电大学位英语语法精讲:非限制性定语从句
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非限制性定语从句的讲解非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明,去掉了也不会影响主句的意思,它与主句之间通常用逗号分开,将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间,其前后都需要用逗号隔开。
下面是店铺为大家收集的非限制性定语从句的讲解,欢迎阅读,希望大家能够喜欢。
非限制性定语从句的讲解篇1说到非限定性定语从句的讲解,还要分成不同的部分,首先大家要知道就得就是该从句的作用是什么。
其实它在句子中是一个独立的成分,不会受到主句的限制,把从句去掉之后,主句仍然是成立的。
这也是为什么它会叫做非限定性定语从句。
其次,大家要了解该从句的形式:非限制性定语从句与先行词以及主句之间的关系不甚紧密,因而通常要用逗号与主句分隔开。
例如:Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?你看过“泰坦尼克号”这部电影吗?它的男主演可是世界闻名的。
My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.我有位朋友,他一辈子服务于国际奥林匹克委员会,下个月就要退休了。
在非限制性定语从句也分成不同的种类,在不同情况下,该从句的使用方法也是不一样的,在考试中经常会考察大家对于该从句不同类型的运用。
如果大家不能很好的掌握这些用法,在考试的时候就一定会丢分了,下面就是关于该从句不同类型的介绍:(1) who引导的非限制性定语从句Our guide,who was a French Canadian,was an excellent cook.我们的向导,一个法裔加拿大人,擅长于烹调。
My gardener,who is very pessimistic,says that there will be no apples this year.我家的园丁非常悲观,他说今年将不结苹果。
非限制性定语从句知识点总结非限制性定语从句是英语语法中的一个重要知识点,对于准确、丰富地表达语言有着重要作用。
接下来,让我们系统地了解一下非限制性定语从句的相关内容。
一、非限制性定语从句的定义非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明的从句,它与先行词的关系不是十分紧密,即使去掉从句,主句的意思仍然完整。
它与限制性定语从句的一个重要区别在于,非限制性定语从句在先行词和从句之间通常用逗号隔开。
例如:“My father, who is a doctor, works very hard”在这个句子中,“who is a doctor”就是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是“my father”。
如果去掉这个从句,“My father works very hard”这个主句的意思仍然清晰完整。
二、非限制性定语从句的引导词1、关系代词(1)which:which 可以指代物,在从句中作主语、宾语等成分。
例如:The house, which was built in 1980, needs repairing (which 指代“the house”,在从句中作主语)(2)who:who 指代人,在从句中作主语。
例如:Mr Smith, who has just come from abroad, is very kind (who 指代“Mr Smith”,在从句中作主语)(3)whom:whom 指代人,在从句中作宾语。
例如:The girl, whom I met yesterday, is very friendly (whom 指代“the girl”,在从句中作宾语)(4)whose:whose 可以指代人或物,在从句中作定语。
例如:The boy whose father is a teacher studies very hard (whose 指代“the boy”的,在从句中作定语)2、关系副词(1)when:when 在从句中作时间状语。
非限定性定语从句一、非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。
如:1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜欢这本书,这是昨天买的。
2. I like the book which / that was bought yesterday. 我喜欢昨天买的那本书。
二、非限制性定语从句不能用why引导。
要用for which代替why。
如:1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn't attend the meeting. 我已经把理由告诉了他们,为此我没有去开会。
2. I had told them the reason why I didn't attend the meeting. 我告诉了他们我不去开会的理由。
(限制性定语从句“the reason why...”是常见搭配。
)三、非限制性定语从句置于句首时,不能用which引导。
关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。
如:1. As I expected, he didn't believe me. 正如我所预料的,他不相信我。
2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth. 她听到一个可怕的声音,这让她把心都提到嗓子眼了。
四、非限制性定语从句由“介词+关系代词”引导时,其中的关系代词不能用as。
如:1. He bought the car for more than $20,000, with which his father was angry. 他花两万多美元买了这辆车,他父亲对此很生气。
2. I finished my work ahead of time, after which I sat some time reading the newspaper. 我提前干完了我的活,随后我坐着看了一会儿报纸。
非限制性定语从句1. 定义非限制性定语从句(Non-restrictive Relative Clauses)是指用来修饰一个名词或代词,且不对其进行限定的定语从句。
这种从句通常提供一些额外信息,而不是对名词或代词进行修饰、定义或区分。
非限制性定语从句和限制性定语从句的区别在于非限制性定语从句用逗号或破折号将其与主句分隔开来,而限制性定语从句则不用分隔符。
例如:•限制性定语从句:The book that I borrowed last week was very interesting.•非限制性定语从句:My friend, who is a doctor, came to visit me.非限制性定语从句通常用来提供额外的信息,使得整个句子更加丰富和具体。
2. 结构非限制性定语从句的结构相对简单,通常由关系副词(如where, when, why)或关系代词(如who, whom, which)引导,并且使用逗号或破折号将其与主句分隔开来。
以下是一些常见的关系代词和关系副词:•关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that•关系副词:where, when, why例如:•关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句:My brother, who is a teacher, lives in London.•关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句:I still remember the day, when we went to the beach.3. 示例以下是一些示例,以帮助读者更好地理解非限制性定语从句的用法和作用。
