泽稷网校 CFA考试词汇总结(中英文对照)

一项由一名代理人同时代表买方与卖方的交易，也称为撍卮砣藬Average Price Call平均价格买入期权权一种期权，其收益为零或相等于资产平均价格高于行使价格的金额Average Price Put平均价格出售期权一种期权，其收益为零或相等于行使价格高于资产平均价格的金额Average Up提高平均价格以比原先买入价格高的价格买入更多股票，从而提高所有股票的平均价格Back Door Listing后门上市/借壳上市未能符合股票交易所上市要求的企业采用的一种上市策略，公司通过收购一家已经上市的公司而达到上市的目的Backlog订单积压等候完成的出售指示Back Office后线金融服务公司的行政及支援人员，主要职能包括交易结算、清理、记录、合规监察、会计等Back Pricing往后定价某些期货合约采用的方法，期货商品的价格由买方在签署合约后特定日期决定Back-to-Back Loan背对背贷款两家位于不同国家的公司向对方借贷相同金额的对方国家货币贷款，目的在于对冲货币波动的风险Backstop最后担保为一项证券发行提供最终的保证或担保Bad Debt不良贷款不能回收的债务，因此对债权人没有价值Balanced Fund平衡基金将资产投资于货币市场、债券、优先股及普通股的共同基金，目的在于同时实现增长及收益Balanced InvestmentStrategy平衡投资策略旨在平衡风险及回报的投资组合分配及管理方法Balance Of Payments (BOP)国际收支差额一个国家在特定期间进行的所有交易的纪录，可用作比较一个国家与其他国家的经济活动量Balance Of Trade (BOT)国际贸易差额一个国家收支差额的最大组成项目。

指出口及进口的差额。

减项包括进口、外国援助、国民在国外的开支及国民在国外的投资。

加项包括出口、外国国民在国内的开支以及外国国民在国内的投资Balance Sheet资产负债表一家企业的财务报表，报告公司在一个特定时间的资产、负债及净值Balloon Option气球型期权名义付款额在达到若干标准后提高的期权1. 在一次债券发行中，在某一时间（一般于最终到期日）有大量债券到期的还款安排2. 贷款最后一次的偿还金额远高于之前偿还金额Bancassurance银行出售保险法文词汇，指通过银行既有的分销渠道销售保险Bank Guarantee银行担保放贷机构发出的担保，证明债务人的负债可获偿还。

INDEXAACCRUAL 预提费用ACCRUAL BASIS 权责发生制AMORTISATION 摊销AMORTISATION OF DEVELOPMENT COSTS 开发费用的摊销ASSETS 资产ASSET REGISTER 资产登记AVCO(AVERAGE COST)平均成本AGED RECEIVABLES ANALYSIS 应收账款账龄分析ALLOWANCE FOR RECEIVABLE 应收账款坏账准备ADJUSTING EVENTS 调整事项AUTHORISED(OR NOMINAL)CAPITAL 法定资本ASSET TURNOVER 总资产周转ASSOCIATE 联营公司B BALANCING LEDGER ACCOUNT 分类账余额调平BOOKS OF PRIME ENTRY 原始账簿BUSINESS ENTITY CONCEPT 企业会计个体概念BANK RECONCILIATION 银行余额调节表BANK STATEMENT 银行对账单BONUS ISSUE 红利股发行C CAPITAL 权益CAPITAL EXPENDITURE 资本化费用CAPITAL INCOME 资本收入CAPITAL TRANSACTION 资本类交易CARRIGAE INWARD CARRING OUTWARDS CARRYING AMOUNT 账面价值CASH BOOK 银行日记账COMPARABILITY 可比较性COMPENSATING ERRORS 抵消性错误CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING 财务报告的概念框架CONSISTENCY 一致性CORRECTION OF ERROR 纠正错误COST 成本CREDIT 贷方CREDIT NOTE 贷记单CREDITOR 应付账款CURRENT ASSET 流动资产CURRENT LIABILITY 流动负债泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c nCARRIGAE INWARD 运入货物时的费用CARRING OUTWARDS 运出货物时的费用CONTINGENT ASSET 或有资产CONTINGENT LIABILITY 或有负债CONTINUOUS INVENTORY RECORDS 永续存货记录Continuous/perpetual approach 永续盘点法COST 成本COST OF CONVERSION 转换成本CASH DISCOUNT 现金折扣CASH DISCOUNT ALLOWED 给到客户的现金折扣CASH DISCOUNT RECEIVED 采购货物收到的现金折扣CONTRA ENTRY 对销抵消分录Called-up capital 催缴股本CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT 合并财务报表CONTROL 控制CURRENT RATIO 流动比率D DEBIT NOTE 借记单DEPRECIATION 折旧DEPRECIABLE AMOUNT 可折旧金额REDUCING BALANCE METHOD 递减折旧法STRAIGHT LINE METHOD 直线折旧法DEVELOPMENT 开发DIVIDEND 分红DOUBLE ENTRY BOOKKEEPING 复式记账DRAWING 支取DUTY OF CARE 应尽的注意义务Distribution cost 分销配送成本DOUBTFUL DEBT 可疑呆账DIRECT DEBIT 直接汇款DISHONORED CHEQUE 拒绝兑现支票DEBT RATIO 资产负债率E EQUITY 权益ERRORS 错误ERROR OF COMMISSION 记错账户或者加错总数ERROR OF OMISSION 漏记错误ERROR OF PRINCIPLE 原则性错误ERROR OF TRANSPOSITION 调换错误EXPENSE 费用EXPECTED VALUE APPROACH 预期值计算方法ERROR OF COMMISSION 记错账户或者加错总数泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c nERROR OF OMISSION 漏记错误ERROR OF PRINCIPLE 原则性错误ERROR OF TRANSPOSITION 调换错误EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD 财务报表日后事项FFAIR PRESENTATION 公允列报FAIR VALUE 公允价值FAITHFUL REPRESENTATION 真实公允列报FIFO(first in first out)先进先出FINANCIAL ACCOUNT 财务会计FRAMEWORK FOR THE PREPARATION AND PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT 财务报表准备以及列报框架FINISHED GOODS 成品G GAINS 收益GENERAL LEDGER 总账GOING CONCERN 可持续经营GOODS RECEIVED NOTES 收货单GOVERNANCE 监管GOODS WRITTEN OFF 货物注销GOODS WRITTEN DOWN 货物贬值减值GOODWILL 商誉General allowance 应收估计收不回来的账款GOODWILL 商誉GEARING RATIO 杠杆比率H HELD FOR SALE 待售HISTORICAL COST METHOD 历史成本法IMCOMPLETE RECORDS 不完整记录INVENTORY DESTROYED 被毁坏的存货IRRECOVERABLE DEBT 坏账IINTANGIBLE ASSET 无形资产IFRS ADVISORY COUNCIL 国际财务报告准则咨询委员会IFRS 国际财务报告准则泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c nIFRS FOUNDATION 国际财务报告准则基金会IFRS INTERPRETATION COMMITTEE 国际财务报告准则解释委员会INCOME 收入IMPAIRMENT OF DEVELOPMENT COSTS 开发费用的减损INOCME TAX 收入税INPUT SALES TAX 增值税进项IASB 国际会计准则理事会INVOICE 发票INVENTORY 存货COST OF CONVERSION 转换成本COST OF PURCHASE 采购成本INVENTORY 存货COST OF CONVERSION 转换成本COST OF PURCHASE 采购成本INVENTORY TURNOVER PERIOD 存货周转天数J JOURNAL 日记账L LEDGER ACCOUNT 分类账LIABILITY 负债LIFO(LAST IN FIRST OUT)后进后出LIMITED LIABILITY 有限责任LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES 有限责任公司LIFO(LAST IN FIRST OUT)后进后出LIQUIDITY LONG TERM SOLVENCY 长期周转率M MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING 管理会计MATERIALITY 重要性原则MARGIN 利润盈余MARK UP 成本加成MONETARY VALUE 货币价值NNOMINAL LEDGER 总账NON-CURRENT ASSET 固定资产DISPOSAL 处置NET REALISABLE VALUE 可变现净值NON-ADJUSTING EVENT 非调节事项NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST 泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c nOOMISSION OF A TRANSACTION 一笔交易完全遗漏OUTPUT SALES TAX 增值税销项OVERHEAD 间接费用OVERHEAD 间接费用OPERATING CYCLE 运营周期ORDINARY SHARE 普通股PPARTNERSHIP 合伙人制度PAYABLE 应付PAYABLE LEDGER 应付账户PETTY CASH BOOK 备用金日记账PREPAYMENT 预付PROFIT 利润PROFIT OR LOSS ACCOUNT 损益表PROPERTY ,PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 地产，所有权，厂房以及设备PURCHASE DAY BOOK 采购日记账PURCHASE ORDER 采购订单PURCHASE RETURN DAY BOOK 采购退回日记账PRODUCTION OVERHEAD 间接生产成本PERIOD COST 期间费用PROVISION 预计负债PRESENT OBLIGATION 现时义务PAYABLE CONTROL ACCOUNT 应付控制账户PERFORMANCE OBLIGATION 履行义务的债务PREFERENCE SHARE 优先股Paid-up capital 已付股本PATENT 母公司Q QUICK RATIO 速动比率RRECEIVABLE 应收RECEIVABLE LEDGER 应收账户RECOGNITION OF PROPERTY ,PLANT AND EQUIPMENT 地产，所有权，厂房以及设备的确认RELEVANCE 相关性RESEARCH 研究RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 研究以及开发RESIDUAL VALUE 剩余价值泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c nREVALUTION OF NON-CURRENT ASSET 固定资产的重估REVALUATION SURPLUS 重估盈余REVENUE 主营业务收入REVENUE EXPENDITURE 营业性费用REVENUE INCOME 营业性收入RAW MATERIAL 原材料REDUCING BALANCE METHOD 加速折旧法（纠正）RETAIL METHOD 零售价格法REIMBURSEMENT 报销RECEIVABLE CONTROL ACCOUNT 应收账款控制账户RECONCILING ITEM 可调节项目RIGHT ISSUE 权利股Redeemable preference shares 可赎回优先股RECEIVABLE COLLECTION PERIOD 应收账款回收天数RETURN ON CAPITAL EMPLOYED 已动用资本回报率RETURN ON EQUITY 净资产收益率S SALES DAY BOOK 销售日记账SALES ORDER 销售订单SALES RETURN DAY BOOK 销售退回日记账SALES TAX 销售税SETTLEMENT DISCOUNT 结算折扣SHAREHOLDERS 股东SOLE TRADERS 独营者STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 所有者权益变动表STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 资产负债表STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS 损益表SUBSTANCE OVER FORM 实质重于形式SELLING COST 营业成本STANDARD COST 标准成本Specific allowance 针对特殊客户做的减值准备SUSPENSE ACCOUNT 暂记账户SETTLEMENT DISCOUNT 支付折扣SHARE PREMIUM 股票溢价STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 所有者权益变动表SIGNIFICANT INFLUENCE 重大影响SUBSIDIARY 子公司TT-ACCOUNT T 账户TAXATION 税务TIMELINESS 及时性TRADE ACCOUNT RECEIVABLE 应收账款泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c nTRADE DISCOUNT 商业折扣TRANSPOSITION ERROR 调换错误TRIAL BALANCE 试算平衡表UUNDERSTANDABILITY 可理解型UNLIMITED LIABILITY 无限责任USEFUL LIFE 有限使用寿命USERS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION 会计信息的使用者UNPRESENTED CHEQUES 未兑现支票UNCLEARED LODGEMENT 公司已收银行未收VVAT 增值税VERIFIABILITY 可验证性W WORK IN PROGRESS 半成品WEIGHTED AVERAGE COST 加权平均成本法泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n 泽稷网校 w w w .z e j i c e r t .c n。

