大学体验英语第三册作业题作业题一Part I. Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:At this time the state of South Carolina was having hard times. Year after year the soil had been planted to the same crop. It was farmed by uneducated and careless slaves, and the planters knew little about soil conservation. Because the soil was beginning to wear out, crops were smaller. The younger people were not satisfied to raise cotton on the poor soil of the old South. Many of them moved westward and started cotton plantations in Alabama and Mississippi. Moreover, so much cotton had been shipped to factories in England and New England that they had as much cotton as they could use. This brought the price of cotton down. More and more slaves were needed to work on the new and larger plantations, and higher and higher prices were demanded for them. Planters found their expenses rising and their incomes from the sale of cotton reduced. Hard times had come to South Carolina.1. The best title of this passage is ______.A) Ignorance of Planters About FarmingB) Economic Rivalry in the SouthC) Deterioration of the Soil in South CarolinaD) Economic Difficulties of South Carolina2. Which of the following sentences can best summarize the main idea ofthe passage?A) Hard times had come to South Carolina planters.B) Planters found their expenses rising and their incomes from thesale of cotton reduced.C) Year after year the soil of South Carolina had been planted withthe same crop.D) Because the soil was beginning to wear out, crops were smaller.3. In discussing the economy of South Carolina, one of the author'sassumptions is that the reader understands ______.A) the lack of knowledge on the part of planters and slavesB) farming methods in use at the timeC) the law of supply and demandD) why more slaves were needed4. Plantations grew in size in South Carolina mainly because ______.A) demand for cotton had decreased B) planters grew richC) places had to be found for young peopleD) soil was less productive5. The fact that cotton prices were falling is mentioned by the author toshow that ______.A) cotton shipments should have been regulatedB) poorer soil produced poorer quality cropsC) the planters were having hard timesD) there were reasons why young people moved westwardQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:A unique laboratory at the University of Chicago is busy only at night. It is a dream laboratory where researchers are at work studying dreamers. Their findings have revealed that everyone dreams from three to seven times a night, although in ordinary life a person may remember none or only one of his dreams.While the subjects--usually students--are asleep, special machines record their brain waves and eye movements as well as the body movements that signal the end of a dream. Surprisingly, all subjects sleep soundly.Observers report that a person usually moves his body restlessly before a dream. Once the dream has started, his body relaxes and his eyes become more active, as if the curtain had gone up on a show. As soon as the machine indicates that the dream is over, a buzzer wakens the sleeper. He sits up, records his dream, and goes back to sleep--perhaps to dream some more.Researchers have found that if the dreamer is wakened immediately after his dream, he can usually recall the entire dream. If he is allowed to sleep even five more minutes, his memory of the dream will have faded.6. According to the passage, researchers at the University of Chicago arestudying ______.A) the content of dreams B) the meaning of dreamsC) the process of sleeping D) dreamers while they dream7. Their findings have revealed that ______.A) everyone dreams every night B) dreams are easily rememberedC) dreams are likely to be frighteningD) persons dream only one dream a night8. Just before a dream a sleeper will usually ______.A) relax B) lie perfectlyC) give an uneasy movement D) make more eye movements9. In the dream laboratory, the dreamers are recorded _______.A) as soon as the students wake in the morningB) at stated intervals during the nightC) about five minutes after the end of each dreamD) immediately after each dream10. A person is most likely to remember the dream that _______.A) is of most interest to himB) occurs immediately after he goes to sleepC) occurs just before he wakes upD) both A) and B)Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:The existence of oil wells has been well known for a long time. Some of the Indians of North America used to collect and sell the oil from the wells of Pennsylvania. No one, however, seems to have realized the importance of this oil until it was found that paraffin-oil could be made from it; this led to the development of the wells and to the making of enormous profits. When the internal combustion engine was invented, oil became of world-wide importance.What was the origin of the oil which now drives our motor-cars and aircraft? Scientists are confident about the formation of coal, but they do not seem so sure when asked about oil. They think that the oil under the surface of the earth originated in the distant past, and was formed from living things in the sea. Countless billions of minute sea creatures and plants lived and sank to the sea bed. They