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调查报告的英语作文英文回答：Based on the research, I've found that the optimal response to my prompt requires a multifaceted approach.Firstly, it is crucial to understand the target audience. By tailoring the message to resonate with their demographics, psychographics, and needs, you caneffectively capture their attention and evoke a desired response.Furthermore, the choice of communication channel is paramount. Depending on the target audience, selecting the right platform — whether it's social media, email, or traditional advertising — ensures that the message reaches its intended recipients.Additionally, it is essential to craft a compelling narrative. By presenting the information in a clear andconcise manner that is both informative and engaging, you can maintain the audience's interest and drive them towards the desired action.Lastly, it is vital to measure and evaluate the impactof your message. By tracking key metrics such as engagement, click-through rates, and conversions, you can gauge the effectiveness of your communication and make necessary adjustments to optimize future campaigns.中文回答：在进行研究后，我发现对我的提示做出最佳回应需要一种多方面的策略。
消防器材采购调研报告范文（中英文版）英文文档内容：Title: Firefighting Equipment Procurement Research Report Sample Introduction:This research report aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the firefighting equipment procurement process.It explores various aspects such as market trends, supplier selection, product specifications, pricing, and delivery timelines.The report is intended to assist organizations in making informed decisions regarding the procurement of firefighting equipment.1.Market Trends:The report identifies the current market trends in firefighting equipment procurement.It highlights the growing demand for advanced technology-driven solutions, such as smart fire suppression systems and remote monitoring capabilities.Additionally, the report notes the increasing focus on sustainability and environmental friendliness in firefighting equipment.2.Supplier Selection:The research report provides insights into the selection criteria for choosing the right supplier.It emphasizes the importance of assessing supplier reputation, product quality, after-sales service, and technicalsupport.The report also suggests conducting thorough market research to identify potential suppliers and comparing their offerings to make an informed decision.3.Product Specifications:The report outlines the essential specifications for firefighting equipment.It includes details about the types of equipment available, such as fire extinguishers, hoses, nozzles, breathing apparatus, and thermal imaging cameras.The report also highlights the importance of compliance with international standards and regulations.4.Pricing:The research report analyzes the pricing strategies of various suppliers.It considers factors such as product quality, brand reputation, and market competition.The report建议organizations to obtain multiple quotes from different suppliers to negotiate the best possible price.5.Delivery Timelines:The report provides insights into the delivery timelines for firefighting equipment.It factors in lead times, production capacity, and logistical constraints.The research建议organizations to communicate their requirements clearly to suppliers and establish realistic delivery timelines.Conclusion:In conclusion, this firefighting equipment procurement researchreport provides a valuable resource for organizations looking to purchase firefighting equipment.By considering the market trends, supplier selection criteria, product specifications, pricing strategies, and delivery timelines, organizations can make well-informed decisions to ensure the safety and protection of their facilities.中文文档内容：标题：消防器材采购调研报告范例引言：本调研报告旨在全面分析消防器材采购过程。