Prioritize vt. 按优先次序列出, 优先考虑profile n.侧面；人物简介；轮廓，曲线vt.为…描绘pet n.宠物vt.抚摸,轻抚a.宠爱的a pet project of senior management 有公司高管偏好在里面的项目perk vi.昂首,振作,举止高傲,神气活现vt.竖起,打扮,使振作,滤煮n.小费，津贴;额外补贴ad hoc adj. 特别地; 专门地; 格外地仅为某一目的（而做或安排）（的）; 特别（的）: 非事先计划（的）; 非正式（的）:Yield SpreadThe difference between yields on differing debt instruments, calculated by deductingthe yield of one instrument from another. The higher the yield spread, the greater the difference between the yields offered by each instrument. The spread can be measured between debt instruments of differing maturities, credit ratings and risk. Investopedia Says:Looking at the yield spread, often with historical spreads, can give investors ideas for potential investment opportunities.For example, if the five-year Treasury bond is at 5% and the 30-year Treasury bond is at 6%, the yield spread between the two debt instruments is 1% (6% - 5%). If the yield spread has historically been closer to 5%, the investor is much more likely to invest in the five-year bond compared to the 30-year bond (as it should be trading around 1% instead of 6%).In other words, if the 30-year bond is trading at 6%, then based on the historical yield spread, the five-year should be trading at around 1%, making it very attractive at its current yield of 5%.收益利差：不同品质证券的收益率之间的差额。

Accelerated Depreciation 加快折旧任何基于会计或税务原因促使一项资产在较早期以较大金额折旧的折旧原则Accident and Health Benefits意外与健康福利为员工提供有关疾病、意外受伤或意外死亡的福利。

这些福利包括支付医院及医疗开支以及有关时期的收入。

Accounts Receivable (AR)应收账款客户应付的金额。

拥有应收账款指公司已经出售产品或服务但仍未收取款项Accretive Acquisition 具增值作用的收购项目能提高进行收购公司每股盈利的收购项目一项严谨的测试，用以衡量一家公司是否拥有足够的短期资产，在无需出售库存的情况下解决其短期负债。

计算方法：(现金 + 应收账款 +短期投资)⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯流动负债Act of God Bond 天灾债券保险公司发行的债券，旨在将债券的本金及利息与天然灾害造成的公司损失联系起来Active Bond Crowd 活跃债券投资者在纽约股票交易所内买卖活跃的定息证券Active Income 活动收入来自提供服务所得的收入，包括工资、薪酬、奖金、佣金，以及来自实际参与业务的收入Active Investing 积极投资包含持续买卖行为的投资策略。

