英语专业八级英译汉

1. Contrast Between English and ChinesePut the following into Chinese, pay special attention to the linguistic differences between English and Chinese.Sentence translation:1.Now that you are in for it, you must carry on.2.Cigarettes were the death of me.3.If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday eveningdoes not wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street.4.If you confer a benefit, never remember it; if you receive one, remember it always.5.Her sighs made it clear that she was unhappy.6.They had no running water where they lived. Nor did they have any conveniences of lifesuch as gas and electricity.7.Theatre will be reinvented and become much freer and more imaginative.8.Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may result inserious disease if certain important elements are missing.9.By the end of the war, 800 people had been saved by the organization, but at a cost of 200Belgian and French lives.10.It should be noted that he and she were extremely close allies.Passage translation:It seemed a point scored for her side when Joanne, panicked that her father-in-law would bungle the turnoff for the Pulaski Skyway, shattered the tip of her cigarette against the back of the seat and a live ash fell on the baby‟s belly. It went unnoticed for a second until Corinne screamed; then they all saw it, a little flea of fire glowing beside the perfect navel. Joanne jumped, and squealed with guilt, and flapped her hands and stamped her feet and hugged the baby against her, but the evidence could not be destroyed; a brown dot of char on the globe of immaculate skin. Corinne continued her screams, splicing them with shrill hard gasps of intake, while everyone rummaged through purses and pockets for Vaseline, butter, toothpaste – anything for an urgent. Mother had a tiny bottle of toilet water given her in a department store; Joanne dabbed some of this on, and in time Corinne, shaken by more and more widely spaced spasms of sobbing, mercifully dragged her injury with her into the burrow of sleep.2. Cohesion1.When Smith was drunk, he used to beat his wife and daughter; and the next morning, witha headache, he would rail at the world for its neglect of his genius, and abuse, with a gooddeal of cleverness, and sometimes with perfect reason, the fools, his brother painters.2.(When one individual inflicts bodily injury upon another, such injury that death results,we call the deed man-slaughter; when the assailant knew in advance that the injury would be fatal, we call his deed murder.) But when society places hundreds of proletarians in such a position that they inevitably meet a too early and an unnatural death, one which is quite as much a death by violence as that by the sword or bullet; when it deprives thousands of the necessaries of life, places them under conditions in which they cannot live – forces them, through the strong arm of the law, to remain in such conditions until that death ensues which is the inevitable consequence –knows that these thousands of victims must perish, and yet permits these conditions to remain, its deed is murder just as surely as the deed of the single individual; disguised, malicious murder, murder against which none can defend himself, which does not seem what it is, because no man sees the murderer, because the death of the victim seems a natural one, since the offence is more one of omission than that of commission. (But murder it remains.)3 Coherence1.In that infinitesimal fraction of time, inconceivable and immeasurable, during which thefirst atomic bomb converted a small part of its matter into the greatest burst of energy released on earth up to that time, Prometheus had broken his bonds and brought a new fire down to earth, a fire three million times more powerful than the original fire he snatched from the gods for the benefit of man some five hundred thousand years ago. 2.The chess board is the world, the pieces are the phenomena of the universe, the rules ofthe game are what we call the laws of nature. The player on the other side is hidden from us. We know that his play is always fair, just and patient. But we also know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or makes the smallest allowance for ignorance.3.British newspapers –all of them some of the time, and some of them all the time –behave badly in two ways. They intrude unnecessarily and often hurtfully into people‟s privacy; and they publish inaccurate, sometimes made-up stories. The victims have little redress. If they are rich and the article is defamatory, they can sue for libel. Most cannot afford to do so, and even the rich cannot prevent an invasion of their privacy. Fierce competition, particularly between tabloid newspapers, leads to more feet in more doors.Translation of Idioms, Proverbs and SlangPlease translate the following passages:One afternoon I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband‟s parents, and Imelda was insisting that she apologize to them.Her daughter o bjected. “But, Mama, I just can‟t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they‟re too poor. So today when they wouldn‟t even lend enough to pay for a new bed, all I did was say something that I‟ve heard you say a h undred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?‟”“Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …what the tongue says, the neck pays for‟? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …what was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!‟”Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don‟t pray to him until he gets over it.‟ Can‟t I leave it for tomorrow?”“No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.‟ You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.‟ I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora‟s dinner. I will explain to the senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.‟”。

（一）英译汉练习1. The winds of November were like summer breezes to him, and his face glowed with the pleasant cold. His cheeks were flushed and his eyes glistened; his vitality was intense, shining out upon others with almost a material warmth.十一月的寒风，对他就像夏天吹拂的凉风一样。

舒适的冷空气使他容光焕发，两颊通红，两眼闪光。

他生气勃勃，叫别人感到是一团炙手的火。

（英语material warmth 字面意思是"物质的温暖"，这里具体译作"一团炙手的火"言明意清，让人一看就懂。

）2. It was morning, and the new sun sparkled gold across the ripples of gentle sea. The sea was wonderfully calm and now it was rich with all the color of the setting sun. In the sky already a solitary star twinkled.清晨，初升的太阳照着平静的海面，微波荡漾，闪耀着金色的光芒。

（英语the ripples of the gentle sea 译成汉语时在结构上作了调整，这样译文念起来意思清楚，行文漂亮。

）3. To appease their thirst its readers drank deeper than before, until they were seized with a kind of delirium.为了解渴，读者比以前越饮越深，直到陷入了昏迷状态。

专8翻译1.把握大局grasp the overall situation2.摆谱儿put on airs \keep up appearances3.白手起家start from scratch4.拜年pay New Y ear call5.班门弄斧teach ones grandma to suck eggs6.保质期guarantee period7.报销apply for reimbursement8.爆冷门produce an unexpected answer9.曝光make public10.奔小康strive for a relatively comfortable life11.闭门羹given cold-shoulder12.比上不足比下有余fall short of the best ,but be betterthan the worst13.逼上梁山be driven to drastic alternatives14.变相涨价disguised inflation15.边远贫困地区outlying poverty-stricken areas16.边缘知识人Marginal intellectuals17.表面文章Lip service \surface formality18.博导Ph.D supervisor19.不眠之夜white night20.菜鸟green hand21.长江三角洲Y angtze River delta22.长江中下游the middle and lower reaches of ChangjiangRiver23.超前消费pre-mature consumption24.城市居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living forresident25.充值卡rechargeable card26.春运passenger transport around the Chinese lunar NewY ear27.打破僵局break the deadlock \stalemate28.电脑盲computer illiterate29.豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects30.对…毫不顾忌make no bones about…31.夺冠take the crown32.政治多元化political pluralism33.服务行业catering industry34.复合型人才inter-disciplinary talent35.岗位培训on-the-job training36.高等教育自学考试self-study higher educationexamination37.各行各业every walk of life38.功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits39.各尽其能let each person do his best40.公益活动public welfare activities41.工薪阶层state employee \salaried person42.函授大学correspondence university43.好莱坞大片Hollywood blockbuster44.核心竞争力core competitiveness45.虎父无犬子 A wise goose never lays a tame leg46.激动竞争cut-throat competition47.极限运动maximal exercise \X-game48.加班work extra shifts49.嘉宾distinguished\honored guest50.脚踏实地be down-to-earth51.解除劳动关系sever labor relations52.拉拉队cheering squad53.论文答辩oral defence54.马到成功achieve immediate victory55.三维电影、动画片there-dimensional movie\animation56.生意兴隆business flourishes57.试用期probationary period58.新秀up-and-coming star59.《春秋》Spring and Autumn Annals60.知识产权intellectual property rights。

专业八级翻译参考译文Model Test 1SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH[参考译文]Instead of harassing the monks, the tigers voluntarily stood guard at the gate of the temple. As a reward for it, the monks would place some edibles in front of the gate for the tigers to eat. Towards evening, when the setting sun had dyed half of the sky red, the tigers would come up to the gate in groups to eat their fill and then left slipping and jumping. The monks usually left the gate wide open while peacefully engaged in their daily routine of chanting Buddhist scripture inside the temple. Normally none of their came out to watch the tigers eat. Sometimes, however, one or two monks did appear standing at the gate, but the tigers would remain unalarmed and, taking the monks for their friends, did nothing to harm them. They just kept on eating unhurriedly until they finished and left. Sometimes, when they found，monks at the gate, they would whisk a way like the wind after uttering several thunderous roars.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CIINESE【参考译文】涉足爱河的青年男女常以爱情为砝码，而他们的父母更愿意他们选择有钱人。

