代词和介词（短语）
PartⅠ 真题变式体验
1．[2015·福建高考]The research group produced two reports based on the
survey, but contained any useful suggestions.
答案：neither 根据题干中的“two reports”和“but”可知，此处表示“两个中的任何一个都不”，所以填neither。
2．[2015·陕西高考]The little pupil took his grandma the arm
and
walked her across the street.
答案：by take sb. by the arm是一个固定短语“抓住某人的胳膊”。
3．[2015·重庆高考]The meeting will be held in September, but
knows the date for sure.
答案：nobody 根据结构可知此处填主语，结合语义及“but”这一关键信息可以确定答案是nobody。
4．[2015·湖北高考]Don't worry. I'm sure your missing glasses will turn
sooner or later.
答案：up 考查动词短语。结合语义可知此处填up。句意：不要担心，我相信你丢失的眼镜早晚会出现的。
5．[2015·天津高考]The quality of education in this small school is
better than in some larger schools.
答案：that 考查代词用法。根据句式结构和语义可知，此处代替的是quality，为抽象名词，故用that。
6．[2015·浙江高考]Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes
- 1 - 代词02
3. another, the other, other, others, the others
（1）another和the other:
两者都是“另一个”的意思，但数量上有区别:用 another指两个以上的数量，而the
other只指两个中的另一个，例如：
He has three brothers, one is a teacher, another is a doctor and the third is
an engineer.（当然如果还有第四个，五个就是the fourth, the fifth)
He has a book in one hand and a pen in the other.
注：another除了可以作代词，还可以用作形容词。这里有必要区别another, the other和more的用法：
①another:
another表“另一个”时只跟可数名词单数，而表“另外的、额外的、附加的”时，可跟带有few或具体数字的复数名词，此时可把“数词＋复数名词”看作是一个整体。例如：
—Have you finished your report yet？
—No，I will finish it in another 10 minutes.
There is room for another few people in the back of the bus.
②other:
表“另外的”接复数名词，如与具体数词连用，则置于数词之后，但与定冠词the连用时，other要放在数词前。例如：
Tony is going camping with two other little boys next Sunday.
Do you know where he found the other two photos？
中小学教育教学资料
冠词、介词、代词
A
(2017·课标全国卷Ⅱ)In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened
__
1in London.It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __hree years to complete __ work.It took t2(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ____ (lay) the
3__，dand was built using an interesting method.This included digging up the roathe road ，e__ top.When all those had been don4track and then building a strong roof over __surface was replaced.
__ (fair) unpleasant
6pull the carriages and it must have been __ __ (use) to5Steam engines __for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.However，the railway quickly proved to be a
__ every day.7more than 25,000 people were using __，sgreat success and within six month
，)道隧(__ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels8eers __engin，rLate__ (introduce) 9which became known as the Tube.This development was only possible with the ____ 10of electricpowered engines and lifts.The Central London Railway was one of the most __(success) of these new lines，and was opened in 1900.It had whitepainted tunnels and bright
高考英语一轮复习语法专题（二）
定语从句------关系代词
Attributive clauses
一、什么是定语(attribute)？
定义：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分。
He is an honest boy.
We love our country.
I know the girl in red.
位置：单个的词作定语时，放在被修饰的名词前面；短语或从句作定语时，放在被修饰的词后面。
二、定语从句
1.在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句（句意：“……的”）
2.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词 ”
3.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词 ”。
He is an Chinese teacherwho likes singing songs.
该句中，teacher 是先行词，who是关系代词，who likes singing
songs 叫做定语从句
三、定语从句的位置
定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。
四、定语从句中的关系词
关系代词：who、whom、whose、which、 that
关系副词：where﹑when﹑why
关系代词（who, whom, which, that, whose）的指代关系
指人 指物 在定语从句中的成分
who √ 主语 宾语(可省略）
whom √ 宾语(可省略)
which √ 主语 宾语(可省略）
that √ √ 主语 宾语(可省略）
whose √ √ 定语
关系代词的三个作用:
1. 引导定语从句。
2. 代替先行词。 3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。
关系词：
指人：who、that、whom 、whose
指物：which、that、whose
例：
1. The girl is from America.
I called her just now.
我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。
→The girl (whom/that/whoI called just now ) is from America.