主动投资者买入投资，并密切注意其走势，以期把握盈利机会Active Management 积极管理寻求投资回报高于既定基准的投资策略Activity Based Budgeting 以活动为基础的预算案一种制定预算的方法，过程为列举机构内每个部门所有牵涉成本的活动，并确立各种活动之间的关系，然后根据此资料决定对各项活动投入的资源Activity Based Management 以活动为基础的管理利用以活动为基础的成本计算制度改善一家公司的运营Activity Ratio 活动比率一项用以衡量一家公司将其资产负债表内账项转为现金或营业额的能力的会计比率Actual Return 实际回报一名投资者的实际收益或损失，可用以下公式表示：预期回报加上公司特殊消息及总体经济消息Actuary 精算保险公司的专业人员，负责评估申请人及其医疗纪录，以预测申请人的寿命Acquisition收购一家公司收购另一家公司的多数股权Acquisition Premium 收购溢价收购一家公司的实际成本与该公司收购前估值之间的差额Affiliated Companies 联营公司一家公司拥有另一家公司少数权益（低于50%）的情况，或指两家公司之间存在某些关联Affiliated Person 关联人士能影响一家企业活动的人士，包括董事、行政人员及股东等After Hours Trading 收盘后交易主要大型交易所正常交易时间以外进行的买卖交易After Tax Operating Income - ATOI税后营运收入一家公司除税后的总营运收入。

cfa金融英语词汇 20241.风险管理(risk management)Risk management refers to the process of identifying, assessing, and controlling risks within an organization to minimize potential losses.风险管理是指在一个组织内识别、评估和控制风险的过程，以最小化可能的损失。

2.投资组合(investment portfolio)An investment portfolio is a collection of assets such as stocks, bonds, and real estate held by an individual orentity to achieve their investment goals.投资组合是个人或实体持有的股票、债券和房地产等资产的集合，以实现他们的投资目标。

3.资产负债表(balance sheet)A balance sheet is a financial statement that shows the assets, liabilities, and equity of a company at a specific point in time.资产负债表是一份财务报表，显示了公司在特定时间点的资产、负债和所有者权益。

4.流动性(liquidity)Liquidity refers to the ease with which an asset or security can be bought or sold in the market without affecting its price.流动性指的是资产或证券在市场上可以买卖而不影响其价格的便利程度。

5.资本结构(capital structure)Capital structure refers to the way a company finances its overall operations and growth through a combination of equity and debt.资本结构是指公司通过股权和债务的组合方式为其整体运营和增长提供资金的方式。

