商务英语翻译试卷第3套与答案

第三章市场营销学习目标：1、了解市场营销的定义2、了解市场营销的组合策略3、掌握市场细分和市场定位的方法课文一市场营销概述大约十年以前，如果你问IBM的高层管理人员他们是做什么的，他们可能会回答：“我们销售电脑的硬件和软件。

”由于缺乏市场远见，以产品为中心的IBM 公司没有注重客户的需求。

因此，当客户需求改变的时候，IBM却没有进行相应的调整，公司的业绩也大幅度下滑。

到90年代初期，大企业的市场份额和蓝筹股价急剧下跌。

在这段经济低靡的时期，IBM进行了一场具有重大意义的改革：所有的高层管理人员在与重要客户面谈之后，将客户的问题和要求上报给公司。

其实，在计算机市场，客户不但要从公司购买电脑的硬件和软件，更重要的是他们需要购买到能解决大量信息技术问题的方案。

现在，如果你要IBM的管理人员给他们的业务下个定义，他们会告诉你：“我们为客户的任何问题提供解决方案。

”大公司营销策略的转变取得了巨大的成功。

那么，什么是市场营销呢？市场营销的定义美国市场营销协会将市场营销的定义为：计划和执行观念，商品和服务的构思，定价、促销和分销以便产生满足个人、组织和社会目标的交易的过程。

IBM的营销经理们如果想要取得好的销售成绩，他们必须要明白客户的需要就是他们的目标。

如果不遵循这一原则，他们生产出来的产品将一无是处，也无人问津。

“找到客户的需求并且尽力满足”就是市场营销的主旨，换句话说，就是要“找到一个市场，并为其服务。

”市场营销组合策略一旦确定了客户的需求，营销人员就应该尽力满足这些要求，有四点需要注意，第一，要求生产出合适的产品，这是物质基础。

要使产品能尽量接近客户的要求，企业就要通过改变现有产品类型、改进产品的特点和包装或用另一种方法来描述这个产品等方式生产出“量体裁衣”型的产品。

第二点是关于交付货物的整个体系：生产者必须及时将货物运至消费者可以购买到的地方。

第三点就是消费者可以通过广告被告知这个商品的用途，营销人员应该与客户沟通，并说服他们购买。

英语三级《笔译实务》试题Section 1：English-Chinese Translation (英译汉) (60 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.A few weeks back，I asked a 14-year-old friend how she was coping with school.Referring to stress，she heaved a big sigh and said："Aiyah，anything bad that can happen has already happened."Her friends nearby then started pouring out their woes about which subjects they found hard，and so on. Pessimism again，in these all-too-familiar remarks about Singapore's education system，widely regarded as too results-oriented，and I wonder why I even bothered to ask.The school system of reaching for A's underlies the country's culture，which emphasizes the chase for economic excellence where wealth and status are must-haves.Such a culture is hard to change.So when I read of how the new Remaking Singapore Committee had set one of its goals as challenging the traditional roads to success，encouraging Singaporeans to realize alternative careers in the arts，sports，research or as entrepreneurs，I had my doubts about its success in this area，if not coupled with help from parents themselves.The new Remaking Singapore Committee is a brainchild of the Singaporean Prime Minister，formed to make Singaporeans look beyond the five C's：cash，condos，clubs，credit cards and cars，to help prepare the nation for the future.It is good that the government wants to do something about the country's preoccupation with material success. But it will be a losing battle if the family unit itself is not involved because I believe the committee's success is rooted in a revamp of an entire culture built from 37 years of independence.This makeover has to start with the most basic societal unit -- the family.Parents should not drown their children in mantras of I-want-hundred-marks. Tuition lessons are not the be-all and end-all of life. And a score of 70 for a Chinese paper is definitely not the end of life.If ever I become a parent，I will bring my children camping. I will show them that cooking food in a mess tin over a campfire is fun. I will teach them that there is nothing dirty about lying on a sleeping bag over grass.In fact，it is educational because Orion is up there in the night sky with all the other bright stars whose shapes and patterns tell something more than a myth. For instance，they give directions to the lost traveler，I will say.And who knows，my child may become an astronomer years down the road. All because of the nights I spent with him watching the twinkles in the sky.That's my point. Parents should teach their children that there's more to life than studies. Better still if the nation's leaders echo that idea as well.This way，when their children aspire to be the next Joscelin Yeo，they won't feel like they are fighting a losing battle against a society that holds doctors and lawyers in awe.However，the culture that babysits economic excellence is deeply ingrained and so are the mindsets of many parents. But parents can take the cue from the new Remaking Singapore Committee and be aware of giving their children the right kind of education.It is now wait-and-see if，say，10 years down the road，more would choose alternative careers. Hopefully，by then no one would think sportsmen or musicians as making too big a sacrifice in chasing their dreams. Section 2：Chinese-English Translation (40 points)Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.近年来，中华人民共和国政府倡导国内旅游，履行“假日经济”政策，给公民每年3次为期一周长假，让她们将更多储蓄用于旅游、购物和外出就餐。

《商务英语翻译》试卷（第3套）Ⅰ、Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points for each)1.The documentary credit offers a unique and universally used method of achieving a commerciallyacceptable compromise by providing for payment to be made against documents that represent the goods and make possible the transfer of rights to those goods.A.跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的方式，即凭代表货物的单据付款，从而使货权的转移成为可能。