第三单元调查报告作文英文回答：In the third unit of our survey report, we conducted a comprehensive study on the use of social media among teenagers. The purpose of this survey was to understand the impact of social media on teenagers' mental health andwell-being. We collected data from 500 teenagers aged 13-18 and analyzed their social media usage patterns, the type of content they engage with, and the effects on their mental health.Our findings revealed that 90% of teenagers use social media on a daily basis, with the majority spending an average of 3-4 hours per day on various social media platforms. Instagram and Snapchat were the most popular platforms among the participants. The most commonactivities included posting photos, watching videos, and interacting with friends through comments and likes.Furthermore, we found that a significant number of teenagers reported feelings of anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem as a result of their social media usage. The pressure to conform to unrealistic beauty standards, fearof missing out (FOMO), and cyberbullying were identified as major contributors to these negative emotions.In conclusion, our survey highlights the need for parents, educators, and policymakers to address thenegative impact of social media on teenagers' mental health. It is crucial to promote digital literacy and teach teenagers how to use social media responsibly. Additionally, creating a supportive and open environment for teenagers to discuss their feelings and experiences with social media is essential for their well-being.中文回答：在我们的调查报告的第三单元中，我们对青少年使用社交媒体的情况进行了全面的研究。
写调查报告例文的作文英文回答：Survey Report Example.Introduction.A survey report is a document that presents thefindings of a survey. It typically includes information about the survey's purpose, methods, results, and conclusions.Purpose of the Survey.The purpose of a survey is to gather information from a group of people. This information can be used to make decisions about products, services, or policies.Methods.There are many different methods that can be used to conduct a survey. Some of the most common methods include:Mail surveys: Questionnaires are sent to a sample of people by mail.Telephone surveys: Questions are asked over the phone.Online surveys: Questionnaires are completed online.In-person surveys: Questions are asked face-to-face.Results.The results of a survey are typically presented in tables and graphs. These results can be used to identify trends and patterns.Conclusions.The conclusions of a survey are a summary of the findings. These conclusions can be used to make decisionsabout products, services, or policies.中文回答：调查报告范文。
大学生英语动机调查报告英语作文A Survey Report on English Learning Motivation among University StudentsHi everyone! My name is Emma and I'm going to tell you all about a super interesting survey I did on why university students want to learn English. It was for my big sister's research project at university. I went around asking lots of university students questions and recorded what they said. Then I put all the answers together to see what motivated them to study English. Let me tell you what I found out!First of all, I asked the students if they enjoyed learning English or if they found it boring and difficult. Most of them said they actually really liked learning English! They thought it was a very useful language to know and they felt a sense of accomplishment when they could understand English books, movies, or conversations. A few students did say English grammar was very confusing though. One guy named Michael told me "All the tenses, plurals, and sentence structures can really make my head spin sometimes!"But even the students who found English difficult said they knew it was important to keep studying it hard. When I askedwhy learning English was important to them, I got a bunch of different reasons:A lot of the students wanted to learn English to help them get good jobs in the future. They said knowing English makes you a better candidate and gives you more opportunities in business, technology, science, and many other fields. Speaking only one language these days just isn't enough.Some students were really interested in English because they loved American and British music, movies, TV shows, books, and pop culture. They told me learning English allowed them to fully understand and appreciate all those forms of entertainment without having to rely on subtitles or translations. It helped bring the art and stories to life for them.Other students were motivated by a desire to travel internationally. They wanted to be able to communicate smoothly when visiting other countries. They didn't want language barriers to hold them back from experiencing different cultures to the fullest. A few students specifically said they hoped to go to graduate school abroad one day, so speaking English fluently was essential for that goal.Then there were the students who basically just found English to be a beautiful, universal language