Ethics1. a violation report 违反考试规定的报告2.analysis of scores and exam materials 对考试分数和考试材料的分析3.no discipline sanction 无纪律处分4.issue a cautionary letter 警告信5.disciplinary sanction 纪律处分6.public censure 公开谴责7.suspension of Membership and the use of the CFA Disignation 暂停会员资格或使用CFA称号资格8.revocation of the CFA Charter 收回CFA证书9.suspension from further participation in the CFA Program 暂停参加CFA考试资格10.appeal 申诉11.hearing panel 陪审团12.professionalism13.knowledge of the law14.independence and objectivity15.misrepresentation16.misconduct17.integrity of capital markets18.material nonpublic information19.market manipulation20.duties to clients21.loyalty, prudence and care22.fair dealing23.suitability24.performance presentation 业绩陈述25.preservation of confidentiality26.duties to employers27.loyalty28.additional compensation arrangement29.responsibilities of supervisors30.investment analysis, recommendations, and actions31.diligence and reasonable basismunication with clients and prospective clients33.record retention34.conflicts of interests35.disclosure of conflicts36.priority of transactions37.referral fees38.responsibilities as a CFA Institute Member of CFA Candidate39.Conduct as Participants in CFA Institute Programs40.Reference to CFA Institute, Designation, and Program41.dissociate 回避pliance department 合规部门43.performance attribution 业绩归因44.investment ranking relationships 投行业务关系45.firewall46.restrict list47.flat fee 固定费用48.plagiarism 剽窃49.Mosaic Theory 马赛克理论50.best trade execution51.best transaction costs52.soft dollar 软美元53.proxy voting 代理投票54.benefits-costs Analysis 成本收益分析55.professional conduct program ，PCP 职业行为项目56.the Disciplinary Review Committee ,DRC 纪律审查委员会57.self disclosure 自我披露58.Professional Conduct Statement, PCS 职业行为报告59.written complaints 书面投诉60.code of ethics 伦理规范61.standards of conduct 行为准则62.stakeholders 利益相关者63.situational influence 情景影响64.bystander effect 旁观者效应65.evidence of questionable conduct 可疑行为的迹象66.exception to gifts67.omissions隐瞒rmation-based 基于市场信息的操纵69.short selling 卖空70.block trading 大宗交易71.arbitrage 套利72.fiduciary duties 信托责任73.beneficiaries 受益人74.oversubscribe 超额认购75.Investment Policy Statement IPS 客户信息76.Mandate 委托77.Addressing unsolicited trading requests 客户提出不当投资要求的时候78.Independent Practice 兼职79.Written Consent书面同意80.Leaving an employer 离职81.Non-compete Agreement 禁止竞业协议82.Whistle-blowing告密与揭发83.Supervision includes detection 主动监察的监管84.Promotion 晋升85.Delegating supervisory duties 授权行使监管职责86.Secondary research 二手研究报告87.Third-party research 第三方研究报告ing quantitatively oriented research89.Selecting external advisors and sub-advisors90.Group research and decision making91.Dissociation 隔离92.Available upon request93.Distinction between facts and opinions in report94.Records are property of the film95.Local requirements96.New media records97.Cross-departmental conflicts 跨部门的利益冲突98.Conflicts with shock ownership and director99.Avoiding potential conflicts100.Co-investment101.Representative accounts 代表性帐户102.Survivorship bias 幸存者偏差103.Varying time periods 时期变化parable 可比性105.Avoid misrepresentation 避免业绩存在误导性106.Voluntaryposite 综合指数108.Fee-paying 付费109.Discretionary自行决策权110.Portfolio资产组合111.Verification 验证112.Self-regulating 自律113.Independent third party114.Distinct business entity 独立决策主体115.Performance of sub-advisors 外聘基金经理的业绩plaint presentation 遵守陈述117.Since inception 成立至今118.Fundamentals of compliance 遵守的基本要求119.Input data 输入数据120.Calculation methodology 计算方法posite construction 综合指数的构建122.Disclosures 披露123.Presentation and reporting 业绩呈现与报告124.Real estate 不动产125.Private equity 私募股权基金126.Wrap-fee打包管理费127.Separately managed account portfolios 单独管理账户128.Cash flow additive principle 现金流的可加性原理129.Required rate of return130.Discounted rate131.Opportunity cost132.Real risk-free interest rate133.Inflation premium134.Default risk premium135.Liquidity premium136.Maturity premium137.Simple interest 单利pounding interest 复利139.Stated annual interest rate/quoted interest rate 名义利率140.Periodic interest rate 计息期利率141.Effective annual rate 有效年利率142.Continuous compounding 连续复利143.Present value144.Future value145.Ordinary annuity 普通年金146.Annuity due 先付年金147.Perpetuity annuity 永续年金148.Unequal cash flow 不规则现金流149.Capital budgeting 资本预算 present value净现值151.Mutually exclusive project 两个互斥的项目152.Internal rate of return , IRR 内部回报率153.Mutually exclusive 互斥的154.Performance measurement 投资业绩的度量155.Performance appraisal 业绩评估156.Holding period return 持有期收益率157.Money-weighted rate of return, MWR158.Time-weighted rate of return, TWR159.HPY 持有期收益率160.Effective annual yield, EAY 有效年利率161.Bank discount yield , BDY银行贴现利率162.Pure discount instrument 纯贴现证券163.T-bill 短期零息国债164.Money market yield, MMY 货币市场收益率165.Bond equivalent yield, BEY 债券等价收益率166.Descriptive statistics 描述性统计学167.Inferential statistics 推断性统计学168.Populations 总体169.Samples 样本170.parameter参数171.Sample statistics 样本统计量172.Measurement scales 度量衡173.Nominal scale 名义尺度174.Ordinal scale 排序尺度175.Interval scale 区间尺度176.Ratio scale 比率尺度177.Frequency distribution 频率分布178.Absolute frequency distribution 绝对频数分布179.Relative frequency distribution相对频数分布180.Cumulative frequency distribution累积频率分布181.Mean 均值182.Arithmetic mean算术平均183.Geometric mean 几何平均184.Multi - period 不同时期185.Harmonic mean 调和平均数186.Weighted mean 加权平均187.Median中位数188.Mode众数189.Uni-modal单峰190.Bi-modal 双峰191.Tri-modal三峰192.Absolute dispersion 绝对离散程度193.Quantiles 分位数194.Quartiles 四分位数195.Quintiles 五分位数196.Deciles 十分位数197.Percentiles 百分位数198.Range 范围199.Mean Absolute Deviation,MAD 绝对离差200.Variance 方差201.Standard deviation 标准差202.Relative dispersion 相对离散程度203.Coefficient of variation, CV 变异系数204.Sharp ratio205.Chebyshev’s inequality 契比雪夫不等式206.Skewness 偏度207.Kurtosis 峰度208.Right skewed=positively skewed 正偏209.Left skewed=negatively skewed210.Leptokurtic 高峰211.Mesokurtic 平峰212.Platykurtic 低峰213.More peak and fat tail 尖峰肥尾214.Less peak and thin tail 矮峰瘦尾215.Excess kurtosis 超峰度216.Random variable 随机变量217.Outcomes 结果218.Event 随机事件219.Mutually exclusive events 互斥事件220.Exhaustive events 遍历事件221.Independent events 独立事件222.Empirical probability 经验概率223.Priori probability 先验概率224.Subjective probability主观概率225.Odds 赔率226.Odds for the event E 事件E发生的赔率227.Odds against the event E 事件E不发生的赔率228.Conditional probability条件概率229.Multiplication Rule 乘法法则230.Addition rule 加法法则231.Joint probability 联合概率=multiplication rule 乘法法则232.Total probability rule 全概率公式233.Bayes’ formula贝叶斯公式234.Prior probability 先验概率VS updated probability 后验概率235.Probability weighted expected value 期望236.Tree diagram树形图237.Covariance协方差238.Correlation 相关系数239.Perfect positive correlation完全正相关240.Perfect negative correlation完全负相关241.Counting计数242.permutation排列bination组合244.Multiplication rule of counting乘法计数法则245.Multinomial formula多项式公式beling problem 标签问题bination formula组合公式248.Permutation排列249.Discrete distribution离散分布250.Continuous distribution连续分布251.Countable 可数的252.Distribution function分布函数253.Probability distribution function,PDF概率密度函数254.Cumulative distribution function,CDF累积分布函数255.Discrete uniform distribution离散均匀分布256.Bernoulli distribution伯努利分布257.Binomial random variable 二项分布258.Continuous uniform distribution连续均匀分布259.Normal distribution正态分布260.Standard normal distribution标准正态分布(z分布)261.Shortfall risk超亏风险262.Roy’s safety-first ratio罗伊第一安全比例263.Lognormal distribution对数正态分布264.Student’s t-distribution 学生t分布，t分布265.Degrees of freedom,df自由度266.Multivariate distribution多元分布267.Univariate distribution一元分布268.Multivariate distribution多元分布269.Monte Carlo Simulation 蒙特卡洛模拟270.Simulation 模拟271.Historical Simulation历史法模拟=back simulation 272.population总体273.parameter参数274.Sample样本275.Sample statistic 样本统计量276.estimation估计277.Simple random sampling简单随机抽样278.Stratified random sampling分层抽样279.Sampling error 抽样误差280.Sampling distribution抽样分布281.Types of data数据类型282.Time-series data时间序列283.Cross-sectional data横截面数据284.Selection of sample size样本容量285.Data-mining bias数据挖掘偏误286.Sample selection bias样本选择偏误287.Surviorship bias幸存者偏差288.Look-ahead bias前视偏误289.Time-period bias时间段偏误290.Point estimate点估计291.unbiasedness无偏性292.Efficiency有效性293.consistency一致性294.Central limit theorem中心极限定理295.Confidence interval estimate区间估计296.Confidence interval置信区间297.Significance level显著性水平298.Hypothesis testing假设检验299.estimation参数估计300.Decision rule决策准则301.Null hypothesis原假设302.Alternative