GRUB2及启动过程详解
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GRUB2及启动过程详解
作者: 南瓜剪子
2016年7月28日
1. 概述 ............................................................................................................................................ 2
2. CentOS7中GRUB2 ..................................................................................................................... 2
3. GRUB2 的 bootstrap image文件 .............................................................................................. 3
3.1. boot.img ............................................................................................................................ 3
3.2. diskboot.img ...................................................................................................................... 4
3.3. kernel.img .......................................................................................................................... 4
3.4. core.img ............................................................................................................................. 4
3.5. *.mod ................................................................................................................................. 4
4. 对比GRUB Legacy ...................................................................................................................... 5
4.1. stage1 ................................................................................................................................ 5
4.2. *_stage1_5 ........................................................................................................................ 5
4.3. stage2 ................................................................................................................................ 5
5. grub2-mkimage定制core.img ................................................................................................... 6
6. GRUB2安装 ................................................................................................................................ 7
6.1. Linux是怎么命名设备(/dev/sda) ..................................................................................... 7
6.2. MBR(Master Boot Record) ................................................................................................. 8
6.3. MBR分区表DPT(Disk Partition Table) ........................................................................... 10
6.4. LBA and CHS..................................................................................................................... 14
6.4.1. CHS(cylinders-heads-sectors) ................................................................................ 14
6.4.2. LBA(Logical Block Address) .................................................................................... 14
6.5. boot.img和core.img安装 ............................................................................................. 15
6.6. 硬盘总结 ........................................................................................................................ 18
7. 启动过程................................................................................................................................... 19
7.1. BIOS ................................................................................................................................. 19
7.2. GRUB2中boot.img ......................................................................................................... 20
7.2.1. Step1无条件跳转 ................................................................................................ 20
7.2.2. Step2 初始化 ....................................................................................................... 20
7.2.3. Step3 判断硬盘是否支持LBA还是只支持CHS ................................................ 22
7.2.4. Step4 采用LBA加载core.img第一个扇区 ....................................................... 23
7.2.5. Step5 拷贝core.img第一个扇区到内存指定位置 ............................................ 25
7.2.6. Step6 执行core.img第一条语句 ....................................................................... 27
7.2.7. Step7 boot.img总结 ............................................................................................. 27
7.3. GRUB2中core.img.......................................................................................................... 28
7.3.1. diskboot.img .......................................................................................................... 28
7.3.2. GRUB2 core Startup .............................................................................................. 34
7.3.3. GRUB主函数即GRUB主要功能 ......................................................................... 37