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英国概况 Britain(英文)

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Britain

Chapter One

Geography. People and Language

New Words & Phrases.

temperate 温带、和的

precipitation 降雨量

latitude 纬度

immigrant 移民

colony 殖民地

diverse 多样化的

Germanic 日尔曼语系的

evolve 演变，发展

Vikings 北欧海盗

codify 编簨,系统化

undocumented 无文件记载的

subsequently 随后的

barbarian 野蛮人

division 部分，分界线

husbandary 饲养业

missionary 传教士

monastery 修道院

I. Geography

1. full name: the United Kindom of Great Britain and Northen Lreland.

2. Location: the U.K locates to the northwest of mainland Europe,an island country

surrounded by sea,It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean.

3. Area: 242.910 square kilometers

4. Composition: British Isles

5. Political division: England, Scotland, Wales, Northen Island

6. Mountain: Ben Nevis (本尼维斯)，1st 1343m

7. River: Seven River (塞文河)，1st ,338km (in Wales)

Thames River(in England), 2nd ,336km

8. Lake: Lough Neagh(内湖)，1st ,338km

(in Northern Ireland)

9. climate:a maritime climate

plentiful preciperation

foggy,rainy, instablility

10:Major Cities:

1st :London,capital

2nd :Birmingham(伯明翰)

3rd :Leeds(利兹)

II. People

1.Race:the English 81.5% The Scottish 9.6%

The Irish 1.9%

The North Irish 7%

2.Population: 60 million (a 2005 estimate)

3.Religion: Christianity

III. Language: English is a member of the Indo-European family of language. It is in

the Germanic group of this family.

1.Periods

Old English(5th -1150)

The Angles,Saxons and Jutes drove the Celtic-speaking people out of what is now England

into Scotland,Wales, and the Ireland in the 5th and 6th century, they used the language

of northeastern regien of the Netherland—that is now called Old English.

Middle English(1150-1550)

In 1066, William, the Conqueror invaded and conquered England, they used French as

the official language,so many French words came into English vocabulary. English day by

day evolved into what is now referred to as Middle English.

Modern English(1550-now)

In 1467, The printing press was introduced by William Caxton,who brought

standardization to English, the dialect of London became the standard. Spelling and

grammar became fixed.

2.Standard English

It is based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England, adopted as a

broadcasting standard in the British media.It is used as much in printed material and

is normally taught in schools and to non –native speakers learning language. It is called

Queen’s English or BBC English. At present, nearly a quarter of the world’s population

use English. It has became a universal linguia franca

Chapter Two History

New words and Phrases

pious 虔诚的

coronation 加冕

feudalism 封建制度

charter 宪章

constitution 宪法

provision 条款

parliament 议会

monarchy 君主制度

Puritan 清教徒

dominion 领土，统治权

retake 收回

originate 发源

maritime 海上的，靠海的 norm 准则

dialect 方言，地方话

Christianity 基督教

the British Isles 不列颠群岛

Guildhall 市政厅

St.Paul’s Cathedral 圣保罗大教堂

Indo-European family of language 印欧语系

Northen Ireland 北爱尔兰

I. The Origin of the Nation (55BC-1066AC)国家的起源

史前史：

巨石阵：In 2500BC，TheBeaker folk(比克人) invaded the British islands,they built the

Stonshenge in 1800BC-1400BC。

In 1000BC,The Celts(凯尔特人) from the west of the Europe invaded the British

island 3 times and settled there.

1. 55BC-410AC Roman’s rule罗马统治时代

The recorded history in Britain began in the year 55BC, Julius Caesar(凯撒大帝) and his

troops invaded and ruled the island. The Celts became slaves,and many of them were driven

to the mountains of Scoltland an Wales.The Britain became a province of Rome.

2. 446AC-871AC The Anglo-Saxons盎格鲁-撒克逊时代

In the mid-5th century the Anglo-Saxons and The Jute from Denmark and Northern Germany,

invaded the Britain and drove all the Roman troops, their language was English, replaced

the Celtic language. the country became known as England, meaning”the land of the Angles.”