hypothesis备择假设303.Test statistic 检验统计量304.Significance level显著性水平305.Critical value关键值306.Rejection region拒绝域307.Two-tailed test双尾检验308.One-tailed test单尾检验309.P-value p值310.Type 1 error311.Type 2 error312.Power of test313.Statistical significance 统计显著314.Economic significance经济显著315.Paired comparison test成对检验316.Chi-square卡方317.Parametric tests参数检验318.Nonparametric tests 非参数检验319.Technical analysis 技术分析320.Rational理性的321.irrational非理性的322.Efficient market hypothesis,EMH有效市场假说323.Illiquid 流动性差324.Fundamental analysis 基本面分析325.Price momentum价格动量326.Market sentiment市场情绪327.Funds flow资金流动328.Line chart折线图329.Bar chart条形图330.Point and figure chart点数图331.Candlestick chart蜡烛图332.Close price收盘价333.Upward trend上升趋势334.Downward trend下跌趋势335.Sideways trend横盘整理336.No apparent trend趋势不明朗337.Support支撑位338.resistance阻力位339.Change in polarity相互转换340.Reversal patterns反转形态341.Head and shoulders头肩形342.Head and shoulders top头肩顶343.Left/right shoulder左/右肩344.Neckline 颈线345.Double tops双重顶形346.Double bottoms双重底形347.Triple tops三重顶形348.Triple bottoms三重底形349.Continuation patterns整理形态350.triangles三角形形态351.Ascending triangle pattern上升三角形352.Descending triangle pattern下降三角形353.Symmetrical triangle pattern对称三角形354.trendline趋势线355.Rectangle pattern矩形形态356.Bullish rectangle牛市矩形357.Bearish rectangle熊市矩形358.Flags 平行旗形359.pennants三角旗形360.Price-based indicators基于价格的指标361.Moving average移动平均362.Golden cross金叉363.Bollinger bands布林带364.Contrarian strategy 反向交易的策略365.Momentum oscillators动量摆动指标366.Divergence背离367.overbought超买368.oversold超卖369.Rate of change oscillator,RCO变动率指标370.Relative strength index，RSI相对强弱指标371.Stochastic oscillator (KD指标) 随机震荡指标372.Moving-average convergence/divergence 指数平滑异动移动平均选373.Convergence聚合374.Sentiment indicators情绪指标375.Opinion polls投资者调查376.Calculated statistical indices统计情绪指标377.Put/call ratio378.波动率VIX指标379.Margin debt 保证金负债率380.Short interest ratio 卖空比率381.Flow of fund indicators资金流向指标382.Arms index阿姆式指标=TRIN, short-term trading index383.Mutual fund cash position共同基金现金头寸384.New equity issuance新股发行385.Secondary offerings 二次发行386.Cycle analysis周期分析387.Kondratieff wave 康德拉季耶夫周期，54年388.Decennial pattern 十年周期389.Presidential cycle总统周期390.Elliott wave theory艾略特波浪理论391.Impluse wave推动浪392.Corrective wave调整浪393.Fibonacci sequence斐布拉茨数列394.Golden ratio黄金分割点395.Inter-market analysis市场间分析Economics396.Microeconomics397.Macroeconomicsw of demand399.Demand function400.Demand curve401.Slope402.Own-price elasticity of demand自身价格弹性403.Elastic404.Inelastic405.Unit elastic=unitary elastic406.Perfect elastic407.Perfect inelastic408.Availability of substitutes409.Closeness of substitutes相似性410.Necessary必需品411.optional可选商品（奢侈品）412.total expenditure 总支出413.Total revenue414.Cross-price elasticity of demand需求的交叉价格弹性415.substitutes替代品plements互补品417.Income elasticity of demand需求的收入弹性418.Normal goods正常品419.Inferior good低档品420.Substitution effect替代效应421.Income effect收入效应422.Giffen goods吉芬商品423.Veblen goods韦伯伦商品424.Production function生产函数425.inputs投入，生产要素426.output产量427.Total product总产量428.Average product平均产量429.Marginal product of labor边际产量430.Marginal return边际收益431.Diminishing marginal return边际收益递减规律432.Total revenue433.Average revenue434.Marginal revenue435.Economic cost=opportunity cost436.Accounting cost437.Explicit cost438.Implicit cost439.Accounting profit440.Economic profit441.Normal profit正常利润442.Fixed costs443.Variable costs444.Quasi fixed cost准固定成本445.Total cost446.Total fixed cost447.Total variable cost448.Average fixed cost449.Average variable cost450.Marginal cost451.Perfect competition452.Imperfect competition453.homogeneous同质化454.Price taker455.heterogeneous差异化456.Price maker457.Pricing power458.Break-even point盈亏平衡点459.Shut-down point停业点460.Stay in the market461.Profit maximization利润最大化462.Economics of scale规模经济463.Dis-economics of scale规模不经济464.Minimum efficient scales,MES成本最低有效规模465.Increasing returns to scale规模收益递增466.Decreasing returns to scale规模收益递减467.Perfect competition完全竞争市场468.Monopolistic competition垄断竞争市场469.Oligopoly寡头市场470.Kinked demand curve拐折需求曲线模型471.Cournot model古诺模型=Duopoly双寡头模型472.Nash equilibrium纳什均衡模型473.Non-cooperative474.Collusion串谋475.Stackelberg model斯塔科尔伯格模型（主导厂商）476.monopoly垄断477.Natural monopoly自然垄断478.Price discrimination价格歧视479.First-degree price discrimination480.Second-degree price discrimination481.Third-degree price discrimination482.N firms concentration ratio483.Herfindahl-Hirschman Index,HHI赫芬达尔-赫希曼指数484.Aggregate output总产出485.Aggregate income总收入486.Aggregate expenditure总支出487.Gross domestic production,GDP国内生产总值488.Intermediate good中间产品489.In-house activities家务490.Value of final output最终产值491.Sum of value added总附加值法492.Nominal GDP493.Real GDP494.GDP Deflator495.Consumption496.Investment497.Inventory Investmenternment spending export500.Exports501.Imports502.Physical capital实物资本503.Financial investment504.Saving505.Transfer payments转移支付506.National income507.Direct taxespensation of employees509.Corporate and government enterprise profits before tax 510.Unincorporated business net income/proprietor’s income 511.Interest income512.Rent513.Indirect business taxes less subsidies514.Capital consumption allowance资本消耗补偿515.Statistical discrepancy统计误差516.Personal income个人收入517.Personal disposable income,PDI个人受支配收入518.Personal income519.Personal taxes520.Aggregate demand521.Aggregate demand curve522.Business saving523.Consumption524.Domestic private sector saving525.Investment spending526.Financing government deficit,G-T527.Financial claims againt overseas economics,X-M528.Real income,Y529.Interest rate,r530.Quantity equation of exchange货币数量论531.Money neutrality货币中性532.Demand for money货币需求533.Transactions demand for money交易性需求534.Precautionary demand for money预防性需求535.Speculative demand for money投机性需求536.Perceived risk预期风险537.Liquidity preference流动性需求538.Money supply货币供给539.Aggregate demand curve总需求曲线540.Household wealth居民财富541.Wealth effect财富效应542.Consumer and business expectation消费者和企业的预期543.Capacity utilization产能利用率544.Fiscal policy政府的财政政策545.Monetary policy央行的货币政策546.Exchange rate汇率547.Growth in the global economy世界经济的增长548.Aggregate supply总供给549.Very short-run aggregate supply curve，VSRAS550.Short-run aggregate supply curve,SRAS551.Long-run aggregate supply curve,LRAS552.Potential GDP潜在GDP553.Full employment充分就业554.Natural rate of unemployment自然失业率555.Full employment GDP充分就业GDP556.Natural level of output自然产出水平557.Nominal wages名义工资558.Input price投入品价格559.Business taxes and subsidies企业税收和补贴560.Price expectations价格预期561.Exchange rate汇率562.Supply of natural resources自然资源的供给563.Supply of physical capital实物资本的供给564.Supply of labor劳动力的供给565.Supply of human capital人力资本的供给bor productivity and technology劳动生产力和科技567.Long-run equilibrium长期均衡568.Recessionary gap衰退差569.Cyclical companies周期性公司570.Defensive companies防御性公司571.Inflationary gap通胀差572.Stagflation滞胀573.Sustainable rate of economic growth经济的可持续增长率bor supply劳动力供给575.Human capital人力资本576.Physical capital实物资本577.Technology技术578.Natural resources自然资源579.Production function生产函数580.Neoclassical 新古典=solow 索洛模型581.Total factor productivity,TFP全要素生产率bor productivity劳动生产率583.Business cycles经济周期584.Recurrent反复出现的585.Periodic定时的586.Intensity强度587.Duration持续时间588.Trough谷底589.Expansion扩张590.Peak顶峰591.Contraction收缩592.Economic activity经济活动593.Employment就业594.Consumer and business spending消费者和企业支出595.Neoclassical school第一代新古典主义学派596.Keynesian school凯恩斯学派597.Downward sticky wages向下黏性598.New Keynesian school新凯恩斯学派599.Monetarist school货币主义学派600.Austrain school奥地利学派601.New classical school第二代新古典主义学派602.Unemployment失业603.Employed就业人口604.Unemployed失业人口bor force劳动力606.Underemployed未充分就业607.Discouraged worker608.Voluntarily unemployed609.Participation ratio劳动参与率610.Activity ratio活动率611.Unemployment rate失业率gging economic indicator滞后的经济指标613.Frictional unemployment摩擦性失业614.Structural unemployment结构性失业615.Cyclical unemployment周期性失业616.Inflation617.Inflation rate618.Hyperinflation恶性通货膨胀619.Stagflation620.Deflation通货紧缩621.Disinflation通货收缩、反通货膨胀622.Price index价格指数speyres index拉斯拜尔指数624.Paasche index派许指数625.Fisher index费雪指数626.Substitute bias替代品偏差627.Quality bias质量偏差628.New product bias新产品偏差629.Consumer price index,CPI消费者物价指数630.Producer price index,PPI生产者物价指数631.Headline inflation整体通货膨胀率632.Core inflation核心通货膨胀率633.Cost-push inflation成本推动型634.Demand-pull inflation需求拉动型635.Leading