隆soft stratum 软弱岩层zone of fracture(broken zone ) 破碎带affected zone 影响带platy structure 板状构造cleavage 解理fracture(rupture) 断裂fissure(crack/fracture) 裂隙岩石类型（Rock type）petrology 岩石学igneous rock 火成岩magmatic rock 岩浆岩lava(vocanic rock) 火山岩intrusive (invade) rock 侵入岩effusive rock 深成岩pypabussal rock 浅成岩acid rock 酸性岩inter-mediate rock 中性岩basic rock 基性岩ultrabasic rock 超基性岩granite 花岗岩porphyry 斑岩rhyolite 玢岩syenite 流纹岩trachyte 粗面岩diorite 闪长岩andesite 安山岩gabbro 辉长岩basalt 玄武岩aplite 细晶岩pegmatite 伟晶岩lamprophyre 煌斑岩diabase 辉绿岩dunite 橄榄岩pumice 浮岩sedimentary rock 沉积岩。

机电工程施工现场常用英语单词集锦（原创）日常积累| 东方明珠1、人称名词：speciality n. 专业,特性,特殊性profession n.职业, 专业, 表白, 宣布profess vt.声称, 宣布，教, 教授professional n.专业人员, 职业艺人adj.专业的, 职业的type of work 工种scaffolder 架子工welder，solderer 焊工焊机locksmith 钳工fitter 钳工riveter[‘rivitE] 铆工electrician 电工rigger 起重工painter 油漆工temporary 临时工surveyor 测量员，检查员supervisor n.监督人, 管理人, 检查员cashier 出纳员maintainer 养护工,维护人员machinist 机修师，机修工人mechanic 机修工coverer 包装工人technician 技术engineer n. Vt工程师，设计mechanician 机械师, 技工, 机械工engineer in charge 主管工程师chief（general）engineer总工程师chief engineer 主任工程师，总工程师，总技师assistant chief engineer 副总工程师original adj.最初的, 原始的, 固有的, 本来的n.原物; 原作品; 原文; 正本in the original 用原文originate vt.引起, 发明, 发起, 创办vi.起源, 发生originator n.创作者, 发明人client [‘klaiEnt] n.顾客, 客户, 委托人representative n.代表; adj.典型的, 有代表性的enterprise n.企业, 事业corporation n. 法人, 公司, 企业incorporation n.结合, 合并, 组成公司division 部门; (机关的)科, 处, 司; (大学的)部section 机关的一个部门[处; 科; 股; 组]department 部分; 部门; [美]部; [英] 科, 局, 车间(学校)学部, 系2、工机具名词：warehouse n. 仓库vt.把...存入仓库storehouse /storeroom仓库storeman n.店主，仓库管理员warehouseman n.仓库管理人, 货栈主storage n.贮藏, 保管; 仓库；贮存器in stock在库存里, 备有现货, 有现货可卖take stock清点存货,清理, 审查, 鉴定(of)store away 贮藏起来Store vt.贮藏, 贮备, 存储n.商店, 店铺, 贮藏, 贮备；备用品，原料stock n. 积蓄, 积累, 储蓄; 存货, 贮存；原料, 材料,备料；股票vt.贮备，装把手于, 进货, 备有vi.采购reverse n 相反, 反面, 倒退,倒档adj.相反的, 倒转的, 颠倒的vt.颠倒, 倒转，(使)倒开reserve adj.预备的; 后备的; 限制的vt.储备;保存,保留；推迟，延迟；预定（约）n.贮藏(物); 储备; 保存(物); 保留preserve [pri’zE:v]vt.保护; 防护; 维护;保持; 维持; 支持;保管, 保存, 保藏,防...腐烂preservation [7prezE(:)’veiFEn] n.保存hold n.把握, 控制, 掌握vt.拿着, 保存, 支持, 占据, 持有, 拥有keep vt.保持,保存;保守(秘密);保藏,收藏, 防护使保持(某种状态);履行; 遵守; 防止, 预防in bad(low) keep 保存得不好in good(high) keep 保存得好open air stockyard 露天货场facility n.容易, 简易,便利, 设备, 工具Tool [tu:l]n.工具, 用具, 手段；器械,仪器多指“手工操作的简单工具”vt.用工具加工, 使用设备vi.使用工具toolhouse n.工具房toolbox 工具箱marking tool 划线工具measuring tool 测量工具, 量具maintenance tool 修理工具withdrawal tool 拆卸工具cutting-off tool 割刀, 切断刀(具)down tools 放下工具, 停止工作，静坐，罢工Instrument n. 仪器; 仪表,工具, 手段, 方法,器械,设备指“用于精细工作或科学技术的工具”calibrating instrument 校正仪器operating instrument 控制仪表machinary Tools 工机具Implement n.工具, 器具vt.贯彻, 执行，实现Appliance n.器[用, 工]具, 设备, 装置, 仪表, 器械, 附件spare parts备件wearing parts 易损件；磨损部分wearing adj.穿用的, 使疲惫的, 磨损的wearable adj.可穿用的, 可佩带的, 耐磨的n.