这是一种商业上可以折衷的方法。

B.跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的方法，即凭代表货物的单据付款，从而使货权的转移成为可能。

这是一种商业上可以接受的折衷方式。

C.跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的，一种商业上可以接受的折衷方式，凭代表货物的单据付款，而使货权的转移成为可能。

D.跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的，商业上可以接受的折衷方法，凭代表货物的单据付款，从而使货权的转移成为可能。

2. A developing economy with an impressive development plan requires large imports of capital goods,technology, raw materials and other inputs and consumer goods to carry out the plan effectively.A.为了有效地实施其发展计划，一个具有宏伟发展计划的发展中国家可能需要对资本货物、技术、原材料和消费品及其它产品加以大量进口。

商务英语翻译试卷第3套I. Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points for each) 1. The documentary credit offers a unique and universally used method of achieving a commercially acceptable compromise by providing for payment to be made against documents that represent the goods and make possible the transfer of rights to those goods.A. 跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的方式，即凭代表货物的单据付款，从而使货权的转移成为可能。

这是一种商业上可以折衷的方法。

B. 跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的方法，即凭代表货物的单据付款，从而使货权的转移成为可能。

这是一种商业上可以接受的折衷方式。

C. 跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的，一种商业上可以接受的折衷方式，凭代表货物的单据付款，而使货权的转移成为可能。

D. 跟单信用证提供了一种独特的、全世界通用的，商业上可以接受的折衷方法，凭代表货物的单据付款，从而使货权的转移成为可能。

2. A developing economy with an impressive development plan requires large imports of capital goods, technology, raw materials and other inputs and consumer goods to carry out the plan effectively. A. 为了有效地实施其发展计划，一个具有宏伟发展计划的发展中国家可能需要对资本货物、技术、原材料和消费品及其它产品加以大量进口。

