Joint work with Kartik Krishnan. Multiscale Optimization Methods and Applications

坚持合作英文作文英文：Sticking to Cooperation。

Cooperation is a key factor in achieving success, both in personal and professional life. It is important to stick to cooperation, as it helps in building trust, understanding, and respect between individuals or organizations. In this article, I will discuss why sticking to cooperation is important and how it can benefit us.Firstly, sticking to cooperation helps in achieving common goals. When people work together, they can pooltheir resources, knowledge, and skills to achieve a common objective. For instance, a group of students working together on a project can achieve better results than an individual working alone. Similarly, in a workplace, when employees work together, they can accomplish more than when they work in isolation.Secondly, cooperation helps in building trust and understanding. When people work together, they get to know each other better, which leads to the development of trust and understanding. This, in turn, helps in resolving conflicts and avoiding misunderstandings. For example, if two colleagues work together on a project and face a disagreement, they are more likely to resolve it amicablyif they have a good understanding of each other's strengths and weaknesses.Lastly, sticking to cooperation helps in building respect. When people work together, they learn to appreciate each other's efforts and contributions. This leads to the development of respect, which is essential for maintaining healthy relationships. For instance, if a manager shows respect for their employees, the employees are more likely to reciprocate and work harder to achieve the company's goals.In conclusion, sticking to cooperation is essential for achieving success in personal and professional life. Ithelps in achieving common goals, building trust and understanding, and developing respect. Therefore, we should always strive to work together and cooperate with others, as it can benefit us in numerous ways.中文：坚持合作。

Translation of the original instructions 1Further applicable documentsAll available documents for the product è/pk.2Operating elements and connections1Connecting tube 2Drive shaft3Coupling4Plug (only for KSK-185)5Half shells (split hub)6Unsplit hub 7Coupling screwsFig. 13Function and applicationThe KSK connecting shaft synchronises the rotary motion of two parallel electric toothed belt axes.It is intended for transmission of rotary motion without additional external loads in horizontal mounting position of the connecting shaft between axes EGC-...-TBor ELGA-TB.Fig. 2 Mounting position (example)4Transport and storageStore the connecting shaft preferably at room temperature without external mech-anical loads. Temperature stresses and extreme climatic conditions will damage the couplings in particular.5Requirements for product use•Make sure that the items in this chapter are observed at all times.This ensures that the product operates correctly and safely.–Take into consideration the legal regulations applicable for the location as well as:–Instructions and standards–Regulations of testing organisations and insurers,–National specifications.–Compare the limit values specified in these operating instructions with your actual application (e.g. installation tolerances, forces, torques, temperatures,masses, velocities).Operation of the product in compliance with the relevant safety regulations depends on adherence to the load limits.–Remove transport packaging, such as films, caps and cardboard.The material used in the packaging has been specifically chosen for its recyc-lability (exception: oiled paper = residual waste).–Use the product in its original status, without any unauthorised modifica-tions.–Take into consideration the ambient conditions at the location of use.Corrosive environments (e.g. ozone) will reduce the service life of the product.–Take the tolerance of the tightening torques into account. Unless otherwise specified, the tolerance is ±20%.6Installation Damaged shafts may lead to failure of axis synchronisation.•Check whether the connecting shaft has transport or bearing damage, in par-ticular kinks, dents or bends. A KSK with such damage is not suitable for fur-ther use.Damaged metal bellows of the couplings may lead to failure of axis synchron­isation.•Check whether the metal bellows of the coupling show kinks, dents or out-of-roundness. A coupling with such damage is not suitable for further use.•Make sure that the maximum permissible static slide misalignment Δw of the axes isè 12.2 Max. permissible static slide misalignment at permissible drive torquemaintained over the entire travel distance. The diagram is already reduced by the dynamic component of the misalignment caused by the shaft torsion.The slide offset Δw is made up of the offset of:–different slide feeds Δk–due to mounting tolerances.Fig. 4 •To determine the offset Δk, measure the travel distances 1 k1 and 2 k2 of the slides on both axes with the same number of revolutions of the drive shafts (preferably over the entire stroke range).The offset Δk results from the distance difference.Fig. 58106170KSKConnecting shaft81061702019-07f [8106172]Festo SE & Co. KG Ruiter Straße 82 73734 Esslingen Germany+49 711 •Make sure that the permissible radial misalignment ΔKr is not exceeded.The maximum permissible radial Δmisalignment Kr, which can still be com-pensated by the bellows couplings, increases as the misalignment of the two axes is reduced.The interdependence of the two quantities:è12.1 Max. permissible radial misalignment for angular misalignment.Fig. 6•Compare the outer diameter of the coupling with the available installation space. Depending on the size-length combination, the couplings may project beyond the contour of the toothed belt axis.•Observe the mounting instructions and the support distances in the operatinginstructions for the axis.The asymmetrical product geometry of the EGC can lead to mounting errors.•Note the different distances (LH and LV) between the guide centre and the front and rear cover surfaces. Connection is possible at all four hollow shaft ends.EGC­...­TB­KF­...­Z with shortened hollow shaftsFig. 8Please note that the drive shaft may only be mounted on the front side of type EGC-...-TB-KF-...-Z.•Note that the nominal length L can be read from the KSK type code (e.g.KSK-40-1000 è L = 1000 mm).Place the toothed belt axes at the specified distance L from each other.Fig. 9•L ≙ clearance between the drive coversAttach an X-axis to the basic assembly. Please observe the information in theuser manual of the axis.•Now attach the second X-axis. The axis must be aligned both in height and in parallelism of the slide surfaces to each other.First slightly tighten the retaining screws.•Move the X-axis slides to the same end position.•Attach the Y axis to the X axis slides.•Move the Y axis back and forth over the entire traverse path of the X axes. The second X-axis will then align itself definitively.•Fasten the second X-axis while observing the alignment and the permissible offsets Δk and ΔW è 12 Characteristic curves.Check that the axes move smoothly again.•Tighten the retaining screws.6.1Installation Processing•Remove the shaft cover on the desired connection side (e.g. with a screw-driver).•Push the included drive shaft into the hollow shaft of the EGC/ELGA until it stops.Fig. 12•Tighten drive shaft with ring spanner 1, hold in position and tighten screw with Allen key 2. Observe the tightening torque.Size5070A­70801201851) Tightening torque EGC[Nm]1 1.5–71460Tightening torque ELGA[Nm]––78.514601) KSK-185 is provided for ELGA-TB-KF-150Tab. 1•For KSK-185: push the enclosed plugs 4for pipe clamping into both ends of the connecting shaft as far as they will go.Fig. 13 •Unscrew the coupling screws of the split half-shells.•Clean the contact surfaces of the coupling, drive shaft and connecting shaft.These only function free from oil and grease.•Slide the couplings with the undivided hub onto the drive shafts of the axes to the stop.First tighten the coupling screws only slightly to fix the coupling.Fig. 14 •Place the connecting shaft in the open couplings.Fig. 15 •Maintain the support depth B of the connecting shaft. A bearing depth that is too small can be compensated by moving the coupling away from the stop and towards the shaft.The drive shaft must engage in the undivided hub as a minimum with dimen-sion B.Size 5070A­70801201851)AxisEGC/ELGAMinimum support depth B [mm]10.210.213.113.121.626Tightening torque M A[Nm]4488501201) KSK-185 is provided for ELGA-TB-KF-150Tab. 2 EGC/ELGA axis•Tighten the coupling screws of the undivided hubs to tightening torque M A.Fig. 16 •Place the half-shells, which you have previously dismantled, loosely back in place using the coupling screws.Move the y-axis to the stroke centre of the x-axes.If the slides are offset•Move both slides to the same axis position. You can use this to compensatefor possible tensions once again.•Tighten the coupling screws of the split hub to tightening torque M A . Clamp-ing must be symmetrical.7Commissioning Fast rotating connection shafts contain high energy. Burns, injuries or destruction of the parts in contact can result.•Make sure that nobody reaches for the rotating KSK and that no objects areknocked against it, e.g. by protective grids or covers.1.Ensure that the documents for project engineering of your multi-axis systemare available.2.Maximum rotational speeds, slide velocities, mounting tolerances, axistorque and slide misalignment must not exceed the permissible values è 11 Technical dataand è 12 Characteristic curves.3.Start a test run at low speed.4.During the test run, check that the axis system runs smoothly.Misalignments, offsets, stresses in the system lead to occasional or constant stiffness.5.Increase the rotational speed step by step up to the maximum travel velocitythat will occur during operation.6.Terminate the test run.8Operation and useBent or damaged shafts and couplings will break in time.•Make sure that the elements of the KSK are not damaged and that suddenshaft breakage cannot cause any damage, e.g. by protective grilles or covers.9Maintenance and careDuring every maintenance operation, check that the components of the connect-ing shaft are undamaged. In the event of a defect, one of the X-axes is dragged along the Y-axis and not driven by the connecting shaft as intended. This type of towing operation considerably reduces the service life of the axes.10Fault clearanceMalfunctionCauseRemedyCoupling broken–Overloading –Too much offsetReplace coupling, comply with limit valuesConnecting shaft is not securely in the coupling Observe minimum dimension B (è 6.1 Installation Processing)Loose locking screws Tighten locking screws Grease in the clamp connec-tions–Loosen affected clampconnection, remove parts and replace damaged parts–Degrease contact surfaces –Reassemble connecting shaftConnecting shaft slips/jerking during startup System overloadedObserve limit valuesToo much offsetRe-adjust slide position without offset(è 6.1 Installation Processing)Scraping noises during move-mentParts contact adjacent itemsEstablish clearances Y-axis tilts during traverseCoupling defective (broken)shaft slipsReplace couplingTab. 311Technical dataTechnical data, general1) only size 185Tab. 4 Technical data, general Technical data, EGC1) Calculated values (at distance L = 0 mm)2) L see Fig. 9 (example for KSK-70-... and L = 2 m: (35 + 2 x 34 = 103) kgmm^2)Tab. 5 Technical data, EGC Technical data, ELGA1) KSK-185 is provided for ELGA-TB-KF-1502) Calculated values (at distance L = 0 mm)3) L see Fig. 9 (example for KSK-80 with L=1.2m 159 kg x mm^2 + 1.2 m x 80 kg x mm^2 /m)Tab. 6 Technical data, ELGA 12Characteristic curves12.1Max. permissible radial misalignment for angular misalignmentFig. 17Reading example:(for length A = 250 mm and angular misalignment a = 0.5° a radial misalignment of maximum ΔKr = 3 mm is permissible)12.2Max. permissible static slide misalignment at permissible drive torqueEGC­...­TBFig. 18ELGA­...­TB­KFFig. 19ELGA­...­TB­RFFig. 20 12.3Maximum permissible speedEGC­...­TBFig. 21ELGA­...­TB­KFFig. 22ELGA­...­TB­RFFig. 23。

上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年度第二学期高二英语摸底考试试卷(满分150分，120分钟完成。

