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高考英语阅读理解解题技巧最新套路高考英语阅读理解是英语的重点，很多同学无法搞得清其中的技巧在哪里。
下面是小编收集整理的高考英语阅读理解解题技巧最新，欢迎大家阅读参考学习！高考英语阅读理解解题技巧最新1.通读全文，掌握大意。
做阅读理解题一定要学会通过从整体上理解短文的大意及中心思想，领会出题人的意图。
切忌人为地将短文搞得支离破碎，逐词逐句地去感知材料，看一句或几句做一个题目，这样会影响答题的正确率。
但是对于一些长句和难句要作语法分析，以便掌握短文的大意和每个句子的确切含义。
短文的开头和结尾往往是全文内容的概括，对理解、推理都会有很大的帮助。
2.细审题意，获取信息。
在审题时要弄清楚试题问的是细节(如人物、时间、地点);还是主题大意;是事实还是观点;是从正面问还是从反面问。
看清试题后，带着问题再回到正文中去寻找有关的句子、段落，获取重要的信息。
然后把所获得的信息点与所给的答案逐一进行认真地比较，以便作出正确的判断。
3.分层推理，正确答题。
有些理解题可以直接从短文中找到答案，有些深层次的理解题在短文中找不到直接的信息点，要经过分析推理，从已有的信息链中判断文章的意思。
即应以短文中提供的间接信息点为依据，根据作者的意图，凭借你们自己的社会文化知识和生活经验，加进短文中所没有明确表述的却又与主题有联系的思想和信息，进行合乎逻辑的推理，从而确定正确的选项。
高中英语阅读理解复习方法首先，我们应该加强英语课外阅读，只要大量阅读，才能够对文章有一定的感觉。
其次，一定要多记忆一些单词，词汇量对于阅读理解是非常重要的一个方面。
第三，阅读理解的每道题设计，都是结合文章来给出的，所以，必须通读文章。
第四，在读文章的时候，因为时间关系应该简略读出文章的大意，而不是精度。
第五，我们也可以采用先看问题，再重点根据问题来在文章中寻找答案的方法。
高考英语阅读理解注意事项在英语的阅读方面，注意把握篇章的整体信息，充分考虑线索的提示，仔细审题并提取重要信息点。
最新高考英语阅读理解解题技巧高考英语阅读理解是考察考生的综合理解能力和阅读技巧的重要环节。
以下是一些解题技巧，帮助你在高考中更好地完成阅读理解题目。
1.答题顺序一般来说，阅读理解题目按照文章的顺序排列，所以可以按照文章的顺序解答问题。
这样做有助于理解文章的逻辑结构，同时可以帮助你掌握文章的主旨和细节。
2.细致阅读在阅读文章时，要细致阅读每一段落的细节。
仔细阅读文中的关键词、短语和句子，这对于理解文章的内容和答题是非常重要的。
3.能力定位理解问题的类型和要求，并借助关键词将其与文章信息匹配。
有些问题可能直接要求你从文章中找到一些具体的细节，而有些问题则要求你理解文章的整体意义。
4.掌握解题顺序在回答问题时，可以根据问题的类型和答案所需要的信息的顺序进行解题。
一般来说，问题的类型包括主旨题、细节题、推理题和态度观点题。
5.找寻依据阅读理解题目的答案都来自于文章，所以在回答问题时，要有依据。
可以通过主旨句、关键词、短语等来找到答案的依据。
6.注意词义有时候，考题中的一些词语可能有多个词义，需要根据上下文来判断其具体含义。
因此，在回答问题时，要注意理解词义。
7.掌握词汇和语法在阅读理解中，遇到不熟悉的词汇或者复杂的句子，掌握一定的词汇和语法知识对于理解文章和解题是非常重要的。
8.预测选项在回答问题时，可以提前预测选项。
通过阅读问题和文章，你可以在脑海中构造答案的范围。
这样，在阅读选项时，你可以将已经构建的答案范围与选项进行比较。
9.多做练习练习多做一是为了掌握更多技巧和策略，二是为了提高自己的速度和准确性。
通过多做练习，你会对不同题型和解题思路有更好的理解。
总之，在高考英语阅读理解中，提高阅读能力、词汇量和解题技巧是非常重要的。
希望以上的技巧和建议对你的备考有所帮助。
祝你在高考中取得好成绩！。
高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧和解题方法优选份高考英语阅读理解的答题技巧和解题方法 11、阅读理解的考查要求;(1)读材料的主旨和大意，以积极用以说明主旨和大意的事实和细节。
(2)既了解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念(3)既理解字面的意思，也理解深层的含义，包括作者的态度和意图等(4)理解某句某段的含义，理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断(5)既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合常识去理解阅读理解选择题目类型;细节理解题、词句理解题、主题、主旨题、猜测词义题、推理判断题。
2、答题技巧和解题方法(1)略读法。
关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够多的信息来回答有关主旨和大意的问题。
要特别注意文章首尾两段;第一段往往点明文章的主题或者作者意图而最后一段常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。
要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思归纳起来实际就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落的中间或结尾。
多用于议论文、应用文主旨大意题及细节题的考查。
(2)查阅法：考生可以不阅读整篇文章，只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。
查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即：谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关内容或具体的数字。
多用于图表类的应用文。
(3)同义互释法：在高考中有些深层理解题或推理判断题可以采用同义互释法。
即题干中的关键词和文章中的关键句中的关键词意思用法是否接近或一致。
(4)判断推理法;有时四个选项中不止一个可以作为答案，这时该意识到该题是推理判断题，要根据文章的主旨和作者的`意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出最佳答案。
3.具体要求;(1)弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。
对不同体裁文章，根据其题材特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读正确理解。
记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件、然后详细叙述原因。
议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。
说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。
高考英语阅读理解（经典题型解题技巧）超级攻略！附：满分作文写作模板！分析历年高考英语试卷，我们可将阅读理解归纳为以下几种题型：主旨大意题，细节理解题，推理判断题（含写作意图、目的等），词义猜测题。
英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略是学生提高阅读理解多需要具备的。
下面老师整理了高考英语阅读理解（经典题型+解题技巧）大全！同时还汇集了高考英语6大书信写作模板的固定套路，包括：建议信、邀请信、口头通知、申请信、投诉信、和道歉信的篇章布局以及首段、中段、尾段所需的重要句型，希望能对您的高考英语写作有所帮助！高考英语阅读理解01主旨大意题这类题在设题时常会用到title, subject, main idea, topic, theme 等词。
1.归纳标题题特点：短小精悍，一般多为一个短语；涵盖性强，一般能覆盖全文意思；精确性强，表达范围要恰当，不能随意改变语意程度或色彩。
常见命题形式有：What’s the best titl e for the text?The best title for this passage is ___.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?真题范例Why is pink or purple a color for girls and blue or brown for boys? The answer depends largely on cultural values as well as personal experiences. To the Egyptians, green was a color thatrepresented the hope and joy of spring, while for Muslims, it means heaven. Red is a symbol of good luck in many cultures. In China, children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year. For many nations, blue is a symbol of protection and religious beliefs. Greek people often wear a blue necklace hoping to protect themselves against evils (灾祸).People's choice of colors is also influenced by their bodies' reactions (反应) toward them. Green is said to be the most restful color. It has the ability to reduce pain and relax people both mentally and physically. People who work in green environment have been found to have fewer stomach aches.Red can cause a person's blood pressure to rise and increase people's appetites (食欲). Many decorators will include different shades of red in the restaurant. Similarly, many commercial websites will have a red 'Buy Now' button because red is a color that easily catches a person's eye.Blue is another calming color. Unlike red, blue can cause people to lose appetite. So if you want to eat less, some suggest that eating from blue plates can help.The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room, think about the color carefully.63. Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?A. Colors and Human BeingsB. The Cultural Meaning of ColorC. Colors and Personal ExperiencesD. The Meaning and Function of Color答案：D2.概括大意题包括寻找段落大意（topic）和文章中心思想（main idea），常见命题形式有：What is the general/main idea of the passage？ Which of the following expresses the main idea？What is the subject discussed in the text?BThe writer of the story wants to tell us that_____. The passage/ text is mainly about_____. What’s the article mainly about ？★真题范例Joshua Bingham studied 4 years at the University of Paris and decided to leave his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.Q: What is the main idea of the passage? ＿＿A. How Joshua Bingham became a lawyer.B. Bingham is a diligent student.C. Joshua Bingham received an excellent education.D. A good lawyer needs good education.答案：C解题思路:此文没有主题句。
高考英语阅读理解满分技巧高考英语阅读理解满分技巧社会生活的信息化和经济的全球化，使英语的重要性日益突出。
下面打算了高考英语阅读理解满分技巧，希望你喜爱。
一、读不完文章，做不完题，为什么？1.是没有养成良好的做题习惯。
有些同学做题瞻前顾后，无法立刻进入考试惊慌状态，时间奢侈在了考试以外的事情上。
2.是心态不好，考场氛围惊慌，考生更惊慌。
总盯着其他同学做到哪里了，听到翻卷子的声音就特别惊慌，更别提做题了。
3.是没有好的做题方法，对阅读理解题分析不够。
解决方案：1、平衡心态。
考试对心态要求很高，既要惊慌又不能过分惊慌，既要自信又不能自暴自弃。
2、做题方法。
这里只强调做题依次，大家更倾向于哪种呢?是A→Q→A(A=Article，Q=Question)，即先从整体去阅读文章，后看问题，还是Q→A→Q，即先把整个问题快速看一遍，然后带着问题在文章中找答案?选用前者的学生是心里缘由在作怪，总觉得不读文章就看题似乎确定做不对似的，心里很不踏实。
我建议大家选用后者。
依据效率原则和目标原则，首先要求学生加强具有目的性的训练，我们要的是什么，通过什么途径可以达到，而且更快更好的达到。
此种方法最大的特点就是节约时间，而且针对性很强，假如问题是事实性的和细微环节性的，那精确率也是比较高的，但它的缺点就是在解决具有推理推断或是综合性的问题时效果就不太明显了。
这样大家要敏捷运用两者方法，找寻适合自己的解题技巧。
二、如何应对中学英语阅读中的长难句？近年来，英语阅读解题加强了对长，难句的考察，阅读材料中出现了不少省略句，复合句和特长句，给正确理解全文造成了很大困难。
事实上，一般状况下，不在长难句中设题。
文章难，题不难。
一旦考到长，难句，大家也不要心慌。
应对长难句的解题技巧：1利用还原法复原句型的原貌。
例如：Betty shrugs. Talk? Were friends.(20xx全国，C)该句为省略句，依据上文Harold对妻子长时间跟女友谈话而感到纳闷的状况，该剧课补充还原为：Betty shrugs. Why are we talking so long? Were friends.2 成分分析法。
高考英语阅读理解题的解题技巧高考英语阅读理解题是考生们备受关注的一部分，因为阅读理解题占据了整个英语考试的相当大比例，而且在分数统计中又有着重要地位。
如何在有限的时间内有效地解决阅读理解题成了考生们急需掌握的技巧。
下面将从题型分析、解题技巧、注意事项等方面为大家介绍高考英语阅读理解题的解题技巧。
一、题型分析阅读理解题通常包括多种题型，如：细节理解题、主旨大意题、推断题、归纳题等。
不同题型对于考生的词汇量、语法知识、阅读能力等都有着不同的要求，考生们在复习备考的时候需要将不同题型分开学习。
以下是几种常见的题型及其解题技巧：1. 细节理解题细节理解题要求考生根据文章内容，找出与问题相关的具体细节。
解题时需要仔细阅读原文，将题干中的信息与原文进行对比，找到答案。
解答此类题目时，考生需要注意细节，尤其是数字、时间、地点等，确保不出现偏差。
2. 主旨大意题主旨大意题一般要求考生从文章中找出文章的中心思想或主旨大意。
解答此类题目时，需要考生抓住文章的中心思想，而不是纠缠于细节。
阅读文章时需要注意整体把握，理清文章的结构，确保对文章的主题有全面的理解。
3. 推断题推断题要求考生通过对文章内容的推理和理解，进行推断、判断。
解答此类题目时，需要考生通过对文章的深入理解和推理，找出隐含在文章中的信息，做出合理的推断。
4. 归纳题归纳题要求考生根据文章内容整合、概括信息，进行归纳。
解答此类题目时，需要考生对文章进行整体的分析和综合，抓住文章的主要内容，进行概括。
二、解题技巧1. 通读全文在解答阅读理解题时，首先要通读全文，了解文章的主题、结构以及作者的观点和态度。
通过通读全文，可以获得文章的整体把握，帮助考生更好地理解文章，为后续的解题打下基础。
解答每道题目时，要仔细审题，理解问题的要求。
对题目中的关键词进行标注，帮助自己找到答案所在的位置。
在解答细节题时，要特别注意原文中的细节信息，确保自己找到了正确的答案。
3. 抓住文章结构在解答主旨大意题时，要抓住文章的结构，理清文章的中心思想和主题。
阅读理解可谓是英语考试的大题了，常说得阅读者得高分，此话一点不假，那么英语阅读理解有没有什么方法来进行提升呢？一、阅读理解“潜规则”1.原句重复出现，200%错。
正确的一般都是有改动的，即同义替换。
2.文章是按顺序出题的。
你要觉得不是，就是你可能做错了。
3.选项中意思完全相反的2个选项，其中之一是对的。
（要有这个意识）。
4.就一般而言，some people，表作者不认同的观点。
few people，表作者的观点。
5.用文章里举例的句子来做为选项，直接排除。
200%错。
（要有能辨别这个选项是不是文章中例子的能力）。
6.某某人说的话，或者是带引号的，一定要高度重视。
尤其是在段落的后半部分，很有可能就是某个问题的同义替换。
即题眼。
7.有的时候，一句话可以设2个问题。
不过这种情况很少出现了，非常少。
8.文章基本以5段为主（也有6段、7段的），要把握每段之间的关系。
一般来说，一段一个题，只是一般来说哦。
9.一篇文章总会有5、6+个长难句，且总会在这里设问题。
所以，长难句必须要拿下！！10.每段的第一句很重要。
尤其总分结构的段。
有的时候第一句话就是题眼。
在英语考试中，总分结构或者总分总的段落很多。
11.若文章首段以why为开头的，这里若设题的话，选项里有because的，往往就是正确选项。
不过这种类型的题，很少见了。
12.有时候每段的第一句话，仅仅是一个表述。
而在第2或3句以后，会出现对比或者转折。
一般来说，转折后面的是作者的态度。
你要注意的是，作者对什么进行了转折。
那个关键词你要找出来。
13.在应该出现答案的地方，没有答案。
接着往下读。
答案可能会在下一段的开头部分。
因为文章都是接着说的，要有连贯性。
14.一个长句看不懂，接着往下看，下一句可能是这个长句的解释说明。
若是，这个地方可能会出题。
命出题的话，答案就在这附近。
而实际情况是，文章在谈论某个问题或提出某个观点时，有时会再做进一步的解释说明。
这种情况下，这里往往会设问题。
高中高考英语阅读理解答题技巧(完全版)介绍阅读理解是高中英语高考中一个重要的考察内容。
掌握一些解题技巧可以帮助你更好地应对阅读理解题目。
本文将介绍一些高中高考英语阅读理解答题技巧，帮助你提升答题效果。
技巧一：抓关键词阅读理解题目中通常会涉及一些关键词或短语，抓住这些关键词可以帮助我们更好地理解文章的主旨和细节。
在阅读时，可以将关键词划下来或在旁边做记号，以便在回答问题时能快速定位相关信息。
技巧二：理解文章结构和逻辑关系阅读理解文章通常采用一种特定的结构，比如问题和答案、因果关系、对比等。
理解文章的结构可以帮助我们更好地理解文章的意思和作者的观点。
此外，注意文章中不同句子之间的逻辑关系，可以帮助我们推断出一些隐含信息。
技巧三：多读多练阅读理解需要一定的积累和练。
多读一些不同类型的文章，了解不同的观点和写作风格。
同时，多做一些阅读理解练题，提高在有限时间内的阅读和解题速度。
技巧四：留意关键词修饰在阅读理解题目中，关键词往往会被修饰或限制。
留意这些修饰词可以帮助我们更准确地理解和回答问题。
比如，形容词、副词、数量词等都可以给我们一些线索。
技巧五：注意文章细节阅读理解问题往往会涉及到文章的细节信息。
细致阅读文章，注意细节，是回答问题的关键。
可以通过划线、做笔记等方式，帮助我们快速找到文章中的相关细节信息。
技巧六：分析选项在回答阅读理解问题时，要注意分析选项之间的区别。
有时候，选项之间的差异非常细微，需要我们仔细比较。
排除一些明显错误的选项，可以更有针对性地选择正确答案。
技巧七：综合能力阅读理解是一项综合能力的考察，除了阅读理解技巧外，还需要有一定的英语词汇量和语法知识。
因此，在备考过程中，要注重词汇和语法的研究，并进行相关练。
希望以上技巧对你在高中高考英语阅读理解中有所帮助。
加强练习，灵活运用这些技巧，相信你能够取得好成绩！加油！。
高考英语阅读理解的解题技巧高考英语阅读理解的解题技巧高考英语试卷中有阅读理解的题型，这类题目要运用适当的技巧来答题才能答得又快又准。
英语阅读理解有哪些技巧可用？下面是店铺为您整理的关于高考英语阅读答题技巧，希望对您有所帮助!高考英语阅读答题技巧1.先审题，后阅读在做阅读理解部分的试题时，许多学生急于先精读文章，而不看题目所问。
期刊文章分类查询,尽在期刊图书馆而事实上，对于一些特殊的文章首先应该对后面的题目浏览一下，弄清楚每一道题问的是什么，然后再带着问题有目地地阅读文章。
例如：2010年全国卷I阅读理解A 文章以条例文本框的形式出现，如先精读文章就没有太大的作用，反而浪费时间，不利于文章的理解。