1.This is my father, who is an engineer.2.The house, which was built in the 19th century, is now a museum.3.She loves music, which is why she plays the piano every day.4.The dog, whose tail is wagging, seems very happy.5.Tom finally got the job, which he had been dreaming of.4. 注意事项在使用非限制性定语从句时,需要注意以下几点:•逗号或破折号:非限制性定语从句通常使用逗号或破折号与主句分隔开来,这有助于读者更好地理解句子的结构和意思。
非限制性定语从句知识点总结非限制性定语从句是英语语法中的一种重要句子结构,用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,进一步说明其前面的名词或代词的特点、性质、状态等。
相对于限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句在语法结构和用法方面略有不同。
本文将对非限制性定语从句的使用、结构和注意事项进行总结。
一、非限制性定语从句的使用场景非限制性定语从句通常用来对主句中的名词或代词进行补充说明,起到进一步修饰的作用。
非限制性定语从句并不是主句中名词或代词的必需部分,即使去掉非限制性定语从句,主句的意思仍然完整。
例如:1. My friend, who is a doctor, is coming to visit me tomorrow.(我的朋友,他是一名医生,明天要来看我。
)2. The Taj Mahal, which is located in India, is a world-famous tourist attraction.(泰姬陵,位于印度的一座世界著名旅游景点。
)二、非限制性定语从句的基本结构非限制性定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导,引导词可用于引导主语、宾语、表语等不同的成分。
关系代词引导非限制性定语从句的常见单词有:who, whom, whose, which, that;关系副词引导非限制性定语从句的常见单词有:when, where, why。
例如:1. My brother, who is a teacher, lives in London.(我的弟弟,他是一名教师,住在伦敦。
)2. I visited the school where my mother used to study.(我参观了我母亲曾经就读的学校。
)三、非限制性定语从句的注意事项1. 非限制性定语从句和主句之间用逗号或句号隔开,逗号用于较短的非限制性定语从句,句号用于较长的非限制性定语从句。
2. 非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词可以有主谓一致的变化,而限制性定语从句中的谓语动词是不可省略的。
英语语法精讲(第25节):定语从句之非限定性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句既可修饰先行词,也可修饰整个主句,起补充说明作用,与主句之间有逗号隔开,若省去,原句意思不受影响。
非限制性定语从句不能用that引导。
关系词不可省略。
例如:Our guide,who was a French Canadian,was an excellent cook.Mr. Smith,from whom I have learned a lot,is a famous scientist.The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.He said that he had never seen her before,which was not true.They went to London,where they lived for six months.注意:以上例句中,均未用that引导非限定性定语从句。
When deeply absorbed in work,which he often was,he would forget all about eating and sleeping.此句中,whichhe often was 是非限定性定语从句,修饰When deeply absorbed in work整个句子。
“介词+ which / whom / whose”引导的定语从句“介词+ which / whom / whose”可引导限制性定语从句,也可引导非限制性定语从句,该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭配,或先行词的习惯搭配。
例如:This is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar.由as引导的定语从句as引导的定语从句主要用于“such...as”及“the same...as”的结构中,代替先行词是人或物的名词。
电大学位英语试题精讲:非限制性定语从句1. ____ is well known, the key to success lies in hard work.A. AsB. ThatC. WhichD. What【答案】A.本题考查的是固定搭配as is well known,众所周知的意思。
2. The size of the audience, ___ we had expected was well over one thousand.A. whomB. whoC. asD. that【答案】C as 引导一个定语从句,as代表整个主句的内容,一位“如我们所期望的,观众的数量超过了一千”,这里audience“观众”作不可数名词,用size来修饰。
3. ____ was pointed above, this substance can be used as a substitute.A. ItB. ThatC. WhatD. As【答案】D as这里引导非限定性定语从句,as在定语从句中做主语,代替逗号后面整个主句,意为:正如。
句意为:正如上面所指出的,从这种物质可以被用作替代品。
如果选A 或B项就会成为一个独立的句子,和后面的句子之间就会缺乏连接词;如果选C项,则应该说,what was pointed above is what this substance can be used as a substitute.4. _____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.A. WhichB. WhenC. WhatD. As【答案】D As引导的特殊定语从句。
固定词组:as is often the case(像往常一样)。
5. ________ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What【答案】B as is reported,正如被报道的那样。
6. It turned out that the man was an excellent policeman working in New York, _____ had contributed a lot to the case.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. where【答案】C此题考查的是非限定性定语从句,表示对前面句子的补充说明。