economic indicators636.Average weekly hours, manufacturing637.Average weekly initial claims for unemployment insurance638.Manufactures’ new orders for consumer goods and materials639.ISM new order index640.Manufactures’ new orders for non-defense goods excluding aircraft641.Building permits for new private housing units642.S&P 500 index643.Leading credit index644.Interest rate spread between 10-year treasury yields and overnight borrowing rates 645.Average consumer expectations for business and economic conditions646.Coincident economic indicators647.Employees on Non-agricultural payrolls648.Aggregate real personal income less transfer payments649.Industrial production index650.Manufacturing and trade salesgging economic indicators652.Average duration of unemployment653.Inventory-sales ratio654.Change in unit labor costs655.Average bank prime lending ratemercial and industrial loans outstanding657.Ratio of consumer installment debt to income658.Change in consumer price index for services659.Monetary policy660.Fiscal policy661.Budget surplus662.Budget deficit663.Functions of money664.Medium of exchange665.Store of wealth666.Measure of value667.Narrow money668.Notes and coins669.Travelers’ cheque670.Demand deposit671.Broad money672.Saving deposits673.Money market deposits674.Time deposits675.Retail money market676.Mutual fund677.Money creation process678.Reserve requirement679.Money multiplier680.Fisher effect681.Money neutrality682.Expected inflation683.Risk premium684.The monopoly supplier of the currency685.The conductor of monetary policy686.The bank to the government687.The bankers’ bank688.The lender of last resort689.The regulator and supervisor of the the payment system 690.The supervisor of banking system691.Price stability692.Expected inflation693.Unexpected/unanticipated inflation694.Cost of expected inflation695.Menu cost696.Shoe-leather cost697.Cost of unexpected inflation698.Independence699.Operational independence700.Target independence701.Credibility702.Transparency703.Monetary policy tools704.Open market operations705.Policy rate706.Official interest rate707.Official policy rate708.Discount rate709.Reverse repurchase agreement710.Repo rate711.Repurchase agreement712.Monetary transmission mechanism713.Interest rate targeting714.Inflation targeting715.Exchange rate targeting716.Expansionary/easy monetary policy717.Contractionary/tight monetary policy718.Neutral interest rate719.Real trend rate of growth of the underlying economy 720.Long-run expected inflation721.Bond market vigilantes债市义勇军722.Liquidity trap流动性陷阱723.Quantitative easing量化宽松724.Fiscal policy tools财政政策工具ernment spending726.Transfer payment727.Current government spending728.Capital expenditure729.defense国防730.infrastructure基础设施ernment revenue政府收入732.Direct taxes733.Capital gains taxes734.National insurance taxes735.Corporate taxes736.Indirect taxes737.Duties on tobacco烟草税738.Sales taxes营业税739.Value-added taxes增值税740.Discretionary fiscal policy相机抉择的财政政策741.Automatic stabilizers自动稳定器742.Structural budget deficit结构性预算赤字743.Cyclically adjusted budget deficit周期调整预算赤字744.Ricardian equivalence李嘉图均衡745.Crowding out effect挤出效应746.Arguments against being concerned about national debt反对高负债747.Arguments for being concerned about national debt需要关注高负债748.Recognition lag749.Action lag750.Impact lag751.Open/closed economy752.Autarkic economy自给自足的经济753.Free trade自由贸易754.Trade protection贸易保护755.Terms of trade贸易比价756.Gross domestic product，GDP国内生产总值757.Gross national product,GNP国民生产总值758.Absolute advantage绝对优势parative advantage比较优势760.Ricardian model李嘉图模型bor762.Technologybor productivity764.Heckscher-ohlin model赫克歇耳-俄林模型765.Capitalbor abundant countries767.Capital abundant countries资本密集型768.Established industry已建立的行业769.Infant industry新兴产业770.retaliation报复771.Tariffs关税772.Quotas配额773.Export subsidies出口补贴774.Voluntary export restraint自愿出口限制775.Quota rents配额租金776.National welfare777.Tariff revenue778.Free trade areas自由贸易区779.Customs union关税联盟mon market共同市场781.Economic union经济联盟782.Monetary union货币联盟783.Balance of payment,BOP国际收支784.Current account经常账户785.Merchandise trade货物贸易modities商品787.Manufactured goods制造品788.services服务789.tourism旅游业790.transportation运输791.engineering工程792.Business services其他商业服务793.Legal services法律服务794.Management consulting管理咨询795.Accounting会计796.Fees from patents and copyrights专利与版权费797.Income receipt投资收入798.Dividend股息799.Interest payment利息支付800.Income on foreign investment外国的投资收入801.Unilateral transfers单边转移802.Worker remittances工人在国外向国内转账803.Aids外国物质支援804.gifts礼物805.Capital account806.Capital transfer资本转移807.Sales and purchase of non-produced,non-financial assets非生产、非金融资产的买卖808.trademarks商标809.franchise经销权810.lease租赁权811.Financial account金融账户812.Financial assets abroad本国持有的外国资产813.Official reserve assets官方储备资产ernment assets政府资产815.Private assets私人资产816.Foreign-owned assets in the reporting country外国持有的本国资产817.International monetary fund，IMF国际货币基金组织818.World bank group世界银行819.World trade organization世界贸易组织820.Foreign Exchange，FX Market外汇市场821.Hedging套期保值822.speculation投机823.Sell side卖方rge multinational banks大型跨国银行825.Corporate account公司账户826.Investment accounts投资账户827.Retail accounts散户账户ernment政府829.Sovereign wealth funds,SWFs国家主权基金830.Central bank中央银行831.Base currency基础货币832.Price currency计价货币833.Direct quotation直接报价834.Indirect quotation间接报价835.Nominal exchange rate名义汇率836.Real exchange rate实际汇率837.Appreciation838.Depreciation839.Triangular arbitrage三角套利840.Riskless arbitrage无风险套利841.Cross rate交叉汇率842.Spot exchange rate即期汇率843.Forward exchange rate远期汇率844.Basis points基点845.Forward premium远期升水846.Forward discount远期贴水847.Basis points基点法848.Percentage points百分比基差法849.Interest rate parity利率平价理论850.London interbank offered rate,LIBOR伦敦同业拆借利率851.Currency regimes汇率制度852.Dollarization 美元化853.Currency board arrangement货币局制度854.Conventional fixed peg arrangement传统固定钉住制度855.Target zone水平区间钉住制度856.Crawling pegs爬行钉住制度857.Active crawling pegs主动爬行钉住858.Passive crawling pegs被动爬行钉住859.Fixed parity with crawling bands爬行区间固定平价制度860.Managed float管理浮动制度861.Independently floating rate独立浮动制度862.Exchange rate and the trade balance汇率和贸易平衡863.Elasticities approach弹性法864.Marshal-lerner condition马歇尔-勒纳条件865.J-curve J 曲线866.Absorption approach吸收法867.Balance of trade, BT贸易余额Equity868.Equilibrium interest rate869.Spot marketrmation-motived trader信息驱动交易者871.Pooled investment vehicles872.Maturity873.Fixed income874.Bills875.Notes876.Bonds877.Certificate of depositmercial paper879.Repurchase agreement880.Overnight repurchasemon share882.Preferred stock883.Warrant884.Exercise price约定价格885.Open-ended fund886.Closed-ended fund887.Asset-backed securities资产支持证券888.Hedge fund889.Broker890.Block broker891.Investment bank892.Exchange893.Alternative trading system，ATS 894.=Electronic communication networks 895.=Multi-lateral trading facilities 896.Dealer897.Bid-ask spread898.Broker-dealer899.securitizers证券化商900.Special purpose vehicle,SPV901.Depository institutions储蓄机构902.Insurance company903.The owner保单所有人904.policy保险合同905.insured被保方906.beneficiary受益人907.Reinsurance908.Arbitrageurs 套利商909.settlement结算910.Custodian services托管服务911.Clearinghouse清算所912.custodian托管行913.position头寸914.Long position多头头寸915.Short position空头头寸916.Long call买入看涨期权917.Long put买入看跌期权918.Short/put/write put卖出919.Short selling证券做空、融券920.Payments-in-lieu代替付款921.proceeds收入922.rebate返利923.Leveraged position杠杆头寸924.Borrowed fund借入资金925.Buy on margin保证金交易、垫头交易、融资926.Margin loan保证金贷款927.Call money rate借款利率928.Buyer’s equity自由资金929.Initial margin requirement初始保证金要求930.Financial leverage财务杠杆931.Maintenance margin维持保证金932.Margin call追加保证金电话933.order报价单934.Bid price买入价935.Ask price/offer price卖出价936.Best ask最佳卖价937.Best bid最佳买价938.Market bid-ask spread市场价差939.Execution instruction执行指令940.Market order市价指令941.Limit order限价指令942.Limit buy买入限价943.Limit sell卖出限价944.Marketable limit orders可交易限价单945.Standing limit order等待成交的限价买单和卖单946.Best bid/ask947.Inside the market948.Make the market949.Make a new market950.Far from the market951.Take the market952.All-or nothing orders953.Hidden order954.Icebreg order955.Display size956.Validity instruction时效指令957.Day order当日有效指令958.Good-till-cancel order一直有效指令959.Immediate or cancel/fill-or kill order即时或取消指令960.Good-on-close/market-on-close order收盘有效指令。