1.2005年3月
PartⅠ
1. Despite the fact that the situation in the Middle East appears grim, I am still convinced that peace is within reach.
尽管中东局势看来十分糟糕，但我仍然坚信，和平是可以达到的。

2. The adoption of a new technology can bring about revolutionary changes in the way we do things.
采用新技术可以在我们做事的方式上带来革命性的变化。

3. In a world of ever-increasing interdependence, countries should work together to tackle global problems that no one country can solve alone.
在一个日益相互依存的世界里，国家应该携手合作解决一些国家无法独自解决的全球性问题。

4. Far from providing a cure-all, the new measure is likely to have limited effect in solving the issue.
这项新的措施并不能治愈一切，而在解决这个问题时有可能产生有限的效果。

我们有必要为我们造成的环境灾难承担责任，并采取有效措施扭转这一趋势。

Part II。

1PART V TRANSLATIONSECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH【参考译文】O.cours.w.ar.not.an.coul.not.b.perfec.wit.regar.t.huma.rights.becaus.Chin.ha..histor.o.severa.thousa n.year.o.feudalism.Chin.als.experience..semi-feuda.an.semi-colonia.rule.I.i.onl.5.year.sinc.th.foun din.o.th.People'.Republi.o.China.Ho.coul.w.possibl.solv.al.th.pas.problem.withi.jus.5.years.Bu.w.a plaint.an.criticis.fro.al.sides.especiall.fro.th.ordinar.Chines.people.W.ar.readin.l etter.fro.the.ever.da.an.w.ar.doin.ou.bes.t.satisf.thei.wishe.an.mee.thei.needs.W.ar.als.willin.t.liste.t. ment.o.ou.friend.abroad.Thu.w.hav.man.channel.fo.dialogue.SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE【参考译文】仪容整洁和个人卫生的讲究已经行之有年了。

很难想象一个人们不在乎打理外表和身体清洁的时代。

或许这些卫生习惯始于亚当第一次洗澡梳头去赴夏娃的约；也也许始于夏娃第一次搽上青草制的化妆品使自己更美丽。

无论是从何时开始的, 仪容整洁与个人卫生已经成为每个人生活例行事务中重要的一部份。

你也许认为所有现代社会中的仪容整洁与卫生习惯都是同样的。

毕竟, 不是每一个人天天都要洗澡的吗？大部份人的确肯定卫生的必要性, 它是清洁与健康的基础, 也是维持友谊的好办法。

⼤学英语专⼋汉译英翻译试题附答案 骐骥⼀跃，不能⼗步;驽马⼗驾，功在不舍;锲⽽舍之，朽⽊不折;锲⽽不舍，⾦⽯可镂。

以下是店铺为⼤家搜索整理的⼤学英语专⼋汉译英翻译试题附答案，希望对⼤家有所帮助!想了解更多精彩内容请及时关注我们应届毕业⽣考试⽹! task 1 成为圣者的秘诀 从前，在⼀个国家⾥，有⼀位做了⽆数善事的善⼼者。

国王⾮常欣赏他的善举，便封他为圣者。

有⼀天，圣者过⼋⼗⼤寿，国王前来庆贺，特别带来⼀位画家，想通过画家的笔，将这位圣者慈祥的容貌画下来，作为世⼈的典范。

⽤完晚餐之后，众多的嘉宾前来观赏这幅慈爱的画。

肖像画家将这幅画像拿出来的时候，所有⼈⼤吃⼀惊。

因为画⾥的'⼈根本没有慈善的⾯貌，反⽽充满暴戾，粗野，邪恶的⽓息。

国王⼀看，⽣⽓地要⼈把画家拖出去鞭打。

这时，圣者听到惊呼声，跑了过来，他看到这幅画后，跪倒在地：“国王，这画⾥的⼈，才是真实的我啊。

”国王惊诧地问：“为什么?”圣者道：“这就是我⼀⽣挣扎着，不想去做的那个⼈啊。

” 在这世上，没有天⽣的圣者，惟有能时时刻刻⾃我反省，⾃我检视的⼈，才能成为圣者。

参考译⽂： The secret of being a saint Once upon a time there lived in a country a do-gooder. The king was very appreciative of his deeds and decided to honour him as a saint by a decree. On the saint's eightieth birthday, the king was invited to his birthday celerbration. He brought with him a painter so as to do a picture of the kindly saint as a paragon for his countrymen. When the feast is over all the guests were asked to have a look at the picture. To their great surprise, when the picture was shown, what they saw was not a kind but a ruthless and cruel look. The king was very angry at seeing this and ordered his men to beat the painter. Upon hearing the noise, the saint rushed to the scene to have a look at the picture. After viewing it, the saint knelt down and said, "your majesty, the person in the picture is none other than me." Why?" said the king, dumbfounded. "This has been the very person whom I have never wanted to be." In this world, there are no naturally born saints; only those who can do self-criticism and sel-examination, can become saints. task 2 次⽇，他们的马车修好了,上⼭来接他们。