碰到这样类型的文章，应该先看题目然后直接带着问题找答案。
2.精读全文，找到主旨高考阅读理解的考查点是理解文章的主旨和要义，这就需要我们在读文章时找准文章的主旨句，理解文章大意。
一般情况下，在一些新闻报道中，主题句一般都出现在文章的第一段，以概括全文的中心。
而在说明文或者议论文中，作者则在段首开门见山地提出文章说明的中心或阐述的观点或在篇末概括全文，少部分文章的中心句出现在句中，而极少部分文章的主旨需要读完全文来进行自我概括。
总之，找到主题句对做主旨大意题有很大帮助，而高考阅读理解则以这样的题目出现得较多，也是近几年来考题的一个热点，几乎每个阅读里面都会出现，所以一定要加强这一部分的训练。
3.扫读文章，划出细节事实细节是文章的有机组成部分，是作者表达中心思想的具体手段。
在高考阅读考查中，命题人一般都是通过对文章的细节加以改写，以考查学生准确理解细节的'能力，因此，在阅读文章时，要养成边读边划的习惯，把文章中所涉及的时间、数据、地点、原因结果、人名、事实、手段目的等具体细节划出来。
这一类题通常以疑问词who/what,when,where,why,which,how等提问。
4.理解文章，推理判断推理判断题是高考阅读理解题的重头戏，是阅读理解中层次较高的试题，而且作者经常不把我们需要的理解直接表达出来，而是需要我们去领悟文章的内在含义。
最新★高考英语阅读理解名师真题预测及满分答题技巧高考状元状元怎样考一百四十分上？？？高考英语高分模型，彻底告别英语死记硬背的模式，考什么就学什么，怎么考就怎么学，用最少的时间拿最高的分数。
英语阅读理解题答题全攻略高考阅读的时间分配问题：1. 4篇75—80分钟，平均每篇15—20分钟。
2. 读文章的时间分配：用6—8分钟完成第一遍阅读，10—14分钟来琢磨题目，每题平均2分钟。
高考阅读的特点：①文章单词量不大，但句型结构复杂。
(熟背大纲，将每篇文章中的长难句摘录下来，加以背诵)②作者的观点不一定明确。
③选项的迷惑性比较大。
阅读理解中做题误区：1. 读的太快，做题靠印象和直觉。
(要求每一道题回到原文去找答案)2. 先看题目，后读文章。
(与先读文章后看题目的比较)高考阅读方法：先通读全文，重点读首段、各段的段首段尾句，然后其他部分可以略读，再审题定位，重叠选项，选出答案。
要有把握文章宏观结构、中心句的能力。
3. 阅读中需要特别注意并做记号的有：①标志类、指示类的信息。
a.表示并列关系:and;also;coupled with等b.表示转折关系:but;yet;however;by contrast等c.表示因果关系:therefor;thereby;consequently;as a result等d.表示递进关系:in addition to;even;what'more;furthermore等e.表示重要性的词: prime;above all;first等以上关键词有助于我们对文章逻辑结构的把握②具有感情色彩显示作者态度的词:blind盲目的(贬)excessively过分的(贬)其他总结1. 阅读的启示：①短文中的一些难以理解的句子有时并不会对理解全篇产生很大的障碍。
②把握文章结构，抓住文章的核心概念。
③踏踏实实地提高自己的阅读水平(70%)，并且要掌握一定的阅读方法和技巧(30%)。
要能够分辨哪些信息要读哪些信息不读。
④考试阅读的最高目的：做题。
阅读理解的重要原则：模糊中求准确。
2. 做题的启示：①排除了两项之后，要选择与文章中心相关的一项。
②四个选项中有两项意思相反时，其中必有一个是答案。
③虽然是一道细节题，但也可以当成一道主旨题来做。
④类比、比喻、列举、举例的目的都是为了说明中心。
3. 高考的文章与四六级文章的重要不同之处：前者重细读，后者重速度。
高考的文章重视考察抓住中心思想的能力。
中心思想+ 细节= 文章; 中心思想引领细节。
要反复把自己以前的思路同现在的新思路作对比，才可以提高把握中心的能力。
4. 关于九堂课的阅读方法：微观和宏观把握文章的结构怎么把握，它的脉络;掌握句子怎么去理解它的含义。
另外，还有八大题型的总结。
5. 常见问题：①读不懂怎么?问题本身太空乏，应该仔细分析问题到底在哪。
首先要能意识到自身问题所在。
unconsciously incompetent (无意识地，无能力地) 属于问题认知的第一阶段;consciously incompetent (有意识地，无能力地) 属于问题认知的第二阶段;consciously competent (有意识地，有能力地) 属于问题认知的第三阶段;unconsciously competent (无意识地，有能力地) 属于问题认知的第四阶段。
从认知的第三阶段达到第四阶段，是一个反复熟练的过程。
“48精读击破法”②读懂了文章之后还错题怎么办?③做完了一遍不愿意看第二遍怎么办：④做题技巧用不上怎么办?能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。
在课堂听明白之后，还需要回去自己思考，针对自己的实际分析分析6. 关于复习的安排：先把上课讲完的文章趁热打铁，把文章固化下来;每天搞透一篇，然后把剩下的文章每天做一篇，做完了之后再精读。
Passage 01The objective of lashing the coils is to form one large，immovable block of units in the hold by lashing them together．In general，strip coils in three end rows in the top tier should be lashed．To prevent fore-and-aft shifting in the top tier of bare-wound coils group-lashing should not be applied due to their fragile nature；the end row of a top tier should be secured by dunnage and wires，which are to be tightened from side to side，and by additional wires to the bulkhead．When coils are fully loaded over the entire bottom space and are well shored，no lashings are required except for locking coils．The lashings can be of a conventional type using wire steel band or any equivalent means．Conventional lashings should consist of wires having sufficient tensile strength．The first tier should be chocked．It should be possible to re-tighten the lashings during the voyage．Wire lashings should be protected against damage from sharp edges．If there are few coils，or a single coil only，they should be adequately secured to the ship，by placing them in cradles，by wedging，or by shoring and then lashing to prevent transverse and longitudinal movement．The locking coil is ________．A．a coil secured by shoringsB．a coil placed in cradleC．a coil used to secure other coilsD．a coil secured by wedgingsCThe general objective of lashing coils is to prevent them from ________．A．transverse and longitudinal movementB．rolling in the holdC．vertical movementD．fore-and-aft shiftingAWhen coils are fully loaded over tanktop and are well shored，________．A．three end rows in the top tier should be lashedB．no lashings are required except for locking coilsC．they should be secured to the ship by wedgingD．they should be placed in cradlesBIf there is a single coil，its securing should be done by ________．A．placing it in cradle and then lashing itB．shoring it and then placing it in cradleC．placing it in cradle，wedging it，shoring it and lashing itD．lashing the three end rowsAPassage 02As for sub-contracting and indemnity，the Repairer shall be entitled to sub-contract on any terms the whole or any part of the Works and any and all acts or things that are in the opinion of the Repairer necessary or desirable to carry out and complete the Works．The Customer undertakes that no claim or allegation shall be made against any person by whomsoever the Works is performed or undertaken（including all sub-contractors of the Repairer），other than the Repairer，which imposes or attempts to impose upon any such person any liability whatsoever in connection with the Works，whether or not arising out of negligence on the part of such person and，if any such claim or allegation should nevertheless be made，to indemnify the Repairer against all consequences thereof．