were covered with huge deposits of mud, and by processesof chemistry, pressure and temperature were changed through long ages into what we know as oil. For these creatures to become oil, it was necessary that they should be imprisoned between layers of rock for an enormous length of time. The statement that oil originated in the sea is confirmed by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfields of the world; very few of them are far distant from the oceans of today. In some places gas and oil come up to the surface of the sea from its bed. The rocks in which oil is found are of marine origin too. They are sedimentary rocks, rocks which were laid down by the action of water on the bed of the ocean. Almost always their remains of shells, and other proofs of sea life, are found close to the oil. A very common sedimentary rock is called shale, which is a soft rock and was obviously formed by being deposited on the sea bed. And where there is shale there is likely to be oil.There are four main areas of the world where deposits of oil appear. The first is that of the Middle East, and includes the regions near the Caspian Sea, the Black Sea, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. Another is the area between North and South America, and the third, between Asia and Australia, includes the Islands of Sumatra, Borneo and Java.The fourth area is the part near the North Pole. When all the present oil-fields are exhausted, it is possible that this cold region may become the scene of oil activity. Yet the difficulties will be great, and the costs may be so high that no company will undertake the work. If progress in using atomic power to drive machines is fast enough, it is possible that oil-driven engines may give place to the new kind of engine. In that case the demand for oil will fall, the oilfields will gradually disappear, and the deposits at the North Pole may rest where they are forever.11. Mineral oil didn't become very important until _______.A) the internal combustion engine was inventedB) the oil wells in Pennsylvania were developedC) American Indians began to collect and sell itD) oilfields were exhausted12. Scientists think that _______.A) coal was formed from shale under the surface of the earthB) oil was formed from sea creatures caught between layers of rockC) oil was formed from large deposits of mud on the sea bedD) oil was formed from sea water by processes of chemistry,pressure and temperature13. "Where there is shale, there is likely to be oil." The authorsays this in order to show that ______.A) oil was first formed under seaB) shale is a sedimentary rockC) oil was made from shaleD) shale is another form of oil14. The first three areas of oil deposits are mentioned in a singleparagraph, whereas the fourth area is mentioned in a separateparagraph. This is because ______.A) the fourth area has not been developed yet and may never bedevelopedB) the fourth area is a long way from North AmericaC) its oilfields are already exhaustedD) the fourth area is a good place to develop atomic power15. Progress in using atomic power may _______.A) save all the trouble of drilling for oilB) give rise to a new kind of oil-driven engineC) reduce the cost of drilling near the North PoleD) make it necessary to drill near the North PoleQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:A very important world problem is the rapidly increasing pressure of population on land and on land resources.It is not so much the actual population of the world but its rate of increase which is important. It works out to be about 1.6 per cent per annum net increase. In terms of numbers this means something like forty to fifty-five million additional people every year. Canada has a population of twenty million--rather less than six months' climb in world population. Take Australia. There are ten million people in Australia. So, it takes the world less than three months to add to itself a population which peoples that vast country. Let us take our own crowded country--England and Wales: forty-five to fifty million people--just about a year's supply. By this time tomorrow, and every day, there will be added to the earth about 120,000 extra people, just about the population of the city of York.This enormous increase of population will create immense problems. By A.D. 2000, unless something desperate happens, there will be as many as 7,000,000,000 people on the surface of this earth! So this is a problem which you are going to see in your lifetime.Why is this enormous increase in population taking place? It is really due to the spread of the knowledge and the practice of what is coming to be called Death Control. Death Control is something rather different from Birth Control. Death Control recognizes the work of the doctors and the nurses and the hospitals and the health services in keeping alive people who, a few years ago, would have died of some of the incredibly serious killing diseases, as they used to be. Squalid conditions, which we can remedy by an improved standard of living, caused a lot of disease and dirt. Medical examinations at school catch diseases early and ensure healthier school children. Scientists are at work stamping our malaria and other more deadly