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)命题：张宁审核：程姑第I卷II. Grammar and Vocabulary (20'+20‘)Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.21.These teenage girls prefer to take pictures________ stands a famous cubism painting in a gallery.A. whereB. whatC. whenD. as22.When guided to reflect on their good fortune, people tend to be more thankful for and appreciative of ________ they have and ________ they are on their path right now, thus more willing to contribute to the common good.A. which, whenB. what, whereC. all, whichD. all, that23.-The wounded soldier ________ have been sent to hospital immediately.-So he ________ , but all efforts made no difference.A. should, wasB. must, didC. ought to, hadD. can, has24.With robots coming to the rescue and appearing on the farm scene, farming has been more efficient with regard to the time ________takes to inspect crops and dig up weed.A. whatB. itC. oneD. which25.We need________ to have a good command of English as a medical student needs ________a doctor.A. as long and tough a training, to becomeB. as long and tough a training, becomingC. as a long and tough training, to becomeD. as a long and tough training, becoming26.The success of Full River Red (Man jiang hong), a 2023 historical suspense comedy film directed by Zhang Yimou, is such________ even some western celebrities have started to read Chinese history.A. asB. likeC. thatD. making27.According to economics, money flows to ________ it is that controls the scarce thing, say, the cutting-edge knowledge.A. whomB. whomeverC. whoD. whoever28.It is natural that the prominent actress ________ charged with tax evasion.A. wereB. would have beenC. may have beenD. should have been29.Premier Li Keqiang is going to take questions from both Chinese and foreign correspondents at the annual press conference_________ in March.A. to holdB. to take placeC. occurredD. held30.Given the serious damage and substantial losses caused by the recent 7.8 magnitude earthquakewhich struck southern Turkey, just 50 miles from the Syrian border, more financial support from international society _________.A. remaining to be raisedB. remains to be raisedC. remaining to raiseD. remains to raise31.The firm has been taking measures to cut costs to keep its _________up, including purchasing cheaper raw materials and reducing its workforce.A. expenditureB. profitsC. salariesD. rank32.The idle afternoon we are going through at home really deserves a fix of coffee or tea to _________our tired minds.A. repairB. refreshC. recoverD. rescue33.General Motors(GM) plans to _________ its two plants to electric vehicle production by 2035 and another plant in Coahuila will make the new model of Chevrolet Blazer from 2024.A. converseB. convertC. conserveD. preserve34.Since the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in China, investors from home and abroad have lowered expectations of these tech companies, making it harder to lift their _________.A. marketsB. pricesC. brandsD. shares35.A record 3.3 million Americans applied for unemployment _________in the third week of March 2020, according to the US Labor Department, as restaurants, hotels, barber shops, gyms and more shut down in a nationwide effort to slow the spread of the deadly coronavirus.A. claimsB. benefitsC. interestsD. objectives36.On hearing the heart-breaking news, she couldn't _________herself and broke out crying.A. regainB. reserveC. composeD. comprise37.ALK or the gene for anaplastic lymphoma kinase is a stretch of DNA whose mutant (突变的)form has been associated with human cancers, but, its normal function which has something to do with thinness in humans had not been _________before the research.A. foundedB. establishedC. maintainedD. received38.When the candidate presented the results of his experiment on the brain of mice to the pharmaceutical company, they laughed and paid no _________to the discovery which later turned out to be a brilliant idea for a new product.A. investigationB. regardC. noticeD. inspection39.In the 4-day Shanghai Disneyland Tour, you will spend a full day venturing in dream-like Disney castle, gardens, _________ film scenes, enjoying fabulous kid joy with famous Disney characters and various family entertainment activities and amusing shows.A. fancyB. fantasyC. fascinationD. fashion40.The policy _________ "renationalisation”, and throws the country's financial markets back to the past, complains the economist shepherding privatization for the former prime minister.A. accumulatesB. amounts toC. equals toD. recovers Section B:Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.(A)A. selectedB. distinctiveC. signatureD. odds AB. domestication AC. decidedAD. individuals BC. tamest BD. conflicted CD. mixed ABC. developIf you see a house cat, the_____41_____are high that it will have white paws, a look that many owners affectionately call“socks." But socks are rarely seen in wildcats, the elusive and undomesticated cousin of the house cat, so why do so many pet cats sport furry white feet?As it turns out, this story started about 10,000 years ago, when humans and cats _____42 _____ life was better together.This_____43 _____eventually led to uber-prevalent socks on cats, as well as other well-known coat patterns, said Leslie Lyons, professor emerita and head of the Feline Genetics Laboratory at the University of Missouri College of V eterinary Medicine.“As humans became farmers and started staying in one place, they had grain stores and waste piles” that attracted rodents, Lyons said. It was a mutually beneficial arrangement: the humans had fewer rodents to deal with and the cats got an easy meal.The wild, undomesticated ancestor species of house cats, Felis silvestris, lives in Africa and Eurasia. These felines are tasty snacks as kittens and stealthy predators as adults, so _____44 _____ born with a coat that offers camouflage (保护色)have tended to survive and reproduce.But not every F. silvestiis is born with a coat that blends into its habitat."Genetic mutations are occurring all the time.” Lyons said.There isn't much evidence to indicate why early cat people chose the individuals they did, but Lyons said the range of coats seen on modern domestic cats shows that our agrarian ancestors favored cats with markings that would have _____45 _____with their camouflage.In its native mixed forest or scrub desert environment, a cat with stark white paws would have stood out to predators and prey.When humans started taking an interest in cats, these white paws would have stood out to them, too. “There were probably people saying,‘I particularly like that kitten because it has white feet . Let's make sure it survives, Lyons said.Humans probably also_____46 _____cats who were calm and comfortable around humans, Lyons said. Behavioral traits seem unrelated to coat color, but for reasons that scientists don't fully understand, white spots tend to appear when the _____47 _____individuals are selected and bred.These_____48_____fur colors and markings emerge while a cat embryo is developing. The cells that give cat fur its color first appear as neural crest cells, which are located along what will become the back, Lyons said.Then, those cells slowly migrate down and around the body. If those waves of cells move farenough to meet each other on the cat's front side, the embryo will be born a solid-colored kitten, such as an all-black or all-orange cat. Felines _____49 _____white feet, faces, chests and bellies when these cells don't quite make it all the way.So, the next time you see a kitty wearing white socks, you'll know that this _____50 _____ feature is a result of genetic mutations, domestication and developmental biology. Although if you try telling the cat that, it will probably just look at you quizzically before sauntering away.(B)A. initiallyB. formedC. societiesD. map AB. officiallyAC. constructed AD. potentially BC. investigate BD. perspective. CD. boundaries ABC. considerationConstruction of the world's largest radio astronomy observatory, the Square Kilometre Array, has_____51_____begun in Australia after three decades in development.A huge intergovernmental effort, the SKA has been hailed as one of the biggest scientific projects of this century. It will enable scientists to look back to early in the history of the universe when the first stars and galaxies were _____52_____.It will also be used to _____53 _____dark energy and why the universe is expanding, and to _____54 _____search for extraterrestrial life.The SKA will _____55_____ involve two telescope arrays---one on Wajarri country in remote Western Australia, called SKA-Low, comprising 131,072 tree-like antennas. SKA-Low is so named for its sensitivity to low-frequency radio signals. It will be eight times as sensitive than existing comparable telescopes and will _____56 _____the sky 135 times faster.A second array of 197 traditional dishes, SKA-Mid, will be built in South Africa's Karoo region.Dr Sarah Pearce, SKA-Low's director, said the observatory would "define the next fifty years for radio astronomy, charting the birth and death of galaxies, searching for new types of gravitational waves and expanding the_____ 57 _____of what we know about the universe'1.She added: "The SKA telescopes will be sensitive enough to detect an airport radar on a planet circling a star tens of light years away, so may even answer the biggest question of all: are we alone in the universe?"The SKA has been described by scientists as a gamechanger and a major milestone in astronomy research."To put the sensitivity of the SKA into _____58 _____, it could detect a mobile phone in the pocket of an astronaut on Mars, 225m kilometres away,” said Dr Danny Price, a senior postdoctoral fellow at the Curtin Institute of Radio Astronomy." More excitingly, if there are intelligent _____59 _____ on nearby stars with technology similar to ours, the SKA could detect the aggregate 'leakage' radiation from their radio and telecommunication networks~the first telescope sensitive enough to achieve this feat."Prof Alan Duffy, director of the space technology and industry institute at the Swinburne University of Technology, said the SKA would probably be the largest telescope _____60 , _____,"connecting across continents to create a world-spanning facility allowing us to see essentially across the entire observable universe".III. Reading Comprehension (15'+22'+8‘)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The economic case for regiftingDespite its pleasures, gift giving can be problematic.A recipient wants items A andB (say, a hat and gloves) yet receives itemsC andD (say, a scarf and mittens). Another recipient wants C and D, yet receives A and B. The_____ 61 _____ seems simple: The two recipients can simply pass along the gifts they received to each other.The _____62_____ however, is more complex. People in a study published in the Journal of Consumer Behaviour, for instance, used such words as guilty, lazy, thoughtless and disrespectful in describing their_____63 _____ about regifting. Popular culture casts it as taboo, as well.Getting stuck with gifts we do not want is no small problem. Consider that the National Retail Federation calculated that the average holiday-season______64 _____in the U.S. last year spent more than $1,000 on gifts. In a survey across 14 countries in Europe, meanwhile, 1 in 7 said they were unhappy with what they received for Christmas, yet more than half simply kept the gifts.Why can't more gifts be passed along to people who _____65 _____them?Our research with Francis J. Flynn, a professor of organizational behavior at Stanford University's Graduate School of Business, suggests the shame associated with regifting is largely _____66 _____. Indeed, our research consistently tells us that people overestimate the negative consequences.We conducted a study in which we asked people to imagine themselves either as a "giver,” who gives someone a gift card and later _____67_____it has been regifted; or as a "regifter," one who receives the gift and gives it to someone else. The latter group saw more offense. Regifters tended to assume the original givers would be _____68_____ when they found out. The general _____69_____ of the original givers, however, was: It's your gift, do what you want with it.”Next, we tried to shed light on just how serious the perceived offense is. We asked two group —again givers and regifters—to______70_____ regifting a hypothetical （假设的）wristwatch with throwing it in the trash. For the original givers, regifting the watch was a much less offensive act than trashing it. The regifters, however, _____71 _____ assumed that the givers would find both equally offensive.Finally, given that the feared offense looks more imagined than real, we turned our attention to how people might be_____72_____ to break this taboo.For this part of our research, we invited to our lab at Stanford people who had recently received presents and divided the people into two groups. When we gave the first group an opportunity to_____73_____that present, 9% did so.When we gave the second group the same opportunity, we added that it was '"National Regifting Day,” a real______74 _____that happens each year on the Thursday before Christmas. It wasn't really National Regifting Day, but the group didn't know that: 30% of them agreed to regift.Everyone has received bad gifts in their lives, and we generally accept that we will receive more in the future. Yet for some reason, we believe that we give only good gifts.Our research offers a simple solution to the problem of _____75 _____ gifts. This holiday season, consider regifting, and encourage people who receive your gifts to do the same if what you give them isn't quite what they hope for.61.A. result B. cycle. C. trick D. solution62.A. cause B. psychology C. science. D. theory63.A. feelings B. ideas C. trick. D. evaluations64. A. citizen B. retailer C. shopper D. foreigner65. A. refuse B. appreciate C. envy D. collect66. A. perceived B. ignored C. unjustified D. immeasurable67. A. learns B. suspects C. complains D. imagines68. A. praised B. hurt C. hateful D. grateful69. A. motto B. code C. principle D. attitude70. A. replace B. connect C. compare D. exchange71. A. desperately B. voluntarily C. responsibly D. wrongly72. A. encouraged B. pushed C. challenged D. forced73.A. hide B. sell C. regift D. decline74. A. ceremony B. celebration C. day D. event75. A. unpopular B. unwanted C. expensive D. meaninglessSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Jailbreaking commonly refers to unlocking iOS for iPhones and iPads. Seventeen-year-old George Hotz, or geohot as he liked to be called, was the first person to jailbreak an iPhone. He accomplished his feat in 2007, and many others followed his lead.Jailbreaking an iPhone offers some distinct benefits. With