Who指代前面的policeman, 这句话的意思为:原来那人是在纽约工作的优秀警察,他为这个案子贡献很多。
7. He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned.A. whoB. thatC. from whichD. from whom【答案】D learn from 向……学习8. I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who isB. who amC. that isD. what is【答案】B 从句少主语先行词是人、9. An old friend from abroad, ___ I was expecting to stay with, telephoned me from the airport.A. thatB. whomC. whoD. which【答案】B。
whom,关系代词,在定语从句中做with 的宾语,指人。
10. You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.A. who; /B. /; whomC. whom; /D. /; who【答案】D 先行词有only修饰 that或省略。
第二个空从句少主语,连接词不能省。
11. There was a teapot fashioned like a China duck, out of _____ open mouth the tea wassupposed to come.A. whichB. itsC. thatD. whose【答案】D句意为:有一只茶壶设计得相一只中国的鸭子,茶水从它张开的嘴处倒出。
本题考察定语从句,先行词为teapot,在后面的非限定性定语从句中作open mouth(开口的嘴儿)得定语,故用whose.12. The experiment, ___ will soon be announced, was done by my colleagues.A. whose resultsB. the results on whichC. at which the resultsD. of whose results【答案】A。
此句为定语从句。
关系代词whose在从句中做results的定语。
whose是代词的所有格,它既可以代人也可以代物。
当代物时,它相当于…of which。
Please show me the bookwhose cover is red. =Please show me the book the cover of which is red.请把封面是红色的那本书给我看看。
13. George Orwell, ________ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.A. the real nameB. what his real nameC. his real nameD. whose real name【答案】D 他的真实姓名。
Whose14. Mr. Zhou, ______ native language was Chinese, could read and write several foreignlanguages.A. whoseB. hisC. whichD. that【答案】A 他的母语是中文。
Whose15. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whoseB. of whichC. in whichD. on which【答案】A 他的树枝。
16. He has made another wonderful discovery, ____ of great importance to science.A. who I think it isB. of that I think it isC. I think whom isD. which I think is【答案】D which代指前面的discovery。
17. His brother had become a teacher, ___ he wanted to be.A. whoB. whatC. whichD. that【答案】C。
本题考查的是which引导的定语从句。
先行词a teacher,在从句中作he wantedto be的宾语。
因此选C。
他的兄弟成为了一名教师,那正是他想成为的。
18. The university _____my father teaches is a world-famous one, _____was set up 50 years ago.A, where; which B. which; which C. /; where D. where; that【答案】A 第一个空where=in which 第二个空 which代指university,从句缺主语。
19. This machine, ______for many years, is still working perfectly.A. after which I have lookedB. which I have looked afterC. that I have looked afterD. I have looked after【答案】B 非限制性定语从句少宾语,连接词不省略。
20. Smoking, ____ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.A. thatB. whichC. itD. though【答案】B 非限制性定语从句不用that。
21. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, ____, of course, madethe others jealous.A. whoB. whatC. thatD. which【答案】D。
本题考查的是非限定性定语从句。
Which在这里是指前面那一句,即Helen对她最小的孩子要比其他孩子更好,这一点,当然让其他孩子很嫉妒。
That不能用逗号分割。
22. He was very rude to the customs officer, _____ of course made things even worse.A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which【答案】D which 非限制性定语从句,此处which 指代前面一句话,指他对海关官员很粗鲁这件事。
23. Eating large amounts of high-fat foods adds excess calories, ______can lead to weight gain.A. whichB. thisC. thatD. it【答案】A 从句少主语,which代指excess calories。
24. Carol said the work would be done by October,_____personally I doubt very much.A. itB. thatC. whenD. which【答案】D which代指前面的整句话25.The weather turned out to be very good , ____ was more than we could expect.A. whatB. whichC. thatD. it【答案】B which代指前面的整句话26. A curve is a line ___ no part is straight and which has no angle.A. thatB. whoseC. in whichD. of which【答案】D。