英语专业八级词汇表Aabolition n.. 废除，革除abstract adj . 抽象；深奥academic a.. 学院；学术accumulate vt . 积累vi.堆积accuracy n.. 精确(性)；精确度acknowledgment n. 承认,承认书,感谢acquisition n. (有价值)获得adapt vt.使适应；改编adaptation n. 适应adequate a.足够；可以胜任adhere vi.粘附；追随；坚持adjective n.形容词a.形容词adjustment n. 调节admirer n. 钦佩者,仰慕者,求爱者ado n. 忙乱，骚扰adult n.成年人a.成年adviser n. 顾问,指引专家,劝告者ailment n. （不严重）疾病alert a.警惕；活跃allay vt. 使镇定,使缓和allot vt. 分派,分摊指定allurement n. 诱惑物ally n.同盟国；同盟者almanac n. 年鉴,历书alongside prep.在…旁边alphabet n.字母表alpine a. 高山,极高ambush n./v. 埋伏，伏击analysis n.分析，分解，解析ancestral a. 祖先angelic a. 天使,似天使annals n. 纪年表,年鉴,年报anthem n. 圣歌，赞美歌anther n. 雄蕊花粉囊,花药antitoxin n. 抗毒素anxiety n.焦急，忧虑；渴望apace ad. 迅速地,急速地aperture n. 孔隙，窄缺口appendix n.附录，附属物；阑尾appreciation n.欣赏；鉴别；感激appropriation n. 拨款，挪用公款arbitrary a.随心所欲；专断archbishop n. 大教主archer n. （运动或战争中）弓箭手，射手ardent adj. 热心，热烈aristocrat n. 贵族aromatic adj. 芳香arrogance n. 傲慢，自大arrogant adj. 傲慢，自大artful a. 巧妙,狡滑articulate v. 清晰说话，接合ascent n. 上升攀登asiatic adj. 亚洲；亚洲人asparagus n. 芦笋（可作蔬菜）asphalt n. 沥青aspiration n. 渴望，热望assertion n. 断言,主张assimilate v. 同化，吸取assumption n. 假设astound vt. 使惊骇,使大吃一惊astray adj. 迷路，误入歧途astronaut n.宇宙航行员astronomer n. 天文学家atom n.原子attachment n.连接物，附件；爱慕audacity n. 大胆，鲁莽audible a. 听得见austere adj. 朴素，(人)正经available a.可运用；通用avert v. 避免,避开Bbackground n.背景，后景，经历bail n. 保释,把手,栅栏,桶箍bale n. 大包裹，灾祸，不幸balloon n.气球ballot n. 投票,投票用纸,抽签bandage n.绷带，包带bankrupt a.破产vt.使破产Baptist n. 施洗者约翰,施洗者,浸信会教友baptize vt. 施洗礼,提炼,命名bawl v. 大叫，大喊bearing n.支承；忍受；方位beastly a. 如兽,残忍,令人不高兴beautify vt. 美化,变美,修饰beaver n. 海狸bedtime n.就寝时间befit vt. 适合,适当,适当befriend vt. 待人如友,协助believer n. 信徒beneficial a.有利，有益betimes ad. 早,及时,及早bier n. 棺材bin n. 箱柜bituminous a. (含)沥青bland adj. （人）情绪平稳，（食物）无味blaspheme vt.vi. 亵渎blink vi. 眨眼睛blunder vi.犯大错n.大错boom n. 兴旺bout n. 一回合，一阵brag n. 吹牛brandish vt. 挥,挥动brandy n.白兰地酒brittle a.脆；易损坏broth n. 肉汤broth n. 肉汤budget n.预算，预算案bully v. 欺负，威协buoy n. 浮标，救生圈，v. 支持，勉励buoyant adj. 易浮，高兴.burgher n. 公民,市民burglar n.夜盗，窃贼burner n.灯头，煤气头burnish v. 擦亮，磨光butler n. 仆役长Ccackle n. 咯咯声,高笑声,饶舌,闲谈calcium n. 钙calico n. 印花棉布,白洋布camera n.照相机Canadian n.加拿大人canary n. 金丝雀，女歌星cancel vt.取消，撤除；删去canker n. 溃疡，弊害canton n. 州,行政区capillary n. 毛细管carbon n.碳carcass n. 尸体carcase n. 尸体,架子carelessness n.粗心，大意carrot n.胡罗卜casket n. 首饰盒,小箱,匣子,棺材catastrophe n. 大劫难,大祸cereal n.谷类，五谷，禾谷certainty n.必然；必定charcoal n.炭；木炭chasm n. 深渊，大差别，代沟chastise v. 严肃惩罚，遣责chauffeur n. 司机chemical adj.化学chemise n. 紧身衣一种,衬裙chemist n.化学家；药剂师chilly a. 寒冷cholera n. 霍乱churchgoer n. 经常去做礼拜人circulate vt.使循环vi.循环circumference n.圆周，周长，圆周线clamorous adj. 吵闹，喧哗cleaner n. 清洁工人,清洁剂clergy n. (总称)教牧人员；神职人员climax n.(兴趣)顶点clumsy adj.笨拙；不灵活coax v. 哄诱，巧言诱哄cobweb n. 蜘蛛网,蛛丝,混乱code n.准则；法典；代码coinage n. 造币collapse vi.倒坍；崩溃，崩溃colleague n.同事，同僚comeliness n. 清秀,美丽,合宜commendation n. 赞赏,嘉奖,推荐companionship n. 交谊,情谊,陪伴compassionate adj. 有同情心compensation n.补偿，补偿，补偿费compete vi.比赛；竞争；对抗competitor n.竞争者，敌手complicate vt.使复杂；使陷入composure n. 镇定，沉着，自若comprehensive a.广泛；理解compress vt.压紧，压缩compulsory a.逼迫，义务compute vt.&vi.计算concentration n.集中；专注；浓缩condemnation n. 谴责，定罪confiscate v. 没收，充公conform vt.使遵守vi.一致conformity n. 一致congregate v. 汇集，集合conjunction n.接合，连接；连接词conserve n. 蜜饯,果酱considerably ad. 十分地；相本地consistent a.先后一致，连贯console n.悬臂，肘托；控制台consonant n. 辅音constancy n. 坚定不移,恒久不变constellation n. 星座，星群constitutional a. 宪法；章程consummate adj. 完全，完美，v. 完毕contagious adj. 传染，有感染力contaminate vt. 弄污,弄脏,毒害,传染,染污contentment n. 满足continental a.大陆，大陆性continuation n. 继续,续集,延长contraction n. 收缩contradict vt.辩驳，否认contradiction n.矛盾，不一致；否认contrivance n. 创造,创造才干,想出办法, conversion n.转变，转化；变化convex adj. 凸出coolness n. 冷,凉快,冷静co-operation n. 合伙copse n. 小灌木材,杂树林coronation n. 加冕，加冕礼correspondent n.通信者；通讯员counsellor n. 顾问,辅导员,律师counselor n. 顾问,参事,法律顾问counteract v. 消除，抵消covetous adj. 贪婪，贪心cowslip n. 西洋樱草,猿猴草一种crafty adj. 狡诈cramp n. 铁箍，夹子crank n.曲柄vi.转动曲柄credulous adj. 轻信，易信creed n. 信条，教义crevice n. 缺口，裂缝crisis n.危机；存亡之际critical a.决定性；批评criticize vt.&vi.批评；责怪crusade n. 为维护抱负，原则而进行运动或斗争cucumber n.黄瓜cull vt. 采,摘,拣cultivator n. 耕者,栽培者,耕田机cymbal n. 铙钹,高音音栓之一DDane n. 丹麦人Danish n. 丹麦文daunt v. 使胆怯，使畏缩dauntless adj. 勇敢，无畏daybreak n. 黎明,黎明daze vt. 使茫然,发昏,使眼花缭乱dearth n. 缺少,粮食局限性,饥谨decidedly ad.明确地，坚决地decisive a.决定性；坚决decompose vt.&vi.腐败；分解degradation n.降级；退化；衰变deliberation n. 熟虑,熟思,合同deliverer n. 救济者,引渡人,交付者delusion n. 欺骗，幻想democratic a.民主，民主政体dentist n.牙科医生dependence n. 依赖,依存,信赖depict vt. 描写deportment n. （尤指少女）风度，举止deride v. 嘲弄，愚弄designate vt.指出，批示；指定despot n. 专制君主,暴君detachment n. 分离、超然、公平devilish adj. 如恶魔devise vt.设计，创造dexterity n. 纯熟、机灵diadem n. 王冠,带状头饰,王权diagram n.图解，图表，简图diameter n.直径diary n.日记，日记簿digestive a. 消化,助消化diminutive adj. 小巧可爱dirge n. 哀歌、凄凉之曲调disapproval n.不赞成；不满意disciple n. 信徒、弟子disfigure vt. 毁损…外观,使…变丑；破坏…displace vt.移置；取代；置换dissolution n. 分解,溶解,解散,结束distrust n. 不信任diverse a.不同样，相异doe n. 母鹿,雌兔等dogged a. 顽固,顽强dole n. 施舍品,失业救济金,悲哀doleful adj. 哀愁，消沉dolphin n.海豚domain n. 领土，领域downfall n. 衰败,大雨drainage n.排水；下水道dramatic a.引人注目，戏剧drape vi. 呈褶状垂下drench vt. 使湿透,使布满drought n.旱灾，干旱druggist n. 药商,药材商,药剂师duel n. 决斗dump vt.倾卸，倾倒；倾销duplicate n.复制品vt.复制E eagerness n. 热心earthen a. 土制,陶制earthworm n. 蚯蚓ebony n. 黑檀树,乌木eccentric adj. 古怪，反常economical a.节约；经济学economist n. 经济学者,经济家edible a. 可以吃edify v. 陶冶，启发editor n.编辑，编者，校订者editorial n.社论，期刊社论educational a. 教诲,教诲性effeminate adj. 柔弱，缺少勇气efficacy n. 功能,效力efficient a.效率高，有能力elapse vi.(时间)过去，消逝elector n. 有选举权人,选举人electronic a.电子ember n. 灰烬,余烬eminence n. 卓越、杰出emphasize vt.强调，着重empower vt. 授予权力,容许,使可以emulation n. 竞争，仿效encircle vt. 环绕encouragement n. 勉励,勉励,奖励encyclopaedia n.百科全书encyclopedia n. 百科全书endear vt. 使受爱慕endurance n.耐久力，持久力energetic a.积极；精力旺盛entreaty n. 哀求，哀求entrust v. 委托，付托intrust vt. 信赖,信托,交托enumerate v. 列举枚举epidemic adj. 传染性，流行性epistle n. (长而重要)书信equation n.方程(式)；等式era n.时代，年代；纪元erroneous a. 错误,不对的espy v. (从远处等)突然看到estimation n. 判断,值计,尊重evaporate vt.使脱水vi.发散蒸气evaporation n. 蒸发eventual a. 最后,终于,也许excommunicate vt. 逐出教会executor n. 遗嘱执行人exert vt.发挥(威力)，施加exertion n. 努力，用力exhale v. 呼出(气)exhortation n. 劝告，规劝exit n.出口；退场vi.退出expectant n. 预期者,期待者expend v. 耗费，用光expenditure n.(时间等)支出，消费explode vt.使爆炸vi.爆炸explosion n.爆炸，爆发，炸裂explosive n.炸药a.爆炸exposition n.阐明，解释；陈列exposure n.暴露；揭露；曝光external a.外部，外面exultation n. 狂喜,大悦,欢欣F fabulous adj. 难以置信，寓言里famish v. 使饥饿farmhouse n.农舍fatten vi. 养肥federation n. 联邦,联合,联盟fen n. 沼泽,沼池ferment n./v. 使发酵，骚动fermentation n. 发酵fertility n. 肥沃，丰饶fervent adj. 热，热烈fervour n.热烈，热情fervor n. 热诚，热心feud n. 宿怨，不和feudal a. 封建制度,封地,领地feverish adj.发热filament n.细丝；长丝；灯丝filial a. 子女filial piety n. 孝心firmness n.结实，坚定，稳固fitness n.恰当，恰当；健康flare vi.闪耀vt.使闪亮flicker v. 闪烁，摇曳floss n. 丝棉,乱丝flush n.兴奋，脸红；发热foggy adj.多雾；模糊forage n. （牛马）饲料，粮草v. 搜寻，翻寻foresight n. 远见formula n.公式，式fortitude n. 坚毅，坚忍不拨foxglove n. 指顶花fragile a.脆；体质弱frantic adj. 疯狂，狂乱fraternity n. 同行，友爱frivolous adj. 轻泛，轻佻frugal a. 节俭,朴素fungus n. 真菌Ggalley n. 船上厨房gamble n.赌博vt.冒…险garb n. 装束garret n. 阁楼，顶楼gaseous a.气体，气态gauze n. 沙布，薄纱generate vt.发生；引起；生殖genteel a. 有教养,上流,优雅gentile n. 非犹太人,异邦人,异教徒gentry n. 贵族们geographical a.地理；地区(性) geranium n. 天竺葵gig n. 旋转物,轻便双轮马车,赛艇, gilt n. 镀金,表面装饰,小母猪gipsy vi. 流浪gypsy n. 吉布赛人,吉布赛语, gloss n. 光泽，注解glossy adj. 光泽，光滑gold-smith n.金匠golf n.高尔夫球grab vt.&vi.急抓；抢graft v. 嫁接，移植，n. 贪污grandeur n. 壮丽，伟大grotesque adj. 怪诞，古怪grub n. 幼虫,穷文人grunt vi.作呼噜声；咕哝guise n. 外观,伪装Hhabitual a.习惯性，惯常haggard adj. 憔悴，消瘦hairy adj. 毛发，多毛hammock n. 吊床,小丘handicap vt.妨碍，使不利harass v. 烦扰hardness n. 坚硬,困难,严肃,勇气hawthorn n. 山楂hearing n.听；听力heedless a. 不注意,不留意,不谨慎heighten vt.加高，提高；增长hemlock n. 铁杉；常青树herdsman n. 牧人hereditary a. 世袭,遗传heresy n. 异端邪说heretic n. 异教徒herring n. 青鱼,鲱hitch v. 搭便车，套住honeysuckle n. 忍冬,金银花hostess n.女主人；空姐hostility n. 敌对状态，敌意hull n.外壳，豆荚；薄膜hundredth a. 第一百Hungarian adj.匈牙利huntsman n. 猎人,管猎犬者hurricane n.飓风，十二级风hybrid n. 杂种，混血人hygiene n. 卫生学，卫生Iidentify vt.认出，辨认，鉴定idolatry n. 偶像崇拜,邪神崇拜,盲目崇拜imitation n.仿制品，伪制物imminent adj. 即将发生，逼近impatience n. 性急,难耐,渴望,暴躁,焦急impeach v. 指摘，弹劾impend vi. 逼近,逼迫,悬挂imperious adj. 傲慢，专横impetuous adj. 冲动，鲁莽imply vt.暗示，意指impressive a..给人印象深刻improper a.不恰当；不合理inasmuch ad.由于，由于incapable a.无能力；无资格incorporate vt.结合，合并，收编incurable adj. 无可救药indefinite a.无限期indent v. 切割成锯齿状indicative a.批示；陈述indispensable a.必不可少，必须inert adj. 惰性，行动迟钝inexorable adj. 不为所动，坚决不变infection n. 传染,影响,传染病infer vt.推论，推断；猜想infest v. 骚扰，扰乱influenza n. 流行性感冒informal a. 非正式,不拘礼,通俗ingratitude n. 忘恩负义initiative a.创始n.第一步inject vt.注射；注满；喷射injunction n. 命令，强制令input vt.输入n.输入inquisitive adj. 过份好问，好奇insane adj. 疯狂inscribe vt. 登记,铭记于,题写,雕刻insolent adj. 粗野，无礼instalment n. 就职,装设,分期付款installment n.分期付款instantly ad.及时，即刻instructor n.指引者，教员intellect n.理智，智力，才智inter v. 埋葬intercept v. 半途拦截，截取international a.国际，世界(性) intervene vi.干涉，干预；播进intimacy n. 密切，密切言行intolerable a. 无法忍受,难耐intruder n. 侵入者,干扰者,妨碍者intrusion n. 私闯，干扰invader n. 侵略者irresistible adj. 