这是我根据文库里的一份资料单独整理出来的BEC第三辑TEST3，可能又不完整及缺漏之处，望大家能够理解。

谢谢! PART 11 This businessman has successfully targeted a different group of consumers.2 With careful forward planning, this businessman is helping the company survive a difficult period.3 The company is now more open to change because of this businessman's way of thinking.4 This businessman has made and implemented certain decisions despite opposition to them.5 This businessman has achieved some success by misleading people about his intentions.6 The abilities of this businessman were previously doubted by the company that employs him.7 This businessman is admired for his ability to manage a number of business interests.'Businessman of the Year' AwardA :James King: Chief Executive of Fentons FinanceKing was nominated for the quality of his leadership, with the judges claiming that the Fentons Finance boss is almost revered by his team. He is credited with reinventing Fentons Finance - revitalising its culture of inflexibility, removing outdated pre-merger barriers and playing a brilliant tactical game. He led everyone to believe he was opposed to large mergers and then jumped on the Westcombe Bank opportunity at just the right moment. History will be the judge, but for now the markets consider King to be a star.B Keith Nash: Chief Executive of Hamley's SupermarketsNash took over as CEO when Hamley's systems and distribution were out of date and the brand badly needed freshening up. He began refocusing the brand at the higher quality end of the food market and launched several own-brand initiatives for the health conscious. As a result, the share price has gone up nearly 80 per cent. This should be extremely satisfying for Nash, who had left the retailer in 1986, disappointed after failing to secure the top job.C Jorge Marquez: Chairman of the Kenwick GroupMarquez was a popular choice for his achievements at Kenwick. The judges say he has been courageous in pushing through the appointment of controversial or inexperienced chief executives to companies within the group, and then sponsoring them as they transformed their businesses. He operates as a 'virtual' chairman, without a permanent office in any one company. He phones his CEOs regularly, and several of them have acknowledged the vital contribution he makes to their effectiveness. Everyone is impressed at how he also finds the time to be chairman of two other large companies.D Richard Jenkins: Finance Director of Centron AdvertisingLabouring in the shadow of a high-profile boss can sometimes draw attention away from the finance director, and the judges considered it was high time Jenkins got that attention. The CEO may be the public face of Centron, but Jenkins is the one who makes it run smoothly. Behind the scenes, he is constantly demonstrating that budgets and forecasts are what is needed to make a company successful, particularly now that the advertising market has been hit by recession. It is largely thanks to him that Centron is in much better shape than its rivals.Part 2(这个可能分段有错误)Setting up an appraisal schemeAppraisals can be a wonderful opportunity for your staff to focus on their jobs and make plans to develop their unused potential. (0) ..........So, if you have decided that an appraisal scheme should be set up in your company, you need to establish some formal procedures and make some decisions before you begin. Even if your company already has a scheme, you need to consider what you want to achieve and how you are going to do this.First of all, you need to decide on your key objectives and the real purpose of your scheme.(8).............A scheme should never be introduced at a time of redundancies, or simply for profit or competitive edge, because this will create fear and alienate staff. The next step is to decide how the scheme can most successfully be managed. It is essential that all senior staff are committed to the process and willing to make a positive contribution.The person given responsibility for designing the scheme and the appraisal forms needs to have knowledge of all roles within the organisation. He or she must also be aware of employees' potential needs. (9).............It should be someone who is trusted and whom staff will turn to if they are concerned about their appointed appraiser or the appraisal interview. The design of the scheme should indicate who will be appraising whom. This needs great tact and sensitivity. First, remember that no manager can effectively appraise more than seven or eight people. It is equally important to remember that, if significant numbers of staff are appraised by someone they dislike, or by a person whose values they do not share, the success of your scheme may be threatened.(10) ............. So bear this in mind from the beginning and, if necessary, establish an appeals procedure.Having decided on your policy and who will appraise which members of staff, you need to communicate this in the simplest possible way. Avoid lengthy documents - few people will read them. (11).............Most organisations choose a person's line manager to be the appraiser. This can be seen as an opportunity or a threat, so be ready to consider alternatives if necessary.Once you have established the appraisal process, make sure that appraisal interviews take place at a convenient time, and ideally on neutral ground. It should be borne in mind that some appraisals may involve the disclosure of confidential information. (12) .............These will show the decisions that were taken during the interview and will also indicate any new performance targets that have been agreed.A It is important to select a manager who can deal effectively with any suspicions staff may have about appraisals.B Such a measure can also reduce insecurity and unite staff in recognising the positive elements of appraisal.C Having even one staff member in such a position may affect how others respond to the process.D Ideally, this should be to provide a supportive framework that aids staff development.E Simply make sure that staff know who will appraise them and why, and what form the interview will take.F It is therefore important to decide who will have access to written records of the appraisal.G They can also be a means of getting the best out of staff, both as individuals, and as team members.PART 3(这个可能分段也有错误)SHEER GENIUS - OR A W ASTE OF TIME?Encourage your original thinkers and live with their strange habits, says Alan Worthin. If one of your research staff announced that he had worked out a way to propel a vehicle on a cushion of air, would you tell him to concentrate on something practical, or suggest taking it further? If a member of your development team asked if she could come in late because she had her best ideas at 3 am would you insist that she is in the office at 9 am like everyone else?Current business wisdom is that companies need creative, innovative people to beat competitors. The reality is that companies have always needed new ideas to survive and progress, but in the past they weren't particularly good at encouraging the people who produced them.Original thinkers don't always fit easily into the framework of an organisation. However, the advice from managing director, John Serrano is, 'Get rid of the dull people and encourage the unusual ones'. Essentially, he believes that companies need to learn how to manage their original thinkers in order to ensure that the business profits from their contribution. He also says, 'Original thinkers often find it difficult to drive change within the organisation, so they resign, feeling angry and disappointed. It is essential to avoid this.''You can't recognise original thinkers by the way they look,' says Ian Freeman. An apparently ordinary exterior can conceal a very creative thinker.' His consultancy, IBT Personnel, has devised a structured way to identify original thinkers. 'We define employees as champions, free-wheelers, bystanders and weak links, and most original thinkers come into the category of free-wheelers. They may miss deadlines if they become involved in something more interesting. They are passionate and highly motivated but have li ttle or no understanding of business directions and systems.'Headhunter George Solomon also thinks original thinkers have their disadvantages. 'They may have a bad influence within an organisation, especially given the current management trend for working in teams. The original thinkers themselves may be unaware of any problem, but having them around can be disruptive to colleagues. who have to be allowed to point out when they are being driven crazy by the original thinkers' behaviour.' Yet, in his opinion, the 'dream team' in any creative organisation consists of a balanced mixture of original thinkers and more practical, .realistic people.So, having identified your original thinkers, how do you handle them? One well-known computer games company has a very inventive approach. 'We encourage our games designers by creating an informal working environment,' says director Lorna Marsh. 'A company cannot punish risk-takers if it wants to encourage creativity. Management has to provide support, coaching and advice - and take the risk that new ideas may not work. Our people have flexible working hours and often make no clear distinction between their jobs and their home lives.'Original thinkers may fit into the culture of 21st century organisations, but more traditionalorganisations may have to change their approach. Business psychologist Jean Row believes that the first step is to check that original thinkers are worth the effort. 'Are the benefits they bring worth the confusion they cause? If so, give them what they want, allow plenty of space, but set clear limits. Give them extremely demanding targets. If they fail to meet them, then the game is up.But if they succeed, your organisation stands only to gain.'13 It is important for a company to encourage original thinkers because_____A this allows it to promote innovative products.B this enables it to stay ahead of its rivals.C they are very flexible about their working hours.D their talents are ideally suited to the market.14 John Serrano thinks that original thinkers should be_____A helped to develop better people management skills.B asked to manage change within the organisation.C supported so they can perform well for the company.D encouraged to follow company procedures.15 What does Ian Freeman say about original thinkers?A They are unenthusiastic and poorly motivated.B Their work standards are impossibly high.C Their abilities are hard to recognise.D They lack awareness of commercial processes.16 What problems can be observed when there are original thinkers in the workforce?A They may have a negative effect on other workers.B They dislike the concept of teamwork.C They rush tasks through to completion.D They cannot work with less creative colleagues.17 In what way is the games company's approach to original thinkers special?A It allows them to work from home whenever they wish.B It uses different forms of disciplinary action for them.C It promotes a relaxed atmosphere in the workplace.D It encourages them to reduce the risks that they take.18 A traditional organisation wishing to employ original thinkers needs to _____A provide them with projects they are interested in.B assess whether their contribution makes up for any problems.C have a flexible approach if goals are not always achieved.D be prepared to handle any negative feedback from colleagues.PART 4Who Benefits Most from Company Training?According to recent research, the better educated and the higher up the socio.economic scale you are, the more likely you are to be offered workplace training. And, incidentally, the more likely you are to then turn (19) the offer, pleading family and personal commitments or (20) of work. Less qualified staff, on the other hand, are offered fewer training opportunities, but are more eager to (21) them up. In fact, people with few or no educational qualifications are three times morelikely to accept training when it is offered.In the majority of companies, more (22) are allocated to management training than to other areas. Employers (23) their better qualified staff as more important to the business, so they pay them accordingly and invest more in them in (24) of training. This is (25) by the fact that organisations are dependent on properly (26) managers making the right decisions. But this (27) may mean that companies are (28) other parts of the workforce down.The researchers found a growing demand for training among the lower-skilled.Unfortunately this demand is not being (29)by employers, even though there are strong indications that companies would benefit from doing so. They also discovered that, despite the substantial (30) between the training provided for managers and that offered to other staff, there was still widespread endorsement of training.For the purposes of the research, training was defined as any (31) of planned instruction or tuition provided by an employer with the aim of helping employees do their work better. It therefore included a wide variety of approaches. On-the-job and classroom training (32) to be used equally by employers. But learning on the job, which involved observing a certain procedure and then practising it, was easily the most popular method for all categories of employee. While many felt that learning from colleagues was best,very few (33) the internet as an effective way to train.19 A back B over C down D off20 A force B pressure C strain D load21 A pick B keep C take D put22 A means B reserves C finances D resources23 A imagine B regard C suppose D know24 A requirements B specifications C states D terms25 A allowed B approved C justified D accepted26 A understanding B intelligent C informed D knowledgeable27 A stress B emphasis C weight D strength28 A letting B cutting C breaking D setting29 A reached B achieved C gained D met30 A space B gap C hole D room31 A frame B structure C form D order32 A showed B appeared C demonstrated D presented33 A rated B thought C marked D believedPART 5 没有找到答案PART 1 答案《‘Businessman of the Year' Award》年度企业家奖。

