湖南师范大学考博英语真题2008答案解析

考博英语（语法）历年真题试卷汇编2(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. GrammarGrammar1．That grand-sized pine tree______the horizon.(北京大学2005年试题)A．stands up well againstB．stands out good toC．stands out well againstD．stands up good to正确答案：C解析：stand out against sth．的意思是“突出，显眼”，符合题意。

stand up against 的意思是“抵抗，反对，同……对抗”；stand out to sth．无此搭配；stand up to sth．的意思是“经得起磨损”。

本题是说巨大的松树突出地显现在地平线上。

因此C项为正确答案。

2．“The effect of this medicine______by midnight,”the doctor told Emma, “You had better not try to read tonight. “(北京大学2005年试题)A．will wear offB．wears offC．will have worn offD．will be worn off正确答案：B解析：当表示普遍规律时应用一般现在时，因此B项为正确答案。

3．______, the guest speaker was ushered into the auditorium hall to give the lecture.(北京大学2005年试题)A．Being shown around the campusB．Having shown to the campusC．After been shown around the campusD．Having been shown around the campus正确答案：D解析：因为在was ushered into the auditorium hall之前就发生了be shown aroundthe campus这一动作，所以应用完成时的被动语态。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题The teacher was in a rage with him, for his handwriting in the composition was （） .问题1选项A.illegibleB.incomprehensibleC.inaudibleD.decipherable【答案】A【解析】illegible难以辨认的, 字迹潦草的；incomprehensible费解的, 不可思议的；inaudible听不见的；decipherable可辨认的, 可解密的。

句意：老师对他很生气, 因为他的作文字迹潦草。

选项A符合句意。

2.单选题______ to tell us that the interest of the individual should be subordinate to that of the collective?问题1选项A.Were you usedB.Are you usedC.Did you useD.Do you used【答案】C【解析】考查固定句型。

句意：你不是经常告诉我们个人的利益应该从属于集体的利益吗？sb. used to do“某人过去常常做某事”，其一般疑问句为did sb. use to do；sb. be used to (doing) sth.“习惯于（做）某事”，其一般疑问句为be动词提前；be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”。

结合语境，这里指的是过去常常告诉我们某事，C选项Did you use符合题意。

因此C选项正确。

3.单选题In North America, the first canoes were constructed from logs and（）by means of wooden paddles.问题1选项A.dockedB.propelledC.chokedD.perceived【答案】B【解析】dock使靠码头；propel推进, 驱使；choke阻塞, 抑制；perceive觉察, 感知。

考博英语（词汇）历年真题试卷汇编59(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabularyStructure and V ocabulary1．Nobody knew how he came up with this______ idea about the trip.(2004年清华大学考博试题)A．wearyB．twilightC．unanimousD．weird正确答案：D解析：本句空格处意为“提出这个怪主意”。

weird的意思是“怪异的”，与句意相符。

而“weary疲倦的：twilight模糊的；unanimous意见一致的”都不正确。

2．An old woman was badly hurt in ______the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack.(2003年复旦大学考博试题)A．thatB．whichC．whatD．whatever正确答案：C解析：本题也可以用“An old woman was badly hurt in an accident that the police describe as an apparently motiveless attack”来表达。

因此，能代替an accident that的只有what。

3．He thought I was lying, ______ I was telling the truth.A．hithertoB．henceforthC．whereasD．nevertheless正确答案：C解析：whereas conj．(表示对比关系)然而，但是，尽管(如：One arrived promptly，whereas the others were late．Some praise him，whereas others condemn him．)。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Nylon is a (n)（）material; it can be used to make a great many things.问题1选项poundB.imitationC.versatileD.crystal【答案】C【解析】compound复合的；imitation人造的，仿制的；versatile多用的，万能的；crystal水晶的，透明的。

根据下句：尼龙可以用来做很多东西，说明尼龙用途广泛，选项C符合句意。

2.单选题We shall probably never be able to（） the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles.问题1选项A.assertrmC.ascertainD.notify 【答案】C【解析】assert断言，声称；inform通知；ascertain探明，确定；notify通知，公布。