无法抗拒，无法抵抗irrigate vt.灌溉vi.进行灌溉Jjam n.堵塞vt.使…堵塞jeer v. 讥笑jingle vt.&vi.(使)丁当响judicious adj. 有判断力，明智juggle vt. 变戏法juicy a. 多汁液,生动,多水分Kkeel n. 龙骨,平底船kennel n. 狗舍，狗窝knead vt. 揉,按摩,捏制laboratory n.实验室labyrinth n. 迷宫Llair n. 野兽巢穴，躲藏处lamentable adj. 令人惋惜，懊悔landlord n.地主；房东，店主landmark n. 风景点；里程碑languid adj. 没精打采，怠倦latent a.存在但看不见lavender n. 薰衣草adj. 淡紫色layman n. 普通信徒，门外汉leafy a. 叶茂盛,多叶,叶状leech n. 水蛭,吸血鬼,榨取她人利益人legacy n. 遗产，遗留之物legitimate adj. 合法，合法leopard n.豹liberate vt.解放limitation n.限制；限度，局限limited a.有限linseed n. 亚麻子loath a. 不情愿,勉强loth adj. = loath 不情愿,勉强lobby n.前厅，(剧院)门廊loft n. 阁楼，顶楼loophole n. 枪眼,小窗,换气孔lullaby n. 摇篮曲lunatic n. 疯子，adj. 极蠢luxuriant adj. 繁茂，肥沃Mmace n. 权杖maggot n. 狂想，空想，怪念头magician n.魔法师；变戏法人magnetic a.磁，有吸引力mainland n.大陆maintenance n.扶养；坚持malady n. 病,疾病,弊病malaria n. 疟疾,瘴气mammal n.哺乳动物mangle v. 撕成碎片，压碎manual a.体力n.手册marigold n. 金盏草属植物,金盏菊属植物maritime a. 海,海上,海员,沿海Mars n.火星；战争martyrdom n. 殉教,殉难,殉节massacre n.大屠杀，残杀maternal a. 妈妈,母系,母方mechanism n.机械装置；机制memorable a. 值得纪念,难忘menace vt.&vi.&n.(进行)威胁mercenary adj. 唯利是图n. 雇佣兵mesh n.网眼，筛孔，网络metallic a.金属n.金属粒子metamorphosis n. 变形，变态microscopic a.显微镜，微观midday n.正午，中午mildew n. 霉（因温湿而生）miniature n.缩影a.缩小minimum n.最小量a.最小minor a.较小；较次要minority n.少数；少数民族miraculous adj.奇迹般mislead vt.使误入岐途misuse n. 误用,滥用moat n. 壕沟，护城河molasses n. (单复数同)糖蜜monotonous adj. 单调，无聊monumental a. 纪念碑,做为纪念,不朽morality n.道德，美德，品行mortar n. 小臼，乳钵，迫击炮mortify v. 使屈辱，使痛心mosquito n.蚊子mountaineer n. 登山家,山地人muffle v. 使声音减少，裹住mumble n. 喃喃而语,咕哝murderous a. 凶狠,杀人,致命mushroom n.蘑菇，菌类植物musket n. 滑膛枪mystic a. 神秘,奥秘Nnarcotic n. 催眠药adj. 催眠nationality n.国籍；民族，族nativity n. 出生，诞生naturalist n.博物学家navigator n. 航海家necessitate vt. 迫使,使成为必须,需要needlework n. 刺绣,缝纫needy a. 贫穷,贫困,生活艰难negotiate vi.谈判，交涉，议定nettle n. 荨麻，v. 烦忧，激恼network n.网状物；网络neutral a.中立；中性neutralize v. 使无效，中和newcomer n. 新来者nineteenth a. 第十九,十九分之一nominate vt.提名，推荐；任命Norman n.诺曼第人northwestern a. 在西北部,西北方,来自西北notch n. V字形刻痕，山间窄路noticeable a.显而易见；重要novice n. 生手，新手nowadays ad.现今，当前nuisance n.讨厌东西numberless a. 无数,无号数numeral n. 数字,数nutrition n. 营养Ooaken a. 橡木制oblivion n. 遗忘observer n.观测员，观测者obstinacy n. 倔强,顽固,固执obstruct v. 阻塞，截断obviously adv.显而易见地occupant n. 占有者,居住者,占领者ode n. 长诗，颂歌omen n. 征兆、预兆ominous adj. 预兆、不祥operator n.操作人员，接线员oppressor n. 压迫者,压制者,暴君oral a.口头；口orbit n.运营轨道vt.环绕originate vi.发源vt.首创ornamental a.装饰n.装饰品outbreak n.(战争、愤怒等)爆发outcry n. 呼喊；呐喊outlive vt. 生存得比…更久；比…更经久output n.产量；输出量；输出outrageous adj. 粗暴，无礼overland a. 陆路,通过陆地,陆上oxygen n.氧，氧气Ppagan n. 没有宗教信奉人，异教徒palmer n. 朝圣者,游方僧,毛虫pamphlet n.小册子panel n.专门小组；面，板paralyse vt.使麻痹，使瘫痪paralyze v. 使瘫痪，使无效partisan n.游击队员passive a.被动；悲观pastry n. 糕点，点心pathetic a.哀婉动人；可怜patronage n. 赞助，惠顾peculiarity n.特性，独特性；怪癖pedestal n. （柱石或雕像）基座pelt n. 毛皮. v. 投掷，（雨）猛降perception n.感觉；概念；理解力pernicious adj. 有害，致命perpendicular a.垂直n.垂直(线)perplexity n. 困惑，茫然persistent adj. 固执，坚持persuasive adj. 能劝告，善于游说pervade v. 弥漫，普及pervert v. 使堕落，滥用pew n. 长凳,座位Pharaoh n. 法老王phosphoric adj. 『化学』(五价) 磷,具有磷pigment n. 天然色素，干粉颜料pinion v. 绑住，束缚pinnacle n. 尖塔，山峰pique n./v. （因自尊心受伤害而导致)不悦、愤怒pistil n. 雌蕊pith n. 精髓，要点pivot n. 枢轴，中心v.旋转plaintive adj. 可怜，伤心plebeian n./adj. 平民，平民plus prep.加poke vt.戳，刺；伸(头等)politician n.政治家；政客pollution n.污染popularity n.通俗性；普及，流行populous adj. 人口稠密，人民多poster n.海报，招贴posture n. 姿势,态度,情形,形势potter n. 陶工,陶器匠,陶艺家precarious adj. 危险precaution n.防止；警惕precision n.精准，精密，精密度prediction n.预言，预告；预报preface n.前言，前言，引语prerogative n. 特权presentation n.简介；赠送；呈现preservation n.保存，储藏；保持presidential a. 总统,首长,支配,统辖, presumption n. 假定，冒昧prevention n.防止，制止，妨碍primrose n. 报春花,樱草花,樱草色princely adj. 王子，慷慨principality n.公国,领地,封邑probability n.也许性；概率prodigal adj. 挥霍，n. 挥霍者productive a.生产；丰饶proffer v. 献出，赠送，n. 建议，建议profuse adj. 诸多，挥霍progeny n. 后裔，子女projection n. 突出物prolific adj. 多产，多成果protoplasm n. 原形质Prussia n. 普鲁士pry v. 刺探，打听，撬开pupa n. 蛹QQuaker n. 教友派信徒qualification n.资格；限制条件quarrelsome a. 喜欢吵架,好争论,怒气冲冲questionnaire n. 调查表,问卷,调查表quinine n. 奎宁Rrabble n. 乌合之众，暴民，下等人radiance n. 发光，喜悦radius n.半径距离；界限raft n. 木排；木筏raid n.袭击；突然搜查rally n. vt. vi.(重新)集合ramble vi.闲逛，漫步；聊天ratify vt. 承认；批准ravage n. 破坏,蹂躏reaper n. 收割者reappear vi. 再浮现reassure v. 使安心，安慰rebuff v. 断然回绝reckless a.粗心大意；鲁莽recognition n.认出，辨认；注重recovery n.重获；痊愈，恢复rectangular a. 矩形，长方形reformation n. 改革,改正,改进refusal n.回绝regent n. 摄政者（代国王统治者）reinforce vt.增援，增援；加强reiterate v. 重申，重复地说relationship n.关系，联系remodel v. 重建，变化形状removal n.移动；迁移；除掉repast n. 餐,食量,就餐reptile n.爬行动物；两栖动物repulse v./n. 驱逐，击退，厌恶resemblance n.相似，相似性resentment n. 憎恨reservoir n. 水库resignation n.听从，屈从，顺从responsibility n.责任，责任心；职责restriction n.限制，限定，约束retirement n.退休，引退；退隐revelry n. 狂欢revert vi. 恢复,复归,回答rhetoric n. 修辞学，浮夸言语rhinoceros n. 犀牛rightful a. 合法,正直,固然rind n. （西瓜等）外皮rivet n. 铆钉v. 吸引（注意力）routine n.例行公事a.寻常rudiment n. 基本原理runaway n. 逃走人,逃亡,亡命者russet a. 枯叶色,红褐色,手织ruthless a.无情，冷酷S safeguard n.保护办法；护照sagacity n. 聪明，洞察力salamander n. 火蜥蜴,火怪,耐火人saliva n. 唾液，口水sanctity n. 神圣,尊严,圣洁sandstone n. 沙岩sane adj. 神志清晰，明智sanguine adj. 布满但愿，乐观sanitation n. （公共）卫生sapling n. 树苗，年轻人satyr n. 好色之徒,森林之神Saxon n. 撒克逊人scald v. 烫，用沸水消毒n. 烫伤scarcity n.缺少，局限性，萧条scoundrel n. 恶棍scowl n. 皱眉，怒视，愁容screech vi.发尖叫声sculptor n. 雕刻家scuttle v. 急赶、疾走，逃辟scythe n. 大镰刀seaman n.海员，水手；水兵seashore n. 海岸,海滨seaside n.海滨(胜地)；海边seaward n. 朝海方向secrecy n. 保密secretion n. 分泌,分泌物,分泌液secular adj. 世俗、尘世sedge n. 蓑衣草seedling n. 幼苗seer n. 预言者,先知,幻想家seethe v. 沸腾，汹涌seller n.卖者；行销货sentimental a. 多愁善感sequence n.持续，继续；顺序serf n.农奴serge n. 斜纹哔叽布料sergeant n.警士；军士sexual a. 性,性别sheer a.纯粹；全然shingle n. 木瓦，屋顶板shoal n. 浅滩、浅水处，一群（鱼）short cut n.捷径shred v. 切成细条，撕成碎片shrew n. 泼妇,一种似鼠动物名shrug vt.&vi.耸(肩) n.耸肩shuffle v. 拖步走，支吾，洗牌signet n. 印,图章significant n.故意义；重要simile n. 直喻，明喻siren n.汽笛，警报器sitting-room n.起居室sixpence n. 六便士银币,六便士sixteenth num. 第十六,十六分之一slash vt.vi. 猛砍,乱砍Slav adj.斯拉夫人sleeper n. 睡眠者,枕木,卧铺slime n. 黏液sloth n. 懒惰，树懒（一种动物）smear n. 油渍，污点v. 弄脏，玷污sneak v. 鬼鬼祟祟而行，盗窃software n.(计算机)软件solicitor n. 初级律师soluble a.可溶；可以解决somehow ad.由于某种因素sorcerer n. 男巫士,魔术师sorcery n. 巫术，魔法sordid adj. 卑鄙，肮脏specialize vi.成为…专家；专攻speculation n. 思考，推测，投机speculative a. 投机speechless adj. 不会说话spinal a. 针,尖刺,尖刺状突起, spine n. 脊椎spontaneous a.自发；本能squash vt.压碎n.鲜果汁stability n.稳定，稳定性，巩固staid adj. 稳重，沉着starch n. 淀粉,浆糊,刻板starvation n. 饥饿,饿死staunch adj. 坚定，忠诚v. 止血steadily ad.稳定地，不变地stealth n. 秘密行动,秘密,鬼祟stereo n.立体声a.立体声sterling n. 英国货币,原则纯银stiffen vt.使硬；使僵硬stigma n. 耻辱,污名,烙印stile n. 墙两边阶梯stimulus n. 刺激，勉励（复：stimuli）storehouse n. 宝库，见识广博之人stud n. 图钉,装饰钮扣,种马,领扣,大头钉stun v. 使昏迷，使发愣stupendous adj.巨大，大得惊人subjection n. 征服，服从，从属subscriber n. 订立者,捐献者,订户subside v. （建筑物等）下陷，（天气等）平息，安静subsist vt. 供应食物,供养subtlety n. 狡猾，微妙（感情）suburban adj. 郊外，市郊suckle vt. 哺乳,养育,吮吸sultan n. 回教君主,苏丹,土耳其皇帝sundry adj. 各式各样，各种supersonic a.超声，超声速supplant v. 排挤，取代supplication n. 哀求,哀求,祈愿supporter n. 支持者,后盾,随着者surgery n.外科，外科手术surmise n./v. 推测，猜测surroundings n.周边事物，环境susceptible adj.易受影响，多情sweeper n. 清扫夫sycamore n. 小无花果树,枫树一种sympathetic a.同情；和谐symptomatic a. 具备征候,症状,依照征候Ttallow n. 牛脂,动物脂tangle vt.使缠结，使纠缠tanker n.油船；空中加油飞机target n.靶，标；目的tawny a. 黄褐色,茶色telescope n.望远镜telex n.电传，顾客电报temporal adj. 时间，世俗termination n. 结束；中断terrorist n.恐怖分子thatch n. 茅草屋顶，茅草theology n. 神学，宗教thereafter ad.此后，后来thirtieth num. 第三十,三十分之一thorny a. 有刺tinge v. 给……染色tingle vi. 兴奋,激动,感到刺痛,抖动tissue n.薄绢；薄纸；组织tolerable a. 可容忍,可以torrid adj. 酷热tourist n.旅游者，观光者township n. 镇区transact vt. 办理,解决,执行transformation n.变化；改造；转变transit n. 通过,通行,转变,运送线,运送translation n.翻译；译文，译本treatise n. 论文treble n. 最高音部,三倍tribunal n. 法庭，裁判所trickle vi.滴，淌n.滴；细流triple n. 三倍之数,三个一组triumphal a. 胜利,凯旋trustee n. 受托人,理事tuna n.金枪鱼tweed n. 斜纹软呢,斜纹软呢服Uunbroken adj. 未破,完整,完好uncommon a. 不寻常,不凡,罕有unconcerned a. 不关怀underestimate vt.低估，看轻undoubted a. 无疑,的确undress vt.使脱衣服vi.脱衣服uneasiness n. 不舒服,不安,局促unfinished a. 未完毕unguarded adj. 不留神，没有防备unison n. 调和,和谐,齐奏,齐唱,一致unlimited a.无限；不定unload vt.从...卸下货品unmoved a. 不动摇,坚决,冷静unprofitable a. 无利益,不赚钱,不上算unruly adj. 粗野，无法无天unsafe a. 不安全,不安稳,危险untimely a. 过时unwholesome a. 不适合健康,有害身体,腐败upland n. 丘陵地,高地,丘阜usage n.使用，对待；惯用法utilize vt.运用Vvagabond n. 浪荡子，流浪者，adj. 流浪vane n. 风向标,风信旗,变化不定事物vantage n. 优势,有利状况variable a.易变n.变量vaunt v. 吹嘘，炫耀vehement adj. 剧烈，强烈venom n. 毒液，恶毒，痛恨ventilation n. 通风孔；出口verdict n. 判决，决定verdure n. 翠绿,新绿,新鲜,精力旺盛verify vt.证明，查证；证明vestige n. (生)退化器官；痕迹,残存，遗迹vibrate vt.使颤抖vi.颤抖vicissitude n. 变化,变迁,荣枯,盛衰villager n.村子里居民villainy n. 坏事,恶行,罪恶volley n. 群射,齐发,迸发vomit vt. 吐出,呕吐Wwafer n. 晶片,圆片,薄饼,干胶片wallow n./v. （猪等）在泥水中打滚，沉溺于wanderer n. 流浪者,徘徊者wary a. 小心,机警,周到,唯恐waterproof a.不透水，防水wean n. 断奶，戒掉weird adj. 古怪，荒唐weld vt.&n.焊接，熔接wharf n.码头，停泊所whichever a.无论哪个，无论哪些whisker n.髯，连鬓胡子widen vt.加宽vi.变宽wile n. 诡计，花言巧语wince v. 避开，畏缩wiry a. 金属线制,铁丝似,瘦长结实wistful a. 渴望,想望wrangle v. 争论，激辩，吵架wretchedness n.可怜，不幸，潦倒Xxerography n. 静电印刷法Xerox vt.&vi.用静电复印Y yelp vi. 狺吠；叫喊yore n.从前,往昔Z zenith n. 天顶，极点zodiac n. 十二宫图,黄道带。