that allowed themto connect with people all over the world. They really enjoyed being able to make friends from other countries and have deep conversations to share perspectives. A philosophy student named Julia put it this way: "English opens up so many doors for communicating profound ideas and developing a true understanding of human nature across cultures."No matter what their specific reasons were, pretty much all the university students I talked to were motivated to learn English by the opportunities it created for their future careers, experiences, relationships, and personal growth. Even when they hit challenging roadblocks with grammar or vocabulary, their drive to keep pushing forward was impressive.One of my big takeaways from this survey was that university is a pivotal time when young people start really thinking about their goals and aspirations for life after graduation. English profiency plays such a huge role in being able to access those future dreams on a global level. It's not just a boring school subject, but a gateway skill that determines just how open those doors of opportunity will be.Personally, after doing this survey and seeing how passionate these students were about English, I feel way more motivated now to keep working hard on it myself. Who knowswhat incredible places english could one day help me go or the amazing people I could meet? I just have to stick with it through the tough parts.Well, that's the full scoop on what I discovered about university students' motivations for learning English. It was really cool getting to hear so many different perspectives. Hopefully hearing their stories inspired you guys as much as it inspired me! Learning English can be challenging for sure, but it's an adventure that leads to all kinds of awesome life experiences. What motivates you to keep studying it?。
文件编号：GD/FS-1453（报告范本系列）评估调研报告详细版The Short-Term Results Report By Individuals Or Institutions At Regular Or Irregular Times, Including Analysis, Synthesis, Innovation, Etc., Will Eventually Achieve Good Planning For TheFuture.编辑：_________________单位：_________________日期：_________________评估调研报告详细版提示语：本报告文件适合使用于个人或机构组织在定时或不定时情况下进行的近期成果汇报，表达方式以叙述、说明为主，内容包含分析，综合，新意，重点等，最终实现对未来的良好规划。
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一、我院给水排水专业基本情况分析1 招生情况相比较调研院校，我校给水排水专业招生人数较少，年平均低于60名。
在目前良好的就业形势和学院较好的师资配备条件下，适当考虑专业扩招。
2 师资情况我校市政学科专职教师11人，高级职称8人，博士8位，在读博士2位。
与调研学校对照情况如下图。
3 实验室使用面积、资产及实验开设情况我校给水排水实验室新建面积400余平米，新购置设备总资产150万元，相比原有实验室面积狭小，设备陈旧的现状有了明显的改善，但与调研院校相比较，实验室资源仍旧有限。
目前开设实验课不能满足专业指导委员会教学大纲要求，实验开出率仅为50%，实验类型单一，除开设少量操作和演示实验外，综合实验和设计实验的缺乏导致实验教学缺乏特色。
在新建实验室落成和新增设备到位的情况下，教学状况将有所改善，但由于实验项目增多，学生小组化，为确保每个学生都有动手操作的机会，实验药品、玻璃器材等消耗必然增加，建议增加实验教学经费投入。
第三单元作文研究报告英文回答：In the third unit research report, I learned a lot about the importance of environmental protection and the impact of human activities on the environment. For example, I learned about the concept of carbon footprint, which represents the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted directly or indirectly by human activities. This made me realize that even small everyday actions, such as driving a car or using electricity, can contribute to carbon emissions and climate change.I also learned about the concept of sustainable development, which emphasizes the need to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. This concept really resonated with me, as it made me think about how our actions today can have long-term consequences for the planet and future generations.中文回答：在第三单元的研究报告中，我学到了很多关于环境保护的重要性以及人类活动对环境的影响。
调查报告作文精选英文回答：As a student majoring in sociology, I recently conducted a survey on the impact of social media on young people. I chose this topic because I am personallyinterested in how social media affects our daily lives. I distributed questionnaires to 200 young people aged between 18 and 25 and conducted interviews with a few of them to gather more in-depth insights.From the survey results, it is evident that socialmedia has a significant impact on the lives of young people. Many of the respondents mentioned that they spend several hours a day on social media platforms such as Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter. They also admitted that they often compare their lives to those of others based on what they see on social media, which can lead to feelings of inadequacy and low self-esteem.Furthermore, the interviews I conducted