句意：我们可能永远无法确定这些亚原子粒子的确切性质。

选项C符合句意。

3.单选题Videoconferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera through the videoconferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphic and physical （1） can be captured and transmitted through the communication system with or without wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very （2） and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or the（3） behind bandwidth, latency and isochrony which are used to explain how videoconferencing works. Good people communication is（4） in any business, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your （5） will be the right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but also note （6） expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking. Meeting are made more（7）by sharing documents and computer applications that a simple telephone cannot （8） . （9）, organizations are discovering the competitive advantages and the power of videoconferencing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to （10） essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardized videoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.问题1选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题2选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题3选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题4选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题5选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题6选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.conceptsM.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题7选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题8选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题9选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.concepts M.picturesN.increasingly O.important问题10选项A.fortunatelyB.effectiveC.imagesD.articulateE.facialF.manageG.decisionsH.connectI.advancedJ.integrate K.progressive L.conceptsM.picturesN.increasinglyO.important【答案】第1题:C第2题:I第3题:L第4题:O第5题:G第6题:E第7题:B第8题:F第9题:N第10题:J【解析】（1）分析句子结构可知填空处应填入名词, 再由句意可知, 被拍摄且传输应该是images, 所以选项C正确。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题We shall probably never be able to（） the exact nature of these sub-atomic particles.问题1选项A.assertrmC.ascertainD.notify【答案】C【解析】assert断言，声称；inform通知；ascertain探明，确定；notify通知，公布。

句意：我们可能永远无法确定这些亚原子粒子的确切性质。

选项C符合句意。

2.单选题Among all societies legal marriage is usually accompanied by some kind of ceremony that express group（）of the union.问题1选项A.opinionB.consistencyC.insistenceD.approval 【答案】D【解析】opinion观点, 主张；consistency一致性, 相容性；insistence坚持, 强调；approval批准, 认可, 赞同。

句意：在所有社会中, 合法的婚姻通常伴随着某种仪式, 表达群体对婚姻的认可。

选项D符合语境。

3.单选题Back in 1992, Thomas Edison predicted that “the motion picture is destined to revolutionize our educational system and .... in a few years it will supplant largely, if not entirely, the use of textbooks.” Well, we all make mistakes. But at least Edison did not squander vast quantities of public money on installing cinema screens in schools around the country.With computers, the story has been different. Many governments have packed them into schools, convinced that their presence would improve the pace and efficiency of learning. Large numbers of studies, some more academically respectable than others, have purported to show that computers help children to learn. Now, however, a study that compares class with computers against similar classes without them casts doubt on that view.In the current Economic Journal, Joshua Angrist of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Victor Lavy of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem look at a scheme which put computers into many of Israel’s primary and middle schools in the mid-1990s. Dr Angrist and Dr Lavy compare the test scores for math and Hebrew achieved by children in the fourth and eighth grades (ie, aged about nine and 13) in schools with and without computers. They also asked the classes’ teachers how they used various teaching materials, such as Xeroxed worksheets and, of course, computer programs. The researchers found that the Israeli scheme had much less effect on teaching methods in middle schools than in elementary schools. It also found no evidence that the use of computers improved children’s test scores. In fact, it found the reverse. In the case of the math scores of fourth-graders, there was a consistently negative relationship between computer use and test scores.The authors offer three possible explanations of why this might be. First, the introduction of computers into classrooms might have gobbled up cash that would otherwise have paid for other aspects of education. But that is unlikely in this case since the money for the programmer came from the national lottery, and the study found no significant change in teaching resources, methods or training in schools that acquired computers through the scheme.A second possibility is that the transition to using computers in instruction takes time to have an effect. Maybe, say the author, but the schools surveyed had been using the scheme’s computers for a full school year. That was enough for the new computers to have had a large (and apparently malign) influence on fourth-grade math scores. The third explanation is the simplest: that the use of computers in teaching is no better (and perhaps worse) than other teaching methods.The bottom line, says Dr Angrist, is that “the costs are clear-cut and the benefits aremurky”. The burden of proof now lies with the promoters of classroom computers. And the only reliable way to make their case is ,surely, to conduct a proper study, with children randomly allocated to teachers who use computers and teachers who use other methods, including the cheapest of all: chalk and talk.1.We can learn from the first paragraph that（）.2.Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy have done the following except（）.3.According to Dr. Angrist and Dr. Lavy, in the Israeli scheme, students didn’t make improvement in their test scores because（）.4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that（）.5.The author’s attitude towards governments’ packing computers in schools seems to be（）.问题1选项A.motion picture has revolutionized education systemB.Edison’s prediction has been proved wrongC.Edison encouraged schools to install cinema screensD.Schools are cautious about Edison’s idea问题2选项paring the test scores of students in different age groups.B.interviewing teachers about their teaching methods.unching the computer program in many Israeli schools.D.explaining students’ school performance.问题3选项A.other aspects of education were affected due to cash shortageB.it was not long enough for the program to take effectC.there was a negative relationship between computer use and test scoresD.the use of computer was no better than other teaching methods问题4选项A.there hasn’t been a proper study on this issue yetB.school authorities should provide proof to support the computer programC.installing computers in schools costs too much, but has little or no effectD.chalk and talk work better than computer in teaching问题5选项A.biasedB.indifferentC.disapprovingD.puzzling【答案】第1题:B第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-湖南师范大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Professor Hawking is（）as one of the world’s greatest living physicists.问题1选项A.dignifiedB.clarifiedC.acknowledgedD.illustrated【答案】C【解析】dignify使高贵，授予荣誉；clarify澄清，阐明；acknowledge承认，认可；illustrate阐明，举例。