a jailbroken iPhone, you have numerous ways to change any setting to suit your needs. You can also alter the look and feel of the phone so that it matches your personality. Another advantage of jailbreaking for iPhone users is the ability to install apps not offered in Apple's App Store. Cydia, an alternative app store for jailbroken iOS devices, offers a variety of apps, some of which cost more than others.Before jailbreaking your iPhone, you should consider the consequences. Jailbreakingimmediately voids (使无效)your iPhone's warranty, which means that Apple is no longer required to fix your phone if something goes wrong. Jailbreaking also exposes you to the dangers associated with alternative apps. Poor quality apps from alternative app stores may cause your iPhone to crash more often or stop working altogether. After jailbreaking your iPhone, you must also be careful not to allow Apple to install new software on your phone.Apple naturally discourages its customers from jailbreaking their iPhones. According to the company, jailbreaking doesn't just affect the security and stability of an iPhone. It can also shorten the phone's battery life. For many people, this is an important consideration.76. Which aspects of jailbreaking does the article discuss?A. The ways in which jailbreaking can save people timeB. The positives and negatives associated with jailbreakingC. The clients who got into legal trouble for jailbreakingD. The best and worst techniques for jailbreaking phones77.What does the article imply about the first person to jailbreak an iPhone?A. He apologized for his actions.B. He produced hardware designs.C. He gave himself a nickname.D. He was turned down for a job.78.From this article, what can readers learn about the products offered by Cydia?A. Their prices vary somewhat.B. Their inventors are quite young.C. They're still manufactured abroad.D. They take only a few moments to install.79.According to Apple, what might happen after a person jailbreaks his or her iPhone?A. It might need a new camera stand.B. It might become harder to sell.C. It might be easily damaged by water.D. It might use up its battery faster.(B)Vanuatu is an island nation in the South Pacific. It is also one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those interested in adventure and sport, there is a lot to do. Some of the best snorkeling (浮湖) can be found here. Vanuatu's islands also offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano surfing and land diving.Volcano SurfingOn Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 300 meters (1,000 feet) into the sky. It is known as the Lighthouse of the Pacific because of its regular eruptions for hundreds of years. For centuries, both island locals and visitors have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Some visitors find Yasur terrifying; others cautivating. Photographers are beside themselves at the opportunity to make stunning artwork from such a special point. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.In some ways, volcano surfing, also commonly known as ash boarding, is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it’s very different. It was invented by an adventurer journalist named Zoltan Istvan, while on a trip to Vanuatu Islands in 2002. V olcano surfing is considered as an extreme sport and there are not many practicing it. A volcano surfer's goal is to escape the erupting volcanowithout getting hit by flying rocks! Riders hike up the volcano and slide down, sitting or standing, on a thin plywood or metal board. It's fast, fun, and dangerous—the perfect extreme sport.Land DivingMost people are familiar with bungee jumping, but did you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The original activity, called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony. A man ties tree vines (藤) to his legs. He then jumps headfirst from a high tower. It originated as a rite (仪式) of passage for young men trying to prove their manhood. The idea is to jump from as high as possible, and to land as close to the ground as possible. It is also a harvest ritual. The islanders believe the higher the jumpers dive, the higher the crops will grow. Every spring, island natives (men only) still perform this amazing test of strength.80.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific Ocean.B. The history of volcano surfing dates back centuries.C. Bungee jumping grew out of land diving.D. Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.81.The underlined word captivating is closest in meaning to _______.A. distressingB. charmingC. disappointingD. relieving82.Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A. Untouched Beauty: V ANUA TUB. V olcano Adventure: V ANUATUC. Extreme Destination: V ANUA TUD. Preserved Culture: V ANUATU(C)The water off the coast of northwest Greenland is a glass-like calm, but the puddles (水坑)on the region's icebergs are a sign that a transformation is underway higher on the ice sheet.Several days of unusually warm weather in northern Greenland have caused rapid melting, made visible by the rivers of meltwater rushing into the ocean. Temperatures have been running around 60 degrees Fahrenheit—10 degrees warmer than normal for this time of year, scientists said.The amount of ice that melted in Greenland between July 15 and 17 this year alone—6 billion tons of water per day~~would be enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools, according to data from the US National Snow and Ice Data Center,Each summer, scientists worry that they will see a repeat of the record melting that occurred in 2019, when 532 billion tons of ice flowed out into the sea. An unexpectedly hot spring and a July heat wave that year caused almost the entire ice sheet's surface to melt. Global sea level rose permanently by 1.5 millimeters as a result.Greenland holds enough ice一if it all melted一to lift sea level by 7.5 meters around the world. The latest research points to a more and more threatening situation on the Northern Hemisphere'siciest island.“Unprecedented" rates of melting have been observed at the bottom of the Greenland ice sheet, a study published in February found, caused by huge quantities of meltwater flowing down from the surface. This water is particularly concerning because it can destabilize the sheet above it and could lead to a massive, rapid loss of ice.And in 2020, scientists found that Greenland's ice sheet had melted beyond the point of no return. The rate of melting in recent years exceeds anything Greenland has experienced in the last 12,000 years, another study found—and enough to cause measurable change in the gravitational field over Greenland.At the East Greenland Ice-core Project~ or EastGRIP—research camp in northwest Greenland, the work of scientists to understand the impact of climate change is being affected by climate change itselfAslak Grinsted, a climate scientist at the University of Copenhagen's Niels Bohr Institute, said that they have been trying to get flights into the camp but the warmth is destabilizing the landing site.Before human-caused climate change kicked in, temperatures near 32 degrees Fahrenheit there were unheard of. But since the 1980s, this region has warmed by around 1.5 degrees Fahrenheit per decade—four times faster than the global pace—making it all the more likely that temperatures will cross the melting point.83.The passage is mainly written to _______.A. alert people to the rapid melting of Greenland's ice sheetB. arouse people's awareness of protecting the environment of GreenlandC. inform people of the large amount of ice Greenland holdsD. reveal to people the cause and effect of the rise in sea level84.What does "a transformation” in the first paragraph refer to?A. Climate change.B. A rise in sea level.C. Global warming.D. The melting of ice.85.What can be learned about the ice that melted in 2019?A. It repeated a record melting of the ice sheet several years ago.B. Its amount was the largest ever and lifted sea level permanently.C. It was enough to fill 7.2 million Olympic-sized swimming pools.D. Its melting rate was so rapid as to result in an unexpectedly hot spring.86.It is implied in the passage that _______.A. climate change is a result of human activitiesB. the study of climate change is being made easierC. the melting of Greenland's ice sheet is reversibleD. temperatures increase 1.5°F or so each decade globallySection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. They also found cetaceans gained and lost TSGs at a rate 2.4 times higher than in other mammals.B. If the whale gene was injected into the human body, could humans fight cancer?C. Some people deny that cetaceans can increase TSGs faster than other mammals.D. If you have more cells that means that one of those cells has an increased risk of becoming cancerous.AB.In contrast, cetaceans have much lower cancer rates than most other mammals.AC.But we still need to learn more about why and how they did this.Can Whales And Dolphins Fight Cancer?Whales and dolphins have been shown to be better at fighting cancer than we are, and now we may be closer to understanding why cetaceans (鲸目动物)do it. Cetaceans are generally the oldest living mammals, and some cetaceans have reached their 200th birthday. Their size means their bodies contain far more cells than the human body."_______87_______” says Daniela Tejada-Martinez at the Austral University of Chile. “So, if you are big or live longer, you have thousands and millions of cells that could become harmful." _______88_______“There's a joke that whales should be born with cancer and not even able to exist because they're just too big,” says Vincent Lynch at the University at Buffalo, New York, he says there is a super trivial explanation for how whales can exist. "They just evolved better cancer protection mechanisms," he says. ______89 _______Now, Tejada-Martinez and her colleagues have studied the evolution of 1077 tumor suppressor (肿瘤抑制)genes (TSGs). In all, they compared the evolution of the genes in 15 mammalian species, including seven cetacean species, Genes regulating DNA damage, tumor spread and the immune system were positively selected among the cetaceans. _______90 _______“It's not like we're gonna be taking whale genes and putting them into humans and making humans cancer resistant,” says Lynch. "But if you can find the genes that play a role in tumor suppression in other animals, and if you can figure out what they're doing, maybe you can make a drug that can be used to treat people."第II卷IV Grammar (10+10)Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper farm of the given word; far the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)When Steve Birkinshaw, the British fell running (越野路跑)champion, planned his record-。

写一篇互信开放是团队合作的关键的英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: Mutual Trust and Openness are the Keys to Team CollaborationIn today's fast-paced and interconnected world, teamwork is more important than ever. Whether it's in the workplace, in sports, or in any other group setting, the ability to collaborate effectively with others is essential for success. And at the heart of successful teamwork lies two key elements - mutual trust and openness.Mutual trust is the foundation on which successful team collaboration is built. When team members trust each other, they are more willing to share ideas, work together, and support each other in achieving common goals. Trust creates a sense of unity and loyalty within the team, fostering a positive and productive working environment.Openness, on the other hand, is essential for effective communication and problem-solving within a team. When team members are open to new ideas, feedback, and perspectives,they are able to learn from each other, challenge each other's assumptions, and come up with innovative solutions to complex problems. Openness fosters creativity and collaboration, leading to better outcomes for the team as a whole.Together, mutual trust and openness create a culture of cooperation and respect within a team. Team members feel comfortable expressing their thoughts and opinions, knowing that they will be heard and valued by their colleagues. They are able to work together towards a common vision, leveraging each other's strengths and expertise to achieve collective success.In contrast, when trust is lacking and communication is closed off, team collaboration suffers. Team members may withhold information, hoard resources, or work in silos, leading to misunderstandings, conflicts, and missed opportunities. Without trust and openness, a team's potential is limited, and its ability to achieve its goals is compromised.Therefore, it is crucial for team leaders to foster an environment of mutual trust and openness within their teams. They should lead by example, demonstrating honesty, integrity, and transparency in their actions and decisions. They should encourage open communication, active listening, and constructive feedback among team members. And they shouldcreate opportunities for team members to build relationships, collaborate on projects, and celebrate their successes together.In conclusion, mutual trust and openness are the keys to successful team collaboration. When team members trust each other and are open to new ideas and perspectives, they are able to work together effectively towards common goals. By nurturing a culture of cooperation and respect within their teams, leaders can empower their team members to achieve excellence and accomplish great things together.