If a claim is made by the Customer against a sub-contractor，________．A．the sub-contractor shall indemnify the Repairer against all consequences thereof B．the Customer shall indemnify the sub-contractor against all consequences thereof C．the sub-contractor shall indemnify the Customer against all consequences thereof D．the Customer shall indemnify the Repairer against all consequences thereofDAccording to this passage，________ is true．A．the Customer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against the Repairer B．the Repairer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against the Customer C．the Customer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against a sub-contractor D．the Repairer undertakes not to make claims or allegations against a sub-contractorCThe Repairer is entitled to sub-contract to ________ on any terms all things that are in his opinion necessary to complete the Works．A．any personB．the CustomerC．a claimerD．an allegerAThis passage is likely extracted from ________．A．a B/LB．GenconC．BaltimeD．a Ship Repair ContractDPassage 03Whilst proper care must be taken with the stowage of all iron and steel，cargoes of pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes are particularly difficult to secure effectively．In the upper tween decks of many two and three deck ships the absence of hatch coamings more than a few inches high adds to the difficulty of securing pig iron and billets carried abreast the hatchways and there appears to be a greater risk of cargo shifting in these spaces than in the lower holds．The most effective way to secure these cargoes is to level them and over stow them with other suitable cargo．The over stow should have sufficient rigidity or weight to act as a positive preventative to the movement of pig iron，steel billets，bars，etc．Large quantities of uncovered pig iron or billets should not be carried in the upper-tween decks with the intention of obtaining an unduly low metacentric height since this does not eliminate the risk of cargo shifting and may endanger the ship if it does shift．Where the pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes are stowed in ________ of a ship，their risk of shifting is the greatest．A．the upper tween deckB．the lower tween deckC．the lower holdD．in any tween deck without hatch coamingsAThe most effective way to stow such cargoes as pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes is to _______．A．place them in the upper tween deckB．over stow them with sufficient rigidity or weight to act as a positive preventative to the movementC．lower the metacenter of the shipD．obtain an unduly low metacentric heightBIt will endanger the ship if the pig iron，steel billets，round bars and pipes ________．A．have no risk of shiftingB．are over stowed with other cargoes of sufficient rigidity or weightC．are stowed in lower holdD．shiftDThis passage is likely extracted from ________．A．a B/LB．GenconC．BaltimeD．a Ship Repair ContractDPassage 04With one possible exception，activity in the Dover Strait during the closing hours of 5 May 1998 was normal．It was a dark clear night，the wind was west-south-west force 5 to 6 and traffic was moving easily both ways in the traffic separation scheme．As so often happens a“rogue”ship was heading north-east on the northern edge of the south-west bound lane．It was not identified．The only additional，but by no means unusual，activity that night was a cross channel survey by the 1，774gt survey vessel STM Atria．She was traversing the channel between a position off St Margaret's Bay and the Belgian coast．She was showing the lights of a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre，red white and red all round lights，and also displaying an orange flashing light．Regular traffic information about her activities was broadcast by the CNIS every hour．She was making GOOD between 4 and 5 knots．The traffic separation scheme ________ in the Dover Strait．A．was not establishedB．will be establishedC．was in operationD．was removedCSTM Atria was ________．A．a“rogue”shipB．a survey vesselC．CNISD．Dover StraitBThe speed of the survey vessel is between ________ knots．A．4 and 5B．5 and 6C．6 and 7D．7 and 8AThe ship heading north-east ________．A．was in the wrong lane of the traffic separation schemeB．was carrying out survey operationsC．did not carry any cargo on boardD．was a pirate boatAPassage 05The bulk carrier，long recognized as the workhorse of the world merchant fleet，has over the years had its design refined and optimized on the basis of previous successful experience．This provided what many considered to be a relatively uncomplicated and safe structural configuration．