My First JobWhen I reached the age of twelve I left the school for ever and got my first fulltime job, as a grocer’s boy. I spent my days carrying heavy loads, but I enjoyed it. It was only my capacity for hard work that saved me from early dismissal, for I could never stomach speaking to my “betters” with the deference my employer thought I should assume.But the limit was reached one Tuesday — my half holiday. On my way home on that day I used to carry a large basket of provisions to the home of my emplo yer’s sister-in-law. As her house was on my way home I never objected to this.On this particular Tuesday, however, just as we were putting the shutters up, a load of smoked hams was delivered at the shop. “Wait a minute,” said the boss, and he opened the load and took out a ham, which he started to bone and string up.I waited in growing impatience to get on my way, not for one minute but for a quite a considerable time. It was nearly half-past two when the boss finished. He then came to me with the ham, put it in the basket beside me, and instructed me to deliver it to a customer who had it on order.This meant going a long way out of my road home, so I looked up and said to the boss: “Do you know I finish at two on Tuesday?” I have never seen a man look m ore astonished than he did then. “What do you mean?” he gasped. I told him I meant that I would deliver the groceries as usual, but not the ham.He looked at me as if I were some unusual kind f insect and burst into a storm of abuse. But I stood firm. He gave me up as hopeless and tried new tactics. “Go out and get another boy,” he yelled at a shop-assistant.“Are you going to deliver them or not?” the boss turned to me and asked in a threatening tone. I repeated what I had said before. “Then, out of here,” he shouted. So I got out.This was the first time I had serious trouble with an employer.我的第一份工作当我十二岁时我永远地离开了学校,同时得到了我的第一份全职工作,作为一个食品杂货商的男孩。