篇2Mutual Trust and Openness are Keys to Team CooperationTeamwork is essential in countless fields, from business to sports to academia. In order for a team to be successful, members must work together effectively and efficiently towards a common goal. One of the most important aspects of successful teamwork is mutual trust and openness among team members.Mutual trust is the foundation of any successful team. When team members trust each other, they are more willing to collaborate, communicate openly, and rely on each other's abilities. Trust is built through honesty, consistency, and reliability. When team members trust each other, they feel morecomfortable sharing their ideas, asking for help, and taking risks. This leads to a more cohesive and productive team.Openness is another key component of successful teamwork. Openness involves being transparent, honest, and receptive to feedback. When team members are open with each other, they are better able to communicate their thoughts, feelings, and concerns. This leads to better problem-solving, conflict resolution, and decision-making. Openness also fosters creativity and innovation, as team members feel comfortable sharing their ideas and experimenting with new approaches.In order to build mutual trust and openness within a team, it is important for team members to communicate effectively and actively listen to each other. Team members should be encouraged to share their ideas, thoughts, and concerns, and should feel comfortable asking for help when needed. It is also important for team leaders to set a positive example by being honest, transparent, and approachable.In conclusion, mutual trust and openness are keys to successful teamwork. When team members trust each other and are open with each other, they are better able to collaborate, communicate, and innovate. By fostering trust and opennesswithin a team, team members can work together more effectively towards a common goal.篇3In the modern workplace, collaboration and teamwork are essential to the success of any organization. One key element that is crucial to effective teamwork is mutual trust and openness among team members. In this essay, we will explore why mutual trust and openness are key to teamwork and how they can be fostered within a team.First and foremost, mutual trust is the foundation of any successful team. Trust among team members creates a safe and supportive environment where individuals feel comfortable sharing ideas, asking for help, and taking risks. When team members trust one another, they are more likely to communicate openly, collaborate effectively, and work together towards common goals. Without trust, team members may be hesitant to share their thoughts and opinions, which can hinder communication and collaboration within the team.In addition to trust, openness is also a crucial component of effective teamwork. Openness involves being honest, transparent, and receptive to feedback from others. When teammembers are open with one another, they are able to communicate more effectively, resolve conflicts efficiently, and create a culture of accountability within the team. Openness also helps to build stronger relationships among team members, leading to increased collaboration and productivity.There are several strategies that teams can use to foster mutual trust and openness among team members. One effective approach is to encourage open communication and feedback within the team. Team leaders can establish regular check-ins, team meetings, and brainstorming sessions to provide opportunities for team members to share their thoughts and ideas. Additionally, team members can be encouraged to provide constructive feedback to one another in a respectful and supportive manner.Another strategy for building trust and openness within a team is to promote a culture of transparency and accountability. Team leaders can set clear goals and expectations for team members, and provide regular updates on progress and outcomes. By being transparent about decision-making processes and involving team members in key decisions, trust and openness can be fostered within the team.Overall, mutual trust and openness are essential elements of effective teamwork. By creating a culture of trust and openness within a team, team members can communicate more effectively, collaborate more efficiently, and achieve better results together. Through open communication, transparency, and accountability, teams can build strong relationships and work together towards common goals. Ultimately, mutual trust and openness are key to creating a successful and high-performing team.。

专项训练14 一带一路一、语法填空“五洲四海——‘一带一路’文物考古合作展”Fruitful achievements have been made in joint archaeology programs involving China in the past decade thanks to the Belt and Road Initiative, and the highlights of these are _______ display at a major exhibition in Beijing.Thriving(欣欣向荣的) in a Collaborative World: "Belt and Road" Cooperation in Cultural Heritage and Archaeology, opened on Thursday in the Shenwumen (Gate of Divine Prowess) Gallery at the Palace Museum in Beijing, ____________(display)84 artifacts from 17 institutions from home and abroad.According to Hu Heping, minister of culture and tourism, China ____________(conduct) 44 cooperative archaeological projects involving 24 countries in the past decade. The country also took part in 11 international historical monument conservation programs in six nations."Cultural heritage conservators from China and the rest of the world joined hands to safeguard the ________(share) treasures of humanity," Hu said at the opening ceremony of the exhibition. "They've written a charming chapter of people-to-people connectivity."The exhibits also highlight the spirit of the Silk Road that emphasized inclusiveness, mutual learning and win-win cooperation," he added.Many artifacts in the ongoing exhibition, __________ will run through January, were excavated(挖掘) in Sino-foreign joint archaeological programs in recent years along the land and maritime Silk Road.Cultural heritage research institutes from countries including China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and the United Arab Emirates are also presenting their key collections reflecting communication among civilizations _________ the ancient trade routes.For example, the exhibits include a rubbing of a stone tablet, which was discovered by Chinese and Saudi archaeologists at Al-Serrian, the ruins of a port near Mecca, and Chinese porcelain shards ________________(unearth) in a China-UAE joint mission at the ruins of Jurfa in the UAE.According to Wang Guangyao, a researcher at the Palace Museum and a curator of the exhibition, the blue-and-white imperial porcelain(瓷器的) pieces from the early Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) found in the UAE may come from one of the voyages across the Indian Ocean _________(make) by the great Chinese mariner Zheng He's fleets.An exhibited Tang Dynasty (618-907) pottery figurine of a camel, unearthed in Xianyang, Shaanxi province, may remind people of the busy caravans along the Silk Road.Other artifacts such as murals from a 9th-13th century Nestorian (a branch of Christianity in Syria) temple ruin in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region and a winged Sphinx pendant, from the second to the first century BC, excavated in Uzbekistan further point to the inclusive nature of that trade network throughout history.At the opening ceremony of the exhibition, Saida Mirziyoyeva, presidential assistant of Uzbekistan, recalled Chinese monk Xuanzang's westward journey during the Tang Dynasty to connect China and Central Asia. She said the exhibits __________(date) back to Xuanzang's time would inspire more economic and cultural cooperation in modern times.二、话题阅读AOn a stretch of land covering 25 hectares in the Sirdaryo region of Uzbekistan, thousands of workers from China, Uzbekistan and other Asian countries are braving high temperatures to build a power plant.Expected to be completed by the end of next year, the project will provide about 8 percent of Uzbekistan’s electricity, crating up to 10 billion kilowatt hours of electricity per year and meeting power demand for nearly 1 million residents.Guo Tianyu, a project manager, said, “This project is of milestone significance for the energy sector in Uzbekistan, and is another landmark project under the Belt and Road Initiative(一带一路). ”He added that the economic boom(繁荣)in Uzbekistan, including development of the construction, has caused an increase in energy demand and a power shortage in the country.Construction of the power plant has created more than 1,000 job opportunities for local residents, Guo said. The new plant is just one of the many cooperation projects carried out between China and the Central Asian countries of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan as part of the BRI.According to many observers, cooperation in the BRI between China and the five nations has produced early results, helping these countries improve their infrastructure(基础建设), build tradelinks, and improve public well-being.The BRI has promoted Central Asian countries’ exports, balanced the growth of their industries, and offered opportunities for their industrial upgrading and the development of green and digital economies.This year marks the 30th anniversary of the formation of diplomatic relations between China and the five nations, with trade between the two sides rising from $460 million in. 1992 to $50 billion last year.In the first seven months of this year, trade between China and Kazakhstan rose by 19. 3 percent. The figure for Kyrgyzstan was 150. 4 percent, for Tajikistan 85. 5 percent, for Turkmenistan 53. 4 percent, while Uzbekistan saw a 32. 5 percent rise in such trade.1．What does Guo Tianyu think of power-plant project?A．He sings high praise for it.B．He feels very proud of it.C．It is a challenge to his company.D．It has brought progress to the country.2．What leads to Uzbekistan’s lack of electricity?A．Natural disasters.B．Economic crisis.C．Population increase.D．Deyelopment of economy.3．Which has the biggest trade rise with China in this year’s first 7 months?A．Tajikistan.B．Uzbekistan.C．Kyrgyzstan.D．Turkmenistan.4．Which is the most suitable title for the text?A．Belt and Road Is Widely Popular B．Belt and Road Produces Series of BenefitsC．China Helps Its Neighbors Create Jobs D．China Builds Power Station for Its NeighborBWasif Ali, a 20-year-old engineering student in a university in Islamabad, made up his mind to learn Chinese language after watching the opening ceremony of a factory built under China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (中巴经济走廊) on TV.“I realized that language is a big barrier (障碍) between Pakistanis and Chinese as most of the Chinese speakers at the ceremony were communicating with the audience through a translator (翻译器).”Ali, who is eager to work for CPEC projects, wants to overcome the communication barrier by learning Chinese language. He feels that nowadays there are not many jobs for engineers in Pakistan and fresh engineers face challenges to be employed in famous companies, so he wants to be in competition by learning Chinese language as thousands more jobs are expected to be created under the CPEC project.“The One Belt and One Road (一带一路) has helped to create 200,000 jobs, out of which 75,000 are in Pakistan through the CPEC,” said Zhao Lijian, deputy mission chief of China’s embassy in Pakistan. “A few years ago, only around 2,000 people in Pakistan were learning Chinese, and now the number is over 25,000,” said Senator Mushahid Syed, chairman of an Institute. “Many universities in Pakistan have made Chinese language a necessary subject for students and a number of institutes in all provinces of the country are offering Chinese language classes.” Chinese language learning is not only limited to students, but many working women and men are learning the language as the third language after local language Urdu and English.Analysts (分析家们) believe that learning Chinese language for Pakistani people is more than just finding job opportunities to get material benefits. Yasir Masood, an analyst of an Institute on the CPEC, has his opinion, “When we talk about connectivity (互联互通), it is not just about the roads, but also cultural connectivity which brings the two nations together. Everyone knows that China is on the rise and the time is not far when Chinese language will become as important as English. So in order to learn the values and the traditions of Chinese, learning their language is important.”5．Why does Wasif Ali want to learn Chinese?A．Because he watched a program on TV.B．Because by learning Chinese, he can be more competitive in the job market.C．Because he enjoys learning foreign languages.D．Because he has fallen in love with China.6．Which of the following statements would Mushahid Syed most possibly agree with?A．Pakistanis have paid much more attention to Chinese learning than before.B．Chinese is only taught in universities in Pakistan.C．About 2,000 people in Pakistan are learning Chinese.D．The number of Pakistanis learning Chinese has doubled.7．What’s Yasir Masood’s attitude towards Chinese learning trend in Pakistan?A．Uncertain.B．Doubtful.C．Positive.D．Cautious.8．What’s the main idea of the passage?A．Learning Chinese is vital to the working men in Pakistan.B．Recently more and more Pakistanis start to learn Chinese.C．Chinese will become as important as English.D．