Recently，and regrettably with loss of human lives，a series of tragic ship losses has focused the attention of the marine industry and the public on the performance and inherent safety of this ship type．Extensive research and development，principally by the major classification societies，has highlighted the possible causes of the bulk carrier losses and brought about necessary changes to the design and scantlings for new ships．For existing ships，improvements to safety are anticipated throughthe reinforcement of the aft transverse watertight bulkhead，and the double bottom structure in way，of the foremost cargo hold，the introduction of a more rigorous survey regime and greater attention to operating procedures，particularly during cargo loading and discharge，in order to avoid over stressing of the structure or mechanical damage．In this paragraph，the term“workhorse”means ________．A．the ship that performs dependably in marine industriesB．a horse that is used for labor rather than for racing or ridingC．a person who works tirelessly，especially at difficult or time-consuming tasks D．something that performs dependably under heavy or prolonged useAThe refined and optimized design of bulk carriers，considered by many people，________．A．is relatively uncomplicated and safe in their structural configurationB．is relatively complicated compared with previous structural configurationC．is relatively not safe on the basis of previous successful experienceD．will join world fleet recentlyAThe ________ is not included in the anticipated improvements to safety for existing bulkships．A．introduction of a more rigorous survey regime and greater attention to operating proceduresB．introduction of necessary changes to the design and scantlingsC．reinforcement of the aft transverse watertight bulkheadD．reinforcement of the double bottom structure in wayBIt is implied that a series of tragic bulkship losses ________．A．will not be avoided even new design of their structure are introducedB．were contributed by the improvements to safety for existing shipsC．has little effect on the marine industry and the publicD．were caused by their inherent structuresDPassage 06The ship loaded with general cargo had parcels of steel pipes of 13 inch diameter stowed 6 tiers high in the aft end of the tween decks．Two lengths of 2.25 inch steel wire were laid athwartships across the top of the third tier of pipes，taken back over the top of the sixth tier on completion of stowage and tightened by bottle screws secured to the ship's framing．In very heavy weather the steel pipes broke adrift and extensive damage resulted to framing，bulkheads，air and sounding pipes，etc．The wire lashings and bottle screws were completely destroyed．The diameter of the steel pipes is ________ inches．A．not mentionedB．13C．6D．2.25BThe steel pipes were stowed in ________ ties．A．2B．3C．5D．6DThe steel pipes did not cause damage to ________．A．framingB．bulkheadsC．air and sounding pipesD．the aft end of the tween decksDThe steel pipes were lashed with ________ wires．A．2B．3C．4D．5APassage 07Dangerous cargoes of Class 3 are liquids，or mixtures of liquids，or liquids containing solids in solution or suspension（e．g．paints，varnishes，lacquers，etc．，but not including substances which，on account of their other dangerous characteristics，have been included in other classes）which give off a flammable vapour at or below 61℃（141℉）closed cup test（corresponding to 65．6℃（150℉）open cup test），normally referred to as the flashpoint．Class 3also includes substances transported or offered for transport at elevated temperatures in a liquid state which give off a flammable vapour at temperatures equal to or below the maximum transport temperature．However，the provisions of this Code need not apply to such liquids with a flashpoint of more than 35℃（95℉）which do not sustain combustion．Liquids offered for transport at temperatures equal to or above their flashpoint are，in any case，considered as flammable liquids．For the purpose of above subsection，liquids are not considered to sustain combustion if：*they have passed the suitable combustibility test（see United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous GOODs）；or*their fire point according to ISO 2592 is greater than 100℃；or*they are miscible solutions with a water content of more than 90%，by mass．According to this paragraph，flash point obtained from closed cup test is ________ then that obtained from open cup test．A．9℃ lowerB．9℉ higherC．4.6℃ lowerD．4.6℉ higherCLiquids are not considered to sustain combustion if ________．A．they have not passed the suitable combustibility testB．their fire point according to ISO 2592 is not greater than 100℃C．they are miscible solutions with a water content of not more than 90%，by mass D．their fire point according to ISO 2592 is greater than 100℃DMiscible solutions offered for transport at ambient temperature with a flashpoint of more than 35℃（95℉）and with a water content of more than 90，by mass，________．