Average Price Call平均价格买入期权权一种期权，其收益为零或相等于资产平均价格高于行使价格的金额Average Price Put平均价格出售期权一种期权，其收益为零或相等于行使价格高于资产平均价格的金额Average Up提高平均价格以比原先买入价格高的价格买入更多股票，从而提高所有股票的平均价格Back Door Listing后门上市/借壳上市未能符合股票交易所上市要求的企业采用的一种上市策略，公司通过收购一家已经上市的公司而达到上市的目的Backlog订单积压等候完成的出售指示Back Office后线金融服务公司的行政及支援人员，主要职能包括交易结算、清理、记录、合规监察、会计等Back Pricing往后定价某些期货合约采用的方法，期货商品的价格由买方在签署合约后特定日期决定Back-to-Back Loan背对背贷款两家位于不同国家的公司向对方借贷相同金额的对方国家货币贷款，目的在于对冲货币波动的风险Backstop最后担保为一项证券发行提供最终的保证或担保Bad Debt不良贷款不能回收的债务，因此对债权人没有价值Balanced Fund平衡基金将资产投资于货币市场、债券、优先股及普通股的共同基金，目的在于同时实现增长及收益Balanced InvestmentStrategy平衡投资策略旨在平衡风险及回报的投资组合分配及管理方法Balance Of Payments (BOP)国际收支差额一个国家在特定期间进行的所有交易的纪录，可用作比较一个国家与其他国家的经济活动量Balance Of Trade (BOT)国际贸易差额一个国家收支差额的最大组成项目。