商务英语翻译第3套答案和参考译文I.Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points for each)1. B2. D3. C4. C5. B6. A7. C8. B9. B 10. DII.Phrase Translation from English to Chinese (20 points, 1 point for each)1.the percentage of defective products 次品率2.under separate cover 另函3.virtual bank 虚拟银行4.Shipping Instructions Form 装船指示单5.intellectual property知识产权6.synopsis of minutes 会议纪要7.bankrupted stock 破产人存货8.to tap the market 开发市场9.customs clearance 结关，海关放行10.payment of the balance 支付余额11.credit references 信用备询人12.shipping documents 装运单证13.warehouse to warehouse 仓至仓条款14.corporate charter 公司章程15.shares of stock 股票16.instrument of pledge 抵押契据17.debtor nations 债务国18.International Monetary Fund [IMF] 国际货币基金组织19.Multilateral Agreement on Investment 多边投资协定20.documentary credits 跟单信用证III.T ranslation Improvement from English to Chinese (20 points, 2 points for each)1.原文：The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited takes no responsibility for the content of thisannouncement, makes no representation as to its accuracy or completeness and expresslydisclaims any liability whatsoever for any loss howsoever arising from or in reliance upon thewhole or any part of the contents of this announcement.译文：香港联合交易所有限公司对本通告的内容概不负责，对其准确性和完整性也不发表声明，不会就因整个通告或者通告中任何部分的内容而招致的任何损失承担任何责任，也不会因信赖整个通告或者其中任何部分的内容而招致的任何损失承担任何责任。

新编商务英语第三册wordstudy参考答案第一篇：新编商务英语第三册word study参考答案Unit 3 Word study 1.bid a.The valuable vase will go to the person who bid the highest price for it.那个贵重的花瓶被出价最高的那个人买走了。

b.We offered 200 pounds at the auction for that painting, but another man bid against us.在拍卖行我们出200磅买那幅画，但是另一个男人和我们竞价。

c.Our firm is bidding for the contract for the construction of the new expressway.我们公司正在投标争取建设新高速公路的合同。

d.A number of companies have submitted bids to buy the supermarket chain.许多公司投标购买这家超市连锁店。

2.signala.Both companies have signaled their willingness to establisha long-term partnership.两家公司表达了想建立长期合作关系的愿望。

b.The policeman signaled that the traffic should move forward slowly.警察示意车流应该慢行。

c.The opinion poll is a clear signal to the President that the voters do not support his foreign policy.民意测验向总统发出了一个明确的信息，选民不支持他的外交政策。

3.implementa.We decided to implement the committee’s suggestions in full.我们决定完全执行委员会的建议。

一、句子汉译英（本大题共8小题，每小题3分，共24分）请在答题卡上作答。

1.广告可影响一个人对度假地点、餐馆或娱乐活动的选择。

2.首席谈判必须具备很强的幽默感才能熬过各种难关。

3.出口产品应该有良好的设计、包装和定价，有时还应经过改进以便适应某些国外市场。

4.建国以来，上海经济建设取得了巨大成就。

5.对每种产品只强调某几项特色。

6.请勿高声喧哗或做出不雅之行为骚扰他人。

7.管理费用——使用及保养的费用是否低廉？8.如你公司所报价格有竞争力，交货期也合适，我公司将大量订货。

如蒙早日答复，不胜感激。

二、句子英译汉（本大题共7小题，每小题3分，共21分）请在答题卡上作答。

9. Under no circumstances should we do anything that will benefit ourselves but harm the interests of the country.10. All taxes a nd duties due inside the Seller’s country in connection with this contract shall be borne by the Seller.11. Both parties agree to change the time of shipment to August and change US dollar into Hong Kong dollar.12. S. W. O. T.13. FOB14. Invoice in quintuplicate copies，indicating Contract No.15. All the major brands have successfully made the shift from the state command economy to a more market-oriented economy.三、段落汉译英（本大题共5小题，每小题6分，共30分）请在答题卡上作答。

Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Guidebook company Lonely Planet has revealed its 18th annual“Best in Travel” list.The 2023 edition is in a slightly different format than it has been in years past. Rather than a simple list, the destinations are split up into five categories – eat, learn, journey, unwind and connect. “This year, we really wanted to try something new and we wanted to reflect the way that we saw travelers looking for travel, which was about the destination, but also about the experience,” explains Nitya Chambers, executive editor and senior vice president of content at Lonely Planet.Lonely Planet reaches out to its wide network of contributors around the world and asks them to nominate destinations they believe should be on the list. From there, editors at Lonely Planet HQ begin to ask more questions, work their sources and narrow down the options until it is released in November.That might mean taking a chance on a new country, like Malta or Guyana, that all your friends haven’t been to yet. It might mean choosing a less-visited place in a favorite destination, like Marseille rather than Paris or Fukuoka instead of Tokyo. All four spots are among the 30 destinations of the 2023 list. It’s no surprise that Peru appears as one of the picks under the “eat” section of Lonely Planet’s list –as it has been racking up the recognition for years on the World’s 50 Best Restaurants list. However, its South American sibling Montevideo – another “eat” entry – is not as high profile. Street food lovers should head to Kuala Lumpur. The capital is a perfect location for an introduction to food from all over Malaysia, like Penang-style curries and fish maw soup.As the world opened up after long Covid restrictions, many travelers felt the urge to connect or reconnect with others. Sydney, in this context, makes Lonely Planet’s “connect” list. The Australian city is known for its friendly inhabitants, as well as for its beautiful beaches, top-notch food scene and a pretty cool opera house. People with African heritage may want to head to Ghana for their own sense of connection. The country observed a Year of Return in 2019, which brought people from all over the diaspora to Ghana with fellowship and community. Just because the pass of the year doesn’t mean the loss of the sense of connection. The country,observed a Year of Return in 2019, which brought people from all over the diaspora to Ghana for fellowship and community. Just because the year passed doesn’t mean that the sense of connection has gone: Ghana wants to hit a goal of eight million tourists per year.The pandemic spurred another powerful desire, too:the stress of working from home while homeschooling the kids over Zoom means many travelers just want to take a long break. Island destinations, like Jamaica and Dominica in the Caribbean, are just the place to unwind, according to Lonely Planet. The former is high on Chambers’ personal list for 2023. “There’s just an opportunity with our kids in the summer (to) spend some more time, go immerse and have the experience of living somewhere where you can really feel changed and transformed by being part of another place.Malta – another “unwind” destination – is a lesser-known gem with the climateof Italy and the landscape of the Middle East. And in Asia, the Indonesian archipelago of Raja Ampat might be one of the last paradises left on Earth. It is loved for eco-tourism and is home to a massively successful coral restoration project. LP designated six “journey” spots, places for most travel-lovers. It’s no surprise that the central Asian kingdom of Bhutan made the cut.【参考译文】：旅行指南出版商《孤独星球》(LonelyPlanet) 连续第18年发布年度“世界最佳旅行目的地”(BestinTravel) 榜单。

1. more than 这种结构可以表示对程度的加强，可翻译成 “不止”、“不只”、“不仅仅”、“极其” 等。例如： I suspect more than a few men have encountered the same dilemma, although under different circumstances. 我猜想，尽管场合各不相同，遇到这种窘境的 人却不止这么几个。
从形式上看‘英语中有三种比较格式：原级(A is as…as)．比较级(A is more…than B)和最高级(A is the most… )，但实际上这些结构在形式上可以替 换使用．翻译时可以灵活处理： I．比较级按原级翻译 比如A is more …than B(A比B……)，这个结构可以 替换成B is not as …as A (B不像A那么)，在意义上 没有区别．因此翻译时可以采用原级形式来处理比 较级。 例如： Never has China made better economic developments than now. 中国从未取得像现在这样好的经济成就!
no
less than 是no more than的反义词，no more than可翻译成“只不过”，而no less than可翻译成“多达”、“无异于”。例如： The Chinese government decided to make a purchase of no less than 30 civilian aircrafts from the Boeing company. 中国政府决定从波音公司购买多达30架民用飞 机。 Drunken driving is no less than suicide and killing. 酒后驾车无异于自杀和杀人。

选择填空题（每题10分，共5题）—Hello, this is Lucas Bowen. I'd like to order some machines.—___________. When do you need them?选择一项：A. Sorry, I am busyB. No problemC. No, you can do it online反馈你的回答正确解析：本题考核“打电话”的交际用语。

第一说话人打电话提出订货的请求，接听者第二句询问订货的时间说明，接听者已给对方可以继续商务活动的明确答复，所以答案是B。

正确答案是：No problem—Okay then, so to confirm: a 6% discount but you pay all the shipping and installation costs.—____________. I'll call you tomorrow.选择一项：A. Sorry, it's not clearB. That sounds all rightC. Sorry, we didn't discuss about that反馈你的回答正确解析：本题考核对商务谈判结果“确认和认可”的交际用语。