A．is not included in Class 3B．is not mentioned in this paragraphC．is included in Class 3D．will be considered to be included in other class of dangerous cargoesAThe proper topic of this paragraph is ________．A．Non Dangerous LiquidsB．Most Liquids are not Included in Class 3C．Definition of Dangerous Cargoes of Class 3D．Liquids and Their Physical PropertiesCPassage 08Modern bulk carriers are normally designed to carry a variety of cargoes in order to provide operational flexibility．For cargoes such as coal or grain the ship would have all holds filled with the cargo（homogeneous loading condition）and be down to maximum draught．If heavy cargoes，with a stowage rate of about one third of that for coal were to be carried in the homogeneous condition each hold would only be about one third full．In that condition the ship would have a large metacentric height and a low centre of gravityresulting in a very“stiff”ship．Modern bulk carriers，intended for the carriage of ore，are designed for the carriage of ore cargoes in alternate holds and in larger ships only the odd numbered holds are loaded with ore．The advantages in this are that it is easier to achieve a satisfactory trim on the ship and a reduced time spent in port．However，the disadvantages are that the alternate hold loading pattern greatly increases the stresses in the double bottom structure and the shear forces in the side shell．The double bottom，hopper and topside tanks are arranged for the carriage of water ballast with the double bottom and hopper tanks often being inter-connected，by vertical trunks or pipes，with the topside tanks．The homogeneous loading condition refers to loading pattern that ________．A．all cargo holds are fully loaded to the maximum of both volume and weight capacities B．each hold would only be about one third fullC．only the odd numbered holds are loadedD．all cargo holds are loaded with cargoesD“Stiff”ship is the condition that ________．A．she has a large metacentric heightB．she has a high centre of gravityC．her metacenter above baseline is highD．her centre of gravity is lowAThe ________ are not arranged for the carriage of ballast water．A．double bottom tanksB．topside tanksC．hopper tanksD．vertical trunks or pipesDThe disadvantage of the alternate hold loading pattern is that ________．A．it is easier to achieve a satisfactory trim on the shipB．it increases the stresses in the double bottom structure and the shear forces in the side shellC．it is easier to achieve a reduced time spent in portD．the double bottom and hopper tanks are often inter-connected，by vertical trunks or pipes，with the topside tanksBPassage 09Bottom area from keel to light load line about 2600 sq．m．，including rudder，post，stern frame，to be cleaned with high pressure fresh water．Rusted area about 300 sq．，to be sand-blasted and patched with two coats of bottom primer on the bare metal surface．Then whole area to be applied with one coat anti-corrosive paint and one coat tropical anti-fouling paint．Boot-topping strake，from light load line，about 1600 sq．m．to be cleaned with high pressure fresh water．Rusted area to be blasted and patched with two coats of primer．Then whole area to be applied one coat of boot topping green paint．Topside about 1200 sq．m．to be cleaned with high pressure fresh water．Rusted area to be sand-blasted and patched with two coats of primer and one coat of light gray paint．Then whole area to be applied with one coat of light gray paint．All draft figures，plimsoll marks，ship's name and port of registry to be repainted twice in original color．________ to be repainted twice in original color．A．Bottom area from keel to light load line about 2600 sq．m．，including rudder，post，stern frameB．The whole ar e aC．Boot-topping strake，from light load line，about 1600 sq．m．D．All draft figures，plimsoll marks，ship's name and port of registryDWhere is boot-topping ___________．A．The area of the hull between full and light load linesB．The area of the hull above the water line in full load conditionC．The area from keel to light load lineD．The area from keel to full load lineA________ area to be applied with one coat of light gray paint．A．BottomB．The wholeC．Boot-toppingD．TopsideD________ area to be applied with one coat anti-corrosive paint and one coat tropical anti-fouling paint．A．BottomB．The wholeC．Boot-toppingD．TopsideAPassage 10The hull structure within the cargo area of a bulk carrier can be considered as comprising two barriers；namely，the primary and secondary barrier．The primary barrier is formed by the single skin side shell between topside and hopper tanks，and the cross deck strips，hatch covers and coamings．A failure of the primary barrier would allow water to enter the hold space．The secondary barrier is formed by the vertically corrugated transverse watertight bulkheads and the inner bottom．