指出口及进口的差额。

减项包括进口、外国援助、国民在国外的开支及国民在国外的投资。

加项包括出口、外国国民在国内的开支以及外国国民在国内的投资Balance Sheet资产负债表一家企业的财务报表，报告公司在一个特定时间的资产、负债及净值Balloon Option气球型期权名义付款额在达到若干标准后提高的期权1. 在一次债券发行中，在某一时间（一般于最终到期日）有大量债券到期的还款安排2. 贷款最后一次的偿还金额远高于之前偿还金额Bancassurance银行出售保险法文词汇，指通过银行既有的分销渠道销售保险Bank Guarantee银行担保放贷机构发出的担保，证明债务人的负债可获偿还。

cfa考试词汇CFA考试（Chartered Financial Analyst Exam）是由美国CFA协会组织的国际性金融投资专业认证考试，分为三个级别，分别为CFA Level I, CFA Level II和CFA Level III。

以下是一些与CFA考试相关的词汇：1. 资产负债表（Balance Sheet）- 一份记录公司在特定日期上的资产、负债和所有者权益的财务报表。

2. 利润表（Income Statement）- 描述一个公司在一定时间内的收入和支出的财务报表。

3. 现金流量表（Cash Flow Statement）- 描述一个公司在一定时间内的现金流入和现金流出的财务报表。

4. 投资组合（Portfolio）- 拥有多种不同资产类别的集合，用于分散风险和实现投资收益。

5. 风险管理（Risk Management）- 通过识别、评估和控制潜在风险来保护投资组合的过程。

6. 金融衍生品（Financial Derivative）- 根据其他金融资产（如股票、债券等）的价格波动而衍生出来的金融产品。

7. 资本资产定价模型（Capital Asset Pricing Model, CAPM）-用于计算资产预期收益率的理论模型。

8. 现金流折现（Discounted Cash Flow, DCF）- 用于计算未来现金流的现值的方法。

9. 期权（Options）- 购买或出售资产的权利，但不是责任。

10. 定投（Dollar-Cost Averaging）- 在不同价格点上定期购买相同金额的股票或基金份额，以降低投资风险。

11. 衍生品市场（Derivatives Market）- 交易金融衍生品的场所，可以进行期货、期权等交易。

12. 投资策略（Investment Strategy）- 根据投资者的风险承受能力和投资目标，选择合适的投资方式和组合的计划。

13. 定量分析（Quantitative Analysis）- 基于统计和数学模型的分析方法，用于预测和评估投资的潜在风险和回报。

掌握CFA核心词汇是通过考试的关键，下面就整理了一些CFA核心词汇的中英文对照表。

天灾债券 Act of God Bond活跃债券投资者 Active Bond Crowd活动收入 Active Income积极投资 Active Investing积极管理 Active Management以活动为基础的预算案 Activity Based Budgeting以活动为基础的管理 Activity Based Management活动比率 Activity Ratio实际回报 Actual Return精算 Actuary收购 Acquisition收购溢价 Acquisition Premium联营公司 Affiliated Companies关联人士 Affiliated Person收盘后交易 After Hours Trading税后营运收入 After Tax Operating Income - ATOI税后利润率 After Tax Profit Margin收盘铃后 After The Bell代理人 Agent幅度指标 absolute breadth index累积/派发线 accumulation/distribution line累积摆动指标 accumulation swing index上涨/下跌线 advance/decline line上涨/下跌比率 advance/decline ratio上涨-下跌值 advancing-declining issues价格上涨、价格下跌和价格不变的证券成交量 advancing，declining，unchanged volume 安德鲁斯干草叉 andrews s pitchfork阿木思指标 arms index trin阿隆指标 aroon平均真实区域 average true range布林带 bollinger bands宽度突破 breadth thrust牛/熊比率 bull/bear ratio日本烛形图又称蜡烛图 candlesticks，japanese肯思里姆 canslim蔡金货币流量 chaikin money flow蔡金摆动指标 chaikin oscillator钱德动量摆动指标 chande momentum oscillator商品通道指标 commodity channel index商品选择指标 commodity selection index相关分析 correlation analysis累积成交量指标 cumulative volume index周期 cycles需求指标 demand index非趋势价格摆动指标 detrended price oscillator动向指标 directional movement 双指数移动平均线 double exponential moving average道氏理论 dow theory动态动量指标 dynamic momentum index轻松移动指标 ease of movement有效市场理论 efficient market theory爱略特波浪理论 elliott wave theory轨道交易带 envelopes trading bands等成交量 equivolume斐波纳契研究 fibonacci studies预测摆动指标 forecast oscillator百分之四模型 four percent model傅立叶转换 fourier transform基本分析 fundamental analysis江恩角 gann angles哈里克获利指标 herrick payoff index惯性指标 inertia利率 interest rates日内动量指标 intraday momentum index卡吉图 kagi克林格成交量摆动指标 klinger oscillator大宗交易比率 large block ratio线性回归指标 linear regression indicator线性回归斜率指标 linear regression slope线性回归趋势线 linear regression trendlines市场便利指标 market facilitation index质量指标 mass index迈克勒兰摆动指标 mcclellan oscillator迈克勒兰和指标 mcclellan summation index中间价格指标 median price会员空头比率指标 member short ratio山形正弦波指标 mesa sine wave动量指标 momentum货币流量指标 money flow index平滑异同平均指标 moving average convergence/divergence移动平均指标 moving averages。

A absolute yield spread 绝对收益率价差accelerated depreciation method 加速折旧法account form 账户式accounting equation 会计等式accrual （basis）accounting 权责发生制accrued Interest（AI）应计利息accrued liabilities 应计负债addition rule 加法规则adverse opinion 反面意见agency security 政府机构证券Aggregate Demand (AD) 总需求Aggregate Supply（AS）总供给amortization ①分期偿还②分期摊销anomalies 异常现象anticipatory hedge 预期套期保值antidilutive EPS 反稀释每股收益arbitrage 套利Asset—Backed Security （ABS）资产支持证券automatic stabilizers 自动稳定器Available—For-Sale（AFS）securities 待售证券average cost method 平均成本法average fixed cost 平均固定成本Bbalanced budget 平衡预算balance sheet(B/S）资产负债表bank discount yield 银行贴现收益banker's acceptance bill 银行承兑汇票barrier to entry 进入壁垒basic earnings per share 每股基本收益binomial distribution 二项式分布bond-equivalent yield（BEY）债券等值收益率Book Value （BV）账面价值bootstrapping 步步为营法breakeven point 损益平衡点business cycle 经济周期Ccall （option）看涨期权call risk 提前赎回风险cap ①封顶②上限期权capital budgeting 资本预算capitalization（financial leverage）rate（cap rate）资本化(财务杠杆）比率capitalized interest 资本化利息capital lease 融资租赁Capital Market Line(CML) 资本市场线cash conversion cycle 现金流转周期Cash Flow（CF）现金流量change in accounting principle 会计原则的变更clean price 净价closed—end fund 封闭式基金code of ethics 道德守则coefficient of variation （CV）变异系数Collateralized Bond Obligation（CBO）资产抵押债券Collateralized Mortgage Obligations(CMO）不动产抵押担保债券Commercial Paper(CP）商业票据commodity option 商品期权complex capital structure 复杂的资本结构comprehensive Income（CI) 综合收益Conditional Prepayment Rate（CPR) 有条件提前偿付率conditional probability 条件概率confidence interval 置信区间confidence level 置信水平confirming evidence trap 有利信息陷阱Consumer Price Index（CPI) 消费者物价指数consumer surplus 消费者剩余contingent claims 或有债权continuously compounded 连续复利continuous random variable 连续随机变量contra account 抵消账户convexity 凸性corporate bonds 公司债券corporate governance 公司治理(完整word版)CFA词汇表correlation 相关性cost-push inflation 成本推动型通货膨胀country risk 国家风险coupon rate 票面利率coupon strips 本息分离利息券covariance 协方差covenant 合同条款credit analysis 信用分析credit rating 信用评级credit spread 贷方价差(交易）credit spread risk 信用溢价风险cross elasticity of demand 需求的交叉弹性Crowding—out effect 挤出效应cumulative absolute frequency 累积绝对频率currency forward 外汇远期合约currency swap 货币互换Current Asset(CA）流动资产Current Liability（CL）流动负债cyclical unemployment 周期性失业Ddata mining bias 数据挖掘偏差debt securities 债务证券default risk 违约风险deferred coupon bond 递延息票债券deferred tax asset 递延税资产deferred tax liabilities 递延税负债demand—pull inflation 需求拉动型通货膨胀deposit expansion multiplier 存款扩大乘数depreciation ①折旧②贬值diluted earnings per share 稀释的每股收益discontinued operations 停止经营discounted cash flow analysis 现金流贴现模型分析discounted payback period 贴现回收期法discount rate 贴现率discrete random variable 离散型随机变量discrete time 离散时间discrete uniform probability function 离散均匀概率函数discretionary fiscal policy 相机抉择的财政政策dollar duration 货币久期Double—Declining- Balance depreciation（DDB）双倍余额递减折旧法downgrade risk 调低评级风险DuPont analysis 杜邦分析法duration 久期Eearnings multiplier model 收益乘数模型Effective Annual Rate(EAR）实际年利率effective duration 有效久期efficient frontier 有效边界Efficient Market Hypothesis（EMH）有效市场假说elasticity of demand 需求弹性embedded option 嵌入期权equity swap 权益互换escalator clause 伸缩条款estimated （or fitted）parameters 估计的参数值estimated rate of return 预期收益率European-style option or European option 欧式期权event risk 突发事件风险event study 事件研究exchange option 交换期权exchange rate risk 汇率风险Exchange-traded funds （ETFs) 交易所交易基金expenditure multiplier 支出乘数explicit cost 显性成本extension risk 扩展风险Extraordinary item 非常项目Ffactor ①应收账款收买商号②抵押因子Federal Reserve Board（FRB/Fed）联邦储备委员会feedback theory 反馈理论Financial Accounting Standards Board （FASB）美国财务会计准则委员会financial statement analysis 财务报表分析financing cash flow 融资现金流First— In，First- Out （FIFO）先进先出法fiscal policy 财政政策fixed income securities 固定收益证券floating rate bond 浮动利率债券floor ①交易大厅。