revealed that social media has both positive and negative effects. For example, one interviewee mentioned that she was able to connect with friends and family who live far away through social media, which brought her a sense of comfort and belonging. On the other hand, another interviewee expressed concerns about the negative impact of social media on mental health, citing instances of cyberbullying and online harassment.Overall, my research findings suggest that social media has become an integral part of young people's lives, shaping their perceptions and behaviors in various ways. It is crucial for us to understand the implications of excessive social media use and to find ways to promote a healthier relationship with these platforms.中文回答：作为一名主修社会学的学生，我最近进行了一项关于社交媒体对年轻人影响的调查。
关于食品药品安全监管情况的调研报告文档2篇Investigation report on food and drug safety supervisio n编订：JinTai College关于食品药品安全监管情况的调研报告文档2篇小泰温馨提示：调研报告是以研究为目的，根据社会或工作的需要，制定出切实可行的调研计划，即将被动的适应变为有计划的、积极主动的写作实践，从明确的追求出发，经常深入到社会第一线，不断了解新情况、新问题，有意识地探索和研究，写出有价值的调研报告。
本文档根据调研报告内容要求展开说明，具有实践指导意义，便于学习和使用，本文下载后内容可随意修改调整及打印。
本文简要目录如下：【下载该文档后使用Word打开，按住键盘Ctrl键且鼠标单击目录内容即可跳转到对应篇章】1、篇章1：关于食品药品安全监管情况的调研报告文档2、篇章2：2020关于食品药品安全监管工作情况的调研报告文档篇章1:关于食品药品安全监管情况的调研报告文档主任、各位副主任、秘书长、各位委员：根据常委会工作要点和主任会议安排，8月中旬，市人大常委会副主任严凤英、杨光祺、柳忠武和副巡视员陈良椿带领部分常委会委员、市人大代表对我市食品药品安全监管情况进行了调研。
调研组听取了市人民政府及有关部门关于我市食品药品安全监管情况的汇报，深入三元、沙县、大田、明溪县进行调研，听取了四个县政府及相关部门的情况汇报，实地察看了相关农产品生产企业、食品加工企业、餐饮业和食品、药品流通企业等 40多家。
现受调研组委托报告调研情况。
近年来，市政府认真贯彻落实《药品管理法》、《国务院关于进一步加强食品安全工作的决定》及新出台的《食品安全法》等法律法规和有关规定精神，按照“地方政府负总责、部门分工协作、各方联合行动”的要求，加强领导、强化措施、突出重点、狠抓落实，强化食品药品安全监管工作，进一步规范了食品药品市场秩序，人民群众饮食用药安全得到保障，有效预防了重大食品药品安全事故的发生。
调研报告英语模板引言本文档旨在提供调研报告的英文写作模板，以帮助读者准确有效地呈现调研成果。
调研报告是一种重要的学术文献形式，其目的是将实证研究的结果和结论以清晰、简明的方式呈现给读者。
在写作调研报告时，需要遵循严谨的逻辑框架，突出研究方法、结果和结论，使读者对你的研究成果有一个全面的认知。
研究背景在调研报告的开头部分，需要介绍背景信息，概述你所研究的主题或问题。
此部分的写作应简明扼要，包括以下要素：研究领域、研究范围、研究目的和研究问题。
研究领域（Research Field）：阐述你的研究属于哪个学科或研究领域。
研究范围（Research Scope）：介绍你所研究问题的特定范围。
研究目的（Research Purpose）：概述你的研究意图及目的。
研究问题（Research Question）：突出你的研究重点及要解决的问题。
研究方法在报告的第二部分，需要详细描述你所采用的研究方法及其理论基础。
包括以下要素：研究设计、研究对象、数据采集方式、数据分析方法。
研究设计（Research Design）：介绍你的研究方法、研究范式及其定量研究或定性研究特点等基本问题。
研究对象（Research Subject）: 阐明你所研究的对象，如实验数据、调查问卷、文献等。
数据采集方式（Data Collection）: 描述你的数据来源和采集方式，例如问卷调查、实验测试或文献分析等。
数据分析方法（Data Analysis）: 详细阐述你的分析方法，包括统计分析、质性数据分析或内容分析等。
研究结果在报告的第三部分，需要详细呈现你的研究结果，包括以下要素：数据分析结果和结论。
数据分析结果（Data Analysis Results）: 描述你的数据分析结果，包括统计分析结果、质性分析结果或文本分析结果等详细的数据呈现。
结论（Conclusions）: 根据你的数据分析结果，总结你的调研成果，包括回答研究问题，提出结论及概括你的研究意义和贡献等。
M1432A -universal cylindrical grinderA . Overview of machine toolM1432A Main-universal cylindrical grinder for grinding cylindrical or conical (including ladder) within a cylindrical surface and hole, finished products size accuracy is up to 1~2 level, surface finish up to T8~T10. This machine tool hydraulic pressure system's performance are as follows:1.bench reciprocating motionUniversal cylindrical grinder bench reciprocating motion generally is relatively low, this machine working table in 0.1~0.5m/min stepless speed regulation between and 10~30mm/min , slip-free intensive campaigns to wheel at low speed. Table of commutation process smooth, starting, stopping quickly in order to guarantee and stepped hole grinding on stepped shafts in machine tools, Workbench should have higher precision of the directional in order to prevent sand wheel collision work bench, caused the accident. This speed grinder with directional accuracy (same speed directional precision point location) is not more than 0.03mm, allometric directional accuracy (increase speed from minimum to maximum crossover point position error) is not more than 0.3mm.External grinding wheel on workpiece is generally not beyond, in order to avoid artifacts caused by shorter grinding time at each end size high cylindrical (bore sizes too small), the machine tool table reversing phase ends when there is a short stay, stay for 0~5s, and can be adjusted.This plunge-cut grinding of high-productivity machine can do, how often its bench heading for the Olympics, short-stroke directional control (often called jitter), surface finish and to improve grinding efficiency and wheel wear uniform.In order to ensure safe operation, this machine tool table of hydraulic drive and manual operation can be interlocked.Universal cylindrical grinder bench reciprocating motion requirements are very high, directional performance requirements even more so, this part of the hydraulic system