A failure of the secondary barrier will permit flood water in the hold to enter the neighbouring hold space．Cracking at hatch corners will directly permit water to enter ________．A．topside tanksB．the cross deck stripsC．hopper tanksD．the primary barrierDGrab and bulldozer damage to the inner bottom will allow water to enter ________．A．the secondary barrierB．transverse watertight bulkheadsC．the primary barrierD．the topside and hopper tanks，AHatch covers are ________．A．primary barrierB．secondary barrierC．either primary barrier or secondary barrierD．neither primary barrier nor secondary barrierAIn accordance with the passage，the bridge deck should be considered as ________．A．primary barrierB．secondary barrierC．either primary barrier or secondary barrierD．neither primary barrier nor secondary barrierDPassage 11The damage scenarios applicable to single side skin bulk carriers assume initial damage to the primary barrier，formed by the shell and hatch covers，followed by the failure of the secondary barrier formed by the double bottom and the transverse bulkheads．Primary barrier failure could occur in one of two ways．The side shell could be damaged or the hatch covers could fail under the pressure from green seas on deck or be swept away，thereby allowing water to enter the hold．The most likely cause of initial side shell failure，other than collision，results from the progressive reduction of support from corroded and fractured side shell frame end bracket connections to topside tanks and hopper tanks．Corrosion of end bracket toes creates a stress concentration with the location being subjected to fatigue loading from the passage of waves along the side shell．This can lead to the growth of fatigue cracks until the end brackets are completely detached from the side shell．Similarly，weld grooving of side frames and brackets can lead to detachment．In each case，loss of secondary support will lead to loss of the side shell and water will enter the hold．According to this passage，________ will be suffered from damage first．A．primary barrierB．secondary barrierC．double bottomD．transverse bulkheadsACorrosion of ________ is not likely lead to detachment of the corresponding structural member．A．weld grooving of side frames and bracketsB．end bracket toesC．side shell frame end bracket connections to topside tanks and hopper tanksD．the shell and hatch coversDFatigue loading to end bracket toes is created by ________．A．the passage of waves along the side shellB．the side shell frame end bracket connections to topside tanks and hopper tanks C．the detachmentD．the secondary supportAIn general，loss of secondary support will ________．A．create a stress concentration with the locationB．assume initial damage to the primary barrierC．lead to loss of the side shell and water will enter the holdD．lead to the growth of fatigue cracksCPassage 12One，or a combination of，the following two failure scenarios could occur．Firstly，the double bottom structure of girders and floors could sustain sufficient damage under the negative buoyancy condition where the double bottom structure is subjected to the cargo loading only．If the transverse floor and longitudinal girder web plating structures，have deteriorated due to corrosion or mechanical damage，then shear failure can result and the double bottom may collapse．The loss of the hull girder flange，formed by the double bottom，would invariably lead to the loss of the ship．Secondly，where water enters a loaded hold，the transverse watertight bulkheads are subject to the cargo loading increased by a static head of water equal to the flooded draught and a dynamic effect due to the fluid motion in the hold．If the watertight bulkhead has corroded then plastic collapse，or shear failure of the corrugated bulkhead connection to the lower shelf place，can occur followed by bulkhead failure．With two holds flooded，the ship would in all likelihood sink．It is implied in the passage that ________ will inevitably lead to the sinking of the ship．A．the double bottom structure is subjected to the cargo loading onlyB．water enters a loaded holdC．bulkhead fails when there is no water in the holdD．the loss of the hull girder flange or more than one hold are floodedDNegative buoyancy condition refers to the condition of ________．A．hoggingB．saggingC．rollingD．pitchingBThe reason why the ship would sink with two holds flooded is that she will loss her ________．A．stabilityB．strengthC．buoyancyD．gravityAWhere water enters a loaded hold，the transverse watertight bulkheads are not subject to ________．A．the cargo loadingB．static head of waterC．dynamic effect due to the fluid motion in the holdD．