（完整版）英语五大基本句型及练习

（完整版）英语五⼤基本句型及练习

英语五⼤基本句型及练习

英语五⼤基本句型及练习

基本概念：与汉语相似，英语句⼦是由主语(subject), 谓语动词(verb),宾语(object), 表语(predicative),状语(adverbial),宾语补⾜语(object complement)等成分组成，按照这些成分的组合⽅式英语句⼦可分为五种基本句型。

句型⼀：主语+不及物动词

不及物动词本⾝就可以表达完整的意念，

不需要宾语及补语，

但有时可有副词，

介词短语等状语修饰语。e.g. The rain stopped .

The old man walks in the park .

句型⼀的扩展：1.主语+不及物动词+状语e.g. The machine works smoothly. (机器运转正常。)

2.There +不及物动词+主语

e.g. There is some milk in the bottle .

There comes the bus .

3. 主语+不及物动词+ 动词不定式

e.g. They stopped to take a short rest . (他们停下来稍作休息)

特别提醒

动词stop 可⽤作不及物动词，也可⽤作及物动词。作不及物动词时, 通常后接动词不定式,表⽰停下来的⽬的是做另⼀件事。作及物动词时，通常后接动名词,表⽰停⽌做这件事。e.g. They stopped taking a rest .

句型⼆

：主语+系动词+表语

系动词本⾝不能表达完整的意念没，需要形容词，名词，介词短语等来补充说明主语，也叫主语补语。e.g. My sister is a nurse .

I feel quite hungry .

The ball is under the desk .

句型三：主语+及物动词+宾语

及物动词本⾝需要⼀个动作的接受者（宾语），才可以表达⼀个完整的意念。e.g. We are learning English .

Do you know him ?

Your radio needs repairing .

She hopes to see her uncle.句型四：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语

有些及物动词需要两个宾语才能表达⼀个完整意念。e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt.

Give me the book, please.

特别提醒A. 在此句型中，

通常是间接宾语（⼈）在前，直接宾语（物）在后，有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调，这时间接宾语前应加上适当的介词。e.g. Her mother bought a skirt for her .

Give the book to me , please .

直接宾语与间接宾语对调时，间接宾语前加介词to的动词有：give(给), tell(告诉) , lend(借给) , sell(卖), teach(教) , send(寄给), write(写给), show(出⽰) , return(还给), bring(带给), pass(递给),leave(留给), offer(提供), hand(交给)

间接宾语前加介词for的动词有：buy(买), choose(选择), get (弄到), make(做), order(订购), sing (唱歌), do (做), play(演奏)

B. 如果直接宾语为⼈称代词那么必须把直接宾放在间接宾语前，且间接宾语前要加上适当的介词。

e.g. I handed it to our teacher .

不能说：I handed our teacher it .C. 此句型变为被动语态时，可分为两种情况。

e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt .

a. She was bought a skirt by her mother .

b. A skirt was bought for her by her mother.

句型五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补⾜语

及物动词本⾝需要⼀个宾语外，

还需要⼀个名词，形容词，副词, 动词不定式，分词来补充说明宾语，才能表达⼀个完整的意念。e.g. We elected Li Yang our monitor.

The news made us sad.

She saw the thief steal into the shop .

The teacher asked me to answer the question .

I found the man stealing the money .

I found my money stolen .

特别提醒A. 现在分词为宾语补⾜语时，宾语与现在分词之间是主动关系；过去分词为宾语补⾜语时,宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。

B. 在let(让)，make(使得)，have（请，让，使得），see(看)，hear(听到)，watch(观看)，feel(感觉到)，listen to (倾听)，lookat (看到)，notice(注意到)等动词后的宾语补⾜语如果为不定式，

则省掉”to”,但变为被动语态时，

则要带”to”.e.g. We hear her sing next door.

She is heard to sing next door .

C. 此句型变为被动语态时，只有⼀种情况。

e.g. They saw him steal the old man’s money.

He was seen to steal the old man’s money .

英语五⼤基本句型练习1.I am sorry to have kept you ____.

a. wait

b. to wait

c. waiting

d. waited

2.She found her dog ___over by a car on the road.

a. run

b. ran d. to

run d. running

3. Rose is going to have her hair _____.

a. do

b. done

c. did

d. doing

4. She felt somebody ___her.

a. touched

b. touches

c. touch

d. to touch

5. She taught him _____speak English.

a. how

b. how could he

c. how he could

d. how to

6.He didn’t enjoy the play because he ____.

a. was boring

b. bored

c. was bored

d. boring7.I will make your dream ____.

a. comes true

b. to come true

c. coming truly

d. come true

8.He warned ____home .

a. us to not go

b. us not to go

c. we not go

d. us not go

9. Canned food does not go ____.

a. bed easily

b. badly easy

c. bad easy

d. badly easily

10.The sad news kept her ___all the night.

a. awake

b. waken

c. wake

d. to wake

11.I think ____a bad habit to get up late .

a. that

b. it

c. this

d. its

12.He found his money _____.

a. steal

b. stealing

c. stolen

d. to steal

13.Roses in bloom smell ____.

a. sweetly

b. sweet

c. sweeten

d. sweetness14.We must have the machine ____.

a. to repair

b. repairing

c. repair

d. repaired

15.She was lying in the sofa ____a book.

a. reading

b. read

c. to read

d. to reading

16.A television set will keep us ____of the news of the day.

a. inform

b. to inform

c. informed

d. informing

17.The speaker found himself ____all alone.

a. left

b. leave

c. leaving

d. to leave

18.The speaker found himself ____.

a. misunderstand

b. misunderstanding

c. misunderstood

d. to misunderstand

19.-My watch is broken.

–Why don’t you ___.

a. take a repairer your watch

b. take your watch a repairer

c. take to a repairer it

d. take it to

a repairer

20.I heard you went to the museum yesterday and couldn’t find ____the hotel.

a. how to return to

b. how you could go for