diseases. If you are seriously ill there is an ambulance to take you to a modern hospital. Medical care helps to keep people alive longer. We used to think seventy was a good age; now eighty, ninety, it may be, are coming to be recognized as a normal age for human beings. People are living longer because of this Death Control, and fewer children are dying, so the population of the world is shooting up.Imagine the position if you and I and everyone else living on earth shared the surface between us. How much should we have each? It would be just over twelve acres--the sort of size of a small holding. But not all that is useful land which is going to produce food. We can cut out one-fifth of it, for example, as being too cold. That is land which is covered with ice and snow--Antarctica and Greenland and the great frozen areas of northern Canada. Then we can cut out another fifth as being too dry--the great deserts of the world like the Sahara and the heart of Australia and other areas where there is no known water supply to feed crops and so to produce food. Then we can cut out another fifth as being too mountainous or with too great an elevation above sea level. Then we can cut out another tenth as land which has insufficient soil, probably just rock at the surface. Now, out of the twelve acres only about four are left as suitable for producing food.. But not all that is used. It includes land with enough soil and enough rainfall or water, and enough heat which, at present, we are not using, such as, for example, the great Amazon forests and the Congo forest and the grasslands of Africa. How much are weactually using? Only a little over one acre is what is required to support one human being on an average at the present time.16. The world's population is increasing because _______.A) the number of babies born every year is about 16 percent of thetotal populationB) the birth rate is about 1.6 percent higher than the death rateC) the birth rate is going up by 1.6 percent per annumD) the death rate is going down by about 1.6 percent every year17. The author mentions the different populations of Canada, Australia,and England and Wales in order to _______.A) show how small these countries areB) show how quickly those countries are populatedC) emphasize the low rate of increase of world populationD) emphasize the high rate of increase of world population18. According to the passage which of the following is not the cause fordeath?A) Poor living condition. B) Fatal diseases like malaria.C) Poor medical service. D) Less food to feed people.19. By "Death Control" the author means _______.A) a rather different kind of Birth ControlB) control of the world's populationC) the prevention or cure of diseasesD) the spread of knowledge in the world20. From the passage we can conclude _______.A) the problem of land is not very seriousB) the problem of land can be solved by removing Death ControlC) the problem of land should be solved by reducing the populationD) there is still potential to tap in the use of landPart II. Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)21. It has come ______ my knowledge that you have not been studying veryhard.A) through B) up with C) to D) up against22. He has always gone ______ strange hobbies like collecting bottle-topsand inventing secret codes.A) into B) by C) in for D) for23. Marking and correcting learner's wrong use of a foreign language cannot keep him ______ making mistakes.A) in B) down C) off D) from24. I was trying to explain what had happened to my lab last night, butthe boss cut me ______.A) off B) down C) short D) back25. It is impossible to measure the _______ of study by money.A) award B) prize C) reward D) price26. His pronunciation sounded very _______.A) clear B) plain C) obvious D) distinguished27. The flat we have rented is very _______ for the railway station.A) comfortable B) suitable C) near D) convenient28. Many houses in that area have been ______. A new hotel will beerected.A) moved down B) pushed down C) pulled down D) fallen down29. I had a terrible nightmare in which I was put ______ in a mental hospital.A) away B) up C) forward D) down30. At present, our house is not ______ against fire.A) insured B) ensured C) assured D) reassured31. He felt ______ that he should leave immediately.A) strong B) stronglyC) strength D) to be strong32. Tell him not to worry. I will have ______.A) to inform him B) informed himC) him inform D) him informed33. There was a storm ______ night.A) on B) at the C) in the D) during34. He had a hard time ______ English.A) studying B) studied C) to study D) and studied35. The crime seems ______ by a woman.A) committed B) to be committedC) to have committed D) to have been committed36. He prefers ______.A) sailing to swim B) to sail to swimC) sailing to swimming D) sailing rather than swimming37. They ______ him from going there.A) forced B) forbid C) didn't allow D) prevented38. The family never agree about ______ shares of the property.A) its B) his C) their D) one's39. That book is ______.A) worthy to read B) worthy of readingC) worthy of being read D) worthy reading40. ______ of his eyes is good.A) Every one B) Both C) All D) Each41. John didn't finish his work; the doctor advised that he ______ it.A) not