【2002年8级测试英译汉】The word “winner” and “loser” have many meanings1. When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who makes someone else lose. To us, a winner is one who responds authentically by being credible, trustworthy, responsive, and genuine, both as an individual and as a member of a society2.Winners do not dedicate their lives to a concept of what they imagine they should be; rather, they are themselves and as such do not use their energy putting on a performance, maintaining pretence, and manipulating others3. They are aware that there is a difference between being loving and acting loving, between being stupid and acting stupid, between being knowledgeable and acting knowledgeable4. Winners do not need to hide behind a mask.Winners are not afraid to do their own thinking and to use their own knowledge5. They can separate facts from opinions and don’t pretend to have all the answers6. They listen to others, evaluate what they say, but come to their own conclusions. Although winners can admire and respect other people, they are not totally defined, demolished, bound, or awed by them7.Winners do not play“helpless”, nor do they play the blaming game8. Instead, they assume responsibility for their own lives.【概述】这是一篇议论文，议题讨论人生的核心问题——成功与失败。

英译中练习1Scientific and technological advances are enabling us to comprehend the furthest reaches of the cosmos, the most basic constituents of matter, and the miracle of life. At the same time, today, the actions, and inaction, of human beings imperil not only life on the planet, but the very life of the planet. Globalization is making the world smaller, faster and richer. Still, 9/11, avian flu, and Iran remind us that a smaller, faster world is not necessarily a safer world. Our world is bursting with knowledge---but desperately in need of wisdom. Now, when sound bites are getting shorter, when instant messages crowd out essays, and when individual lives grow more frenzied, college graduates capable of deep reflection are what our world needs. For all these reasons I believed and I believe even more strongly today in the unique and irreplaceable mission of universities.英译中练习2There are few words which are used more loosely than the word 'civilization'. What does it mean? It means a society based upon the opinion of civilians. It means that violence, the rule of warriors and despotic chiefs, the conditions of camps and warfare, of riot and tyranny, give place to parliaments where laws are made, and independent courts of justice in which over long periods those laws are maintained. That is civilization and in its soil grow continually freedom, comfort and culture. When civilization reigns in any country, a wider and less harassed life is afforded to the masses of the people, the traditions of the past are cherished, and the inheritance bequeathed to us by former wise or valiant men becomes a rich estate to be enjoyed and used by all.英译中练习3In a calm sea every man is a pilot.But all sunshine without shade, all pleasure without pain, is not life at all. Take the lot of the happiest - it is a tangled yarn. Bereavements and blessings, one following another, make us sad and blessed by turns. Even death itself makes life more loving. Men come closest to their true selves in the sober moments of life, under the shadows of sorrow and loss.In the affairs of life or of business, it is not intellect that tells so much as character, not brains so much as heart, not genius so much as self-control, patience, and discipline, regulated by judgment.I have always believed that the man who has begun to live more seriously within begins to live more simply without. In an age of extravagance and waste, I wish I could show to the world how few the real wants of humanity are.To regret one's errors to the point of not repeating them is true repentance. There is nothing noble in being superior to some other man. The true nobility is in being superior to your previous self.英译中练习4Birds and DeathThe bird, however hard the frost may be, flies briskly to his customary roosting-place, and, with beak tucked into hiswing, falls asleep. He has no apprehensions; only the hot blood grows colder and colder, the pulse feebler as he sleeps, and at midnight, or in the early morning, he drops from his perch---death.Yesterday he lived and moved, responsive to a thousand external influences, reflecting earth and sky in his small brilliant brain as in a looking-glass; also he had a various language, the inherited knowledge of his race, the faculty of flight, by means of which he could shoot, meteor-like, across the sky, and pass swiftly from place to place; and with it such perfect control over all his organs, such marvelous certitude in all his motions, as to be able to drop himself plumb down from the tallest tree-top , or out of the void air , on to a slender spray , and scarcely cause its leaves to tremble . Now , on this morning , he lies stiff and motionless ; if you were to take him up and drop him from your hand , he would fall to the ground like a stone or a lump of clay-so easy and swift is the passage from life to death in wild nature! But he was never miserable英译中练习5Hour in the SunJohn H.Bradley"…I was rich,if not in money,in sunny hours and summer days."--Henry David ThoreauWhen Thoreau wrote that line,he was thinking of the Walden.Pond he knew as a boy.Woodchoppers and the Iron Horse had not yet greatly damaged the beauty of its setting.A boy could go to the pond and lie on his back against the seat of a boat,lazily drfiting from shore to shore while the loons dived and the swallows dipped around him.Thoreau loved to recall such sunny hours and summer days"when idleness was the most attractive and productive business."I too was a boy in love with a pond,rich in sunny hours and summer days.Sun and summer are still what the always were,but the boy and the pond changed.The boy,who is now a man,no longer finds much time for idle drifting.The pond has been annexed by a great city.The swamps where herons once hunted are now drained and filled with hourses .The bay where water lilies quietly floated is now a harbor for motor boats.In short,everything that the boy loved no longer exists-- except in the man's memory of it.英译中练习6The old lady had always been proud of the great rose-tree in her garden, and was fond of telling how it had grown from a cutting she had brought years before from Italy, when she was first married. She and her husband had been travelling back in their carriage from Rome （it was before the time of railways ）and on a bad piece of road south of Siena they had broken down, and had been forced to pass the night in a little house by the road-side. The accommodation was wretched of course; she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn. She could still, after all these years, remember the blue mountains with the bright moon above them, and how a far-off town on one of the peaks had gradually grown whiter and whiter, till the moon faded, the mountains were touched with the pink of the rising sun, and suddenly the town was lit as by an illumination, one window after another catching and reflecting the sun's beam, till at last the whole little city twinkled and sparkled up in the sky like a nest of stars英译中练习7Some people insist that only today and tomorrow matter.But how much poorer we would be if we really lived by that rule! So much of what we do today is frivolous and futile and soon forgotten.So much of what we hope to do tomorrow never happens.The past is the bank in which we store our most valuable possession: the memories that give meaning and depth to our lives.Those who truly treasure the past will not bemoan the passing of the good old days,because days enshrined in memory are never lost.Death itself is powerless to still a remembered voice or erase a remembered smile.And for one boy who is now a man, there is a pond which neither time nor tide can change,where he can still spend a quiet hour in the sun.英译中练习1参考译文科技进步正在使我们能够探索宇宙的边陲、物质最基本的成分及生命的奇迹。