当第一说话人陈述谈判结果时，听者应该对双方谈判的结果进行确认和表示认可，所以答案是B。

正确答案是：That sounds all rightIn business，whatever you do, do not ____ illegal benefit.选择一项：A. chaseB. chooseC. challenge反馈你的回答正确译文：做生意，无论如何都不能追逐非法利润。

解析：chase意为“追逐”；choose意为“选择”；challenge意为“挑战”；本句宾语是非法利润，选择chase符合句意；所以答案是A。

2017年11月翻译资格考题三级英语笔译实务试卷及答案Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)It was just one word in one email, but it triggered huge financial losses for a multinational company.The message, written in English, was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language. Unsure of the word, the recipient found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary. He acted on the wrong one.Months later, senior management investigated why the project had flopped, costing hundreds o f thousands of dollars. “It all traced back to this one word,” says Chia Suan Chong, a UK-based communications skills and intercultural trainer, who didn’t reveal the tricky word because it is highly industry-specific and possibly identifiable. “Things spi ralled out of control because both parties were thinking the opposite.”When such misunderstandings happen, it’s usually the native speakers who are to blame. Ironically, they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language, according to Chong.The non-native speakers, it turns out, speak more purposefully and carefully, typical of someone speaking a second or third language. Anglophones, on the other hand, often talk too fast for others to follow, and use jokes, slang and references specific to their own culture, says Chong.“The native English speaker is the only one who might not feel the need to accommodate or adapt to the others,” she adds.Non-native speakers generally use more limited vocabulary and simpler expressions, without flowery language or slang. And then there’s cultural style, Zurich-based Michael Blattner says. When a Brit reacts to a proposal by saying “That’s interesting”, a fellow Brit might recognise this as understatement for, “That’s rubbish.” But other nationalities would take the word “interesting” on face value, he says.In Berlin, Dale Coulter, head of English at one language course provider, saw German staff of a Fortune 500 company being briefed from their Californian HQ via video link. Despite being competent in English, the Germans gleaned only the gist of what their American project leader said. So among themselves they came up with an agreed version, which might or might not have been what was intended by the California staff.It’s the native speaker who often risks missing out on closing a deal, warnsFrenchman Jean-Paul Nerriere, formerly a senior international marketing executive at IBM.“Too many non-Anglophones, especially the Asians and the French, are too concerned about not ‘losing face’ — and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all,” he says.“When trying to communicate in English with a group of people with varying levels of fluency, it’s important to be receptive and adaptable, tuning your ears into a whole range of different ways of using English”, says Jenkins, professor of global Englishes at the UK’s University of Southampton.“People who’ve learned other languages are good at doing that, but native speakers of English generally are monolingual and not very good at tuning in to language variation,” she says.In meetings, Anglophones tend to speed along at what they consider a normal pace, and also rush to fill gaps in conversation, according to Rob Steggles, senior marketing director for Europe at a telecommunications company.He recommends making the same point in a couple of different ways and asking for some acknowledg- ement, reaction or action.参照译文:区区电子邮件里的一个单词，导致一家跨国公司遭受巨大经济损失。

【2021年1月1380国开电大本科《商务英语3》期末考试试题及答案】2020国开商务英语3【2021年1月1380国开电大本科《商务英语3》期末考试试题及答案】2020国开商务英语32021年1月1380国开电大本科《商务英语3》期末考试试题及答案一、交际用语(每小题2分，共10分) 1-5题：选择正确的语句完成下面对话，并将答案序号写在答题纸上。

1.―___________________ ―According to law，they refer to transportation，construction，finance，insurance and the like，A.Do you know taxable services? B.How do you like taxable services? C.What do you mean by taxable services? [答案]C2.―Good morning.Far East Logistics Company._______________. ―Good morning.This is Maggie Bonner，I would like to know your freight forwarding business. A.May I help you? B.What do you want? C.Who is that calling? [答案]A3.―We would like to place an order for some of your C.Z deskunits. ―___________________ A.Certainly，we keep a large supply in stock B.Delivery dates depend on your location C.We recommend payment by letter of credit [答案]A 4.―I think a bus stop advertisement is a very wise chance to promote our products. ―___________________ A.Our products arepopular. B.You said it. C.I don＇t like advertisement. [答案]B 5.―Then，what kind of music are you going to have in thebackground? ―___________________ A.This is obviously too heavy.People won＇t be able to carry it. B.We＇d better use light ones.They make the audience feel comfortable. C.Our main goal is to establish our brand name among our target audience. [答案]B 二、词汇语法(每小题2分，共30分) 6-20题：阅读下面的句子，从三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的正确选项，井将答案序号写在答题纸上。

CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(三)一、Vocabulary Selection（本大题20小题．每题1.0分，共20.0分。