The One Belt and One Road has helped to create more job opportunities for Pakistanis.CItaly and China has agreed to jointly advance the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)(一带一路), which aims to build a trade and infrastructure network to connect Asia with Europe and Africa along ancient trade routes. Italy will use this opportunity to cooperate with China to develop its northern ports and the InvestItalia program, and promote cooperation in all fields.Despite some skepticism, the BRI has developed into one of the world’s largest cooperation platforms and become a hot public good. More than 120 countries and 29 international organizations have signed agreements with China up to date, bringing all sorts of development opportunities to parties of the BRI, including the construction of Kenya’s first high-speed expressway, the first cross-sea bridge in the Maldives, and the formation of the car industry in Belarus.The inclusion of Italy into the BRI makes Italy the first G7 country to formally join the Initiative, and sets a new milestone in the process of building the Belt and Road.What makes the BRI unique is that it is an initiative for win-win cooperation rather than zero-sum competition. As everyone knows, the BRI has its origin in the ancient Silk Road trade route that linked China with many places in the world, including the Italian cities of Rome and Venice. Italy is a natural fit for the ambitious project because of its historical connections with China, and also because of the need to be open rather than closed, to cooperate rather than confront. In this fast-changing world, seeking win-win progress is the best path forward for all countries.In China, it is said that without a big breakthrough in thinking, there will be no big leap in practice; and without a big leap in practice, there will be no great development. A number of Chinese ideas and initiatives have been formed with the goal of building a community of common destiny in mind. Under the BRI, we can expect China to deepen policy coordination, facilities connectivity, free trade, financial integration, and people-to-people bonds.The revival of China as a great power is a blessing to the world, contributing to the building of a better world. 9．How does the author develop the second paragraph?A．By giving examples.B．By making comparisons.C．By reasoning and analyzing.D．By describing important events.10．What can we learn from the last but one paragraph?A．China has become a superpower.B．China puts others’ interests before its own.C．China has been seeking development for all.D．China is well-known for its traditional ideas.11．What does the underlined part “zero-sum competition” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Only one participant will win.B．None of the participants will win.C．All participants will gain something.D．Some participants will win at the cost of others.12．What is best title of the passage?A．The revival of China as a great powerB．Construction along ancient trade routesC．A milestone in building BRI has beensetD．Italy and China reached an agreement on BRI三、话题语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Chinese tea gains popularity in BRI countriesHuang Shenghui, an inheritor (继承者)of the Wuyi rock tea-making technique in eastern China’s Fujian Province, 13 (see) his business, especially tea exports, 14 (grow) in recent years.He now sells Wuyi rock tea, a type of oolong tea, to 10 countries 15 (include) Malaysia, the Republic of Korea, Britain, the United States and Australia.His success all started nearly twenty years ago 16 Huang went to Kuala Lumpur with 30kg of tea in 2001.“It was like an adventure since I had never been abroad and didn’t know 17 foreign languages. I was afraid,” he said.18 his surprise, the rock tea he brought turned out to be popular in Malaysia, and he soon sold19 . “I got my first bucket of gold, and more 20 (important), I found a new market,” he said.Tea trade played an important role on the ancient lands and maritime Silk Road. Today, under the Belt and Road Initiative (“一带一路”倡议) 21 (advise) in 2013, more and more Chinese tea companies 22 (seek) opportunities abroad.四、话题写作“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛将在中国举办。

关于鲁班锁比赛合作的英语作文In the realm of traditional Chinese culture, the Luban Lock, also known as the Chinese Puzzle, stands as a testament to ancient wisdom and ingenuity. Named after Lu Ban, the legendary carpenter and engineer of ancient China, this interlocking wooden puzzle has transcended centuries to challenge and entertain minds around the globe. In the spirit of this enduring legacy, a unique competition was organized to celebrate the Luban Lock's complexity and thecollaborative skills it inspires. This essay delves into the dynamics of a Luban Lock competition, emphasizing the crucial role of teamwork, communication, and problem-solving.The Luban Lock competition was a vibrant confluence of tradition and modernity. Participants, drawn from diverse backgrounds and age groups, gathered with a shared enthusiasm for puzzles and a mutual respect for the ancient craft. Thecompetition aimed not only to test the participants' ability to solve the Luban Lock but also to foster a sense of collaboration and camaraderie among them.The event was structured in several stages, each progressively more challenging. Initially, participants were introduced to simpler versions of the Luban Lock to familiarize themselves with the basic mechanics and principles. These preliminary rounds were designed to encourage participants to form teams, discuss strategies, and share insights. The essence of this stage was not merely competition but cooperation, as participants quickly realized that pooling their collective knowledge and skills was the most effective way to tackle the puzzles.As the competition progressed, the complexity of the Luban Locks increased, and so did the necessity for refined teamwork. The intermediate rounds required participants to solve more intricate versions of the puzzle within a settimeframe. This stage tested their ability to communicate effectively under pressure, delegate tasks based onindividual strengths, and maintain a cohesive team dynamic. Teams that excelled were those that could synchronize their efforts seamlessly, demonstrating that the Luban Lock is as much a test of interpersonal skills as it is of intellectual prowess.One of the most captivating aspects of the competition was the diversity of approaches employed by different teams. Some teams preferred a methodical, step-by-step approach, meticulously analyzing each piece and its potential placements. Others adopted a more experimental strategy, rapidly testing various configurations to identify possible solutions. This diversity in problem-solving strategies highlighted the versatility of the Luban Lock and underscored the importance of embracing multiple perspectives in a collaborative setting.A particularly memorable moment occurred during the semi-finals when a seemingly insurmountable puzzle stumped most of the teams. Amid the mounting tension, one team demonstrated exceptional resilience and ingenuity. They decided to break down the problem into smaller, more manageable parts, assigning specific sections of the puzzle to individual members based on their unique strengths. This strategic division of labor, coupled with continuous, clear communication, allowed them to gradually piece together the solution. Their success was a powerful illustration of how effective collaboration can overcome even the most daunting challenges.The final round of the competition brought together the top teams in a high-stakes showdown. The ultimate puzzle was a masterful creation, combining elements of traditional Luban Locks with modern design complexities. The atmosphere was electric as teams huddled together, brainstorming and testing theories. In this climactic stage, the importance of trustand mutual respect within teams became even more apparent. Teams that had built a strong foundation of collaboration throughout the earlier rounds were able to maintain their composure and focus, ultimately demonstrating superiorproblem-solving abilities.Beyond the competitive aspect, the Luban Lock event fostered a profound sense of community among the participants. The shared experience of grappling with the puzzles created bonds that transcended the competition itself. Participants engaged in lively discussions, exchanged tips and techniques, and celebrated each other's successes. This spirit of camaraderie was perhaps the most valuable outcome of the event, reinforcing the idea that the true essence of theLuban Lock lies not just in the act of solving it, but in the collaborative journey it entails.The Luban Lock competition also served as a poignant reminder of the timeless relevance of traditional crafts inthe modern world. In an age dominated by digital technology and instant gratification, the patience, perseverance, and collaborative effort required to solve the Luban Lock offered a refreshing contrast. It underscored the importance ofslowing down, engaging deeply with a task, and appreciatingthe process as much as the outcome. For many participants,the competition was a transformative experience thatrekindled their appreciation for hands-on, mindful activities.In conclusion, the Luban Lock competition was acelebration of both individual ingenuity and collectiveeffort. It highlighted the intricate balance betweenanalytical thinking and creative problem-solving, while also emphasizing the indispensable role of teamwork and communication. The event not only honored an ancient Chinese tradition but also demonstrated its enduring relevance in fostering collaboration and community in today's fast-paced world. Through the challenges and triumphs of the competition, participants discovered that the true mastery of the LubanLock lies in the harmonious interplay of minds working together towards a common goal.。

Local Product Availability and Service—Around the WorldParker's World Class Customer Service: Built ona solid infrastructure of trained experts in avariety of locations to support you.Compumotor's Customer Service Specialists are an invaluableresource to you. Located at the Compumotor factory inRohnert Park, California, we work closely with our ATCs andare ready to assist you with a wide range of activities:•ATC Referrals•ETM Contact Information•Pricing and Availability•Field Service Repair and Set-Up.•Contact us at 800-722-2282. Outside the U.S.call 707-584-7558.Compumotor's number one goal is to provide our customers with qualityproducts that combine ease-of-use and sophisticated control capability.A Factory Authorized Automation Technology Center Near YouAt Parker, we understand the demands of the global marketplace. Throughout North America, Europe, and the Pacific Rim, our motion control products are delivered and supported through a comprehensive network of Automation Technology Centers (ATCs). In addition to those services offered by traditional distributors, these organizations specialize in the application of high technology automation equipment. ATCs offer local product availability, product demonstrations, programming assistance, system integration, and local customer training. ATCs serve the industrial needs unique to each region and also can supply complementary products and services. The ATC network includes 90 organizations and more than 125 outlets throughout the world.Your local independent ATC has been factory-trained to offer you expert service and advice. Parker Hannifin works cooperatively with its authorized ATCs to recruit, hire, and train degreed engineers for positions with ATC organizations. Over 400 degreed engineers have been placed in our ATC organizations, each a graduate of an extensive eight-week factory training curriculum.Parker’s Electromechanical Territory Manager Parker employs a competent and motivated team of degreed, factory-trained field application engineers that represent all the divisions and products to make up a complete electo-mechanical system. Over 25 Electromechanical Territory Managers (ETMs) work in conjunction with the local ATCs and are ready to offer you assistance and provide direct factory contact.Parker Integration Network (PIN)Parker has developed the Parker Integration Network (PIN) to help customers locate the most qualified independent systems builders for any size automation application. These organizations combine Parker’s leadership in motion control technology with specific application design and building expertise to meet virtually any automation requirement.We Do More Than Just Provide You With ProductsSpeak With A Motion Control Expert: Toll Free Applications Engineering Assistance When you have urgent questions, expert answers are only aphone call away. Our team of experienced engineers are readyto take your call from 6:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. PST. Theseengineers have practical field experience and are prepared toprovide you with the application and product assistancethroughout the stages of your project and for the life of theproduct. Just call 1-800-358-9070. Outside the U.S. call707-584-7558. Our staffing and support tools allow us toresolve most issues in less than one hour.Get Your Answers over the InternetIn addition to the 1-800 number, you can contact Compumotorvia the Internet. Designed as a question and answer forum, youcan leave us messages, request literature, or send and retrieve*****************************************************.Compumotor’s Web site () contains allthe most up-to-date information on Compumotor