全国英语专业八级考试（TEM8）的翻译部分（汉译英）原文全文如下：得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道，一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，我顿感打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。

一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。

我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片繁华，自己的哥姐，堂表弟兄，也穿插其间，个个喜气洋洋。

一霎时，一阵被人摒弃，为世所遗的悲愤兜上心头，禁不住痛哭起来。

阅学生之译文，笔者发现有一个问题值得我们教师注意，即如何在动笔翻译前，能迅速正确地确定英译的主语。

如：1. 得病以前，我受父母宠爱，在家中横行霸道。

学生译文（以下简称“学译”）：Before the illness，I was much petted by parents，doing everything at will in the home.学译：Before I became ill，I have received all the favor of my parents，just like a little tyrant at home.参考译文：Before I fell ill，I had been the bully under our roofs owing to my doting parents.我们知道，汉语表达大多为“意合”结构，结构松散，以一个一个看似并列的短句“拼凑而成，彼此逻辑关系不明显；但英语则不同于汉语，它是形合语言，非常讲究句子内部的逻辑关系的”外化“，所谓”外化“，即，使用Connectives 来表现其逻辑关系。

我国译界有一个著名比喻：汉语句子的结构像”竹竿“，是一节接一节的；而英语句子则像”葡萄“，主干很短，而”挂“在上面的附加成分则很多。

可以说，汉译英的过程，是一个由”竹竿“向”葡萄“转换的过程。

首先要确定”一节接一节“的汉语句子，选其中的哪一节为英句的”（葡萄）主干“。

英语专八翻译试题及答案一、翻译试题（英译汉）原文：In the past few decades, the rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes to our lives. The advent of the internet and smartphones has transformed the way we communicate, work, and learn. However, this progress has also led to some unintended consequences, such as the decline in face-to-face interactions and the proliferation of misinformation.要求：1. 将上述英文原文翻译成中文。

2. 翻译应准确、流畅，符合汉语表达习惯。

3. 注意保持原文的语境和语义。

二、翻译试题（汉译英）原文：随着全球化的深入发展，跨国公司在世界经济中扮演着越来越重要的角色。

它们不仅促进了国际贸易和投资，还推动了技术交流和文化交流。

要求：1. 将上述中文原文翻译成英文。

2. 翻译应准确、自然，符合英语表达习惯。

3. 注意使用恰当的词汇和句式。

三、参考答案（一）英译汉参考答案：在过去的几十年里，科技的快速发展给我们的生活带来了显著的变化。

互联网和智能手机的出现改变了我们的交流、工作和学习方式。

然而，这种进步也导致了一些意料之外的后果，比如面对面交流的减少和错误信息的泛滥。

（二）汉译英参考答案：With the deepening development of globalization,multinational companies are playing an increasingly important role in the world economy. They not only promoteinternational trade and investment but also drive the exchange of technology and culture.四、评分标准1. 翻译准确性：译文应忠实原文，不得有遗漏或添加。