The Heptarchy(七国时代):to the beginning of 7th century,they built 7 countries.In 596AC

St.Augustine(圣奥古斯丁 )was sent to Britain to convert the Anglo-saxons.By the late of

7th century, Roman Christianity become the dominant religion.

1)King Alfred阿尔弗雷得大帝 （849AC-899AC）He was a king of Wessex( ),his grandson

became a king of a united England.

His contributions:

He defeated the Danes-Vikings and united 7 Anglo-Saxon kingdoms in the process of

resisting the Vikings;founded a strong fleet;founded noble school;translated the latin

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英美国家概况

英美国家概况

英国概况

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland，简称“UK（联合王国）”。

Geography

位于欧洲大陆西北部的Great Britain Island（大不列颠岛）上，东濒North Sea（北海），西临Atlantic（大西洋），南与European Continent（欧洲大陆）以English Channel（英吉利海峡）、Denver Channel（多佛海峡）相隔。由Great Britain（包括England、Scotland、Wales和Ireland东北部）和附近大约5500多个小岛组成。陆界与Republic of Ireland（爱尔兰共和国）接壤。国土总面积共24.18万平方公里，海岸线总长1.15万公里。

英吉利海峡分割英法两国，连接大西洋和北海。

the English Channel: separates England and France and connects the Atlantic ocean and north sea.

"the act of union of 1801": in 1801 the english parliament passed an act by which scotland, wales

and the kingdom of england were constitutionally joined as the kingdom of great britain.

1801合并法：1801年英国议会通过法令，规定英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士根据宪法合并成为大不列颠王国。

gaelic: it is one of the celtic language, and is spoken in parts of the highlands.

盖尔语：是盖尔特语言的一种，在高地地区仍有人说这种语言。

英国概况简介英文作文

英国概况简介英文作文

英国概况简介英文作文

英文回答：

The United Kingdom (UK), also known as Great Britain,

is a sovereign island nation located off the northwestern

coast of mainland Europe. It encompasses England, Scotland,

Wales, and Northern Ireland. The UK covers an area of

242,495 square kilometers (93,628 square miles) and has a

population of approximately 68.3 million people. The UK is

a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy.

The head of state is the monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth

II, who has reigned since 1952. The head of government is

the Prime Minister, currently Rishi Sunak. The UK is a

member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the European Union,

the Council of Europe, and the United Nations.

Historically, the UK has played a significant role in

global affairs. It was a major colonial power during the

英语国家概况(名词解释)

英语国家概况(名词解释)

1 英语国家概况(名词解释)

第一部分 英国概况

1 the Commonwealth :It is a free

association of independent countries

that were once colonies of Britain.

Member nations are joined together

economically and have certain trading

arrangements. The Commonwealth has

no special powers. The decision to

become a member of the

Commonwealth is left to each nation.

2. British Empire: Britain has been

one of the most important countries in

the world. About a hundred years ago,

as a result of its imperialist expansion,

Britain ruled an empire that had one

fourth of the world’s people and one

fourth of the world’s land area. It had

colonies ont only in North America, but

also I Asia, Africa and Australia.

However, the two world wars greatly

weakened Britain. The British colonies

became independent one after another .

The British Empire gradually

TheUnitedKingdom英国介绍详细中英文

TheUnitedKingdom英国介绍详细中英文

The United Kingdom, including Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland

"and Northern Ireland, is a member of the European Community 12. Its full

name is the United Kingdom. Britain is the British Isles by the majority of islands, of which the largest

islands are Great Britain, the second largest island Northern Ireland and the

Irish Republic. The west coast of Scotland there is a large islands called the

Hebrides. Native north-east coast of Scotland Orkney Islands, Shetland

Islands, and Samoa. Of these islands with the mainland have administrative relations, but the Irish Sea between Great Britain and the Isle of Man and the

Channel Islands between France is largely autonomous and not an integral

part of the United Kingdom.

The United Kingdom area of approximately 242.5 thousand square

kilometers (93600 square miles), from the south coast to Scotland is almost the most northern part of nearly 1,000 kilometers (about 600 miles), nearly