IPV6路由配置
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IPv6地址及其基本路由的配置
首先看IPV6地址的表达方式
2001:0000:0000:0000:0000:2E78:0000:0001
用十六进制表达,分8段,其中0可以省略,以上地址可以写成如下形式:
2001: 0: 0: 0: 0:2E78: 0: 1
更简略的写法是:
2001::2E78: 0: 1
注意,省略连续的几段0的时候,只能省一个地方为::,否则将不知道省略了多少位。
好了,以下地址是合法的IPV6地址:
(1) ::
(2) ::1
等等……
拓扑
2
PC1地址:2001::10/64 网关:2001::1/64
PC2地址:2002::10/64 网关:2002::1/64
路由器的地址配置
R1:
R1>en
R1#
R1#conf t
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing //启用IPv6单播路由
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2001::1/64 //配置IPv6地址,注意子网掩码的表达方式
R1(config-if)#no shu
R1(config)#interface serial 0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2000::1/64
R1(config-if)#clock rate 64000 //依然要配时钟,IP协议版本的升级不影响第二层
R1(config-if)#no shu
R2:
R2>en
R2#conf t
R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R2(config)#int f 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2002::1/64
R2(config-if)#no shu
R2(config-if)#int s 0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 add 2000::2/64
R2(config-if)#no shu
3
R2 ping R1
R2#
R2#ping 2000::1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2000::1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 31/40/78 ms
PC1ping网关:
PC1>ping 2001::1
Pinging 2001::1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 2001::1: bytes=32 time=62ms TTL=255
Reply from 2001::1: bytes=32 time=32ms TTL=255
Reply from 2001::1: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=255
Reply from 2001::1: bytes=32 time=31ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for 2001::1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 31ms, Maximum = 62ms, Average = 39ms
方法一:配置IPv6静态路由
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R1(config)#ipv6 route 2002::/64 2000::2
R2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
R2(config)#ipv6 route 2001::/64 2000::1
测试:
PC2>ping 2001::10 4
Pinging 2001::10 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 2001::10: bytes=32 time=94ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001::10: bytes=32 time=93ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001::10: bytes=32 time=94ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001::10: bytes=32 time=94ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 2001::10:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 93ms, Maximum = 94ms, Average = 93ms
方法二:配置RIPng
注:首先要把之前的静态路由NO掉,这个非常重要,因为静态理由的管理距离是1,而即将配置的RIP的管理距离是120,显然,静态路由的可信度比RIP路由的可信度高,因此,只有静态路由会出现在路由表。
R1(config)#no ipv6 route 2002::/64 2000::2 //no掉之前的静态路由
R1(config)#interface f 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1 enable //启用RIP,进程号为1
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int s 0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1 enable
R2(config)#no ipv6 route 2001::/64 2000::1 ////no掉之前的静态路由
R2(config)#int f 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1 enable
R2(config-if)#exit
R2(config)#int s 0/0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 rip 1 enable
R2#show ipv6 route
IPv6 Routing Table - 6 entries
Codes: C - Connected, L - Local, S - Static, R - RIP, B - BGP
U - Per-user Static route, M - MIPv6
I1 - ISIS L1, I2 - ISIS L2, IA - ISIS interarea, IS - ISIS summary
O - OSPF intra, OI - OSPF inter, OE1 - OSPF ext 1, OE2 - OSPF ext 2 5
ON1 - OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA ext 2
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external
C 2000::/64 [0/0]
via ::, Serial0/0/0
L 2000::2/128 [0/0]
via ::, Serial0/0/0
R 2001::/64 [120/2]
via FE80::201:96FF:FE04:C01, Serial0/0/0
C 2002::/64 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L 2002::1/128 [0/0]
via ::, FastEthernet0/0
L FF00::/8 [0/0]
via ::, Null0
在路由表中看到R路由,说明RIPng工作正常。
方法三:配置OSPF v3
注:上个实验配置的RIPng不用NO掉,因为我们即将配置的OSPF v3的管理距离是110,比RIPng的要小,可信度要高,如果OSPFv3正常工作,其路由将出现在理由表,而RIPng的结果不被采纳。
R1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 100
R1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1 //必须设置路由ID
R1(config-rtr)#exit
R1(config)#int f 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 100 area 0 //启用OSPF,并指定进程号100和区域0
R1(config-if)#exit
R1(config)#int s 0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 100 area 0
R2(config)#ipv6 router ospf 100
R2(config-rtr)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-rtr)#exit
R2(config)#int f 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 100 area 0
R2(config-if)#exit