products andservices. In addition, you will find:•Catalogs on-line•Product User Guides•DXF files•Links to other Parker Divisions and related sites•Free software•Application Success StoriesEngineering Support Toolsto Make Your Job EasierYears of experience has culminated in a vast assortment of engineering support tools that help to simplify the sizing, selection, installation, and troubleshooting process. There are also tools to help design a system to custom application requirements. A few of these tools include:•Comprehensive engineering reference, available on CD-ROM or the Web•Motor Sizing and Selection Software•Application Programming Software•Product Installation Videos•A quarterly customer online newsletter Parker’s Product Information Center Parker Hannifin has become a world leader in motion and control technology by providing premier customer service. That’s what our Product Information Center is all about. Our experienced agents are ready to provide you with the product identification and referral service you need 24 hours a day for any product Parker manufactures.Phone:1-800-C-PARKER (1-800-272-7537) from U.S., Canada, MexicoFax:(216) 896-4045Calls are accepted 24 hours a day with agents available Monday through Friday, 7:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m. EST and Saturday, 7:00 a.m. to 12:00 p.m. EST. Outside of these hours, emergency breakdown calls are relayed via pager to agents on call who will respond promptly and non-emergency calls are recorded and answered the next business day.For product assistance and application support call 1-800-358-9070 to speakwith an experienced motion control expert.Motion Control Technology Training at CompumotorCompumotor offers a variety of four day training courses designed to give attendees hands-on, practical training with experienced engineers. This program provides our customers with a unique opportunity to develop a better understanding of motion technologies, application design, development, and programming. Participants will also develop a better under-standing of Parker Hannifin and its commitment to quality products and service.Local and In-House Presentations Bring the Leading Edge to YouCompumotor assures you have access to the latest information by conducting over 100 local seminars and product workshops annually. If you need a custom or an in-house presentation, talk to your Automation Technology Center or Electromechanical Territory Manager. We can customize programs to your specific requirements.6K Programmers Compu-CourseThis course is based on Compumotor’s new 6K multi-axis controller that’s capable of controlling both servo and step motor systems. Through hands-on exercises, students willlearn to work within the Motion Planner TM software environment,develop 6000 code and apply hardware features. The 6K4,four axis controller, and OEM servo and stepper drives will be used unless other arrangements are made. The class is focused on programming issues.Elective Lectures Include: 6000 Following, PLC Scan Mode,Multitasking, CompuCam, 6000 Contouring, Servo Tuning and Tuning Theory, and Motor Sizing and Selection. Materials include the Motion Planner TM software and Compumotor training manual.Gemini Compu-CourseThis course is specifically designed for users of the revolution-ary new Gemini drive and Gemini 6 Drive/Controller. It allows students to review applications and participate in hands-on assignments which highlight the new features of the Gemini family. Considerable time will be spent learning and working with the Gemini 6 language. Students will work extensively with Compumotor’s Motion Planner TM software.Elective lectures include: Following, Servo Tuning, and Motor Sizing and Selection. Materials include the Motion Planner TM software and Compumotor training manual.Call today to learn more about this opportunity to learn more about our Gemini Family.Providing the Tools to Make Informed DecisionsOur training courses and seminars offer an excellent opportunity to learn about the latest in motion control products from industry experts who understand the complexities of motion control applications.For more information on these or other Compumotor trainingcourses call:1-800-358-90706K and Gemini Technician Compu-CourseIssues faced by today’s motion control technicians are the focus of this course. Compumotor’s new 6K multi-axiscontroller and Gemini servo and stepper drives will be used,along with Compumotor’s OEM series of drives. Through hands-on exercises, students will learn to work within the Motion Planner TM software environment, troubleshoot 6000code, as well as hardware. Installation and maintenance issues will be covered in detail.Elective lectures include: 6000 Following, PLC Scan Mode,Multitasking, Servo Tuning and Tuning Theory, Motor Sizing and Selection, I/O lab, and a Troubleshooting Lab. Materials include the Motion Planner TM software and Compumotor training manual.Motion Control Expertise is Just a Click Away!Learning about motion control and our full line up of products has come alive with Compumotor's new Virtual ClassroomCD ROM. The Virtual Classroom CD ROM includes in-depth technical information on motion control, Compumotor products and typical applications—organized in a quick and easy to use format.Compumotor's Engineering Reference Guide, found in previous versions of our catalog, has also been included in the Virtual Classroom CD ROM. The Engineering Reference Guide is a comprehensive resource for motion control and common applications many engineers encounter. An abbreviated version of the Engineering Reference Guide may also be found on page 223 of this catalog.The functionality of the Virtual Classroom makes learning about motion control and our products much easier and enjoyable than ever before. The Virtual Classroom makes motion control come alive!Virtual ClassroomThe Virtual Classroom section is an interactive multimedia seminar on the technology of motion control. There are over 100 sections covering everything from the mechanical compo-nents of positioning systems toanimated tutorials on servo tuning. Intotal, there is over 8 hours of in depthinstruction.Application SolutionsCompumotor customers have solvedmany challenging applications in abroad range of industries. TheApplication Solutions section containsan interactive database of applicationsolutions allowing you to find theexample to get your project rolling. Inaddition, the most complex control applications have been animated, so the nuances of the solution can be fully understood. Compumotor sponsors a quaterly application contest for its customers with the winner receiving a California winery weekend getaway. Recent contest winners applications are also described here.Engineering Reference GuideA complete reference guide for common terminology of motion control. You will also find an abbreviated version of this information is included in the last section of this catalog. ProductsThe products section is an interactive database allowing you to search for Compumotor products based on specified controller and drive needs.Receive your FREE copy of Compumotor's Virtual Classroom CD ROM! Simply visit us on the web at or e-mail us ***********************.A Foundation for Technical LeadershipCompumotor's Mission StatementCompumotor’s Mission is to delight our customers with innovative and easy to use products and services for electronic motion control applications. We accomplish this by continuous improvement of product quality, company wide commitment to customer service, and individual growth and team involvement. Continuous Improvement of Product QualityOur number one goal is simple. To provide our customers with products that don't fail. Compumotor believes in continuous improvement of the processes used to design and manufacture products. Only through continuous process improvements can the required gains in quality be achieved. As a vertically integrated manufacturer, Compumotor incorporates product quality into the manufacturing process. Before a design reaches the production floor, our engineers have already worked out the bugs. Before any product ever reaches a customer, it has passed a rigorous set of hardware and software tests.Company Wide Commitment to Customer ServiceOur entire organization stands committed to providing our customers with unrivaled levels of service. Compumotor strives to make sure that delighted customers are the norm. Without the right tools, however, it would be impossible to deliver these high levels of service.Product lead-time is one of Compumotor’s benchmarks for customer service because it allows the machine builder great levels of flexibility. Compumotor operates a state of the art, just in time (JIT) electronics manufacturing facility in Rohnert Park, California. Compumotor has the flexibility to build any product in any quantity based on customer order without relying on outside vendors to build printed circuit assemblies. Compumotor’s average lead-time for all products is less than 5 working days without depending on any finished goods inventory.Individual Growth and Team Involvement Compumotor is a flat organization with self-directed work teams making the majority of the decisions. The manufacturing work force consists of efficient workcells, all dedicated to producing a product family. Each workcell member has a voice in streamlining the production process and has the power to “shut down” the line.Our manufacturing workforce Is completely cross-trained to work in several different workcells. Cross-training is an effective and necessary means to efficiently respond to customer demand. Compumotor has also organized its engineering department into cross-functional development teams to better represent customer needs into the product development pumotor HistoryCompumotor beganwhen engineersworking in researchand development at aprominent SiliconValley CorporationdevelopedMicrostepping, amethod to enhancethe resolution of thestandard hybrid stepmotor. After gainingapproval from thecompany, theentrepreneurialengineer started a new venture. After obtaining venture capital funding, the CompuMotion Corporation was formed.Shortly thereafter, the first microstepping systems began to ship and the CompuMotion name was changed to Compumotor Corporation. Quickly gaining experience and listening to customer feedback, our M Drive was developed. This product innovation solidified Compumotor’s success as a start-up company.Recognizing an opportunity to control a motor with the resolution of a microstepper (25,000 steps/rev), Compumotor developed a family of controls for the new motor drive technology. The new controllers were called indexers and were the first devices with a pulse train high enough to control the microstepper. Thus, Compumotor engineered our first motion control system and began a heritage of developing quality solution based products.While experiencing rapid growth, The Parker Hannifin Corporation acquired Compumotor in 1986. Parker Hannifin is a worldwide leader in hydraulic and pneumatic control and anticipated the importance of electromechanical motion. As a member of Parker Hannifin's Automation Group, Compumotor plays an vital role in providing systems for electromechanical and pneumatic control.Today, we continue to meet the needs of our customers with innovative products. Our current product offering includes motion controllers, servo and stepper drives and drive/ controllers, and a full line up of brushless servo motors. Offering innovative products along with unrivaled serviceremains our number one priority.Standards and MeasurementsSeveral years ago, the European Community (EC) issued various directives that govern the passage and sale of the products sold into and exported out of its member nations. These directives are laws in the EC that set minimum accept-able limits for product performance. Compliance with these laws was made mandatory January 1, 1997. Products which bear the CE Mark have been shown to comply with one or more of the relevant (based upon product definition) standards. The following two directives, along with the CE Marking Directive have been applied to the majority of Compumotor's product offering.LVDThe Low Voltage Directive (LVD) ensures the safety of persons or property when operating the product.•Protection against hazards such as electrical shock, mechanical hazards, vibration, fire, and heat.•Protection of equipment from hazards such as over current and over temperature.•Grounding methods and wiring practices.•Applied to products operating between:•50-1000 volts Alternating Current (AC)•75-1500 volts Direct Current (DC)EMCThe Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive governs electrical noise emissions and susceptibility, ensuring that electrical and electronic systems may work together as intended.•Radiated Emission (Radio Frequency)•Conducted Emissions (Power Line propagated disturbances)•Electrostatic Discharge Immunity•Electrical Fast Transient Immunity•Power Line Disturbance Immunity•Magnetic Field Immunity•Radiated ImmunityIf the apparatus fails within the scope of the directive, compliance is mandatory. However, the applicability of the directives is open to interpretation by both the manufacturers and end users, often leading to confusion.A product may bear the CE Mark for compliance with the Low Voltage Directive, while not intrinsically meeting the EMC Directive. Therefore, special attention should be used when selecting products to meet the EMC Directive. When Compumotor issues a CE Mark on a product, we state which specific directives it meets. If the specific product does not directly comply we the entire EMC Directive, we provide instructions on additional installation measures that must be taken.UL RecognizedCompumotor ProductsCompumotor has earned UL(Underwriters Laboratories,Inc.) recognition for thefollowing products:•Gemini•OEM300•OEM300 power supply•OEM750/OEM750X•OEM670SD/OEM670T/OEM670X•TQ10/TQ10SD/TQ10X•ZETA4/ZETA6104•ZETA4-240•ZETA8/ZETA12CE-MarkedCompumotor ProductsCompumotor has earned theCE (Conformité European)Mark for the followingproducts:•AT6200 and AT6400•AT6250 and AT6450✔CE stepper motors✔COMPAX•Dynaserv✔Gemini•Linearserv•OEM300 power supply•OEM670/OEM670X•OEM750/750X✔SM and NeoMetric servomotors✔SV Series drives, powersupplies, and motors•TQ10/TQ10SD/TQ10X•ZETA4•ZETA6104✔ZETA4-240 drive andmotors✔ZETA8-12Identifying CE-Marked Products in Catalog Throughout this catalog, products that have met the right to bear the CE Mark (refer to the following list) will display one of the following notations:•CE (LVD) Product complies with the CE Low-VoltageDirective (73/23/EEC).✔CE (EMC & LVD) Product complies with theElectromagnetic Directive (89/336/EEC) and the Low-Voltage Directive (73/23/EEC).These abbreviations will appear on the photograph of the product. If you have questions regarding CE marking for Compumotor products, contact Compumotor’s Applications Engineering Department (800-358-9070).and(EMC & LVD)UL Recognizedand CE Product SymbolsWhat is CE Marking?。