often becomes the core part of the system as a whole, this machine is also clearly reflect this.2.Wheelhead rapid advance and retreatIn order to increase productivity, shorten the time, guarantee the safe operation, loading and unloading or measurement of grinding wheel on workpiece is this machine can quickly retreat. Wheelhead fast forward when there is a high rate of repeat location precision and smooth motion, but when using the internal cylindrical grinding tool can lock fixed to ensure safe operation.3.the hydraulic clamping of tailstock CenterIn order to ensure safe operation, this lathe tailstock on top only in wheelhead exit before it can be released.II . The working principle of hydraulic systemDiagram M1432A -universal cylindrical grinder hydraulic system principle diagram, its role was as follows:1.bench reciprocating motionIn the diagram position, on/off valve e open throttle valve f in opening the maximum position (see A2-A2 section throttle opening), pilot valve c and reversing valve d is in the right position when worktable movement to the right, because the oil flow in the primary circuit is:Oil: pump b→ circuit 1reversing valve → d→ circuit 2 bench hydraulic cylinder Z1 right cavity.Oil Gallery: bench of hydraulic cylinder Z1 left vena → circuit 3reversing valve →d→ oil- 5pilot valve → c→ circuit 6→ on/off valve e A1-A1 section → on/off valve e Axial slot (dashed line in the figure) → on/off valve e B1-B1 section → circuit 14→ throttle f B2-B2 → throttle cross section and axial slot f A2-A2 section on the throttle mouth → fuel tankMovement to a preset position when the table to the right, the. Fixed in the left block of the table through the lever to promote pilot valve c left, right taper gradually brake circuit of the middle section of the pilot valve 5 and 6 between the channel down, benchwhen gradual slowdown, achieving prefabricated. When the bench pushed the pilot valve pilot valve spool to the left on the right side of the ring groove circuit 7 and 9 connecting, the ring grooves on the left circuit 8 and fuel tank is switched on, the control circuit is switched. Pump b fine oil filter A2 to oil into jittery cylinder H1, promote pilot valve quickly moved to the left; the other a one-way valve I2 into the right-side of the reversing valve, push the reversing valve to the left to move. Control the flow of oil in the hydraulic circuit:Valve c→ circuit 9-{→H1{→I2 circuit 13 valve d -right sideOil Gallery: shake cylinder H2→ oil- 8pilot valve → c→ fuel tankThe other hand, the left end of the reversing valve oil passes through three different channels return to the fuel tank, valve d valve core for the first time moved fast, slow and fast for the second time, the procedure is as follows: at the beginning, because the left end of the reversing valve → oil- 8pilot valve → c→ fuel tankBack to the smooth flow of oil, valve core speed is large, fast for the first time. Valve core to move quickly after a short distance, when it first moved to the body sank in the middle of the shoulder kerf when two Chamber of hydraulic cylinder circuit connectivity, worktable rapid cessation of movement, completed the final braking. Directional control valve in the pressure oil moves, when the left-side valve cover oil 8 Shi, returning only through the throttle valve (also called a stop valve)J1 returned tank valve → left side circuit 12→ throttle valve J1→ oil- 8pilot valve → c→ fuel tankValve throttle valve J1 is set to slow-moving at a speed of. In the slow-moving stage, because the body that sank in the middle of cutting slots than shoulder width in the middle on the valve core, two Chamber of hydraulic cylinder circuit continued connected, stay at the reversing point of table, which is anti-stay the endpoint forward (dwell time by throttling valve J1 control 0~5 s adjustment). Finally, when the spool slowly move to their left-side ring groove circuit 10 and 8 is switched on, the valve → left side circuit 12→ oil- 10→ valve d left loop channel pilot valve → c→ fuel tank.Return oil valve core to achieve unimpeded second fast; and the primary circuit is rapidly switching reverse start of table. This is the main oil flow in the circuit are:Oil: pump b→ circuit 1reversing valve → d→ oil- 3→ left Chamber of hydraulic cylinder;Oil: hydraulic cylinder cavity on the right → circuit 2reversing valve → d→ oil- 4pilot valve → c→ circuit 6→ on/off valve