专业英语八级翻译-英译汉(二)(总分100,考试时间90分钟)TRANSLATIONENGLISH TO CHINESE1. The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher, Anne Mansfield Sullivan, came to me. I am filled with wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrast between the two lives which it connects. It was the third of March, 1887, three months before I was seven years old. On the afternoon of that eventful day, I stood on the porch, dumb, expectant. I guessed vaguely from my mother's signs and from the hurrying to and from in the house that something unusual was about to happen, so I went to the door and waited on the steps. The afternoon sun penetrated the mass of honeysuckle that covered the porch and fell on my upturned face. My fingers lingered almost unconsciously on the familiar leaves and blossoms which had **e forth to greet the sweet southern spring. I did not know what the future held of marvel or surprise for me. Anger and bitterness had preyed upon me continually for weeks and a deep languor had succeeded this passionate struggle. Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible white darkness shut you in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line, and you waited with beating heart for something to happen? I was like that ship before my education began, only I was **pass or sounding-line, and had no way of knowing how near the harbor was. "Light! Give me light!" was the wordless cry of my soul, and the light of love shone on me in that very hour.2. Next morning, four words from the book—"take the long view" —were still in my mind. At my desk, I had a long-view look at my problems. Once more, super-slow reading had given me not only pleasure but perspective, and helped me in my everyday affairs. I discovered its worth years ago...previously, if I had been really interested in a book, I would race from page to page, eager to know what came next. Now, I decided, I had to become a miser with words and stretch every sentence like a poor man spending his last dollar. I had started with the practical object of making my book last. But by the end of the second week I began to realize how much I was getting from super-slow-reading itself. Sometimes just a particular phrase caught my attention, sometimes a sentence. I would read it slowly, analyze it, read it again—perhaps changing down into an even lower gear—and then sit for 20 minutes thinking about it before moving on. I was like a pianist studying a piece of music, phrase by phrase, rehearsing it, trying to discover and recreate exactly what **poser was trying to convey.3. The old man would surely be proud. This week some 300 representatives, from 35 different countries, gathered in Beijing's Great Hall of the People for the first-ever Confucius Instituteconference. This was no philosophical pow-wow, but the world's largest-ever conference on teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Confucius Institutes are China's answer to the Alliance Francaise, Germany's Goethe Institute and the British Council, and officials hope they will help meet a growing global demand for Chinese-language education. Confucius Institutes have got off to a roaring start. The first was established in Tashkent in Uzbekistan in June 2004, the 75th in Cracow in Poland exactly two years later. No other Chinese international franchise has done as well. Officially, they are overseen by Hanban, the agency charged by the Education Ministry with promoting the teaching of Chinese overseas. But Hanban's staff of only around 50 can barely cope with the volume of applications, on top of its other duties which include administering Hanyu Shuipin Kaoshi, the standard test of proficiency in Chinese.4. Pete Sampras started playing tennis young and makes no plans to stop anytime soon. The man who has a calm demeanor, boyish shyness and the looks of a star proves again and again what so many players, critics and fans can't deny: he can win, and always does. In 1990, when Sampras was only 19 years old and seeded twelfth in the U.S. Open, he slammed his way into the finals and became the youngest man to win the tournament. And we all knew after that first Grand Slam victory there would be no looking back. Over the years, the quiet giant has gone on to win eleven more Grand Slams: 6 Wimbledons, three more U.S. Opens, and two Australian Opens. Sampras's most beloved titles **e on the grasses of the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club. In 1993, he won his first Wimbledon title, and since that year, has gotten to and won in every final, except for a quarterfinal defeat by in 1996. He is the winningest man at Wimbledon in the Open Era and is one championship away from tying the all time record of seven titles that was set in the late 1800s. The historic grounds of Wimbledon and the intimate Center Court has become a home to Sampras, a "cathedral" as he once said. His undeniably flawless grass-court tennis game has made him the best tennis player of his time, and he will undoubtedly go down in the history books as the greatest.5. Yes, the young Americans are energetic, ambitious, enterprising, and good, but their talents and interests and money thrust them not into books and ideas and history and civics, but into a whole other realm and other consciousness. A different social life and a different mental life have formed among them. Technology has bred it, but the result doesn't tally with the fulsome descriptions of digital empowerment, global awareness, and **munities. Instead of opening young American minds to the stores of civilization and science and politics, technology has contracted their horizon to themselves, to the social scene around them. Young people have never been so intensely mindful of and present to one another, and so enabled in adolescent contact. Teen images and songs, hot gossip and games, and youth-to-**munications no longer limited by time or space wrap them up in a generational cocoon reaching all the way into their bedrooms. The autonomy has a cost: the more they attend to themselves, the less they remember the past and envision a future. They have all the advantages of modernity and democracy, but when the gifts of life lead to social joys, not intellectual labor, the minds of the young plateau at age of 18.。

专八汉译英真题及参考答案专八汉译英真题及参考答案随着全球化的发展，汉语的重要性日益凸显。

越来越多的人开始学习汉语，希望能够在国际交流中更好地表达自己。

而专八汉译英考试就是对学习者汉语水平的一次全面考核。

下面将介绍一些专八汉译英的真题及参考答案，希望能够对大家备考有所帮助。

真题一：中国的改革开放政策为国家的经济发展带来了巨大的变化。

中国的经济从闭关锁国走向开放，吸引了大量的外国投资和技术。

这一政策的成功也使中国成为世界上最大的出口国之一。

参考答案一：China's reform and opening-up policy has brought about tremendous changes to the country's economic development. China's economy has transitioned from being closed to the outside world to being open, attracting a large amount of foreign investment and technology. The success of this policy has also made China one of the world's largest exporters.真题二：中国的文化遗产丰富多样，包括传统建筑、绘画、音乐、舞蹈和文学等。

这些文化遗产不仅代表了中国人民的智慧和创造力，也是世界文化宝库中的瑰宝。

参考答案二：China's cultural heritage is rich and diverse, including traditional architecture, painting, music, dance, and literature, among others. These cultural treasuresnot only represent the wisdom and creativity of the Chinese people but also contribute to the world's cultural treasury.真题三：中国的环境问题日益严重，污染和资源浪费成为了亟待解决的难题。

126专八翻译练习汉译英50篇及参考译文Translate the underlined part of the text into English.1．在兽类中我最爱虎，在虎的故事中我最爱下面的一个。

深山中有一所古庙，几个和尚在那里过着单调的修行生活。

同他们做朋友的，除了有时上山来的少数乡下人外，就是几只猛虎。

虎不惊扰僧人，却替他们守护庙宇。

作为报酬，和尚把一些可吃的东西放在庙门前。

每天傍晚，夕阳染红小半个天空，虎们成群地走到庙门口，吃了东西，跳跃而去。

庙门大开，僧人们安然在庙内做他们的日课，也没有谁出去看虎怎样吃东西，即使偶尔有一二和尚立在门前，虎们亦视为平常的事情，把他们看做熟人，不去惊动，却斯斯文文地吃完走开。

如果看不见僧人，虎就发出几声长啸，随着几阵风飞腾而去。

2．光绪二十六年，八国联军攻占北京。

慈禧太后弃城而走，一直逃到西安。

和谈开始后，她并未马上返回北京。

起初，外国列强的要求里面有一项是让慈禧太后退位，由光绪帝重新执掌朝廷。

不过，在与李鸿章多次会谈后，他们放弃了这一要求。

第二年正式签署和约，随后过了一个月慈禧才终于从西安动身。

她对外国人万分惧怕，正像她对国人无比傲慢一样。

她在河南停留了很长一段时间，到了保定又逗留多日，好不容易才回到北京。

据野史记载，在这漫长的旅途中还发生了一件趣事。

一位地方官员送给慈禧一只猴子，她颇为高兴，竟下旨给那只猴子穿黄马褂。

后来太监报告说，有的官员发出了“人不如猴”的感慨，慈禧这才发现自己的决定有些荒唐，于是又下旨给随行官员每人一件黄马褂。

得到这殊荣之后，大家真不知道该感谢慈禧还是感谢那只猴子。

3. 中国对香港的政策是“一国两制”，这个原则不仅对香港经济发展有利，而且和中国本身的利益也是一致的。

我们不想使香港政府在过渡时期无法正常行使其职能，恰恰相反，我们希望它能有效地管理香港的事务，中英联合声明和建造新机场的谅解备忘录就是最好的保证。

至于1997年以后的，全国人民大会已通过了《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》。