With the aims of improving the competitiveness of our robot systems and differentiating our robot products from those of our competitors, we are developing various applications based on robot simulators. This paper presents the new robot simulator K-ROSET and describes applications expanded on its system.K-ROSET robot simulator for facilitating robot introduction into complex work environmentsPrefaceAs the range of applications for robot systems has increased, various complicated issues have arisen, such as coordination between robots and their peripheral equipment and the installation of robots with multiple applications on the same line. Additionally, there is a demand for simple creation of advanced robot operation programs. In order to resolve these issues, the various companies that make robots are working to improve and add functionality to their own application examination simulators.In 2011, we developed K-ROSET, a new robot application examination simulator. In addition to the basic functions that are demanded of a robot application examination simulator, K-ROSET provides an environment for developing and testing robot operation programs on a computer. K-ROSET’s functions can also be expandedthrough the addition of the necessary applications. In this paper, we will provide an overview of K-ROSET and examples of how its functions can be expanded.1 O verview of K-ROSETIn order to improve the efficiency of robot teaching, it is necessary to make use of offline tools such as robot simulators. We have developed the K-ROSET robot simulator and the KCONG automatic teaching data generator as offline tools to simplify the introduction of robots, and we provide our users with optimally-configured robot systems that make use of the tools in different ways according to the purpose and use.K-ROSET is a tool that simulates the operations ofFig. 1 Operation screen of K-ROSETTable 1 Main functions of K-ROSETactual robots on a computer. It enables operating robots using the same methods, and executing operation plans using the same logic, as with the actual robots. Furthermore, by adding necessary applications, it is possible to automate the actual work of robot teaching, eliminating teaching work based on experiences and trial and error that used to be performed by humans.The main functions of K-ROSET are shown in Table 1, while its operation screen is shown in Fig. 1.(1) StructureWith K-ROSET, we have improved operability by adopting a software structure that integrates 3D rendering software with high processing speed and low memory requirements, complete with an operating interface that is conveniently laid out around it. By placing the robots, workpieces, teaching points, etc. on the screen, the operator can intuitively generate an operation program for the robot and simulate an actual system on the computer.(2) ApplicationsActual robot systems can be used for a wide variety of tasks that include handling, arc welding and painting, and on K-ROSET, simulations can be performed separately by application (Fig. 2). It is also possible to simulate robot systems in which robots with different applications (such as arc welding and handling, or handling and sealing) are installed simultaneously (Fig. 3).Handling robot Sealing robotSealing robotHandling robotFig. 3 Simulation example of multiple applications(a) Arc welding(b) Spot weldingFig. 2 Simulation examples of applicable targets2 C haracteristics of K-ROSETWith complex robot systems that include multiple robots or things like external axes, conveyors and peripheral equipment, it is vital to be able to study the operation without using the actual robots and equipment. When doing so, making use of the following robot simulator functions can be expected to have the benefits shown in Table 2during the various steps of introducing manufacturing equipment.①L ayout examination②C reation and verification of robot operation programs③C ycle-time verificationThe parts of K-ROSET that compute robot operations make use of the same operation software that is used in robot controllers. Additionally, because its simulation speed is several times faster than the operation speed of actual robots, it can carry out high-precision and high-speed computation of cycle time.Making use of K-ROSET’s functions eliminates the trouble of guiding the robot into a proper position through manual operation, making it possible to reduce teaching time. For example, it is possible to click on a workpiece on the screen to create a teaching point in that location and drag and drop that teaching point into the program area (the edit screen area) to create an operationinstruction.Table 2 Merits of robot simulatorsDisplay of painting operationsCoordinate system ofeach teaching pointFig. 4 Simulation example of teaching points creationFig. 5 Simulation example of real applicationFig. 4 shows an example in which teaching points have been created for a workpiece, while an example of operation based on the teaching points created is shown in Fig. 5. The operation trajectory of the robot tool tip is shown in Fig. 5.3 E xamples of customizationWith K-ROSET, users can create their own operation interfaces, expand functionality and otherwise customize the program (using plugins). In addition to using K-ROSET’s main simulation function, it is possible to use new functions and custom functions along with K-ROSET.Actual examples of additional applications that have been developed using customization functions are given below.( i ) CS-Configurator (Fig. 6)Parameters for the safety monitoring unit can be set easily based on visual representation. For example, a 3D display enables intuitive configuration of the monitoring space. (ii) K-SPARC (Fig. 7)Palletization patterns are automatically generated by K-SPARC, and K-ROSET is used to arrange robots and equipment. Additionally, the operation program can be run to confirm the loading operation.(iii) Interference prediction function (Fig. 8)When changing programs after robot installation, connecting to this function online makes it possible to predict interference between robots, workpieces and surrounding equipment during operation and to easily check the locations of predicted interference using a 3Ddisplay, preventing interference before it occurs.Fig. 8 Example of interference prediction functionFig. 6 Example of CS-Configurator setting screenFig. 7 Example of K-SPARC setting screen(iv) Electrical consumption simulation function (Fig. 9)This function can be used to run a robot operation program on K-ROSET, estimate the current and power used during operation, and display the results in tabular format. (v) Picking robot simulation (K-PET)In recent years, the use of robots in consumer products industries such as food, drugs and cosmetics has expanded rapidly, and it is particularly common to use them in combination with vision systems for the high-speed transfer of small-item workpieces. Quick verification of a robot’s transfer ability is one of the keys to the expansion into these markets. Because of this, we are working to develop systems that are specialized for this kind of application and can carry out setup and simulation in a more simplified manner. K-PET, a specialized tool for the computer simulation of picKstar, a high-speed picking robot developed by Kawasaki, is shown in Fig. 10. K-PET features a menu that can be used to easily set up feed and discharge conveyors, feeding and discharge methods for the workpiece in question, etc. Additionally, it makes iteasy to determine how multiple picKstar units will be arranged.4 L inkage with other applications(1) Linkage with vision systemsLinking K-ROSET with other applications makes it possible to carry out more advanced application verifications. Development is now underway for a simulation function that combines K-ROSET with K-VFinder, a 2D visual recognition system that is used with products such as picKstar. Doing so will make it possible to simultaneously carry out studies of vision system installation on a computer and operation verification of robots that are combined with vision systems.An example of a linkage with a vision system is shown in Fig. 11. The workpiece information generated by K-ROSET on the left side of the screen is sent to K-VFinder on the right side, and a simulation is carried out as if the workpiece had been recognized with an actual camera.Fig. 9 Example of power consumption simulationFig. 10 Example of K-PET setting screenWorkpieceFig. 11 Example of K-ROSET and K-VFinder(2) Linkage with automatic teaching systemsThe KCONG software for automatic teaching data generator comes with a built-in 3D CAD program, and K-ROSET uses the same 3D CAD program so that it can be linked with KCONG. We have thus enabled linking data between the two systems to merge the application study function (including peripheral equipment) of K-ROSET with KCONG’s function for automatically generating teaching data based on 3D workpiece data.Figure 12 shows this linkage. KCONG automatically generates teaching points based on the data for the system layout created using K-ROSET. Additionally, the data created is given to K-ROSET for operation verification.Concluding remarksWe do not simply develop tools for robot application study and simulation. We are also working to make use of robot simulation technology as a tool to differentiate our robot systems.We intend to continue to differentiate ourselves from other companies through the development of offline study systems and a range of other applications, in order to provide our customers with more desirable and effective robot systems.Shogo HasegawaFA System Department,FA and Clean Group,Robot Division,Precision Machinery CompanyMasayuki WatanabeFA System Department,FA and Clean Group,Robot Division,Precision Machinery CompanyTakayuki YoshimuraFA System Department,FA and Clean Group,Robot Division,Precision Machinery CompanyHiroki KinoshitaControl System Department,System Technology Development Center,Corporate Technology DivisionProfessional Engineer (Information Engineering)Fumihiro HondaNew Energy and Industrial Technology Development OrganizationHironobu UrabeIT System Department,System Development Division,Kawasaki Technology Co., Ltd.KCONG screenFig. 12 Example of K-ROSET and KCONG。