In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. ）第1题Marketing is ______ just distributing goods from the manufacturer to the final customer.A rather thanB other thanC bigger thanD more than第2题The magician picked several persons ______ from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.A by accidentB at randomC on occasion第3题English language publications in China are growing in volume and ______.A circulationB rotationC circumstanceD appreciation第4题Dust storms most often occur in areas where the ground has little vegetation to protect of the wind.A from the effectsB it the effectsC it from the effectsD the effects from it第5题On turning the comer, they saw the path ______ steeply.A departingB descendingC decreasing第6题Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are aA scarcityB minorityC minimum第7题With an eighty-hour week and little enjoyment, life must have been very for the students.A hostileB anxiousC tediousD obscure第8题Container-grown plants can be planted at any time of the year, but ______ in winter.A should beB would beC preferredD preferably第9题Hydroponics ______ the cultivation of plants without soil.A doesB isC doD are第10题In the eighteenth century, the town of Bennington, Vermont, was famous for pottery.A it madeB itsC the makingD where its第11题To impose computer technology ______ teachers is to create an environment that is not conducive to learning.A withB toC inD on第12题Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.A by damagingB so that they damageC to damageD damaging第13题Both longitude and latitude ______ in degrees, minutes and seconds.A measuringB measuredC are measuredD being measured第14题Our flight to Guangzhou was ______ by a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A delayedB adjournedC cancelledD preserved第15题______ of his childhood home in Hannibal, Missouri, provided Mark Twain with the inspiration for two of his most popular novels.A RememberingB MemoriesC It was the memoriesD He remembered第16题Most comets have two kinds of tails, one made up of dust, ______ made up of electrically charged particles called plasma.A one anotherB the otherC other onesD each other第17题We have had to raise the prices of our products because of the increase in the cost of materials.A primitiveB roughC originalD raw第18题______ a language family is a group of languages with a common origin and similar vocabulary, grammar, and sound system.A What linguists callB It is called by linguistsC Linguists call itD What do linguists call第19题______ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to第20题Whenever the government increases public services, ______ because more workers are needed to carry out these services.A employment to riseB employment risesC which rising employmentD the rise of employment二、Vocabulary Replacement（本大题15小题．每题1.0分，共15.0分。

Unit 11.远处松林覆盖的群山沐浴在一种不知来自何处的略带绿色的紫光里。

In the distance, mountains covered by pines were bathed in greenish purple light that seemed to come from nowhere.2.电影散场时，电影院出口人流熙熙攘攘，人们都纷纷涌出影院往家赶去。

When the movie over, the exit of the cinema was aswarm with people, and everyone poured forth and made for their home.2.她在用钱方面相当谨慎，总是偷偷把钱藏在床底下。

She is cautious about (spending) money, and always secretes it away under the bed.3.经过一周只有面包和豆子的贫困生后，他发现自己很难抵御这顿丰盛晚宴的诱惑。

After a weeks’s meager life of bread and beans, he found it hard to resist the sumptuous dinner.4.很多家长对孩子长大独立都怀有一种欣慰中交织着难过的复杂心情，可能是由于嫉妒孩子们拥有远离自己的生活，希望能完全拥有孩子。

Many parents harbor a mixed feeling of happiness threaded with sadness towards their children’s growing up and independence, maybe because they are jealous of their children’s life away fromthem, and wish to have their children all to themselves.Unit 21.如果不处理好双方相互冲突的需求、孩子、事业、家务、医生帐单等琐碎事情，婚姻是夫妻幸福、孩子安全、社会稳定的源泉这种说法只不过是空谈而已。

