英语不规则动词的变化规律

英语不规则动词的变化规律时态是中学阶段的重点，也是难点，而与其息息相关的动词（尤其是不规则动词）的过去式、过去分词的变化散乱难记，令人头疼。

可仔细琢磨就不难发现它们的变化有一定的规律可循。

现将初中常见的93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下：一、A—A—A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。

（共9个）cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letput—put—putread—read—readset—set—setshut—shut—shut二、A—B—B型，即过去式、过去分词相同。

（共41个）1 过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。

（3个）bring—brought—broughtbuy—bought—boughtthink—thought—thought2 词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。

（4个）build—built—builtlend—lent—lentsend—sent—sentspend—spent—spent3．过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。

（2个）catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught4．把-eep变为-ept。

（3个）keep—kept—keptsleep—slept—sleptsweep—swept—swept5 把-ell变为-old。

（2个）tell—told—toldsell—sold—sold6．过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。

（4个）smell—smelt—smeltspell—spelt—speltfeel—felt—feltspill—spilt—spilt7．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。

（3个）learn—learnt—learntmean—meant—meantspoil—spoilt—spoilt8．过去式、过去分词词尾是d。

（4个）say—said—saidpay—paid—paidlay—laid—laidhear—heard—heard9．改变元音字母。

（11个）meet—met—metget—got—gotsit—sat—satfind—found—found hold—held—heldspit—spat—spat shine—shone—shone win—won—wonhang—hung—hungdig—dug—duglose—lost—lost10．改变辅音字母。

（1个）make—made—made11 改变元、辅音字母。

（4个）leave—left—leftstand—stood—stoodhave（has）—had—hadunderstand—understood—understood三、A—B—C型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。

（共35个）1 i—a—u变化。

（6个）begin—began—begundrink—drank—drunksing—sang—sungring—rang—rungswim—swam—swumsink—sank—sunk2 词尾为-ow，-aw时，过去式将其变为-ew，过去分词在其原形后加n。

（5个）blow—blew—blowndraw—drew—drawngrow—grew—grownknow—knew—knownthrow—threw—thrown（show除外）3 词尾为“i＋辅（1个）＋e”，过去式将i变为o，过去分词多在原形后加n，若那个辅音字母为d或t，须双写d或t后加n。

（4个）（give，hide除外）drive—drove—drivenwrite—wrote—writtenride—rode—riddenrise—rose—risen4 过去分词在过去式后加（e）n。

（5个）break—broke—brokenchoose—chose—chosenfreeze—froze—frozenspeak—spoke—spokenwake—woke—woken5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。

（1个）forget—forgot—forgotten6 过去分词由原形加（e）n构成。

（6个）be—was（were）—beeneat—ate—eatenfall—fell—fallengive—gave—givensee—saw—seenhide—hid—hidden（hid）7 词尾为-ake时，过去式将其变为-ook，过去分词在原形词后加-n。

（2个）take—took—takenmistake—mistook—mistaken8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。

（6个）do—did—donefly—flew—flowngo—went—gonelie—lay—lainshow—showed—shownwear—wore—worn四、A—A—B型，即过去式和原形相同。

（1个）beat—beat—beaten五、A—B—A型，即过去分词和原形相同。

（3个）come—came—comebecome—became—becomerun—ran—run六、情态动词型，只有原形和过去式，没有过去分词。

（4个）can—couldmay—mightwill—wouldshall—should文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词，还有一种规则变化形式。

高中英语不规则动词表动词原形中文意思过去式过去分词arise 出现arose arisenawake 醒来awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit ＊临时照顾baby-sat baby-satbe(am/is/are) 是was / were beenbeat 击打beat beaten become 变成became becomebegin 开始began begunbend 使弯曲bent bentbet 赌bet betbite 咬bit bitten / bit blow 吹blew blownbreak 打破broke brokenbring 拿来brought brought broadcast 广播broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcastedbuild 建造built builtburn 燃烧burnt / burned burnt / burnedbuy 买bought boughtcan 能could ×cast 抛cast castcatch 捕捉caught caught choose 选择chose chosencome 来came comecost 花费cost costcut 割cut cutdeal 分配dealt dealtdig 挖dug dugdo / does 做did donedraw 画，拉，拖drew drawndream 做梦dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed drink 喝drank drunkdrive 驾驶drove driveneat 吃ate eatenfall 掉落fell fallenfeed 喂fed fedfeel 触摸felt feltfight 作战fought foughtfind 找出found found( found 建立founded founded )fly 飞flew flownforbid 禁止forbade / forbad forbiddenforget 忘记forgot forgotten / forgot forgive 原谅forgave forgivenfreeze 结冰froze frozenget 得到got gotgive 给gave givengo 去went gonegrow 成长grew grownhang 悬挂hung hung绞死hanged hangedhave / has 有had hadhear 听到heard heardhide 隐藏hid hidden / hid hit 打hit hithold 拿住held held hurt 受伤hurt hurt keep 保持kept kept know 知道knew known lay 铺，放，下蛋laid laidlead 引导led led learn 学习learnt / learned learnt / learned leave 离开left left lend 借贷lent lent let 让let let lie 躺，位于lay lain（lie 撒谎lied lied ）light 点着lit / lighted lit / lighted lose 遗失lost lost make 制作made made may 可以might ×mean 意思是meant meant meet 碰到met met mistake 误认mistook mistaken misunderstand 误会misunderstood misunderstoodpay 支付paid paid prove ＊证实proved proved / provenput 放置put put quit ＊放弃quit / quitted quit / quitted read 读read readrebuild 改建rebuilt rebuiltretell ＊复述retold retoldrid 免除rid / ridded rid / riddedride 骑rode riddenring 打电话，响铃rang rungrise 上升rose risenrun 跑ran runsaw ＊锯sawed sawed / sawn say 说said saidsee 看saw seenseek ＊寻觅sought soughtsell 卖sold soldsend 送/ 寄sent sentset 安置set setsew 缝合sewed sewn / sewedshake 摇shook shakenshall 将should ×shave 刮（胡子）shave shaved / shaven shine 发光shone shone擦亮shined shinedshoot 放（炮）shot shotshow 显露showed shown / showed shrink 缩水shrank / shrunk shrunksing 唱歌sang sungsink 下沉sank sunksit 坐sat satsleep 睡slept sleptsmell 发出气味smelt / smelled smelt / smelledsow 种植sowed sown / sowed speak 说spoke spokenspell ＊拼写spelt / spelled spelt / spelledspend 花费spent spentspit ＊吐出spat / spit spat / spitspring ＊跳跃,弹跳sprang / sprung sprungstand 站立stood stoodsteal 偷stole stolenstick 刺，粘贴stuck stuckstrike 撞,击,(病、灾难)袭击struck struck / strickenswear 发誓,咒骂swore swornsweep 打扫swept sweptswell 肿胀swelled swollenswim 游泳swam swumtake 拿took takenteach 教taught taughttear 撕裂tore torntell 告诉told toldthink 思考thought thoughtthrow 投/ 扔threw thrown understand 了解understood understoodundertake 承担,从事,许诺undertook undertakenwake 醒着woke woken wear 穿着wore worn wet ＊淋湿wet / wetted wet / wetted will 将would ×win 获胜won won wind 蜿蜒,缠绕,上发条wound wound( wound 受伤wounded wounded )write 书写wrote written。