城市轨道交通工程技术专业毕业论文

毕业设计（论文）

题 目：二级公路工程的排水系统的设计

系 部： 公 路 工 程 系

专 业： 城市轨道交通工程技术

2012年 5月 31日 陕西交通职业技术学院

1 二级公路工程的排水系统的设计

摘 要

随着国民经济持续高速增长，我国公路交通状况又产生了明显变化，交通量增长很快，重载卡车数量显著增加，超载车辆比较普遍。新交通状况对路基提出了更高的技术要求。在日后运营过程中对路基损害最严重也是最普遍的便是排水问题，尤其是在南方多雨地区，道路积水以及路面水损坏现象表现得非常的突出。这已成为国内以致国外道路建设的一大难点。所以这是我们在设计过程中就必须要考虑的问题，本文对此作了简单的研究。

关键词：土质边沟设置 矩形边沟设置 涵洞设置

Abstract

The caption with the sustained rapid growth, China's road traffic

conditions to produce a significant change in traffic volume has grown

rapidly, a significant increase in the number of heavy trucks, overloaded

vehicles generally. Higher technical requirements of the new traffic

conditions on the roadbed. The most serious and most common is the drainage

problems on the roadbed damage, especially in the south wetter areas,

roads, water and road water damage phenomenon is very prominent in future

operating process. This has become the domestic foreign road construction

so that a major difficulty. So this is we must be considered in the design

process, this paper briefly studies.

Key words: Soil ditches, rectangular ditches, culverts, evaporation ponds 陕西交通职业技术学院

2

目 录

绪 论 ·······························································································3

1本文主要研究内容以及设计意义 ··························································3

2 排水设计的内容及步骤 ·····································································3

2.1调查与采集数据 ·········································································4

2.2 排水设施布设 ···········································································4

2.3 水文分析·························································· 错误!未定义书签。

2.4 水力计算·························································· 错误!未定义书签。

2.5 结构设计·························································· 错误!未定义书签。

2.6 冲刷防护·························································· 错误!未定义书签。

3 设计背景 ························································································5

3.1 设计背景和当地的地质状况 ·························································5

3.2 主要技术指标以及设计资料 ·························································6

3.3 主要设计规范 ··················································· 错误!未定义书签。

4 设计原则与思路 ······················································ 错误!未定义书签。

4.1设计原则 ··················································································6

4.2设计思路 ··················································································6

5 排水设施的布置 ··············································································6

5.1 土质边沟的设置 ········································································6

5.1.1 土质边沟的形式与设计 ·························································7

5.1.2 本项目中的应用 ··································································7

5.2 矩形边沟的设置 ········································································8

5.2.1 矩形边沟形式与设计 ····························································8

5.2.2 本项目中的应用 ··································································9

5.3 涵洞的设置 ·········································································· 10

5.3.1 涵洞结构形式 ·········································· 错误!未定义书签。

5.3.2 洞身构造 ················································ 错误!未定义书签。

5.3.3 洞口构造 ················································ 错误!未定义书签。

5.3.4 布置 ············································································ 11

5.3.5 进出水口沟床处理 ·························································· 11

5.3.6 本项目中的应用 ····························································· 12

结束语 ···························································································· 13

谢 辞 ····························································································· 14

参考文献 ························································································· 14 陕西交通职业技术学院

3 绪 论

随着我国经济及社会快速进步，基础设施建设也正以前所未有的速度发展，公路建设就是基础建设施建设的重点之一。但是在建设成的公路中往往能够会出现坑槽、沉陷、龟裂等显现，随着雨水的冲刷这种现象也会随着越来越严重，雨水和地下水的冲蚀会导致整个路段的崩溃，排水不畅的沥青路面，其过早破坏通常是由于路面面层结构处于饱水状态下，又通行重载车辆引起的。路面结构层中任何一层处于饱水或泡水状态，都会导致结构层强度降低，加速路面各种病害的产生和发展。所以这些现象无一不说明排水现在对公路工程中的危害，这就只是我们对在公路建设中排水系统的严格要求与实施。

因此，杜绝水对公路工程的危害，做好路基的防水是公路工程设计、施工以至正常使用阶段的重要课题。

1本文研究内容以及设计的意义

本文研究的主要内容：根据该项目所处的地形、地质和水文资料，充分将所学的基础理论和专业理论知识联系，针对当地排水设置条件，为该项目提出各种可能采用的排水方案，进行比较，择优推荐。

毕业设计是较为集中地培养学生综合运用所学的基础理论、基本知识技能、分析和解决实际问题的能力，通过毕业设计要求学生在教师的指导下独立的、系统的完成一个工程设计，使学生基本掌握设置排水沟的过程和方法，学会考虑问题、分析问题和解决问题的方法，进一步巩固己学课程，并能查阅资料，熟悉和理解公路工程技术标准，正确地应用公路排水设计手册。

2排水设计的内容及步骤

设计公路排水设施的目的，是为迅速排除降落在公路路界内的地表水，将公路上侧方的地方水和地下水预排到公路的下侧方，以防止公路路基和路面结构遭受地表水和地下水的浸湿、冲刷等损害作用。而这些排水设施在实现其功能时，不应造成不适当的壅水和阻水，不应产生冲刷流速，也不应当公路上的车辆安全运行。