e A1-A1 section → on/off valve e B1-B1 section → oil 14 → Throttle f B2-B2 section → throttle f A2-A2 section on the throttle mouth → fuel tankWorktable movement to the left and right after the stopper lever caught it, control circuit switch follow the same procedure in the opposite direction, also reverse switch in the direction of the main feed, bench and movement to the right. So constantly repeated, reciprocating table movement. Adjust the throttle valve f opening size, may make the bench at 0.05~4m/min continuously variable between.When the on/off valve e in "on" position, from circuit 1 on/off valve to pressure oil D1-D1 section and the circuit 15, hydraulic cylinder into the hand mechanism k, promote the piston, a pair of meshing gears disengaged, so when bench reciprocating motion, handwheel does not rotate. When the turn on/off valve to the "on" position, on/off valve B1-B1 section close to the throttle valve f back to the circuit, while its C1-c1 section make the liquid flow back into the tank, piston, gear in spring, Workbench can be manipulated by shaking the balance wheel.2. the wheelhead rapid advance and retreatWheelhead rapid retreat circuit is relatively simple, is through a manual four-port, two-position valve m to manipulate. In order to guarantee fast forward to repeat location precision, prevent shock in the leads to the finish line, in rapid retreat hydraulic cylinder Z2 equipped with buffers, fast forward end position is sustained by the piston to ensure contact with the cylinder head, its repeated position error is not greater than 0.005mm.Manual valve m below, there is a limit switch and a chain of internal and external grinding electro-magnet. When flipping valve m handles the wheel when you fast forward, handle at the same time press the limit switch, the head frame and cooling pump starting. When to turn down when internal cylindrical grinding tool grinding, abrasive pressure following another limit switch so that internal and external grinding of chain electro-magnetic snap, the valve m locking fast forward position, the valve m locking fast forward position, so that the handle could not be pulled, ensures safe operation.3.the hydraulic clamping of tailstock CenterHydraulic tailstock Center only rewind time of grinding wheel can loosen tailstock and hydraulic cylinder • pressure oil from Z2 cavity before, and a pedal-operatedtwo-position three way valve p to manipulate.Damping hole on J7, andJ8 or J9 respectively passes to hand body, screw nut, flat track and v -shaped Rails, etc for lubrication purposes. Lubricating oil through the damp hole is to relieve the pressure, its value by a relief valve G2 control; all lubrication points on the flow required by the throttle valve, respectively.In addition, the hydraulic system have begun to work, plunger cylinder n leads to the pressure oil, piston of the tube on the wheel will wash out on the sidelines of the feed screw-nut pairs to ensure accuracy of the horizontal feed.Three, reversing mechanism of hydraulic system and its performanceUniversal cylindrical grinding machines in order to meet the needs of ladder or stepped bore machining, has very high requirements for commutation of table. Good commutating about reversing the impact of small, directional control precision is high, rushed out of small amount of reversing short residence time is adjustable and directional time five. These indicators are actually contradictory, it is difficult to fully meets the requirements. In General, short switching time, directional control and high precision, rush hour, directional impact on large switching time, reversing the impact hours, directional accuracy will be lower, reversing rushed out to be great. In order to achieve a good commutating ability in addition to reasonable selection of directional control valve, grinder, often using the following measures:1.Pilot valve Work table automatic reversing the simplest mechanism is the use of motorized two-part four-valve, as the first figure in chapter1-3below. This body of shortcomings is bench speed campaign Xia reversing Shi, retaining block promote dial rod with reversing valve valve core moved to middle location Shi will appears"reversing dead center"(bench due to lost power and stop), achieved can't automatically reversing; and bench high-speed campaign Xia reversing Shi also will due to retaining block promote dial Rod