英语三级笔译试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. The word "economy" is derived from the Greek word "oikos", which means ______.A. houseB. moneyC. familyD. trade2. Which of the following is NOT a part of speech?A. nounB. verbC. adjectiveD. preposition3. The phrase "kick off" is commonly used to mean ______.A. to start somethingB. to remove somethingC. to avoid somethingD. to end something4. In English grammar, what is the term for a group of words that contains a subject and a predicate?A. clauseB. phraseC. sentenceD. conjunction5. Which of the following is an example of a transitive verb?A. seemB. smellC. sleepD. listen6. The idiom "break a leg" is used to ______.A. cause harmB. wish someone good luckC. describe a physical injuryD. indicate a failure7. Which of the following words is a countable noun?A. adviceB. furnitureC. informationD. knowledge8. The preposition "on" is used to indicate ______.A. locationB. timeC. directionD. reason9. The word "bachelor" originally referred to a person who has ______.A. a master's degreeB. a bachelor's degreeC. no formal educationD. completed high school10. The phrase "at the drop of a hat" means ______.A. with great difficultyB. without any hesitationC. with great delayD. with great effort答案：1. C2. D3. A4. C5. D6. B7. B8. A9. C10. B二、多项选择题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. Which of the following words can be used to describe someone who is very careful with money?A. extravagantB. frugalC. lavishD. thrifty2. Select the words that are synonyms of "increase."A. enhanceB. augmentC. diminishD. escalate3. Which of the following phrases are used to expressagreement?A. I couldn't agree moreB. You can say that againC. Tell me about itD. I beg to differ4. Choose the words that are antonyms of "visible."A. apparentB. obscureC. evidentD. hidden5. Which of the following are types of clauses?A. relative clauseB. noun clauseC. adverbial clauseD. adjective clause6. Select the words that can be used to describe a person whois very talkative.A. reticentB. loquaciousC. taciturnD. verbose7. Which of the following are prepositions that can be used with the verb "arrive"?A. atB. inC. onD. to8. Choose the words that are associated with the concept of "speed."A. rapidB. slowC. swiftD. gradual9. Which of the following phrases are used to express that something is very easy?A. a piece of cakeB. a walk in the parkC. a tough nut to crackD. a breeze10. Select the words that are related to the concept of "change."A. alterB. modifyC. preserveD. transform答案：1. B, D2. A, B, D3. A, B, C4. B, D5. A, B, C6. B, D7. A, B8. A, C9. A, B, D10. A, B, D三、判断题（每题 2 分，共 20 分）1. The word "unique" means "very common." (F)2. "A lot" can be used with both countable and uncountable nouns. (T)3. "Due to" is a preposition and can be used at the beginning of a sentence. (T)4. "Fewer" is used with countable nouns, while "less" is used with uncountable nouns. (T)5. "Passive voice" is used when the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant. (T)6. "Irregardless" is a commonly accepted word in standardEnglish. (F)7. "In case" is used to express a condition that might happen. (T)8. "Alike" is an adjective and "like" is a preposition. (T)9. "Whether" and "if" can be used interchangeably in all contexts. (F)10. "Disinterested" means "not interested." (F)答案：1. F2. T3. T4. T5. T6. F7. T8. T9. F10. F四、简答题（每题 5 分，共 20 分）1. What is the difference between "affect" and "effect"?2. Explain the use of the subjunctive mood in English.3. What is the function of an adverb in a sentence?4. How do you use the present perfect tense?答案：1. "Affect" is typically used as a verb meaning to influence or change something, while "effect" is usually a noun referring to the result or outcome of an action.2. The subjunctive mood is used to express various states of unreality such as doubt, possibility, necessity, or action that has not yet occurred. It is often used in conditional sentences and for wishes or hypothetical situations.3. An adverb modifies verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing information about time, place, manner, degree, or frequency of actions or states.4. The present perfect tense is used to describe actions that have occurred at an unspecified time before now or actions that started in the past and continue to the present. It isformed with the subject + have/has + past participle of the verb.五、讨论题（每题 5 分，共 20 分）1. Discuss the importance of idiomatic expressions in English communication.2. What are the challenges faced by non-native English speakers when learning English, and how can they overcome these challenges?3. How does the use of metaphors and similes enhance the understanding and appreciation of literature?4. What role does context play in the interpretation of words and phrases in English?答案：1. Idiomatic expressions are crucial in English communication as they convey culture-specific meanings and nuances that literal translations cannot capture. They are often used in informal speech and writing and can add color and depth to communication, making it more engaging and authentic.2. Non-native English speakers may face challenges such as pronunciation, understanding idiomatic expressions, and grammatical structures. They can overcome these challenges by practicing regularly, engaging with native speakers, using language learning resources, and immersing themselves inEnglish-speaking environments.3. Metaphors and similes in literature create vivid imagery and comparisons that help readers understand abstract concepts or complex ideas. They can evoke emotions and enhance the reader's engagement with the text, making the narrative more relatable and memorable.4. Context plays a significant role in the interpretation of words and phrases in English as it provides clues about the intended meaning. Without context, words can have multiple interpretations, leading to confusion. Understanding the context helps in disambiguating words and grasping the intended message accurately.。

2021年下半年英语三级笔译（CATTI 3) 实务考试真题及参考译文Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)Translate the following passage into Chinese.Some airlines have advised passengers not to lean back in economy class, which has triggered off a debate. Some think that airlines should lock their economy seats from reclining (后倾) permanently and should immediately stop using the phrase "sit back, relax and enjoy the flight". That's an invitation to lean back all the way. But others think that it is the God-given right of passengers to recline. If you click around the internet for a while, you will find that this debate is far from settled.There are several arguments against reclining. First, reclining your airline seat is unacceptable because we're literally out of space. There's no space to recline. Airlines are trying to squeeze more passengers on a plane to make more money. Before airline deregulation, many economy class seats had a generous 36 inches of "pitch", a rough measure of legroom. Today, some seats have as little as 28 inches.Second, it is a moral issue. If you recline your airplane seat, you'll probably end up in someone's lap. A frequent air traveler says, "what do you do if the person in front of you reclines all the way? What if you turn around to discover that a 6-foot-4 passenger seated behind you? Do you eat your meal in your lap while the tray table cuts into your stomach or do you reclines well and crush the legs of the person behind you?" Another traveler says, "seat reclining is one of the most irritating, inconvenient, self-indulgent habits. "You'll invade another passenger's personal space, which might lead to an unfriendly confrontation. So it is rude to recline, and it is wrong. Most folks would rather sacrifice the 2 inches of reclining backward not to have someone siting in their lap for the distance of a fight." I wish all airlines would eliminate the recline function," says a retired Air Force inspector.But if there is no room to recline your airplane seat, and it's wrong, why do so many airlines still allow it? Because if they didn't, it would be an admission that they no longer care about your comfort. Airlines are stacking you into a plane like cargo.Furthermore, the airline industry loves the seat reclining argument because it divides us. And while we're arguing about 2 inches of personal space, they are busy collecting more money from passengers and slowly removing even more room. Whether you think reclining your airline seat is wrong or not, let's agree on one thing: Greedy airlines got us to this point. Fighting over the scraps of space won't fix it. If we ever needed thoughtful government regulation, maybe it is now.Reclining an airline seat is still allowed on most flights. Here's how to deal with someone who leans into your airspace. Ask them to lean forward. Timing and tone are important here.The moment someone leans back, gently tap the person on the shoulder and politely ask them if it would be possible not to recline their seat, or get a flight attendant involved. Some leaner are clever and wait for you to go to the restroom before leaning. Then they feign sleep,which makes you reluctant to bother them. You can always ask a fight attendant for help.【参考译文】：一些航空公司建议经济舱的旅客不要将座椅靠背后倾，由此引发了一场争论。