衣服mechanism [‘mekEnizEm]n.机械装置, 机构static equipment 静设备dynamic equipment 动设备rotary equipment 转动设备rotary adj.旋转的, 转动的;循环的, 轮流的pneumatic adj. 气动的, 风动的electric adj.电动的, 电的manual adj.手的; 手工的automatic adj.自动的n.自动机械flatcar 平板车flatbed ，trailer拖车tanker n.油船, 运油飞机,加油车, 油[水]槽汽车, 水车;油罐tankcar 油罐[槽]车, (运, 洒)水车tankwagon 运水[油]卡车, 水车extinguisher n.熄灭者, 灭火器fire extinguisher 灭火器distinguish v.区别, 辨别hydrant n.消防栓, 消防龙头respirate [`respEreIt]vt.对…进行人工呼吸respirator [‘respEreitE]n.口罩; 防毒面具, 呼吸器fire extinguishing pump 消防用泵rating factor 额定因数boom [bu:m] n. 吊[挺, 起重]杆; 悬[转, 起重]臂, (伸)梁[臂]; 桁; 构[叉, 钻]架cantilever n.悬臂(梁), 伸臂, 突梁lift vt.提，吊，升高，提高，举起，空运lower vt.降低，降下，放下，减弱swing v.摇摆, 摆动, 回转, 旋转n.秋千, 摇摆, 摆动slew [slu:]v.回转slewer 旋转器, 回转装置, 回转式起重机luff v.使起重机吊杆起落（上下摆动）luffing 俯仰运动, 上下摆动,上下转动main boom length 主臂长度secondary boom 副臂working radius 工作半径safety factor 安全系数total weight 总重load distribution 荷载分布lifting capacity 吊装能力clasp n.卡环，钩环，钩子，别针vt.扣住，扣紧,抱紧sheave 滑轮; 滑车;皮带轮travelling block 动滑轮belt sheave 皮带轮block sheave 滑车guide sheave 导向滑轮[车]pulley sheave 滑车滑轮crane 起重机monorail crane 单轨起重机, 单轨吊monorail chain block 单轨链滑车monorail trolley 单轨手推车hoister 起重机卷扬机提升机绞车crawler crane 履带吊tower crane 塔吊gantry crane 龙门吊frame crane 龙门吊bridge crane 行车，桥式起重机overhead crane行车，桥式起重机travelling crane n.行车, 移动式起重机autocrane n.汽车吊(机); 汽车起重机truck crane 汽车吊chain block（hoist）手拉葫芦hand operated hoist手拉葫芦electric hoist 电动葫芦jack 千斤顶，起重机screw jack 螺旋千斤顶hydraulic jack 液压千斤顶forklift铲车, 叉车,叉式升降机lift电梯，升降机elevator n.升降[起卸, 起重, 升运, 提升]机, 电梯(=[英]lift);e起重工人winch n.绞车，绞盘，卷扬机vt.用绞车吊（拉）windlass n.绞车，卷扬机vt.用绞车吊起hoist n. 起重机; 升降机; 吊车; 卷扬机升高; 举起; 绞起vi.升起来; 扯起来vt.升起; 吊起; 抬起; 扛起; 举起hoisting 起重，提升qualify v.(使)具有资格, 使符合要求, 使合格,取得资格, 合格quality n.质量, 性质; 参数; 密度, 精度, 纯度qualification 资格, 条件, 技能; 技术指标;鉴定, 判定, 合格证明[证书], 资格证明书, 执照WQT =welder qualification test 焊工资格(技能)考试WPS = welding procedure specification焊接工艺指导书, 焊接工艺规程PQR = WPQR =welding procedure qualification report焊接工艺评定报告NCR non conformance report 不符合项报告FFR field find report 现场发现问题报告PMI positive metal identification 光谱分析PH=preheat 预热PWHT =postweld heat trearment焊后热处理HT = hardness testing 硬度试验NDT/NDE/NDI no-destructivetesting/examination/inspection 无损检测VT=visual testing 外观检查无损检测报告格式( MT、PT、RT、UT )PT penetration testing 液体渗透检测MT maganetic particle testing磁粉检测UT ultrasonic testing 超声波检测RT radiographic testing 射线照相检测（X光拍片)（前两者为表面检测，后两者为内部检测）welding source 焊接电源arc welding 电弧焊argon arc welding 氩弧焊gas welding 气焊oxygen weld 氧气焊接, 气焊tack welding 临时电焊，间断焊，预焊spot-welding 点焊shot weld 点焊intermittent welding 间断焊接continuous welding 连续焊接vertical welding 立焊horizontal welding 横焊overhead welding 仰焊downhand weld 平焊缝flat welding 平焊缝fillet welding 角焊缝groove weld 坡口焊butt weld 对接焊缝groove [^ru:v]n.凹槽，沟, 槽；vt.开槽于，挖沟chamfer n.