“Product innovation and excellence are key targets in our business development strategy, making the D-Cubed components the obvious solution for meeting our critical 3D modeling objectives. Our customers demand strong commitments to quality and functionality. Licensing solutions from Siemens PLM Software will enable us to fulfil those commitments more rapidly and with full peace of mind.” - Sermet Yucel, president of CertusoftThe PLM Components NewsletterConfigurators ......................... 1 D-Cubed DCM splines ........... 3 Contact details .. (4)I SSUE 5: J UNE 2009C ONTENTSNemetschek North America Inc., USA, released Parasolid Designer in their Vectorworks 2009 application for the architecture, entertainment, landscape and machine design industries (see page 2).IMSI/Design LLC , USA, released the 2D DCM in its new DoubleCAD XT PRO mechanical and architectural drafting and detailing application. This enables users to control their drawings with driving dimensions and geometric constraints.CNC Software Inc., USA, released Mastercam X3, which was upgraded to use Parasolid Editor. Full modeling based on Parasolid Designer is available with the Mastercam SOLIDS option.Renishaw plc , UK, licensed the CDM to provide future collision detection capabilities in its new off-line Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) programming application called MODUS.Business newsWelcome to the fifth edition of The PLM Components Newsletter . PLM Components are software tools developed by Siemens PLM Software for product design, manufacture, engineering, simulation, visualization and collaboration. They are licensed to application developers in the CAD, CAM, CAE and PLM industry. They are proving valuable to software developers during these difficult economic times, enabling fast and cost effective innovations in their products. More at /plm/open.PLM Components used in more AEC applicationsBuilding on the news in the previous edition about the increasing use of PLMComponents in AEC applications, Nemetschek North America (NNA) released Parasolid® in their Vectorworks 2009 product line (more on page 2). Other developments include an integration by Analist of the D-Cubed TM 2D DCM into ArchiPlan3D to support constraint based sketching of 2D architectural plans. Also, Bentley Systems have made the first release of the D-Cubed Collision Detection Manager (CDM) in its ProjectWise Navigator immersive project review product.PLM Components used in configuration applicationsConfiguration applications enable the sale and manufacture of products that are made-to-order to satisfy individual customer requirements. Customers select from a range of options to define a particular product configuration. Working with a CAD model is often an important part of the process, with growing use of PLM Components to support developments in this area.Certusoft is a developer of a configurator that supports the design o f m u l t i -a x l e vehicles, ensuring such designs satisfy a variety of physical conditions. They have licensed the D-Cubed 3D DCM, CDM and Hidden Line Manager (HLM) to enable a range of mechanical CAD functions. The figureopposite illustratesthe positioning of parts during an automatic process to optimise an assembly for minimal vibrations. Continued on page 3.Optimising for minimal torsional vibrations in a truck’s drivelineusing the Visual Optimizer in Certusoft ConfiguratorMore about Parasolid at /plm/parasolidAutodesk , Inc., USA, released the Inventor Simulation Suite whichutilizes Parasolid Communicator forinteroperability.WIPL-D d.o.o , Serbia, licensed Parasolid Editor for use in their Electromagnetic solver. CEI, Inc., USA, licensed Parasolid Communicator for use in their EnSight Visualization software. VX Corp., USA, licensed the ParasolidSTEP Translator.DP Technology, Inc., USA, signed a new agreement for Parasolid Designer and the STEP translator, allowing for full solid modeling capability in every seat of ESPRIT. COMSOL , Sweden, upgraded toParasolid Editor for use in the COMSOL Multiphysics ® CAD Import Module.Auton S.r.l., Italy, a subsidiary of DP Technology, licensed Parasolid Communicator for use in the Auton CAM Processor.More business news...Parasolid product newsParasolid v21 ReleasedParasolid v21 was released in December 2008 and includes numerousenhancements focussed on improving modeling capability and productivity.⏹ L o c a l o p e r a t i o n s :Enhancements have beenmade to allow more complexchanges while performinglocal edits of geometry. Forexample, options have beenadded to automaticallyindicate desired behaviorwhen features such as holesand bosses interact as theresult of a local editing operation.⏹ Enhanced surface creation:Sophisticated sheet andsurface cr eation andmanipulation capabilitieshave been extended. Forexample, users can perform sweep operations with enhanced control of rotationas well as with more complex configurations of guide curves. In addition, users can perform loft operations between profiles while twisting along a path.⏹ Application support: A new diagnostic mechanism has been added and tools thathelp developers track creation, editing and deletion of entities have been developed to add more support for sophisticated undo and rollback algorithms.Parasolid: foundation of Nemetschek launchIn September 2008 Nemetschek North America (NNA) launched Vectorworks 2009, their first Parasolid-based product, comprising: Designer, Architect, Landmark, Spotlight, Machine Design, Fundamentals, and Renderworks.After evaluating Parasolid, NNA were impressed by its out-of-the-box performance and the robustness of its functionality, in particular the high-level modeling operations such as shelling, tapering and offsetting. Many AEC professionals still use a combination of 2D and 3D techniques in their design process with inherent performance issues and opportunities for ambiguity and errors. NNA decided that Parasolid could provide a major competitive advantage over many of their competitors by bringing mature modeling capabilities from the MCAD world to their AEC users.As a result NNA set the ambitious target of integrating Parasolid into every module for simultaneous launch in Vectorworks 2009, which was less than a year away. This was achieved comfortably with assistance from the Parasolid Support Team. Parasolid and solid modeling were the focus of the launch and marketing program. Such a bold strategy, supported by extensive launch activities, created considerable excitement in the AEC world with many positive reviews and comments from analysts. Questions were also raised about how competitors would react. More about NNA and Vectorworks 2009 at . Image courtesy of Paul Oraveccomputations can now be spread across multiple processors. under 38% of the time on one improvement, even on a single Signed distances added to defineEqual curvature vector constraint for 3D DCM splines, enabling improvedImproved control of tangent magnitudes on 3D DCM interpolating splines formaintaining aesthetically pleasing curves during interactive manipulation.More about D-Cubed components at /plm/d-cubedD-Cubed components in Certusoft ConfiguratorContinued from page 1: Certusoft will use the 3D DCM to support the automated3D assembly of integrated chassis and body configurations and to enable users toconfigure their models interactively. The CDM was adopted to ensure that theassembled configuration has no interpenetrating parts, and the HLM will be used to improve the automated production of drawings that provide users with accurate visual representations of the configured products. Certusoft follows TDCI, USA, who licensed the 2D DCM to support the creation of home design configurations, such as windows and doors, in its BuyDesign application. The 2D DCM enables the dynamic creation of configuration-specific parametric drawings without the cost of integrating with a third party CAD system.Configurators are often server-based solutions that can take advantage of parallel processing to serve multiple users simultaneously. The D-Cubed components licensed by Certusoft and TDCI were all recently optimized for thread-safety operation on parallel processors to support such applications.D-Cubed CDM: extensions for facetted models Version 40 of our component for computing fast and accurate collisions andclearances was released in May 2009. Various functions previously supporting onlyaccurate (B-rep) models are now available on facetted models, including the ability to predict collisions along a given path for a facetted object.D-Cubed PGM: now available as independent componentThe Profile Geometry Manager (PGM)was previously available for integrationonly with a 2D DCM-enabled sketcher.Version 55 is now also available for applications that need to provide advanced profile offsetting capabilities independently of the 2D DCM.3D DCM controlled splines in routingPGM creates multiple trimmed offsetsintegrated in XF7 to e parametric design of new and imported uch as antennae, microwave circuits and wireless communication devices. The figure opposite part that has been sketched with the constraints that areIn common with other parametric sketchingapplications, XF7 tracks the modeling operations so that users can return and edit the original sketch and the relevant changes will be propagated through the JT Open - Recent board meetings reinforce missionJT is a lightweight data format, used by automobile, aerospace and other manufacturing industries in a range of MultiCAD, visualization and virtual prototyping applications. The JT Open Program is a global community of leading manufacturers, software vendors and academic institutions that work to establish JT as an open standard for digital 3D product representation, helping members benefit from open collaboration across the extended enterprise through the adoption The Management and Technical review boards of the JT Open Program recentlymet in the USA. A wide range of topics on the status and direction of the program were discussed, including interoperability and standards initiatives and applications in visualization, Computer-Aided Engineering and the nuclear power industry. New members of the JT Open Program include Rolls Royce, Suzuki, VW/Audi, AWE “We selected the D-Cubed 2D DCM because it was clearly the most credible option in the market. The 2D DCM’s status as the industry-standard sketching engine, coupled with an excellent support service and the stability of Siemens PLM Software as a component supplier, ensure market-leading value for Remcom and our customers.” - Bradley Flubacher, Senior Software Engineer at Remcom2D DCM based sketching in the XFdtd electromagnetic simulation application。

丝绸之路合作共赢精神英语作文The Silk Road Cooperative Spirit: A Shared Journey of Mutual ProsperityThe Silk Road, an ancient network of trade routes that connected the East and the West, has long been a symbol of cultural exchange, economic cooperation, and mutual understanding. This remarkable legacy continues to inspire us today as we seek to revive the spirit of the Silk Road and harness its transformative power in the modern era.At the heart of the Silk Road's enduring success lies the principle of cooperation and shared prosperity. Merchants, scholars, and travelers from diverse backgrounds traversed these vast networks, not only exchanging goods but also ideas, technologies, and cultural traditions. This cross-pollination of knowledge and the willingness to learn from one another were the driving forces behind the SilkRoad's prosperity and resilience.In today's increasingly interconnected world, the Silk Road cooperative spirit holds profound relevance. As nations and regions grapple with complex global challenges, from climate change to economic disparities, the lessons of the Silk Road remind us of thepower of collaboration and the pursuit of mutual benefit. By embracing this ethos, we can unlock new avenues for growth, innovation, and sustainable development.One of the key principles of the Silk Road cooperative spirit is the recognition that true progress can only be achieved through inclusive and equitable partnerships. The Silk Road's success was predicated on the understanding that each participant had something valuable to contribute, and that by working together, they could create opportunities that would benefit all. This spirit of inclusivity and shared ownership is particularly crucial in an era where global cooperation is often hampered by narrow self-interests and zero-sum mentalities.The Silk Road cooperative spirit also emphasizes the importance of cultural exchange and mutual understanding. As merchants and travelers traversed the Silk Road, they not only transported goods but also shared their customs, traditions, and ways of life. This exchange of cultural ideas and practices fostered a deeper appreciation for diversity and a greater sense of interconnectedness among the peoples of the Silk Road.In the modern context, this cultural exchange and mutual understanding are vital for building bridges between nations, fostering cross-cultural collaboration, and promoting peacefulcoexistence. By embracing the Silk Road's legacy of cultural exchange, we can work to overcome stereotypes, challenge prejudices, and cultivate a more inclusive and harmonious global community.Moreover, the Silk Road cooperative spirit emphasizes the importance of sustainable and environmentally-conscious development. The Silk Road's long-term success was predicated on the careful stewardship of the natural resources and the fragile ecosystems that supported the trade routes. As we grapple with the pressing challenges of climate change and environmental degradation, the Silk Road's model of sustainable development offers valuable insights and inspiration.By adopting a similar approach to resource management, infrastructure development, and environmental protection, we can create a more sustainable and resilient global economy that benefits both people and the planet. This holistic approach to development, grounded in the Silk Road's legacy of cooperation and balance, can serve as a blueprint for a more sustainable and equitable future.As we look to the future, the Silk Road cooperative spirit can also serve as a powerful catalyst for innovation and technological progress. The exchange of ideas, technologies, and best practices that characterized the Silk Road era laid the foundation forgroundbreaking advancements in fields ranging from agriculture to astronomy. By fostering a similar spirit of collaborative innovation, we can harness the power of emerging technologies, such as renewable energy, digital connectivity, and sustainable transportation, to address global challenges and unlock new pathways for shared prosperity.In conclusion, the Silk Road cooperative spirit offers a timely and compelling vision for global cooperation and sustainable development. By embracing the principles of inclusivity, cultural exchange, and environmental stewardship that defined the Silk Road's success, we can work together to build a more prosperous, equitable, and interconnected world. As we navigate the complex challenges of the 21st century, the Silk Road's legacy serves as a powerful reminder that by working together, we can achieve remarkable feats and create a brighter future for all.。