2013年秋季学期考试科目：植物生物学（双语）学院：海洋生命学院试卷类型：B 卷命题人: 宫相忠审核人：________ 考试说明：本课程为闭卷考试，共___页，除考场规定的必需用品外还可携带的文具有______________。
(或：本课程为开卷考试，共____页，除考场规定的必需用品外还可携带文具和资料有____________。)
Biology of Plants-Final Exam Paper
一、Give Definition of the Following Botanical Terms (Ten Terms With 40 Points, 4 Points Each One)
1、Plurilocular sporangia
2、Clamp connections
3、Archegonia
4、Protonema
5、Sorus
6、Leptosporangium
7、Ovuliferous scales 8、Carpel
9、Embryo sac 10、Hypogynous flower
二、Essay Questions (60 points)
1、Describe the three types of sexual reproduction in algae, based on gamete form.
(10 points)
2、How is a sporophyte different from a gametophyte, and what is meant by the term “alternation
of generations”? (10 points)
3、What are the principal components of the endomembrane system, and what role does each play
in that system? (10 points)
4、How do simple tissues differ from complex tissues? Give example of each. (10 points)
5、Distinguish between the following: endodermal cells/passage cells; endodermis/ exodermis;
protoxylem/metaxylem. Structurally, what are the principal differences between the primary structure of monocot roots and that of other angiosperm roots? (10 points)
6、What three basic types of organization are found in the primary structure of the stems of seed
plants? What structural differences between the leaves of monocots and those of other angiosperms? (10 points)
参考答案
一、Please give definition of the following botanical terms (Ten terms with 40 points, 4 points each one)
1.Plurilocular sporangia Plurilocular sporangia can be found on the sporophytes of some species of brown algae, which form diploid zoospores that produce new sporophytes.
2.Clamp connections In the Basidiomycota, a lateral connection between adjacent cells of a dikaryotic hypha; ensures that each cell of the hypha will contain two dissimilar nuclei.
3.Archegonia Multicellular structure in which a single egg is produced; found in the
bryophytes and some vascular plants.
4. Protonema The first stage in development of the gametophyte of mosses and certain
liverworts; protonema may be filamentous or platelike.
5. Sorus A group or cluster of sporangia or spores in ferns.
6. Leptosporangium A sporangium that arises from a single initial cell and whose wall is
composed of a single layer of cells.
7.Ovuliferous scales In certain conifers, the appendage or scalelike shoot to which the ovule
is attached.
8.Carpel One of the members of gynoecium, or inner floral whorl; each carpel encloses one or
more ovules. One or more carpels form a gynoecium.
9.Embryo sac The female gametophyte of angiosperms, generally an eight-nucleate,
seven-celled structure; the seven cells are the egg cell, two synergids and three antipodals (each with a single nucleus), and the central cell (with two nuclei).
10.Hypogynous flower In terms of their points of insertion, the perianth and stamens are said
to be hypogynous-situated on the receptacle beneath the ovary and free from it and from the calyx.
三、Essay Questions (60 points)
1. Describe the three types of sexual reproduction in algae, based on gamete form.
(10 points)