makes reversing valve quickly mobile, reversing time had short, hydraulic cylinder coursing pressure suddenly reduced , Coursing directional impact arising from the pressure suddenly increased. Therefore, such institutions are now rarely used on a grinder.When the solenoid valve is, maneuvering the above the first defect (commutation occurs "Dead center") Can be avoided, but the second flaw (directional impact occurs) remain, at the same time, solenoid valves there is reversal often enough, low life expectancy, tend to generate disadvantages such as fault.But using a four-port, two-position the motor slide valve pilot valve, it controlled hydraulic directional control valve with an adjustable to achieve the bench when reversing (figure9－8) All of these shortcomings may be served out. Here, the pilot valve c is used to control valve reversing valve d direction. When the work-bench block touch lever and move the pilot valve to position, pressure oil can still be by directional control valve d into the hydraulic cylinder without reversing the "dead point"; other hand valve reversing valve movement speed can be adjusted through its one-way throttlevalve at each end, Nothing to do with speed of working table, simply turned the right to basically eliminate the reversing impact.2.choice of travel control brake grinder bench directional braking mode istime-controlled and both stroke control. Figure9-8time-controlled reversing loop as shown, which work as follows: when the reversing valve d in the pressure oil moves to the left, right Chamber of hydraulic cylinder oil channel gradually back down, worktable movement gradually slows down, and the spool moves a distance l Return channel after all closed table stop. Here, when adjusting the throttle valve J1openings, under the provisions of the reversing valve d move after speed of movement of the reversing valve •the time required for this distance (even bench braking time) are determined. In the case of no change in viscosity of oil is basically,no matter how the table moving speed this time is basically the same,so this way are called time-controlled braking. Allometric reversing poor precision of time-controlled brake(Because of the greater speed of working table,dashed to the larger amounts),With velocity reversal accuracy is not high(Because the braking time from the effects of other factors, in fact,is not set in stone);This allows to adjust the braking time according to circumstances: When high speed, large weight of table, which is when inertia, and longer brake time turned in favour of the Elimination of the reversing impact; in the opposite case can short it turned up in the interest of efficiency. This shows that the time-controlled brake should be used in reversing the high frequency, requires smooth commutation, no impact, but does not require reversing precision high occasions (for example, on the surface grinder), grinding it out on is obviously not appropriate. Figure9-9formation braking style as shown in the reversing loop here, not only by directional control valve of hydraulic cylinder circuit d but also through the pilot valve c to row back to the fuel tank. The moving diagram bench to the right circumstances, when block touch-action lever, pilot valve c when moving to the left, pilot valve c brake hydraulic cylinder for taper gradually to the right of the right cavity oil Gallery down, braking on the bench, so that gradually reduces its speed. Oil return vents are close to closed (also left a small opening for x), table speed control circuit has become very hour starting to switch, switches the valve moves and achieve the bench began. In this case, regardless of how the table speed, trip pilot valve always moves over a certain (l-x) to bench a small speed of advance braking to almost the same until after reversing valve switch so this way is called the stroke control brake. Brake brake can significantly improve reversing precision for formation, reduce rushed out, but it makes the braking stroke of table remained essentially constant, therefore higher speed of working table, the shorter braking time, reversing the impact more. Universal cylindrical grinding machines, due to the high bench reciprocating motion speed, directional impact is not a contradiction and reversal accuracy is very important, so travel control brake is entirely appropriate.3. the reversing valve segmented variable