句意：霍金教授被公认是当今世界上最伟大的物理学家之一。

选项C符合语境。

2.翻译题参与并取胜，这就是奥林匹克精神。

他表现于弱者勇于向强者挑战，也表现于强者力争取得更好的成绩。

胜而又胜，优而更优，这种理想一直鼓舞着运动员奋力前进。

有人说竞技者终宄会是失败者，即使是最佳运动员也终将被更强者淘汰。

成千上万个失败者才涌现一个胜利者，这个胜利者最终仍将被取代，挤出光荣榜——这就是竞技运动的规律。

然而运动员却从不为这种不可避免的失败结局所沮丧，仍然力争最佳发挥。

【答案】To participate and to win—that is the Olympic spirit. It finds expression in the weak daring to defy the strong, and the strong striving for ever better performance. Ever better—the ideal always luring a sportsman forward. It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated—even the best is bound to be surpassed by someone still stronger. Thousands of losers set off one victor who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honor list. This is the rule of sports. However, undaunted by the inevitable failure, he is always striving to do the best he can.3.单选题He gave us an（）consent to take the apples, for he smiled when he saw us do it问题1选项A.exaggeratedB.implicitC.impartialD.extravagant【答案】B【解析】exaggerated夸张的；implicit含蓄的, 暗示的；impartial公正的；extravagant奢侈的, 浪费的。

湖南师范大学考博英语真题2006答案解析PartⅠReading ComprehensionPassage 11.答案A解析：文章论述的是basic research 和applied research,即基础研究和应用研究。

应用研究就是将基础研究应用于实际的应用中，以创造更多的利益。

所以A中x-rays used in medicine researches 意为将X射线用于医学研究中，属于应用研究的范围。

而另外从第一段的第四行的understanding of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell……… the scope is staggerin g.这一句话是在讲述basic research的范围，B、C、D均属于基础研究的范畴。

故A为答案。

2.答案A解析：从第一段的第四行的understanding of the structure of the atom or the nerve cell………the scope is staggerin g中可知属于basic research 的研究很多，很混乱。

故A 中confusing令人困后的符合文意。

BCD选项的意思分别为令人惊讶的、高兴地、迷人的，均不符合文意。

故A 为答案3.答案C解析：由第二段的内容：which is far more concerned with applied aspects because these profits quickly可知答案为C4.答案C解析：从第二段中the funds the U.S. government allots to basic research currently amount to about seven percent of its overall research and development funds,可知美国政府花在基础研究的的经费很少，重心也不在基础研究上，故C为答案。

湖南师范大学考博英语真题2009答案解析PartⅠReading ComprehensionPassage 11.答案D解析：根据第一段After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity).在这句话中，关键词leveled off 的意思是“呈平稳状态”，所以只有D 符合此意。

2.答案D解析：由第一段的When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance可知新产品在刚开始时难以让消费者接受。

四个选项中符合这个意思的只有D。

3.答案A解析：根据第二段的第一句话The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies.可知产品策略在产品销售中至关重要。

只有了解产品销售环节中的四个阶段才能制定相应的策略。

4.答案B解析：根据第二段的最后的一句话One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military? 可知“look for new users and market sections寻找新的市场的重要性”，即B选项中的exploring new market sections。

育明考博免费咨询报名电话：400-668-6978咨询QQ：493371626（李老师）2015考博QQ交流群1056198202015考博QQ英语群3354889032015考博QQ专业课群1574604162015湖南师范大学考博英语分析一、招考介绍从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。

攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。

二、联系导师在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。

大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。

因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。

一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。

在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。

如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。

通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。

导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种：（1）、欢迎报考。

这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。

我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。

（2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。

很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。

其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。

(3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。

不可否认，这是最好的情况，你可以放心的去考，一般不会出问题的。

但不排除偶然，像出现直博和本学校的硕转博名额问题，可能会给我们的报考和录取产生影响。

总之考博凭的是实力和自身的本事，关系只是占一部分，自己努力了就行，不用过分纠结于导师回复有没有啥隐含意思的。

English Test for Doctoral Candidates （A卷）Dec。

28，2008Part I Listening Comprehension （20%）Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and question will be spoken only once。

After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A，B，C and D, and decide which is the best answer。

Then mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet I witha single line through the center。

1. A。

T ouch all his friends.B. Write a lot.C. Have a lot of time.D。

H ave a lot of friends。

2。

A。

T o work for a small company.B。

T o start a large company.C. To be independent.D。

T o graduate.3. A。

B uy a new car.B。

G o to a new store。

C。

F ind a new repair shop。

D. Take a different bus.4。