斜面, 切角面, 槽, 圆角, 倒角vt.斜切,去...的角，在..上开槽[刻沟; 挖圆槽]; 在...上形成斜面uphill adj.上坡的;向上的adv.向上地downhill adj.下坡的, 倾斜的adv.往下position of groove 坡口位置welding progression 焊接方向welding process 焊接方法base metal母材filler metal填充金属travel speed焊接速度interpass 层间holding time temperature恒温时间reinforcement n. 余高，加固; 加固物,钢筋undercut 咬边slag inclusion 夹渣welding slag 焊渣blowhole / pore 气孔sand hole 砂眼crater 弧坑crack 裂纹welding beading 焊瘤oxide [Cksaid]n.氧化物[皮, 层]oil stain 油污mismatch 错口bending 弯曲heat penetration 加热深度; 热透(深度) full penetration 焊透incomplete/poor penetration 未焊透penetrate [penitreit]v.穿透, 渗透, 看穿penetration n.穿[渗, 浸,焊]透,渗透性crack n.裂缝v.(使)破裂, 裂纹flaw n.缺点, 裂纹vt.使破裂, 使有缺陷, 使无效vi.生裂缝, 变的有缺陷flawed 有裂纹的, 有瑕疵的，有缺陷的flawy 有缺陷的flawless adj.无缺点的, 无裂缝的bend （bent）v.弯曲, 专心于, 屈服n.弯曲bended adj. 弯曲的bendy adj. 易弯曲的,柔韧的stiff [stif]adj.硬的,稠的,艰难的,僵硬的，刚强的，拉紧的，不易弯曲的n. 普通工人；傻瓜；穷光蛋stiffen vt.使硬,使绷紧;使强硬[坚强];使粘[稠]stiffener n.使坚硬的人[物];硬化剂;刚性元件;兴奋剂;增强(勇气, 决心等)的东西dent n.凹痕,缺口v. 使凹下, 凹进, 削弱flaw detector 探伤仪, 裂纹探测器flaw detection 探伤检验, 裂缝检查solder n. Vt. 焊接，焊料welding n. 焊接法arc welder 电焊机arc welding machine 电焊机welder, solderer 焊工torch n.火把;喷灯;切割器; 焊炬; 气割炬(=flashlight)[英]手电筒vt.以喷火器溶解, 气焊, 气割cutting torch 割炬, 切割吹管electric torch 电筒; 电焊焊枪gas torch 气焊焊炬welding and cutting torch 焊割两用气焊枪gauge n.标准尺,轨距；容量, 限度, 范围v.精确测量；校准, 调整；评价rule 直尺square 直角尺平方tape n.卷[皮, 钢]尺；[布,胶]带, 绝缘胶[包]布；磁[纸,录音]带tape measure 卷尺band tape 卷尺tapeline[`teIplaIn]n.卷尺, 带尺steel measuring tape 钢卷尺cloth tape 布卷尺clearance gauge / feeler 塞尺Welding Feeler Gauge焊接检验尺dial gauge 百分表，千分表eye gauge 放大镜gradient，acclivitous 倾斜的gradienter /level instrument 水平仪water level 水准仪theodolite n.[测]经纬仪transit n. 经纬仪total station 全站仪plumb n.铅锤, 铅弹adj.垂直的vt.使垂直, 用铅增加重量, 探测vi.垂直screwdriver 螺丝刀plus driver 十字螺丝刀minus screw 一字螺丝刀plus adj. prep. 正的，加的。

英语日常用语——施工现场ON CONSTRUCTION SITE1、Welcome to our construction site.2、Glad to have you here.3、Our job site(施工现场)is over there/here.4、It is very simple and crude here. Do not mind, please.这里很简陋,别介意。

5、Come in, please. Be quick. Just a minute, please. Take care.6、I am a site engineer (director, workshop head, chief of section, foreman, worker, staff member).工地工程师(厂长、车间主任、班组长、领工、工人、职员)7、May I introduce our chief engineer to you. (总工程师)8、Mr.Wang is responsible for this task.. 负责这项工作任务9、I am in charge of this section. 我负责这个工段。

10、Here is our engineering office (drawing office, control room, laboratory, meeting room, common room, rest room).这是我们的工程技术办公室(绘图室、调度室、实验室、会议室、座谈室、休息室)11、Sit down, please. Let us have a rest.12、Have some tea (cold drink, ice-sucker 冰棒).13、I have some thing(question) to ask of you.14、Would you please tell us something about this?15、Thanks for your kindness. 感谢费心!Thanks for your help.16、The shift will start at half past seven a.m.早班从7点半开始。