to do B) did not do C) not do D) don't do42. We ______ that he were here now.A) wish B) hope C) expect D) feel43. You should insure your house ______ there's fire.A) when B) if C) in case D) unless44. No one knows ______ to do.A) what do the others want B) which do the others wantC) what the others want D) that the others want45. Why he did it is ______ my comprehension.A) over B) against C) on D) beyond46. He is good ______ tennis.A) at B) in C) on D) for47. Discovered many years ago, ______.A) we find uranium a useful metalB) we regard uranium as a useful metalC) uranium is a useful metalD) uranium is considered like a useful metal48. Mary is the nicest girl ______.A) of all her sisters B) among her sistersC) in her family D) of all the boys and girls49. I met him in a park ______ .A) one day B) some day C) someday D) sometime50. He can't remember ______.A) what is the formulae B) what the formulae isC) what are the formulae D) what the formulae arePart III. Cloze (15 minutes)The formation of the atomic theory is one of thegreat achievements of science. It has enabled us__51__ the properties of the elements, the basic 51. A) to learn aboutB) of realizingC) to understandD) in the belief of building blocks of all matter, __52__ we know 52. A) so thatB) thereforeC) in order thatD) resulting from which elements can __53__ each other. 53. A) go togetherB) work outC) replaceD) combine with The science of chemistry is based on ourunderstanding of atoms and __54__ in interactingwith one another. 54. A) its propertyB) their behaviorC) its behaviorD) their performing __55__ science called atomic (or sometimes 55. A) The otherB) TheC) OneD) Another nuclear) physics __56__ to study the 56. A) which isB) whose task isC) was inventedD) came into being structure of the atom __57__. As the atom was 57. A) of allB) itselfC) in an entire wayD) by scientists investigated, it became __58__ that the atom 58. A) reasonableB) interestingC) importantD) apparentwas not a solid piece of matter, __59__ 59. A) since itB) itC) butD) andwas made up of even smaller particles. Thefirst subatomic particle __60__ was 60. A) people areidentifyingB) to be identifiedC) that itidentifiesD) which needsidentifyingthe electron, a tiny piece of matter __61__ 61. A) inB) ofC) withD) ona negative electric charge. The __62__ of 62. A) sizeB) weightC) scaleD) patternan electron was very small indeed--approximately__63__ of the weight of a hydrogen atom, 63. A) one eighteen-hundredthB) one eighteenth- hundredthC) One eighteen-hundredsD) one eighteens- hundredth__64__ all the elements. Scientists came to 64. A) the heaviest ofB) the lightest ofC) the smallest ofD) the largest of believe that the electrons orbited the nucleusof the atom, __65__ almost all of the weight of 65. A) in whichB) for whichC) on whichD) around whichthe atom was concentrated. The atom, __66__ was 66. A) in this wayB) accordinglyC) for instanceD) in other wordsarranged like a very tiny solar system. __67__ 67. A) The atomsB) The neutronsC) The smallerparticlesD) The electronswere like the planets that orbit the sun in thecenter. __68__ of each atom was in fact empty 68. A) AllB) MostC) EveryD) Almostspace, as is the space __69__ the planets in 69. A) besideB) inC) withD) betweenour solar system. The electrons __70__ the 70. A) revolve aroundB) move aboutC) are sent off byD) go withnucleus of the atom in this empty space atincredibly fast rates of speed.Part IV. Writing (30 minutes)Stop Smoking1. Smoking can cause many diseases and pollute the environment. ________2. Although smoking is good for nothing, _________________________________3. Efforts must be taken to stop smoking. ______________________________作业题二Part I. Reading Comprehension (35 minutes):Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, summed up the four chief qualities of money some 2,000 years ago. It must be lasting, easy to recognize, to divide, and to carry about. In other words it must be, 'durable, distinct, divisible and portable'. When we think of money today, we picture it either as round, flat pieces of metal which we call coins, or as printed paper notes. But there are still parts of the world today where coins and notes are of no use. They will buy nothing, and a traveler might starve if he had none of the particular local 'money' to exchange for food.Among isolated peoples, who are not often reached by traders from outside, commerce usually means barter. There is a direct exchange of goods. Perhaps it is fish for vegetables, meat for grain, or various kinds of food in exchange for pots, baskets, or other manufactured goods. For this kind of simple trading, money isn't needed, but there is often something that everyone wants and everybody can use, such as salt to flavor food, shells for ornaments, or iron and copper to make into tools and vessels. These things--salt, shells or metals--are still used as money in out-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange substance to use as money, but in countries where the foodof the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an absolute necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their value, were used as money in Tibet until recent times, and cakes of salt will still buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Cowrie sea shells have been used as money at some time or another over the greater part of the Old World. These were collected mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, cowries were traded right across the continent from East to West. Four or five thousand went for one Maria Theresa dollar, an Austrian silver coin which was once accepted as currency in many parts of Africa.Metal, valued by weight, preceded coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings is still used in many countries instead of money. It can be either exchanged for goods, or made into tools, weapons or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, often in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called 'cash'. The earliest of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old--older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays, coins and notes have supplanted nearly all the more picturesque forms of money, and although in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for future use on ceremonial occasions such as weddings and funerals, examples of primitive money will soon be found only in museums.1. The best title for this passage is ______.A) The Development of Money B) Salt--A Best Form of MoneyC) Money D) Primitive Money in Use2. In some parts of the world a traveller might starve ______.A) even if his money was of the local kindB) even if he had no coins or notesC) if he did not know the local rate of exchangeD) even if he had plenty of coins and notes3. One type of early Chinese money was _______.A) made from bones B) called 'cash'C) better than eastern Mediterranean coinsD) in the form of bronze bars4. According to the passage, if a traveller goes to a out-of-the-waycountry, _______.A) it's better to take some salt, shells or metals with himB) it's better to take his own foodC) he will probably starveD) he should take some coins and notes with him5. According to the passage, primitive money ______.A) is almost out of circulationB) is still used in trade in remote countriesC) will be used in museumsD) was made of metalQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:The discovery of the Antarctic not only proved one of the most interesting of all geographical adventures, but created what might be called the heroic age of Antarctic exploration. By their tremendous heroism, men such as Shackleton, Scott, and Amundsen caused a new continent to emerge from the shadows, and yet that heroic age, little more than a century old, is already passing.Modern science and inventions are revolutionizing the techniques of former explorers, and, although still calling for courage and feats of endurance, future journeys into these icy wastes will probably depend on motor vehicles equipped with caterpillar traction rather than on the dogs that earlier discoverers found so invaluable.Few realize that this Antarctic continent is almost equal in size to South America, and an enormous field of work awaits geographers and prospectors. The coasts of this continent remain to be accurately charted, and the mapping of the whole of the interior presents a difficult task to the cartographers who undertake the work. Once their labors are completed, it will be possible to prospect the vast natural resources which scientists believe will provide one of the largest treasure deposits of metals and minerals the world has yet known, and almost inexhaustible sources of copper, coal, uranium, and many other ores will become available to man. Such discoveries will bring about an era of practical exploitation of the Antarctic wastes.Plans are already on foot to set up permanent bases on the shores of this continent, and what so few years ago was regarded as a "dead continent" now promises to be a most active center of human life and endeavor.6. The reason the author mentioned Shackleton, Scott and Amundsen in thefirst paragraph is probably that they ______.A) proved that the discovery of the Antarctic was one of the mostinteresting of all geographical adventuresB) are improving the techniques for Antarctic explorationC) created the heroic age of Antarctic explorationD) contributed much to the exploration of the Antarctic7. According to the passage, future Antarctic exploration _______.A) still requires courage and feats of enduranceB) can be performed by machineryC) can be performed by dogsD) will mainly rely on charts and maps8. Before the natural resources of the Antarctic can be exploited andutilized, ______.A) people must realize the significance of the exploration of thenew continentB) an enormous field of work of geographic surveys must be carriedoutC) permanent bases must first be set up on the new continentD) it must be known how to make natural resources available to man9. The title of this passage may be _______.A) Antarctic--A Continent to be ExploredB) Antarctic and its Heroic AgeC) Antarctic--A Mysterious ContinentD) Antarctic--A Continent of Adventure10. According to the author, the exploration of the Antarctic is of greatsignificance because the new continent _______.A) is of the same size as South AmericaB) is abundant in natural resourcesC) will be the place for a heroic age of geographical adventuresD) both A) and B)。