support from other deck coversDPassage 13It is hereby expressly agreed that every exemption from liability and every right，defence and immunity of whatsoever nature applicable to the Repairer or to which the Repairer is entitled hereunder shall also be available and shall extend to protect every Repairer or agent of the Repairer（including every independent contractor from time to time employed by the Repairer）while acting in the course of or in connection with his employment or engagement．The Repairer is or shall be deemed to be acting as an agent or trustee on behalf of and for the benefit of all persons who are or might be employees or agents from time to time（including any independent contractors or subcontractors as aforesaid）and all such persons shall to this extent be or be deemed to be parties to the contract entered into by the Repairer．This paragraph is most likely to appear in ________．A．Ship Slipping and Repairing ContractB．Time CharterC．V oyage CharterD．Demise CharterAThe exemption from liability and every right，defence and immunity of whatsoever nature applicable to the Repairer or to which the Repairer is entitled hereunder will not extend to protect ________．A．Agent of the RepairerB．Independent Contractor employed by the RepairerC．Subcontractor appointed by the RepairerD．ShipownerDThe Repairer is not or shall be not deemed to be acting as an agent or trustee on behalf of and for the benefit of ________．A．all persons as to be deemed to be parties to the contract．B．subcontractors appointed by the RepairerC．independent contractors employed by RepairerD．persons who are or might be employees or agents of the RepairerAIt can be concluded that this clause is formulated to protect the interests of ________．A．Repairer'sB．independent contractor'sC．ship owner'sD．cargo owner'sAPassage 14Many carriers today make use of relay ports at which GOODs destined for more remote locations are transshipped onto substituted ships or“feeder vessels”，in order to secure faster and more efficient delivery than would be possible if the cargoes concerned were carried all the way to destination aboard the liner vessels on which they were first loaded．The transshipment of cargo at such intermediate ports has been judged not to constitute an unreasonable deviation where it is shown to be a custom of the trade．Nor，of course，is it an unreasonable deviation where the shipper acquiesced in it，had notice of it or could have expected it based on prior shipments with the same carrier，or where the carrier has made known its ordinary stops by its advertisements，publications or other means．A Relay Port means a/an_______．A．port of destinationB．port of sailingC．intermediate portD．port of refugeCCargo will be possibly delivered slower to its destination by _______．A．a feederB．a substituted shipC．the liner on which it was first loadedD．the liner on which it would be loaded should a feeder or substituted ship not be availableCUnder which of the following conditions is it not sufficient to judge that transshipment at the relay port does not constitute an unreasonable deviation ___________．A．the transshipment is shown to be a custom of the tradeB．the shipper had notice of the transshipmentC．the shipper could have expected it based on prior shipments with the same carrier D．the carrier has not made known its ordinary stops by its advertisements or publicationsDThe purpose of making use of a relay port by the carrier is to achieve the end of _______．A．faster and more efficient deliveryB．avoiding unreasonable deviationC．making known its ordinary transportation by its advertisements，publications or other meansD．preventing the adverse influence to the carriage by a custom of the tradeAPassage 15Individuals involved directly and indirectly in the handling of dangerous GOODs shall receive training designed to provide familiarity with the general provisions of dangerous GOODs transport requirements．Such training shall include a description of the classes of dangerous GOODs；labelling，marking，placarding and packaging，segregation and compatibility requirements；a description of the purpose and content of the dangerous GOODs transport document；and a description of available emergency response documents．These persons shall have to receive detailed training concerning specific dangerous GOODs transport requirements which are applicable to the function the persons performs．And of course they shall also receive the complete safety training．Commensurate with the risk of exposure in the event of a release and the functions performed，each person shall receive training on：Methods and procedures for accident avoidance，such as proper use of package-handling equipment and appropriate methods of stowage of dangerous GOODs；Available emergency response information and how to use it；General dangers presented by the various classes of dangerous GOODs and how to prevent exposure to those hazards，including if appropriate the use of personal protective。