moves to improve reversing precision, reducing out of the amount, universal cylindrical grinder hydraulic movement of the reversing valve in the system I'd like Figure9-7the first time fast, slow moving and fast for the second time in three phases. This is because the pilot valve brake only reduced its speed to the bench very slowly, unable to make their campaign stops, bench brake also depends on reversing valve is also got middle position make two cavities are turned on when oil pressure of hydraulic cylinder to complete. Figure9-9directional control valve in the circuit has only one speed, under very hour stay requirement reduced the throttle valve opening, valve core will move very slowly, bench brake would be a very long time, to the detriment of dashed out to reduce weight and improve reversing precision. If the valve has a fast phase for the first time, their heart valves can quickly reach the middle position, braking precision can be increased substantially. Practice has proved that taking such measures of allometric directional precision grinder bench from0.7mm up to0.2mm,with speed-raise directional precision to0.03mm.Fast table of the end stop for the first time, reversing valve in the slow-moving, timetable of directional control experienced by the residence time in the process, their length according to the actual need by the stop valve J1J2Adjustment. Stay after the completion of stage II of the reversing valve for fast, rapid reverse start doing this, you help to increase productivity and ensure the quality of grinding.4.The pilot valve fast To further improve reversing precision, grinder bench hydraulic reversing circuit in the of pilot valve also should achieved fast jump, so do on does not in bench mobile speed very slow Shi appears pilot valve valve core also no reached reversing points location and reversing valve valve core has go finished its first times fast jump path makes bench stop campaign, also does not makes bench in low speed Xia reversing Shi appears stay time had long, and reversing slow, phenomenon, Pilot valve start fast but helps to precisely adjust the position of bench when the reversing points, to meet the ladder or stepped bore grinding tool when needed.Pilot valve fast jump also can used to achieved bench of short distance reversing (bench jitter): in has fast jump action of pilot valve Shang, pilot valve a fast jump on will makes valve Shang of main back oil mouth full open, therefore pilot valve valve core as long as slightly deviated from which location, and issued reversing signal on can makes to reversing valve ends of control circuit and main circuit switch, in work Taiwan two a retaining block almost clip live dial rod of situation Xia achieved short distance (1～2mm) Direction. Plunge-cut grinding quality and enhanced the efficiency and wheel wear uniform, is essential.Four characteristics of hydraulic systemThis grinder hydraulic system has the following characteristics:1.fixed two-rod hydraulic cylinder of piston rod, in order to ensure consistent left and right movement speed in both directions, but also reduces the footprint of the machine.2. the structure is simple, cheap and small pressure loss-simple throttle speed control circuit, it transposes speed range is small and the load is small and constant grinding, is entirely appropriate.3. the export-throttling speed control circuit, back pressure in the return oil Chamber of hydraulic cylinder, hydraulic system prevents air infiltration, and the quality of the larger grinder bench speed brake. With regard to stopping and starting again, "former rush", then turn the open stop valve may be slow to improve.4.directional control valve and pilot valves, on/off valve in a hydraulic control box-type structure of the valve body together. It can significantly reduce the total volume of hydraulic components, shortening the valve between the channel length, reducing the number of the tubing and fitting, and improve the performance of the hydraulic system, in addition to manipulation is also more convenient.5.enable the pilot valve fast, enables the valve to achieve a fast, slow moving, fast circuit structure for the second time, so that bench is eligible for a higher precision of the directional control.6.set the jitter cylinder, the bench can do very short flutter, to help ensure a Plunge-cut and stepped shafts (holes) for grinding machining quality.。
