变速恒频双馈风力发电机组变桨控制系统研究与实现

变速恒频双馈风力发电机组变桨控制系统研究与实现

I / 43 摘 要

以计算机入手，采用先进的S7-300型PLC为心核控制器硬件设计，利用MCGS组态软件进行控制器设计，通过完善的软件与硬件相结合，设计了一种变速恒频双馈风力发电机组变桨控制系统。在风力发电系统中，变桨距控制技术关系到风力发电机组的安全可靠运行，影响风力机的使用寿命，通过控制桨距角使输出功率平稳、减小转矩振荡、减小机舱振荡，不但优化了输出功率，而且有效的降低的噪音，稳定发电机的输出功率，改善桨叶和整机的受力状况。变桨距风力发电机比定桨距风力发电机具有更好的风能捕捉特性，现代的大型风力发电机大多采用变桨距控制。本文针对国外某知名风电公司液压变桨距风力机，采用可编程控制器(PLC)作为风力发电机的变桨距控制器。这种变桨控制器具有控制方式灵活，编程简单，抗干扰能力强等特点。

关键词：变速恒频，变桨控制，PLC，风力发电

变速恒频双馈风力发电机组变桨控制系统研究与实现

II / 43 ABSTRACT

To start the computer, using advanced PLC S7-300 type nuclear controller hardware

design for the heart, using the configuration software MCGS controller design, by improving

the software and hardware to design a variable speed constant frequency wind power unit

pitch control system. In the wind power system, variable pitch control technology related to

wind turbines safe and reliable operation, affected the life of wind turbine by controlling the

pitch angle so that the output power stable, reducing the torque oscillation, reduce cabin

vibration, not only optimize the output power, and effectively reduce the noise, stable output

power generators to improve the blade and the stress state of the whole machine. Pitch than

the fixed pitch wind turbine wind turbines to capture wind energy with better features, most

modern large-scale wind turbines with pitch control. In this paper, a well-known foreign

companies wind power hydraulic variable pitch wind turbine, using programmable logic

controller (PLC) as a wind turbine pitch controller. This pitch control mode controller with a

flexible, programming is simple, and strong anti-interference characteristics.

Key words: VSCF，Pitch control，PLC，Wind power

变速恒频双馈风力发电机组变桨控制系统研究与实现

III / 43 目 录

1绪论 .......................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1文献综述 ........................................................................................................................................ 1

1.2风力发电机的历史与现状 ........................................................................................................ 3

1.3选题背景及其意义 ...................................................................................................................... 5

2变桨控制系统工作原理 ................................................................................................................ 7

2.1变桨控制 ........................................................................................................................................ 7

2.2角距控制系统 ............................................................................................................................... 9

2.3变浆控制功能模块设计 ............................................................................................................ 9

3 FC-2A风速传感器的介绍 ........................................................................................................ 12

3.1 FC-2A风速传感器 ................................................................................................................... 12

3.2 FC-2A风速传感器结构 .......................................................................................................... 13

3.3现场安装调试及使用 ............................................................................................................... 13

4 PLC控制系统的介绍 ................................................................................................................... 15

4.1 PLC的概述 ................................................................................................................................. 15

4.2西门子S7-300的选择原因及主要模块介绍 .................................................................... 18

4.3模拟值的表示 ............................................................................................................................. 21

4.4 PLCS7-300的模块选择及其介绍 ........................................................................................ 22

5系统设计.............................................................................................................................................. 24

5.1 I/O对照表 ................................................................................................................................... 24

5.2系统流程图 ................................................................................................................................. 24

5.3硬件接线图 ................................................................................................................................. 24

5.4序实现说明 ................................................................................................................................. 24